初中英語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子練習(xí)題與答案

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被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)概述英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.謂語(yǔ)：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)manypeople來(lái)執(zhí)行的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。所謂“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”，相當(dāng)于中文中常說(shuō)的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行車(chē)被偷了?！?，再如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。判斷：看下面的兩個(gè)例句，你來(lái)判斷哪個(gè)是主動(dòng)哪個(gè)是被動(dòng)？Heopenedthedoor.他開(kāi)了門(mén)。（____________）Thedoorwasopened.門(mén)被開(kāi)了。（____________）二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成:be動(dòng)詞+Vp.p被動(dòng)特點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓，用be加上過(guò)去分。行為對(duì)象作主語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)by來(lái)引。1.Englishis___________（speak）inCanada.2.Theblouseis___________（make）ofsilk.3.Englishis___________（speak）bymanypeople.誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒(méi)必要。動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)莫忘了。1.Somestampswere___________（steal）lastweek.2.ThePRCwas___________（found）onOctober1,1949.3.Footballis___________（play）inmostmiddleschools.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)須留意，P.P前面助動(dòng)be.be+P.Pam（is,are）現(xiàn)在時(shí)，am（is,are）+P.Pwas和were表過(guò)去。was（were）+P.P完成have（has）been。have（has）been+P.P將來(lái)，情態(tài)，be原形。will（can,may,must）be+P.P進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)兩個(gè)be，前表時(shí)態(tài)后加ing。am（is,are）+being+P.P被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be＋與物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。凡是漢語(yǔ)中帶“被”的句子，都能轉(zhuǎn)換成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。三．幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)——1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞肯定句：Bikesare___________（sell）inthatshop.否定句：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.疑問(wèn)句：Arebikessoldinthatshop?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞肯定句：Hewas___________（save）in1999.否定句：Hewasnotsavedin1999.疑問(wèn)句：Washesavedin1999?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：shall/will/begoingto+be+過(guò)去分詞肯定句：AnEnglishclasswillbe___________（give）byJacktomorrow.否定句：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.疑問(wèn)句：WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow?4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞肯定句：Acarisbeing___________（drive）now.否定句：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.疑問(wèn)句：Isacarbeingdrivennow?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has+been+過(guò)去分詞肯定句：Aroadhasbeen___________（build）bythegovernment.否定句：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.疑問(wèn)句：Hasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment?Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+P.P1）Thisclockcanbe___________（repair）here.2）Thetreesmaybe___________（plant）atothertimesoftheyear.3）Thecompositionmustbe___________（hand）inafterclass.4）Theyoungtreesshouldbe___________（plant）inspring.四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如：Somenewcomputerswere___________（steal）lastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰(shuí)偷的）Thisbookwas___________（publish）in1981.這本書(shū)出版于1981年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Thewindowwas___________（break）byMike.窗戶(hù)是邁克打破的。Thisbookwas___________（write）byhim.這本書(shū)是他寫(xiě)的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得到保證。五、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法（1）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。（2）把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（be＋過(guò)去分詞）（根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，以與原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式）。（3）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：1.Allthepeople___________（laugh）athim.→Hewas___________（laugh）atbyallpeople.2.They___________（make）thebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesare___________（make）bytheminthefactory.六、補(bǔ)充一些賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞如make,see,hear等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中可以接動(dòng)詞原形（實(shí)為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式）作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是一定要注意恢復(fù)to。如：Hemademestandoutside.→Iwasmadetostandoutside（byhim）.Isawhimplayfootball.→Hewasseentoplayfootball（byhim）.專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題(

)1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;built

B.Was;built

C.Does;build

D.Did;build(

)2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappened

B.washappened

C.ishappened

D.happened(

)3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrown

B.aregrown

C.grows

D.grow(

)4.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgiven

B.hasbeengiven

C.willbegiven

D.gives

(

)5.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplanted

B.willplant

C.havebeenplanted

D.planted

(

)6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoing

B.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendone

D.willbedone

(

)7.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knows

B.knew

C.isknown

D.wasknown()8.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelooked

B.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked()9.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlisten

B.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened

C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten()10.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.isgoingtodiscuss

B.willdiscuss

C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed()11.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuiltB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt()12.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup()13.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished()14.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown()15.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.praises

C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised()16.Thepicture______

inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired()18.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing()19.Thewar______in1941.

A.brokeout

B.hadbeenbrokenout

C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout()20.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour.

A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.

A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking()22.They______dayandnight.

A.aremadework

B.aremadetoworkmadetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork()23.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.A.wassentup

B.issentup

C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup()24.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung

()25.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned

()26.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____?

A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found

()27.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.

A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended

()28.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.

A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

()29.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.

A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon

()30.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen

()31.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.

A.broke,isbroken

B.isbroken,wasbroken

C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken

二、用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.It'ssaid(據(jù)說(shuō))thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

7What_______knives

______(make)of?

8.They_______________(make)ofmetal(金屬)andwood.

9.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?

10.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

11.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

12.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?

13.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.14.Look!Someone__________(dance).三、按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，一空一詞。1.TeagrowsinSouthChina.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）___________________________________________.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

AnEnglishsong______

______

_______bythechildren.

3.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

It______

________

________byyounow.

4.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

Metal________

_________

_______makingmachines.

5.Hemademedothatforhim.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

I______

________

________

______thatforhim.

6.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

Thelightgreendresses________

_________

___________out.

7.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Thegame_______

________“Lianliankan”byus.四．把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Parentstakecareoftheirkids._____________________________________________________________________2.