大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作首末段句型示例

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作首末段句型示例文章的結(jié)構(gòu)一個(gè)完整的段落包括三部分：主題句，推展句和結(jié)論句。一篇完整的四六級(jí)作文包括三部分：引言，正文和結(jié)論。又稱(chēng)：三段論。因此，可以說(shuō)，文章是段落的擴(kuò)展，段落是文章的壓縮。段落的結(jié)構(gòu)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)十句作文法具體地說(shuō)，四六級(jí)作文實(shí)際是一個(gè)十句話(huà)短文（十句作文法）引言段兩句或三句話(huà)：開(kāi)頭句+主題句（中心思想句+承上啟下的組織句）正文段四句話(huà)：主題句+三個(gè)擴(kuò)（推）展句結(jié)論段四句或三句話(huà)：主題句+擴(kuò)（推）展句+結(jié)論句Example

LosingWeight1）減肥已成為時(shí)尚。2）人們熱衷于減肥的原因。3）減肥的有效方法。1）2sentences2）4sentences3）4sentencesLosingWeight1)Nowadays,manypeopleareverymuchworriedaboutbeingoverweight.2)Andpeople,theyoungandwomeninparticular,aretryingvariouswaystoloseweight.

3)Therearemanyreasonswhymoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutlosingweight.4)Tobeginwith,theyareallawareofthedangerofbeingoverweight,whichmayleadtomanydiseasessuchashyper-tension,diabetesandheartattacks.5)Secondly,morepeoplehavebecomeconcernedabouttheirshapeandtheywanttoappearenergeticandyoung.6)What’smore,losingweightcanhelpthemfeelmentallyhealthierandbuilduptheirself-esteem.7)Therearedifferentmeansthroughwhichpeoplecanachievetheirgoaloflosingweight.8)Firstofall,someofthepeoplewhowanttoremovetheirfateatlessoreatnothing.9)Besides,theytakeweight-reducingdrugs.10)Butthemosteffectiveandhealthywaytoloseweightistotakeproperexercises.文章的開(kāi)頭常言道：“織衣織褲，貴在起頭”，不落俗套，別致新穎的開(kāi)頭（引言段）能吸引讀者，緊緊抓住讀者的注意力。在四六級(jí)考試作文評(píng)分中，采用globalscoring的評(píng)分原則，因此，文章的引言段是否能吸引assessor/examiner，是文章分?jǐn)?shù)高低的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵。文章開(kāi)頭寫(xiě)作作的兩點(diǎn)原則則要緊扣文章標(biāo)標(biāo)題，即開(kāi)頭頭點(diǎn)題。要能順利地引引出下文，和和下文（文章章中間部分———正文）的的內(nèi)容相聯(lián)系系，引發(fā)讀者者興趣，使人人想讀下去。。首段寫(xiě)作（1）諺語(yǔ)法由于諺語(yǔ)一般般已經(jīng)被大家家所接受，用用諺語(yǔ)提出自自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)也也容易被讀者者所接受。例如：Asthesaying(proverb)goes,““Hastemakeswaste.”Wearenowlivinginanageofrapidpaceandhighefficiency.Everyonewantstosetthequickestresultwithintheshortesttime.Butiftoomuchemphasisislaiduponspeed,peoplewillignorethequalityofwhattheyaredoing,andthusyieldunsatisfyingresults.Shakespearesaid:“Onewhoisunhappycannevergetabeneficialresult.”Thatistosay,happinessisveryimportantinourlife.FrancisBacononcesaid,““Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.”P(pán)erhapsthisisthebestadviceonhowtoread.此種開(kāi)頭段的的構(gòu)成引用的諺語(yǔ)或或名言+意義義+主題（中中心思想）LateChairmanMaoisrightinhissayingthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.Weshoulddrawalessonfromfailureratherthanbedefeatedbyfailure.Walkthroughfailureandwewillsucceed.ThereisanoldEnglishsayingwhichgoes“Nopains,nogains.”Itillustratestheimportanceofhardworkintheprocessofsuccess.Inotherwords,diligenceisakeyfactortosuccess.“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”isapopularsayinginEnglish.Thereismuchtruthinthisoldsaying.Itmeansthatinordertokeepusingoodhealth,wemusttakesufficientrecreation.常用的句型有有：Thereisanoldsayingthat…Peopleoftensay…Itisoftenquotedthat…Oneofthegreatmenoncesaidthat……（2）定義法法定義法是通過(guò)過(guò)對(duì)文章中的的關(guān)鍵詞做一一些簡(jiǎn)單或正正面或反面的的解釋?zhuān)薅ǘㄆ浞秶@這樣比較有利利于引出主題題。例如：Fashionmeansageneraltendencyamongpeopleinacertainsociety,forexample,theircommoninterestinclothes,inonetypeofhairstyleandsoon.Somepeoplelikefashion….MyFavoriteHobbyAhobbyisaninterestingwayofspendingone’’sfreetime.Myfavoritehobbyisplayingchess.Inmyfreetime,Ioftenplaychesswithmyfather.Ilikeplayingchessinmysparetimebecauseofthefollowingthreemainreasons….這種文章開(kāi)頭頭方法就是用用定義開(kāi)頭法法。解釋文章章的標(biāo)題或話(huà)話(huà)題。下定義義常用的句型有有：Sth.is.../iscalled.../isconsideredtobe.../istakentobe.../referto.../means.../signifies……（3）提問(wèn)問(wèn)法通過(guò)提問(wèn)一個(gè)個(gè)或一連串的的問(wèn)題，可以以激發(fā)讀者的的興趣，從而而引出主題。。例如：Doyouhavemanyfriends?Aretheysimilartoyouordifferentfromyou?Whichkindoffriendsdoyouprefer?Whatisessentialforhappiness?Ourworldisabigworld,complexandfullofmanydiversepeople.Sodifferentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinions.Inmyopinion,happinessliesintheservicethatyougiveotherpeople.此種開(kāi)頭段的的構(gòu)成這種開(kāi)頭段的的構(gòu)成方法如如下：?jiǎn)栴}+答案（（過(guò)渡句+提提供答案的進(jìn)進(jìn)一步論述））+中心思想想句Whatisatruestudentmeant?Atruestudentisonewhopossessesgoodmorality,soundhealth,perfectknowledgeandvariousabilities.Toattainthisend,Ishallgiveafewsuggestionsasfollows.（4）現(xiàn)象描述法指先總結(jié)文章章內(nèi)容所涉及及的現(xiàn)狀，然然后引出主題題。例如：Inrecentyears,whileourindustriesandbusinesseshavedevelopedquickly,thenumberoftreesinmanybigcitieshasdramaticallyreduced.Effortsarebeingmadetopreventpeoplefromcuttingmoretrees,buttorealizethesignificanceofmakingcitiesgreenerisofimportance.（5）主題句開(kāi)開(kāi)篇法即開(kāi)門(mén)門(mén)見(jiàn)山山直接接陳述述主題題。例如：：Asahumanbeing,onecanhardlydowithoutafriend.Societyismadeupofindividuals,andmakingfriendsisaveryimportantpartofourlife.Friendscangiveyoualot.（6））故事事法故事法法指用用簡(jiǎn)單單有趣趣的故故事激激發(fā)讀讀者的的興趣趣，從從而提提出自自己的的觀(guān)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。例如：：Mostofusmayhavesuchexperiences:whenyougotosomeplacefarawayfromthecitywhereyouliveandthinkyouknownobodythere,youaresupposedtofindthatyourunintooneofyouroldclassmatesonthestreets,perhapsbothofyouwouldcryout:““Whatasmallworld!””（7）引引語(yǔ)法法例如：："Justaseatingwithoutlikingharmsthehealth,learningwithoutinterestharmsthememoryandcan'tberetained."FromVinci'swordswecanseehowimportantitistomotivatethestudentsinlanguagelearning.（8））調(diào)查查法為了得得到讀讀者的的認(rèn)可可，文文章的的開(kāi)始始可以以引出出調(diào)查查數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)等，，借以以提出出主題題。例如：：Itwasreportedthatscientificstudieshadbeenmadetodeterminewhethersmokingwasahazardtohealth.Evidencehadshownthattherewasaserioushealthrisk.（9）假設(shè)法法假設(shè)法法是指指通過(guò)過(guò)假設(shè)設(shè)提出出一種種選擇擇，交交代文文章要要涉及及的問(wèn)問(wèn)題，，從而而提出出文章章的主主題。。例如：：Supposeyouwereofferedtwojobs,oneishighly-paidbutratherdemanding,theotherislessdemanding,butpoorly-paid,whichwouldyouprefer?……文章的的結(jié)尾尾常言道道：““編筐筐編簍簍，全全在收收口””。一一篇優(yōu)優(yōu)秀的的文章章其結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)和和氣勢(shì)勢(shì)應(yīng)為為：““虎頭頭，牛牛身，，豹尾尾?！薄蔽覀兊牡目忌牧?jí)考考試時(shí)時(shí)所寫(xiě)寫(xiě)的文文章往往往由由于時(shí)時(shí)間緊緊張而而“虎虎頭，，蛇尾尾”。。其實(shí)，，文章章結(jié)尾尾的好好壞也也在很很大程程度上上影響響文章章的globalimpression.文章結(jié)結(jié)尾的的作用用1.歸歸納納總結(jié)結(jié)概括括全文文，得得出結(jié)結(jié)論。。Allinall,travelingonone’’sownhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.2.突突出出主要要論點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，重重申強(qiáng)強(qiáng)化主主題（（中心心）。。Inaword,mylifeoncampusisreallycolorfulandmeaningful.3.表表達(dá)達(dá)自己己觀(guān)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，闡闡述立立場(chǎng)。。Asforme,ItakethepositionthatatestofspokenEnglishisextremelynecessaryanditshouldbeincludedinCET.文章結(jié)結(jié)尾的的常用用寫(xiě)作作方法法重申主主題句句法總結(jié)（（結(jié)論論）法法發(fā)表個(gè)個(gè)人看看法，，總結(jié)結(jié)全文文反問(wèn)結(jié)結(jié)尾法法引言結(jié)結(jié)論法法提倡議議號(hào)召召（喊喊口號(hào)號(hào)）法法(1)重重述或或總結(jié)結(jié)主題題重述主主題指指于結(jié)結(jié)論處處以另另外一一種表表達(dá)方方式重重申主主題，，與首首段照照應(yīng)。重申主主題句句法Inconclusion,nothingismorevaluablethanhealth.Ingoodhealth,wecanabsorbknowledgemorereadily.Ingoodhealthwecanachievemoresuccessandmakemorecontributiontoourcountry.例如：：InfluenceonYoungAdults一文文的開(kāi)開(kāi)頭段段是：：Theprocessofgrowingupisverycomplexforeveryperson.Amongcountlessfactorswhichinfluenceaperson’sgrowth,therearetwoconspicuousaspects:thefamilyandthefriends.結(jié)尾段段：Familiesofferuswarmthandcare.Friendsgiveusstrengthandhorizon.Theybothhelpusunderstandtheworldasitis.Bothofthemarethedearestpartsinourlife.常用句句型表表達(dá)InconclusionToconcludeInallAllthingsconsideredToconclude,nosuccesscanbeachievedwithoutlaboring.Successissimplythefruitofhardwork.Inall,ourschoollifeisreallyinterestingandcolorful.（2））提建建議議、、倡倡議議號(hào)號(hào)召召法法例如如：：Sincepostcardsdousmoreharmthangood,sincewehavemanyotherwaystoconveyourfeelingsandpromoteourfriendship,Ihopeeveryonewilltakeactionsnowtostopusingpostcards.Let’’sjoininoureffortstofightagainstthefakecommoditiesandprotecttheinterestsofourpeopleandournation.Let’ssparenoeffortstoprotectourenvironmentfrombeingfurtherdamagedandsaveourplanet.常用句型Let’sjoinintheeffortstodo……Let’ssparenoeffortstodo……Let’stakeeffectivemeasurestodo……Let’stakeimmediateactionstodo…Let’stakepracticalstepstodo……Onthewhole,asapernicious(harmful)hobby,smokingwilldoyoumoreharmthangood.Foryourownhealth(Forthesakeofyourownhealthandalsoforthatoftheothersaroundyou),pleasekeepawayfromsmoking(pleasegiveupsmoking,pleasequit/stopsmoking).發(fā)表個(gè)人看看法，總結(jié)結(jié)全文Inmyopinion,thebalanceofthesetwokindsofactivitiesmightbemoreusefultothosewholiveinretirement.Inotherwords,physicalactivitiesarenecessaryforgoodhealthbutintellectualrecreationprovidesthemostpleasure.常用句型InmyopinionPersonally,Ithink/believeItakethepositionthatIhold/taketheattitudethatAsfarasIamconcernedWereitlefttometodecideAsastudent,busyasIamwithmystudy,Ialsodomanyinterestingthingssuchasreadingnovels,writingarticlesatthetwo-dayweekend.IamfirminmybeliefthatAllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.（3）概概括總結(jié)文章最后用用幾句話(huà)概概括全文內(nèi)內(nèi)容，并進(jìn)進(jìn)一步肯定定文章的中中心思想或或作者的觀(guān)觀(guān)點(diǎn)。例如：Tosumup,inordertokeeptherespectablelife,thestudentsoughttobehavewellaccordingtothefourrulesmentionedabove:1.beambitious;2.bebroadminded;3.bebrave;and4.behonest.（4）提出預(yù)預(yù)測(cè)和希望望例如：Inaword,TVadvertisement,Ithink,areanewbornthinginthedevelopmentofoureconomy,ofcourse,thereismuchroomforimprovementintheTVads.IbelievetheTVadswillbenefitboththeadvertisersandconsumers.(5)．用反問(wèn)結(jié)尾尾:雖然然形式是問(wèn)問(wèn)句，但意意義卻是肯肯定的，具具有明顯的的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用用，引起讀讀者思考。。1.Therefore,listenin