人教版初一(下)英語第8講：unit 4 語法篇(學生版)

Unit4語法篇弔作業(yè)完成情況）學生通過本講學習，能夠掌握本單元的重點語法，并在綜合能力上有一定的拓展。祈使句一、祈使句指的是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調。二、祈使句的肯定句式一般分為以下三種類型：行為動詞原形＋其它成分。例如：Makesentencesafterthemodel.根據例句造句。Be動詞＋其它成分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語等）。例如：Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.過馬路時要小心。Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分。例如：Lethimgobacknow.讓他現在回去吧。祈使句的否定句式祈使句的否定句式，通常情況下在句首加上Don'或Never,—般分為以下四種類型:在祈使句的肯定句式前加Do't,構成『Don't+行為動詞原形+其它成分』。例如：Don'tsaythatagain!別再那樣說了！在Be動詞引起的肯定祈使句前加Don't，構成『Don'tbe+其它成分(形容詞、名詞或介詞短語等)』。例如：Don'tbecareless.不要粗心。注意：在這種句型中be不能省略；否定副詞not不可置于be之后。Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有兩種：Let開頭的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人稱名詞或代詞的賓格，可在Let前加Don't，也可在Let后賓格的名詞或代詞后面加not。如果以Let's開頭的祈使句，必須在Let's后加not。例如：Don'tletmegowithhertomorrow.=Letmenotgowithhertomorrow.不要讓我明天跟她一起去。Let'snottellherthetruthwheneverwemeether.無論什么時候我們碰到她，都不要告訴她真相。4?在公共場合的提示語中，否定祈使句常用『No+名詞/V-ing形式』結構，表示『禁止做某事』。例如：NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！祈使句的反意問句祈使句的反意疑問句須按其句子結構及講話人的語氣來決定其疑問部分。通常有以下三種形式：祈使句為肯定句式，其反意疑問句表示請求時，通常用willyou；表示邀請、勸說時，用won」tyou。例如：Besuretowritetous,willyou?你一定要給我們寫信，好嗎？Cometohavedinnerwithusthisevening,won'tyou?今晚來和我們一起吃飯，好嗎？祈使句為否定句式，其反意疑問句通常只用willyou。例如:Don'tsmokeinthemeetingroom,willyou?不要在會議室抽煙，好嗎？3.Let開頭的祈使句構成反意疑問句時，除Let's用shallwe外，其它均用willyou。例如:Lettheboygofirst,willyou?讓個那男孩先走，好嗎？Let'stakeawalkaftersupper,shallwe?晚飯后我們去散步，好嗎？情態(tài)動詞must和haveto情態(tài)動詞用法例句must表示必須，應該'之意，語氣比should,oughtto強烈。其否定形式mustn't表示不準，不應該，禁止”等意Youmustcometoschoolontime.Everybodymustobeythelaw.Youmustn'tdrivesofastinthestreet.Wemustn'twasteanymoretime.在回答帶有must的問句時，否定回答常用needn't或don'thaveto,表示不必，而不用mustn't1.—MustIcomebackbeforeten?—Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn't)表示有把握的推測，意為“一定、準是、相必”，只用于肯定句中Itmustbemymother.Youmustbehungryafterawalk.Theremustbeaholeinthewall.havetohaveto“必須，不得不”，意義與must相近。但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而haveto則往往強調客觀需要。Thefilmisnotinteresting.Ireallymustgonow.Ihavetogonow,becausemymotherisinhospital.must只有一種形式，即現在式與過去式都是一種形式，而haveto則涉及各種人稱、時態(tài)等方面的變化形式。IhadtoworkhardwhenIwasyourage.Iwillhavetolearnhowtouseacomputer.3.Inordertotaketheexam,we'llhavetofinishthewholebookbytheendofthismonth.兩者的否定意義不冋，mustn't表示“禁止，不許，don'thaveto表示不必。.Youmustn'tgothere..Youdon'thavetogothere.

1.【1.【2015年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試英語試題】Look!Thetrafficlighthasturnedred.Westopourcar.A.canB.can'tC.mustD.mustn't【山東省泰安市2015年中考英語試題】Nowadays.allpassengersgothroughsafetycheckbeforetakeatrain.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will【德州市二O—五年初中學業(yè)水平考試英語試題】一Mr.Wang,mustIcomeagaintocleantheclassroomonSunday?一No,you.IhaveaskedKatetodoit.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn'tA.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't【江蘇省鹽城市2015年中考英語試題】Daniel,___playwiththemobilephonewhileyou'rewalkinginthestreet.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.won'tA.don'tB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can't【河南省2015年中考英語試題】kindandhelpfultothepeoplearoundus,andwewillmaketheworldanicerplacetolivein.D.BeenA.BeB.BeingC.TobeD.Beeninbed.It'sbadforyoureyes.A.NottoreadB.Don'treadC.Don'ttoreadA.NottoreadB.Don'treadC.Don'ttoreadD.Notread基礎演練一、單項選擇1.picturebooksinclass,please.A.NotreadB.NoreadC.NotreadingD.Don'tread2.Ssh!talkloudly.Thebabyissleepingrightnow.A.DoB.DoesC.Don'tD.Doesn't3.Doyouwearauniformatschool?A.mustB.havetoC.mayD.can4.Youstopwhenthetrafficlightturnsred.A.canB.hadbetterC.needD.must---yougiveyourseattothisoldman?---Ofcourse.CanB.ShallC.NeedD.Must二、按要求轉換句型Throwthatpieceofpaperaway.（改為否定祈使句）thatpieceofpaperaway.Picksomeflowers,please.（改為否定祈使句）pickflowers,please.Ihavetolookaftermyself.（改為否定句）Ilookaftermyself.Andyhastostudyforatest.（改為一般疑問句）Andystudyforatest?IcantalktoJenny'smother.（改為一般疑問句）talktoJenny'smother?三、11.請找布朗先生接電話好嗎?speaktoMr.Brown?在周末我喜歡去那兒，但是我得先做一些家務活。Igothereonweekends,butIsomehouseworkfirst.地球是我們美麗的家園,我們必須保持地球清潔。Theearthisourbeautifulhome.We.不要在街道上打籃球。inthestreet.禁止在草上行走。onthegrass.鞏固提高Doyourhomeworkathome.（改為否定句）yourhomeworkathome.Doyouhaveagoodtimeatschool?（改為同義句）Doyouhaveatschool?Icaneatinthedininghall.（就劃線部分提問）youeat?Pleasekeepquietinclass.（改為同義句）Don'tbeinclass.Mustweeatinthehallways?（作否定回答）,?Youcan'tlistentomusicintheclassroom.（改為祈使句）musicintheclassroom.Gooutonschoolnights.（改為否定句）outonschoolnights.Shehastowashthedishesaftermeals.（改為一般疑問句）shewashthedishesaftermeals?Wecaneatlunchatourschool.（改為以Let's開頭的句子）lunchatourschool.Don'tdrawpicturesontheblackboard.（改為肯定句）ontheblackboard.翻1.她會說一點兒中文。ShespeakalittleChinese.2.---學生們可以在走廊上跑嗎？---不，他們不能。---Canthestudentsruninthehallways?---No,they.3.---我能在教室里吃東西嗎？---不，你不能。---Iintheclassroom?---No,youcan't.你上課不要接電話。Youanswerthetelephoneinclass.我10點鐘之前不得不上床睡覺。Igotobedbefore10:00.二、按要求轉換句型Willyoupleasenotopenthewindow?（改為祈使句）thewindow.Wehavetocleantheroom.就劃線部分提問）doyouhaveto?Shehastodoherhomework.（改為否定句）Shedoherhomework.Ihavetostayathomeonrainydays.（改為一般疑問句并作出否定回答）youstayathomeonrainydays?No,I.Youdon'thavetogetupsoearly.（改為同義句）Yougetupsoearly.三、完形填空Everyschoolhasitsownrules.Howmany11arethereinyourschool?Atsomeschools,thestudents12towearuniformsonschooldays.Butmanystudentsdon'tliketowearuniforms.Theythinktheuniformsaretheugliest13intheworld.Buttheschoolsdon'tallowthestudentstowear14ownclothesatschool.Sosomestudentsdrawcartoonsorsomefamoussingersontheir15.Theythinkitisvery16thateveryonewearsthesame.Itisveryunfair（不公平的）thattheteachersandthestudentsarewearing17.Butmostofthestudents18therules.Whatdoyouthink19it?Doyou20yourschooluniforms?

11.A.studentsB.rulesC.uniformsD.rulers12.A.hasB.mustC.shouldD.have13.A.clothesB.shirtsC.skirtsD.cloth14.A.theirB.theyC.themD.themselves15.A.schoolbagsB.booksC.uniformsD.desks16.A.boredB.boringC.interestingD.interested17.A.sameB.differentlyC.differentD.thesame18.A.obeyB.agreeC.listenD.listento19.A.ofB.aboutC.byD.for20.A.likeB.makeC.washD.puton￥務家庭作業(yè)）一、單項選擇---What'syourteacherlike?---Sheisalwaysstrictus.inB.withC.toMr.Blackalwaysgoestoworktime.Heisneverlate.A.atB.onC.inD.with3.---Igooutwithmyfriends,Mom?---No,youcan't.Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.A.MustB.HavetoC.DoD.Can4.OnSundayIhavetogotothefarmmyparents.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped---Whataretherulesatyourschool?---Don'truninthehallwaysandarrivelateforclass.

A.nottoB.won'tC.don'tD.noA.nottoB.won'tC.don'tD.noTherearepeopleinthehallandtherearenoise（噪音）init.A.toomany;toomuchB.toomany;muchtooC.toomuch;toomanyD.toomuch;muchtooOurclassroomis.Wemustcleanit.A.dirtyB.sorry---Whatdoyoudoafterdinner?A.dirtyB.sorry---Whatdoyoudoafterdinner?---I.A.havebreakfastC.getupearly---Whatareyourrulesathome?---Ihavetogotobedten.A.afterB.before---Areyouhappy?---.Ihavealotofrules.A.Yes,IamB.Yes,IdoquietD.noisyhavelunchwatchTVC.inD.onC.No,I'mnotD.No,Idon't二、完形填空MynameisLiXia.Iamamiddleschoolstudent.Asastudent,Ihavemanyrules.Ican'tbelate11class.Imust12ontime.Ican'truninthehallways.Ican't13intheclassroom.Imusteatinthedininghall.I14listentomusicintheclassroom,butIcanlistentoitoutside.Ihavetowearmyschool15everyday.Ican'twearahat.Intheschoollibrary,wemustbequiet.Wecan'ttalkloudlyorlaughloudly.Athome,Ihavetogetupearlyandhelpmymom16breakfast.Ihavetomakethebedand17mybedroomeverymorning.Ican'twatchTV18playcomputergames19schoolnights.Onweekends,Ihavetopracticetheguitarandthepiano.Ican'tplay20onschooldays.Iamnothappy.WhatcanIdo?11.A.toB.withC.forD.in12.A.amB.isC.areD.be13.A.fightB.eatC.singD.dance

14.A.can'tB.canC.doD.don't15.A.bookB.shoeC.uniformD.rules16.A.doB.makeC.todoesD.tomakes17.A.makeB.eatC.cleanD.follow18.A.orB.andC.withD.for19.A.inB.atC.onD.with20.A.thebasketballB.thesoccerC.volleyballD.piano三、閱讀理解TodayisSunday,andtherewillbeaconcert音樂會）atHongHeConcertHallat7:00p.m.Mr.Smitharrivesthereearly,andheisreadingthe"NoticetotheAudience（聽眾須知）".NoticetotheAudienceDressneatly（整潔）anddon'twearslippers（拖鞋）intotheconcerthall.Don'ttakefoodordrinkintothehall.Don'ttakechildrenunder1.2minheightintotheconcerthall.Keepoffallbeepersandmobilephones（手機）duringtheconcert.Don'ttakephotosduringtheconcert.Don'tsmokeintheconcerthall.21.Whatdayisittoday?A.It'sSaturday.B.It'sSunday.C.It'sMonday.D.It'sFriday.22.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:00a.m.B.Before7:00inthemorningC.7:00p.m.D.Before7:00p.m.23.Mr.Smithis.A.listeningtotheconcertB.waitingforhisfriendsC.readingthenoticeD.watchingamovie24.Theaudiencehaveto.A.wearslippersB.makephonecallsC.eatordrinksomethingD.dressneatly25.WhichisRIGHT?A.Childrenunder1.2mcan'tcomeintothehall.Peoplewithnobeepersormobilephonescan'tcomeintothehall.Ifyouwant,youcansmokeinthehall.Youcantakesomephotosduringtheconcert.四、單詞拼寫(單句首字母填空)IthinkstudentsshouldfollowtheschoolrWehavetobeqinthelibrary.Don'tgooutbyoufinishyourhomework.Theroomistoosmall.Let'sgoo.IlearnhowtousethecomputerandIfveryhappy.五、適當形式填空(單句適當形式)Don'tbe(noise)intheclassroom.Ifeelvery(relax)afterhavingagoodrest.Ihavetodothe(dish)afterdinner.Ihavemanystorybooks,butTomhas(many).Pleasekeepyoureyes(close).六、對話7選5A:Hello,LiLei.36B:Wecan'tarrivelateforclass.A:37B:No,wecan't.Butwecaneatinthedininghall.A:Canyoulistentomusicinthehallways?B:No,wecan't.38A:Doyouhavetowearuniforms?B:39A:40B:Yes,Ido,ormyparentswillbeangry(生氣).A:IhavetodomyhomeworkfirstwhenIgethome.A.Canyoueatintheclassroom?B.Doyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkafterschool?Whatareyourschoolrules?Yes,wedo.Andwecan'twearhatsatschool.七、選詞填空（短文選詞填空）latefirstparentsstrictleavingsayourfollowearlyafterOurClassRulesOurheadteacherisvery41withus.Hemakesmanyrulesforusandasksusto42.them.Whemorning.Allofusmustbeontimeforclass.Wecan'tarrive44..Wecan'tfightinoroutofclass.Ifwefight,hewillcallour45..Wecan'teatortalkloudlyinclass.Wemustlistentotheteachercarefully認真地）.46class,wecan'trunorlistentomusicinthehallway.Wehavetowear47.uniformsatschool.Wecan'twearahatinclass.Whenwegethome,wemustdohomework48.Wehavetofinishourhomeworkontime.Whenwegettoschooleverymorning,wemust49"hello"toalltheteachersandsay"Goodbye"whenschool.八、閱讀與表達（問答式）（101中學初一下期中考試）Haveyoueverhadproblemsinyourlifeanddon'tknowhowtobehappy?Ifso,youwillfindthebookBeingaHappyTeenageisrveryuseful,whichiswrittenbyanAustralianwriterAndrewMatthews.AndrewMatthewsworksasawriter,cartoonist（卡通畫家）andspeaker.Hisbookshavebeentranslatedinto20languages.Hehasbeenonover2000radiosandTVprograms.Inthisbook,Matthewstellsushowtohaveahappylifeandanswersthequestionsofteenagers.Therearemanytopicssuchasparentsandfriends,andthebooksaysweshouldstopbeingangryandl