上學(xué)期浙江地區(qū)語法復(fù)習(xí)分詞

Whathappenedtothepeopleinthepicture?Theyareinjuredintheearthquake

Whatshouldwedowiththesepeople?Weshouldsendtheinjuredpeopletohospitalassoonaspossible

GrammarThePastParticiple過去分詞ThePastParticipleForm:規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞---v-ed不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞沒有統(tǒng)一的構(gòu)成規(guī)則Function:

1.作定語(Attribute)2.作表語(Predicative)一般來說,過去分詞含有“完成”或“被動”的雙重意義.B.被動意義Anhonoredguest一位受尊敬的客人A.完成意義Aretiredteacher一位退休的教師Meaning:3.作賓補4.作狀語PastParticipleasPredicative:過去分詞作表語,無“被動”的意思,只是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等,結(jié)構(gòu)為:befeel//look/seem/get/become+done

四.分詞作表語。分詞作表語通?？醋餍稳菰~來用?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)，而且主語多為物；過去分詞表示主語的感受或狀態(tài)，主語多為人。

Thefilm“PearlHarbor”isreally_________.Iam__________aboutit.(excite)Hisresponsetothequestionwasquite_____________.Ifelt_____________athisresponse.(disappoint)

excitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointedWhatdoyouthinkofthefilm?Howdotheaudiencesfeel?Thefilmismoving.The

audiencesfeel/ismoved.Dothefollowingexercisesandrecognizethedifferentmeaningbetween–ingformand–edform.1.--Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?--Theygotvery________.Allofthemthinktheplayis________.(excite)2.--HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?--Well,hegotfiveAsandhisfatherseems_______withhisresults.(please)3.Thenewsisso________thatJohnis____________inadaze.(surprise)4.Chinaisa_________countrywhileAmericaisa_________country.(develop)excitedexcitingpleasedsurprisingsurpriseddevelopingdevelopedinterestinginterested1.Ifoundhim________inthestory.2.Hefoundthestoryvery________.tiringtired3.Climbingis_______.4.Theyallseemtobevery_______.excitingexcited5.The_____audiencecheeredloudly.6.somepeoplefindboxingissomethingtoo_______.interestedtiredinterestingtiringexcitingexcitedThevillageissurroundedbyhighmountains.（狀態(tài)）TheenemywassurroundedbytheRedArmy.（動作）Heiswelleducated.（狀態(tài)）Hehasbeeneducatedinthiscollegeforthreeyears.（動作）bedone表示狀態(tài)與被動的區(qū)別：

I.分詞作賓語補足語主語謂語賓語賓語補足語Iheardabellringingsomewhere.我聽見鈴鐺在什么地方響。Ihad(got)adecayedtoothpulledoff.我（讓人）把一顆蛀牙拔了。常用動詞有：hear,see,notice,discover,watch,feelfind,leave,observe,listento,make,let,have,get,keep,etc.

現(xiàn)在分此，表示動作正在發(fā)生，（即處于動作發(fā)生的過程中，還沒有結(jié)束），不定式表示動作發(fā)生了（既動作全過程結(jié)束了）。三、作賓補時，分詞的邏輯主語是句子的賓語。如果主語分詞動作的執(zhí)行者，就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；如果邏輯主語是分詞動作的承受者，就用過去分詞形式。1)Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______

(躺在）inbed,dead.2)Atlasttheysawthemissingboys______

（玩耍）neartheriver.3)-----Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-----I’dliketohavethispackage________,（稱一下）madam.lyingplayingweighed4)Themurdererwasboughtin,withhishands_______(捆)

behindhisback.tied分詞做賓補感官動詞see,hear,watch,notice等后接現(xiàn)在分詞，動詞原形或過去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞——正在發(fā)生或動作的一部分動詞原形——已經(jīng)完成或動作的全過程過去分詞——被動IheardhersinginganEnglishsong.Ifeelmyearsburning.Ididn’tnoticeyouenter.Isawyourbrotherbeatenbyabigboy.find的用法我們發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇正在吃雞蛋.Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.他讓人在公園里給他拍了幾張照片。Hehadsomepicturestakeninthepark.李明的自行車被偷了。Liminghadhisbikestolen.因為許多人在大廳里喊，我的講話別人聽不見。Ididn’tmakemyselfheardbecausealotofpeoplecriedinthehall.Exercises作定語與狀語的分詞分詞=現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)+過去分詞(done)。主動形式被動形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone現(xiàn)在分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，而過去分詞一般表示已完成的動作現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（1）：fallingleavesfallenleavesBoilingwaterBoiledwaterTherisingsunTherisensunDevelopingcountryDevelopedcountry現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（2）：分詞作定語時，過去分詞表示它所修飾的名詞的狀態(tài)。現(xiàn)在分詞表示它所修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)、特征。anexcitingnewsanexcitedboyboredstudentsboringlectureadisappointingboyadisappointedboyboilingwater

(=waterthatisboiling)boiledwater

(=waterthathasboiled)

What’sthewaterlike?

Howabouttheleavesinthetwopictures?

Theleavesarefallingorwecancallthemfallingleaves.Theleaveshavefallenonthegroundorwecancallthem

fallenleaves.

PastParticipleasAttribute:2.如果是過去分詞短語作定語,要放在名詞的后面,其功能相當(dāng)于一個定語從句.Welivedinthehouse

builtbymyfather.Welivedinthehousewhichwasbuiltbymyfather.2)Doyouknowtheboy____________________

(在操場上玩的).3)Thefirsttestbooks__________(write)forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.4)TheOlympicGames,first_______(play)in776B.C,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.playingontheplaygroundwrittenplayed二、作狀語時，分詞的邏輯主語通常是句子主語。如果邏輯主語是分詞動作的執(zhí)行者，就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；如果邏輯主語是分詞動作承受者，就用過去分詞形式。

5)Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,________(準(zhǔn)備）alongspeechforthepresident.6)“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily

________(指著)

tothenotice.preparingpointing7)_________________________(沒有收到回信),

hedecidedtowriteagain.8)__________(跟隨)bysomeofficial,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.9)__________________（給更多的關(guān)注）,thetreecouldgrownbetter.NothavingreceivedareplyFollowedGivenmoreattention但也有特殊情況（1）如果分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語不是同一個人或物時，就要用從名或獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)代替分詞短語作狀語。

Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.Hebeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

（2）如果分詞動作是無人稱的，泛指的，就不需要一個固定的主語，此時分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致。

Generallyspeaking,Carbondioxide(二氧化碳)

shouldbeakindofgas.

Judgingfromwhathesaid,hewasright.I.作定語的現(xiàn)在分詞1.Doyouknowthesmilinggirl?2.Whoistheboystandingoverthere?3.Theylivedinahousefacingthesouth.Doyouknowthegirl

whoissmiling?Whoistheboy

thatisstandingoverthere?Theylivedinahouse

thatfacedsouth.I.作定語的現(xiàn)在分詞4.Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeourlibrary.Thebuilding

whichisbeingbuilt

willbeourlibrary.5.John,wearingadirtycoat,ranuptohismum.John,

whowaswearingadirtycoat,ranuptohismum.II.作定語的過去分詞1.Thisisthecoatboughtlastyear.2.Canyourecognizethemanhurtintheaccident?Thisisthecoat

thatwasboughtlastyear.Canyourecognizetheman

whowashurtintheaccident?III.作狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞1.Readingthestory,henoddedfromtimetotime.(時間)Onhearingthenews,shebegancrying.2.Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendhimthisbook.（原因）CharlesleftFrance,preferringtogiveuphisfortune.Whilehewasreadingthestory,Assoonassheheardthenews,BecauseIdon’tknowhisaddress,,becausehepreferredtogiveuphisfortune.III.作狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞3.Marysatthere,lookingintospacethinking.（伴隨）Iwroteheraletter,thankingforherkindness.（補充）4.Hedied,leavinghissonasmallfortune.（結(jié)果）Shethrewthecuptotheground,breakingitintopieces.5.Workinghard,youaresuretomakeit.（條件）

Turningleft,youwillfindtheschool.Turningleft,youwillfindtheschool.andlookedintospacethinking.andthankedforherkindness.andlefthissonasmallfortune.and

brokeitintopieces.Ifyouworkhard,

Ifyouturnleft,

IV.作狀語?。?！的過去分詞1.Thechildren,wornout,fellasleepatonce.2.Heated,waterchangesintosteam.3.Theprisonerwasbroughtin,followedbytwomen.,becausetheywerewornout,Ifitisheated,andwasfollowedbytwomen.鞏固練習(xí)：

1．（MET'90）Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica．

A．invitedB．toinvitedC．beinginvitedD．hasbeeninvited2．（上海春2003）Unless____tospeak，youshouldremainsilentattheconference．

A．havinginvitedB．invitingC．beinginvitedD.invitedAD3．（上海春2002）When____，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear．A．completedB．completingC．beingcompletedD．tobecompleted4.____theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge.A.TobelieveB.BelievingC.BelievedD.BeingbelievedAB5._____inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.Havewaited C.Havingwaited D.Tohavewaited6."Wecan'tgooutinthisweather,"saidBob,______outofthewindow.A.looking B.tolookC.looked D.havinglookedCA7.Heenteredcollegeattheageoffifteen,______fouryearslaterattheheadofhisclass.A.graduatedB.tohavegraduatedC.graduatingD.tograduate8._______delicious,thenoodles_______bytheoldmansellwell.A.Tasting;makingB.Totaste;madeC.Tasted;madeD.Tasting;madeCD1.My_______(新買的）English-Chinesedictionaryis