人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit4

人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit4人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練必修一Unit4湛江寧舒怡定語(yǔ)從句（I）一、定義：在主從復(fù)合句中，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。本單元要掌握的關(guān)系代詞以下：that,which,who,whom,whose.關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：(1)連接主從句；(2)指代先行詞；(3)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分。二．關(guān)系代詞的用法that指人、指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)常?？墒÷浴hebike(that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.（作賓語(yǔ)）Doyouknowthewomanthattalkedwithyoujustnow.（作主語(yǔ)）2．which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)常?？墒÷?。Chinaisacountrywhichhasthelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.(作主語(yǔ))中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。Thecar(which)myfatherhadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.(作賓語(yǔ))我父親剛買(mǎi)的小汽車(chē)在地震中被損壞了。3．who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)常?？墒÷?。Themanwhoistalkingwithmyfatherismyuncle.(作主語(yǔ))正在與我父親發(fā)言的那個(gè)人是我叔叔。Theprofessorwho(whom/that)youwishtoseehasgoneabroad.(作賓語(yǔ))你希看見(jiàn)到的那位教授出國(guó)了。4．whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?，Heistheman(whom)youarelookingfor.(作賓語(yǔ))他就是你正在搜尋的那個(gè)人。Thewoman(whom)yousawjustnowintheclassroomisourEnglishteacher.(作賓語(yǔ))你剛剛在教室里看見(jiàn)的那位女士是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。5．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。Thisistheboywhosefatherisadoctor.(作定語(yǔ)，指人)這就是那位父親是醫(yī)生的男孩。Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.(作定語(yǔ)，指物)他住在一個(gè)窗子朝南的房間里。三．關(guān)系代詞that與which指物時(shí)用法差異：1/5人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit4（一）只用that不用which的情況1．當(dāng)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代詞或由every,all,any,few,much等修飾時(shí)。HaveyousetdowneverythingthatMrLisaid?李老師講的你都記下來(lái)了嗎？Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都做了。2．當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedGuangzhouwastheBaiYunMountain.在廣州他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是白云山。3．當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高等修飾時(shí)。ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的最難看的電影。4．當(dāng)先行詞被thevery,theonly等詞修飾時(shí)。IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.我已找到昨天丟的那支鋼筆。TheonlysubjectthatIamnotinterestedinismaths.我唯一不感興趣的科目是數(shù)學(xué)。5．當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)。Whoisthemanthatisstandingunderthetree?站在樹(shù)下的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？Whichisthehotelthatyoustayedatlastweek?上周你住的是哪一家酒店？6．當(dāng)先行詞既指人，又指物時(shí)。Theteacheraskedustotalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwesawduringourtrip老師叫我們談一談我們旅途中所看到的人和事。（二）只用which,不用that的情況1）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中指物2）指代前面整個(gè)句子3）關(guān)系詞前有介詞4）一個(gè)句子中含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，已使用一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞that,另一個(gè)則用which四．指人時(shí)只能用who不用that的情況：先行詞為one,ones,those,anyone,he時(shí)Thosewhobreakthelawmustbepunished.違紀(jì)者必然遇各處分。Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。特別提示：當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式要與先行詞形式一致，比方：1.Thosewhohavefinishedworkmaygohome.2.Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.2/5人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit4對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)(原創(chuàng)題）一．填空。在每個(gè)空格上填上一個(gè)合適的關(guān)系詞。Lookatthatboy______nameisMike.Heisateacher_________welikeverymuch.Those_____werelateforschoolstayhereafterclass..Thatisallthemoney______Ihave.Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.6.Youcanreadanybook_____Ihaveintheroom,butyoucan’ttakeanyoutofit.7．Anyonedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.8．OnthetrainIsawalittlegirlwascrying.9．Thisisthemostinterestingmovie__________Ihaveeverseen.10．Thepenyouboughtyesterdayisthesameasmine11.Theapples_________areinthisbasketareasbigasinthatone.12.Theman_________youshookhandswithismybrother.13.Theoldhouse________windowswereallbrokenwasbuiltin1950s.14.Heistheteacher_____________weshouldlearnfrom.15.Iwillneverforgetthekind-heartedman__________gavemealotofhelpwhenIwasintrouble.16.Theradio_____partsaretoosmalltobeseencan’tberepaired.17.Whoisthegirl________issweepingtheflooroverthere?18.Finally,themantoldmeeverything__________heknew.19.Mr.Liispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimandall________youhavetoldhim.20.Doyouliketheskirt________colorisyellow?二．單句改錯(cuò)增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把節(jié)余的詞用橫線（——）劃掉。更正：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出更正后的詞。1．Thehousewhichdoorfacestotheeastismine.2．Childrendowellinschoolarelikedbytheirteachers.3．Thestorythatyoutoldmeitjustnowisinteresting..4．SheisoneoftheteacherswhoknowsJapaneseinourschool.5.ThemancameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.3/5人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit46.Thestudentswhomareplayingfootballontheplaygroundareverystrong.7.Theteacherasksustopayattentiontoeverythingwhichhedoes.8.Thisisthebestmethodwhichhasbeenusedagainstairpollution.9.Shesaidtoherparentsthatshewouldnotmarryanyonethatshedidn’tlove.10.Theboywhoglasseswerebrokenboughtanewpairyesterday.三．依照漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。正站在我傍邊的男孩是李平。Theboy_________________________________isLiPing.我們要趕忙地為那些在地震中房子被毀的人供應(yīng)幫助。Weshouldhelpthose_________________________intheearthquakeassoonaspossible他就是你正在搜尋的那個(gè)人。Heistheman___________________________________________.我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)護(hù)士，她的丈夫是醫(yī)生。Iknowthatnurse___________________________________.廣州是一座有2000多年歷史的大城市。Guangzhouisabigcity__________________________ahistoryofmorethan2000years.他給我講了好多我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)的人和事。Hetoldmemanypersonsandthings__________________________________________.剛剛跟你說(shuō)話的那個(gè)男子是誰(shuí)？Whoistheman______________________________________?住在樓下的那個(gè)老人很好相處。Theoldman___________________________________iseasytogetalongwith.你昨天看中的房子賣(mài)掉了。Thehouse___________________________hasbeensold.他想買(mǎi)一輛顏色是金灰色的小車(chē)。Hewantstobuyacar_________________________isgoldengray.4/5人教版高中英語(yǔ)同步語(yǔ)法精講精練-必修1unit4參照答案一．1.whose2.(who/whom/that)3.who4.(that)5.that6.(that)7.who8.who/that9.(that)10.(that/which)11.that/which12.(who/whom/that)13.whose14.(who/whom/that)15.who/that16.whose17.that18.(that)19.(that)20.whose二1．Thehousewhichdoorfacestotheeastismine.whose2．Children∧dowellinschoolarelikedbytheirteachers.who/that3．Thestorythatyoutoldmeitjustnowisinteresting..4．SheisoneoftheteacherswhoknowsJapaneseinourschool.know5.Theman∧cameyesterdayisourEnglishteacher.who/that6.Thestudentswhoareplayingfootballontheplaygroundisverystrong.are7.Theteacherasksustopayattentiontoeverythingwhichhedoes.that8.Thisisthebestmethodwhichhasbeenusedagainstairpollution.that9.Shesaidtoherparentsthatshewoul