2018屆靜安區(qū)英語高考一模

第頁靜安區(qū)2017學(xué)年第一學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高三英語試卷2018.01考生注意:1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。2.所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或者寫（非選擇題）在答題紙上，做在答題紙上一律不得分。3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號和姓名I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionsyouhaveheard.1.A.AirconditionerB.StoveC.SuitcaseD.Mobilephone2.A.AnurseB.AmanagerC.AflightattendantD.Asecretary3.A.OnthedayofBlackFriday,hehasnothingtodo.B.Hewillbuynothingduringthecomingshoppingday.C.HissalarywillbeincreasedbeforeBlackFriday.D.Hepreferstosavemoneyratherthanspend.4.A.6B.8C.12D.165.A.Peopleshouldcarefullystudyinformationtheygetfromvariousexperts.B.There’snoneedtoturntoexpertsforhealthsuggestions.C.OrdinarypeopleshouldbeinvitedonTVtotalkabouthealthylife.D.Expertshelpalotinpromotinghealthylifestyle.6.A.Theprofessorfailedeveryoneatthetermend.B.Theprofessorcriticizedhimforfailingtheexam.C.TheprofessorthoughthighlyofhimD.Themanfailedthesciencecoursefortheterm7.A.Jennyhasgraduationceremony.B.Theygoforamovie.C.Theyhavefamilydinner.D.Nothinghappens8.A.MedicineB.MathC.HistoryD.Chinese9.A.It’swonderfulinallaspects.B.It’sgoodonthewholewithoneshortcoming.C.It’stotallydisappointingD.It’sofaveragequality10.A.BuyingtheexpensivecakeisfoolishB.Thecakeisworththeprice.C.Thetasteofthecakeismisleading.D.Eatingthecakehurtspeople’sintelligence.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassageandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Childrenlookingforfuturehusbandandwifefortheirparents.B.Childrentryingtoearnweddingfundfortheirparents.C.Childrenmakingplansfortheirparents’weddingdayD.Childrentakingpartintheirparent’sweddingceremony.12.A.WeddingdressB.WeddingstyleC.FoodforweddingD.Honeymoondestination13.A.Thedifficultiesmodernmarriagemeets.B.ThegoodrelationshipbetweenBritishchildrenandparents.C.TheunconventionalweddingsinmodernBritain.D.Thenewmarriageconceptscombinedwithtraditions.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Forhowlongtheeventwilllast.B.Thesiteaddresstopurchasetheeventticket.C.ThepastachievementsthelecturehadmadeD.Thelocationwherethelectureistohappen15.A.Standoutandholdaposterfortheevent.B.Coverothereventadswithyoureventad.C.Rentschoolchanneltointroducetheevent.D.Usemoderncommunicationmediatospreadtheevent16.A.Tipsonadvertisingcampusevents.B.Foodworkwonderstoattractcampuseventattendees.C.TheriseofmodernsocialmediaoncampusD.Challengestoprepareforahigh-qualitycampuseventQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation17.A.AcademicandprofessionalprospectsB.lifeconditionsoncampusC.Tuitionandgeographicadvantages.D.Ranksamongalltheuniversities18.A.Strongprogrambackground.B.Lowlivingexpenses.C.CircleofcontactsoncampusD.Agreeableweather19.A.BecausetheycanhiretalentsfromUCLA.B.BecauseforeigntalentscanbeemployedC.BecausetheircompaniesarenearbeachesD.BecausetheirbossesarefromUCLA20.A.Movingtolivewithhisparents.B.PursuinggraduatestudyatUCLA.C.AcceptingtheofferfromChicagoUniversityD.KeepingcomparingthetwoUniversitiesII.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Today,Mandatory(強(qiáng)制的)recyclingisahardsellintheUnitedStates,wheretheeconomyrunslargelyalongfreemarketlinesandthecurrentlandfillingwasteremainsinexpensiveandefficient.Plainandsimple,recyclingstillcostsmorethanlandfillinginmostplace.Thisfact,(21)_________(couple)withthedisappearanceoftheso-called”landfillcrisis”ofthemid-1990s,meansthatrecyclinghasnotcaughton,whichruns(22)_________someenvironmentalists’wishes.However,manycitieshavefoundwaystorecycleeconomically.Theyhavecutcostsbyautomatingsortingandprocessing.They’realsofoundprofitablemarketsfortherecyclables(可回收物)(23)_________cast-offitemsareacceptableorevenwelcome.Increasedeffortsbygreengroups(24)_________(educate)thepublicaboutthebenefitsofrecyclinghavealsohelped.(25)___________________________uneconomicalrecyclingseemstosomepeople,somecities,suchasPittsburgh,SanDiegoandSeattle,havemaderecyclingmandatory.Inthesecities,recyclablesarebannedfrombothhouseholdandbusinessgarbage.Families(26)_________recycleallbasicrecyclables,suchaspaper,cardboard,glassandplastic.Tobusinesswithgarbagecontainers‘polluted’withmorethan10recyclables,warning(27)_________(issue).Iftheyfailtotakeaction,finesareexpected.NewYork,anationalleaderonrecycling,decidedtostopitsleastcost-effectiverecyclingprograms(plasticandglass)in2002.Butrisinglandfillcostsateupthe$39millionsavingexpected.Asaresult,thecitybroughtbackplasticandglassrecyclingandcommittedtoa20-yearcontractwitharecyclingfirm,HugoNeuCorporation,whichbuiltthe(28)_________(advanced)recyclingfacilityinthecountry.Thecompanyfocuseson(29)_________couldcutcosts.Automationhasstreamlinedthesortingprocess,andeasyaccesstorailhascutboththeenvironmentalandtransportationcosts.Thenewdealandnewfacilityhavemaderecyclingefficientforthecityanditsresidents(30)_________(show)onceandforallthatresponsibly-runrecyclingprogramscanactuallysavemoney,landfillspaceandtheenvironment.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.shamedB.consequentlyC.criticismD.scarceE.authoritiesF.struggledG.originalH.practicalI.luxuryJ.blanketedK.assumeWilliamShakespearecamefromamodeststart,butfinishedlifelivingina(n)____31_____houseinStratford-upon-Avon,withacoatofarmsandseriesofbusinessinvestmentstohisname.SowasWilliamShakespeareabusinessman,aswellasawriter?ResearchershaveuncoveredinformationfromhistoricaldocumentsthatpointtoShakespearebeingagreedybusinessman,anxioustograbeverypennywhosepracticescaused___32____inhislifetime.TheacademicsbelievethatmanyofShakespeare’sdoubtfulbusinessdealingshavebeen_____33___bypeople’sromanticviewofhimasacreativegeniuswhomadehismoneythroughactingandwritingplays.TheideathatShakespearegavetheworldsuchwonderfulnarratives,languageandentertainmentmakesituncomfortabletoeven___34____thathewassimplymotivatedbyhisownthirstforfinancialinterest.Shakespearewasagrainbusinessmanalmostforhislifetime.Heboughtandstoredgrainandthensolditontohisneighborsathighprices.Inthelate16theandearly17thCenturyabadweathergrippedEngland.Thecoldandrainresultedinpoorharvestsand_____35____severelackoffood.Referredtoasthe“LittleIceAge”,theperiodwasthetimewhenthousandsofpeople____36_____forsurvival.Atthattime,Shakespearewasunderinvestigationfortaxevasion(逃避)andlaterchargedwithstoringgrainwhenfoodwas____37_____.OnecouldarguethathedidnotdothiswithoutaconscienceandthatperhapsthisisdemonstratedinthewayheportrayedoneofhisfamouscharacterShylockinhisplaytheMechantofVenice.ManypeopleclaimShylockpersonifiesShakespeare’sownself-hatred,whoiseventually____38____forhisgreedasamoneylenderandallthatheownsisseizedfromhim.Perhapswiththe_____39____pursuingShakespeareforhisevildealingsduringLittleIceAge,Shylock’stragicfatewasarealfearforShakespeare.Shakespeare’s____40____funeralmonumentatHolyTrinityChurchwasabagofgramwhichimpliedthathepridedhimselfonhisroleasagrainbusinessmanaswellasonhiswriting.Itwasnotuntilthe18thcenturythatthebagofgrainwasreplacedbyapillow.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thesights,sounds,andsmellsofthemodernmarketplacearerarelyaccidental.Morelikelytheyaretoolsofanevolvingstrategyofpsychologicalmarketingcalled“sensorymarketing’tocreateanemotionalassociationtoa(n)____41____productorbrand.Byrelatingtopeopleinafarmore___42____waythrougheveryone’sownsenses,sensorymarketingisabletoaffectpeopleinawaythattraditionalmassmarketingcannot.Traditionalmarketingbelievesthatconsumerswillsystematicallyconsider____43__productfactorslikeprice,features,andutility.Sensorymarketing,bycontrast,seekstoresorttotheconsumer’slifeexperiencesandfeelings.Sensorymarketingbelievesthatpeople,theconsumers,willactaccordingtotheiremotionalurgemorethantotheir____44___reasoning.Bythisway,aneffectivesensorymarketingeffortcanresultinconsumerschoosingtobuyalovelybutexpensiveproduct,ratherthanaplainbutcheap____45____.Inthepast,communicationswithcustomersweremainlymonologuescompaniesjust“talkedat”consumers.Thentheyevolvedintodialogues,withcustomersproviding____46_____.Nowthey’rebecomingmultidimensionalconversations,withproductsfindingtheirwonvoicesandconsumersresponding_____47____tothem.Basedontheimpliedmessagesreceivedthroughfivesense,consumers,withoutnoticingthetrendtoapplyhuman-likepersonalitiestobrands,leadingtointimaterelationshipand,hopefulforthebrands,persistent____48____.Andthat’stheverythingbrandsaredyingtofosteringcustomersratherthaninstanttrendorprofits.Andthat’stheverythingbrandsaredyingtofostercustomersratherthaninstanttrendorprofits.Mostbrandsareconsideredtohaveeither“sincere”or“exciting”personalities.“Sincere”brandslikeIBMandBoeingtendtoberegardedasconservativeandrelativewhile“exciting”brandslikeApple,andFerrariareimaginativeand__49______.Ingeneral,theconsumerstendtoform____50___relationshipswithsincerebrandsthanwithexcitingones,thisexplainstherelativelyenduringhistoryofthe“SincereBrands”.Certainly,withtheeyescontainingtwo-thirdsofallthe____51____cellsinaperson’sbody,sightisconsideredthemostimportantofallhumansenses.Sensorymarketingusessighttocreateamemorable“sightexperience”oftheproductforconsumerswhichextendstopackaging,storeinteriors,andprintedadvertisingtoforma(n)___52____imageforthebrand.Inotherwords,noaspectsofaproductdesignisleftto____53__anymore,especiallycolor.Brandacceptanceislinkedcloselywiththeappropriatenessofthecolorsonthebranddoesthecolor______54___theproductatall?Ifnot,customers,thoughnotrealizingitthemselves,will____55____thebrandsinallpossibleways-sales,reputations,etc.Therefore,brands,isn’tittimenowtostudythenewfieldofmarketing?41.A.specific B.qualified C.average D.adequate42.A.economic B.personal C.artificial D.mechanic43.A.obvious B.potential C.accessible D.concrete44.A.imaginable B.objective C.psychological D.gradual45.A.alternative B.reward C.sample D.exhibit46.A.compliment B.fund C.prospect D.feedback47.A.temporarily B.subconsciously C.occasionally D.attentively48.A.loyalty B.philosophy C.endurance D.regulation49.A.mild B.daring C.steady D.classic50.A.far-fetched B.hard-won C.long-lasting D.easy-going51.A.individual B.sensory C.present D.general52.A.overall B.ambitious C.dramatic D.additional53.A.chance B.maintenance C.progress D.leadership54.A.accept B.overlook C.fit D.treat55.A.shape B.punish C.signify D.exploitSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Overcomingextremecold,crueliceandpeopledismissinghimasmad,SlovenianDavoKamicarbecamethefirstpersontoskinon-stopdownMountEverest.Afteradramaticfalloveralmostsheercliffsofsnow,stonesandice,38-year-oldKamicaremergedinhisbasecampafterfivehoursofskiing.“Ifeelonlyabsolutehappinessandabsolutetiredness,”hesaid.Atonestagehehadtospeedoverstretchesoficethatcollapsedandbrokeunderneathhimandcouldhavesenthimfallingintothedeepcrevasses(裂縫)thatdotthemountain.Thedescent(下落)hadbeenbymanyasinsanelydangerous.TheDarwinAwardswebsite,whichdocumentsdeathswhicharefoolhardy,urgedpeopletologontoInternetbroadcastsoftheattempt.“KeepyoureyespeeledforaliveDarwinAward,“itsaid.However,theonlybodytomakethenewswasthecorpse(尸體)ofanknownmountaineerwhichKamicarzippedpastashedescended,oneofanestimated120corpses,thoughttolittertheslopes.“Thismountainisalwaysfullofsurprise.Seeingadeadmanouttherewasareallyshockingexperience,”hesaid.Thankstostrategicallyplacedcamerasonthemountainandoneattachedtohissafetyhelmet,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewitnessedhisdescentontheInternet,whichwasoneoftherecordhighsever.Duringtherunmorethan650,000hitswereregisteredonhisexpeditionwebsitejammingitforatimeasotherstriedtoaccessthesite.WeatherconditionsweresoseverethatKamicarhadtoabandonplanstorestonthesummitbeforeattemptingtodescend.Instead,sufferingfromfatigue,assoonashereachedthetopheputonhisskisandflunghimselfbackdownthemountain.DealingwiththemountainhadalreadycostKamicartwofingerswhenapreviousfailedattemptsawhimgetfrostbiteasafiercestormlashedthepeak.KamicarcomesfromaskiingfamilyandtookpartinhisfirstHimalayanskiingexpeditionin1989.Sincethen,hehasbeentirelessinraisingfundsandsponsorshipformoreexpeditions,withEverestasthepermanentgoal.56.DavoKamicarmadehistoryby___________.A.skiingdownMountEverestwithoutrest.B.descendingMountEverestwithintheshortesttimeeverC.attractinglargestnumberofaudienceonlineforhisdescent.D.becomingthefirsttofilmhisdescentdownMountEverest57.Theunderlinedwordfoolhardyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.A.suddenandhardtoacceptB.takingunnecessaryrisksC.attractingpublicattentionD.workinghardtofoolothers58.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE/A.Kamicarsawabout120deadbodieslitteringtheslope.B.Thebroadcastofhisdescentonlinewascancelledbecauseofthewebsitejam.C.Kamicar’sfamilyhadatraditiontoconquerMountEverest.D.ThiswasnotKamicar’sfirstattemptonMountEverest.59.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.MadmanskisdownEverestB.DarwinAwardforDavoKamicarC.ExtremesportsheroslidestoarecordD.BodyofmountaineerfoundonEverest(B)Herearethetopsummervacationlodgesinthenation!OutofLakeWobegon;FairHillsResortWithsandcastlecontests,Swedishbuffetnight,andfamilybingo,thisclassicnorthernMinnesotalodgeisrightoutofGarrisonKeillor’sLakeWobegon.Familiescanchoosefromacollectionofactivitiessuitableforbothadultsandkidsvolleyball,tennis,sailing,swimming-lazebythelake,orrehearsefortheirstarturnattheweeklytalentshow.Thefamily–runresortisproudofitsmyriad“l(fā)ifers”,guestswho’vebeenvacationingheresincetheywerekids.Thisyear,tenofthemwillcelebratetheir50thyearlyvisit.NorthernCalifornia,Unplugged;GrayEagleLodgeOncetheyfindGrayEagleLodgeoffatwo-laneroad,mostguestshavenousefortheircars.Daysherearespentonfoot,hikingtoalpinelakesintheSierrasorgoingforadipintheswimmingholefedbya15-footwaterfall.“Therearenoofficiallyplannedactivities,”explainsTracyMorris,whohastakenherchildrenhereforyear,”unlessyoucounttheget-togethersspecificallyarrangedforkidswhohavenevermetbeforebuthavebecomefastfriendsandenjoyfuntogether.”AuthenticAdirondacks;TheHedgesForrecentyearsimprovementshavebeenmade—includingupgradingtheplumbingtoaccommodatemoreguest,answeringtothemaincomplaintsinthepastaboutitspoorcapacity.ThecurrentownershaverestoredthecamptoitsoriginalAdirondack-styleglory.Thoughtastelesstotheyoungeragegroups,thestyleearnedthelodgeaspotontheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesGreatLakeLodge;TheInnatWatervaleBuiltasaboardingschoolin1892,thislodgebecameasummerretreatin1971.Today,theownerofthelodgeproudlypromotestheresort’slackofTV,Wi-Fi,anddecentcellphonecoverage,whichmakesitperfectforrecluses(隱士).Insteadofstickingwiththeirsmartphones,parentsandchildrenbothfindtheirrelationshipgreatlyimprovedthroughhikingthe300-foot-highOldBaldydune,combingthebeachforfossils,andsavoringthesunsetsoverthelaketogether.60.Whichlodgeisnotveryattractiveforkids?A.FairHillsResortB.GrayEagleLodgeC.TheHedgesD.TheInnatWatervale61.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.FairHillsResortspecializesinservingyoungvacationerswithvarietiesofactivities.B.TheHedgeusedtobecriticizedforfailingtoservelargenumberofcustomers.C.LakeofmoderncommunicationtoolsatTheInnatWatervalewasduetopoorfacilityconditionsD.CarsarebannedfromGrayEagleLodge62.Thepassagewillmostprobablyappear_______.A.onaweddingmagazineaboutfindingapermanentresidence.B.inaUN’sreportaboutfamilyrelationshipC.onafinancialmagazineanalyzingtheprospectsoftouristindustryD.onawebsitesellingpackagetours(C)It’snotanurbanlegend:crimeratesdoinfactinthesummerintheU.S.Astudyfoundthat,withtheexceptionofrobberyandautotheft,ratesofallviolentandpropertycrimesarehigherduringthesummerthanduringothermonths.Thestudyexamineddatacollectedduring8years,whichincludedviolentandpropertycrimesthatdidnotresultindeath,bothreportedandnotreportedtothepolice.Thedatashowthat,thoughthenationalcrimeratedroppedby70percentduringrecentyears,seasonalspikesinsummerremain.Insomecasesthosespikesare12percenthigherthanratesduringseasonsinwhichthelowsoccur.Thephenomenonconfusesmanycriminologists,andtheywonderwhy.Somereasonthatincreasedtemperatures,whichdrivemanyoutofdoorsandleavewindowsopenintheirhomes,raisetheamountoftimewhenhomesareleftempty.Otherspointtotheeffectofstudentsonsummervacationwhoareotherwiseoccupiedwithschoolingduringotherseason,whilesomearguethatsufferingheat-induceddiscomfortsimplymakespeoplemoreaggressiveandlikelytoactout.Althoughtheseelementspossesscertainpersuasivepower,theirrationalityiscalledintoquestionwhencasesinwinterareputonthemap.Whyaren’ttheratesinwinterfallingifheatrelatedfactorsaretoblameforthesummerspike?Contrarily,themattershouldbeviewedfromsocialandeconomicanglesratherthanonsolarterms.Numerousstudieshaveshownthatratesofcriminalbehavioramongyoungadultsdropwhentheircommunitiesprovidethemwithotherwaystospendtheirtimeandearnmoney.ThiswasfoundtobetrueinLosAngeles,wheregangactivitywasreducedwhencommunitycentersforteenswerethrivingandactive.Andgenerallyspeaking,theconnectionbetweeneconomicinequalityandcrimeisrobustlydocumentedfortheU.S.Andwhysummerseesaworsesituation?It’sprobablybecauseit’sevenharderforyoungstertolandjobsthatprovideforlifenecessities.Soifofficialswanttoaddressthesummerspikeincrime,theymayactdifferentlyinsteadofaimingstraightatcrimes.Simplyupgradingsecurityandseverelypunishingoffencesalmostproducevoideffects.Instead,beopentovariousoptionsandtheywillfindthatdevelopmentofjobhuntingagenciesorcommunityprofessionaltrainingcentersareaccompanyingthedropofcrimeratewithoutseasonalexceptions.Afterall,breadalwayscomesfirstforeveryone.63.Whatpuzzlesscholarsstudyingcrimes?A.Theratesofrobberyandautotheftarelowerthanotherviolentandpropertycrimesinsummer.B.Theratesofcrimesresultingindeathareaboutthesameinallseasons.C.Thecrimeratesnotreportedtothepolicearemuchhigherduringsummer.D.Crimeratesinsummerarehigherthanthoseofotherseasons.64.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthekeyreasonfortheseasonalspikeofcrimerates?A.Increasedtemperaturelefthouseseasierforattacks.B.Thehotenvironmentmakespeoplemorelikelytobeangered.C.Youngstersfindithardtoreleaseenergiesatschool.D.People’seconomicneedsarenotsatisfiedbythesociety.65.Whatcanbedonetofightseasonalriseofcrimes?A.Lengthentheschooltimetoholdstudentsinschoolduringsummer.B.Enhancethesafetymechanismduringthesummer.C.Takemeasuretoencourageyouthemployment.D.Frightenwould-becriminalsthroughharshpunishments.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Solartermsareresponsibleforthesummercrimespike.B.Crimeratesinsummerfallby58percentintheU.SC.LAcriminalactivitiesfallbecauseofpositivecommunityprograms.D.Thecrimesratesinwinterarelowduetolowmobilityintheseason.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Theinfluenceiswitnessedfortheoppositegenderaswell.B.Awarenessforhealthisgivendueattentionamongdifferentagegroups.C.Africahasgreatlyincreasedwaysofbroadcasting.D.Butsolidacademicresearchwaslackingforquitealongtime.E.Yettryingtoinfluencethelocalscanbedebatable.F.Butotherorganizationshaveincreasinglyfollowedsuit.Intheradiodrams“NauemTaim”airedinPapuaNewGuinea,awindowedfathertakesupdynamite(炸藥)fishingprofitablebutdisastrousforthereef.Thenhemeetsadashingmarinescientistwhowarnshimoff.Theideaisthatbytheendofthedrama,bothheandthelistenerswillgiveupdynamiteforsustainablefishing.Theshow’sproducer,thePopulationMediaCenter(PMC)inVermont,hasbeenapioneerofprogrammeswiththegoaloffosteringdevelopment._____67____InVietnamKhatVongSongusesradiodramatoteachitslistenersaboutdomesticviolence.InKenyaMediaepromotecivilrightswithatelevisionsoapcalled“MakutanoJunction”.Evidencethatradioandtelevisionsoapscanchangebehaviorwasfirstspottedinthe1970s.______68____Abouttwentyyearslater,economistsattheInter-AmericanDevelopmentBank,foundthatBraziliansreceivingGlobo,atelevisionnetworkpromotingmodernfamilyconcept,hadfewerchildren.Anotherfollow—upstudydiscoveredthat,ascabletelevisionspread,thebirthrateincertainruralareadropped.Somearguethattheinfluencewasbecausecouchpotatoeswerelesslikelytomakebabies.ButresearchinEthiopiashowedthatdramascanhaveadirecteffect.Inquiriesaboutwaystoreducebirthratesroseby157%amongmarriedwomenwholistenedtothesoapoperas“YekenKignet”and“Dhimbibba”.___69______MalelistenerssoughttestsforHIV/AIDSfourtimesasmuchasmalenon-listeners.“Theresultsarethebestwhenpeopleidentifywithcharacters,”saysBettyOalaofthePMC.Thisiswhytheorganizationdoesextensiveresearch,takesonlocalwritersandusesnativelanguages.Notonlyaresoapseffective,buttheyarealsocheap.RadioprogrammescancoastaslittleasthreecentstoreachalistenerinAfrica._____70_________.Althoughproducersdonothidetheirpurposesmanyscholarthinkthattherecouldbeafightovermoralsandthearmfulresultsofsoapdramas.Adropinbirthratesmayseemlikegoodnewstoawomanactivist,buthadtoareligiousworker.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Formanywell-educatedtravelers,buyingacopyofLonelyPlanetisthefirsttaskbeforetakingavacationabroad.Foundedin1973,LonelyPlanetisthebiggestguidebookseriesinmanycountries.It’spublishedin11languageincludingChinese.ButwhentheBBCconfirmedonMarch19thatithadsoldtheentireLonelyPlanetseriestoaUSbillionaireatasignificantdeficit(赤字),manycommentedthatthedealsangsongfortheprintedguidebook.TheriseoftheInternetandtheprevalenceofsmartphoneshavebe