公共英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力考試四級(jí)日常訓(xùn)練

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WorldHealthDayRaisesAwarenessofDeadliestCondition

OnaneveningatDakarbeachinSenegal,thesandsarepackedwithpeopleexercising.

ArecentWorldHealthOrganizationreportindicatedthatoneoutofeightSenegalesewomenagedover20areobese-andsufferfromrelateddiseaseslikehighbloodpressure.

MamatyNdiayesayssheistryingtopersuadeherfamilytostartgettingmoreactive.

Shesaystheyhavediabetesandhighbloodpressure.Shesayssheadvisesthemtowalkandtoexercisealittlemore.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasproducedahard-hittingvideoaspartofitscampaigntoraiseawarenessofthedangers.Itsaysmorethanoneinthreeadultsworldwidehashighbloodpressure.Insomelow-incomeAfricancountriesprevalenceisashighas40percent.

ProfessorMajidEzzatiisChairinGlobalEnvironmentalHealthatImperialCollegeLondon.

"Saltisperhapsthemostimportantdietarydeterminantofhighbloodpressure,saidEzzati.Andthatsactuallysomethingthatisculturallyandgeographicallydriven.Andmanyhighincomecountrieshavesuccessfullyremovedsaltfrompreparedandpackagedfood.'

Ezzatisayshighbloodpressureputsahugeburdenonpeopleandsocieties.

"Itistheleadingriskfactorformortalityandfordiseaseburdenworldwide,hesaid.Itisassociatedobviouslywithcardiovasculardiseases,largeeffectsonstrokeswhichareverycommonthroughoutAsia,onheartdiseaseandothercardiovasculardiseases.'

Inremoteareas,doctorssayoneofthebiggestproblemsisaccessinghealthcare.Soateamofmedicshasdevelopedasolar-poweredbloodpressuremonitor,hopingtotransformdiagnosisandtreatment.AndrewShennan,ProfessorofObstetricsatKingsCollegeLondonisamongthedesigners.

"WewentintoruralareasinTanzania,inZambia,inZimbabwe,andwegaveittoclinicsthatpreviouslyhadntevenhadbloodpressuremeasurement,saidShennan.Wewantedtoknowwhetherthepeoplewoulduseitandwhetheritwouldresultinpeopleaccessingthemoresophisticatedcareinthecentralhospitals.Andactuallyitdidexactlythat.'

Themonitorswereoriginallydevelopedtodiagnosehighbloodpressureinpregnantwomen.ButShennansaysitcouldbeadaptedforanypopulation.

"Althoughthisisaverycheapdevicewhichweplantosellforunder20euros[$26],itisasaccurateasthe10,000pounds[$15,000]machinesthatIuseontheintensivecareunit,hesaid.

TogoisanotherAfricancountrybattlingthegrowingproblemofhighbloodpressure.DoctorEdemGoeh-AkueisacardiologistatLomUniversityHospitalinTogo.

Arterialhighbloodpressure,asmanyliketosay,isasilentkiller,saidGoeh-Akue.Itsadiseasethatwedonttalkaboutitveryoften,butitsadiseasewhichkills.Youcansayitkillsmorep