初中賓語從句

TheObjectClause賓語從句

1整理課件什么是賓語？1.Heusuallyplays

basketball

afterschool.2.Idon’tknow

whattodonext.3.Shewanted

togotocollage.4.Wethink(that)MrWangwillteachusEnglish.5.Theyaskedmeif

Ihadfinishedmyhomework.6.Doyouknowwheretheyplayedfootballyesterday?2整理課件一、賓語從句的概念

在復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)主句的賓語的從句就叫作賓語從句二、賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序時態(tài)3整理課件1.引導(dǎo)詞：取決于從句的語氣1.從句是陳述語氣時，引導(dǎo)詞用that.2.從句是一般疑問語氣時，引導(dǎo)詞用if或

whether.3.從句是特殊疑問語氣時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞。e.g:I'mafraidthatyouareright.Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ididn'thearwhathewantedmetodo.DoyouknowwhosebagIamcarrying?HeaskedmeifItaughtEnglish.4整理課件由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)____________________________.（一小時后他會回來）Hesaid(that)__________________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)______________________________________.（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmoves(goes)aroundthesun5整理課件由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1.Heasked

.(誰能回答這個問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________?（他們在等誰）3.Heasked________________________________.（誰的書法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme_________________________.

我們什么時候開會）5.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）6.Couldyoutellme__________________________?

（我該怎么去車站）7.Wouldyoutellme__________________?（為什么火車遲到了）

whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclasswhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate6整理課件由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_________________________________.

（他是否跟我們一起去公園）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot1、當(dāng)句末為ornot時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.2、在不定式前，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.例如：Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.7整理課件2.語序：賓語從句的語序要用陳述句的語序1).MissLiwantstoknowwheremyunclewillstaynextweek.2).Doyouknowifhewilljoinus?3).Hewantstoknowwhattimeitis.8整理課件

e.g

:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangetto

theScienceMuseum?

Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.

PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.

請注意觀察紅色字體的語序9整理課件3、主.從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以用任何時態(tài)。2.主句是一般過去時,從句用過去范疇的時態(tài)。3.主句是一般過去時，但從句表達的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g:Hesaysthathe

isreading

abooknow.

Hesaidthathe

wouldwork

hard.

Theysaidthey

hadbeento

France.Thestudentsaskedmeiftheearth

goesaroundthesun.10整理課件時態(tài)：11整理課件

具體的時態(tài)的變化

1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。

e.g

Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.

Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.

Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.

12整理課件

2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。

e.g

Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.

3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

e.g

Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Theteachertoldthestudentsthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.

13整理課件

標(biāo)點符號：

賓語從句末尾的標(biāo)點符號由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時用句號；而主句是疑問句時，句末則用問號。

e.g

Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?

Pleasetellmewhichcolouryoulikebest.

Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?

4、賓語從句的標(biāo)點符號14整理課件

5、賓語從句的否定形式：

一般而言，賓語從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語動詞是

think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose等表示“認為，猜想”的詞時，一般要把賓語從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。

e.g

Idon’tthinkit’sgoingtorain.Idon’tbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.

但是，如果主句中的謂語動詞是hope，則不適用于此規(guī)則。

e.g

Ihopehewon’tcome.15整理課件6、賓語從句與直接引語變間接引語的關(guān)系。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語之后通常都構(gòu)成一個賓語從句。因此我們要掌握好賓語從句的用法必須也要熟悉直接引語變間接引語的規(guī)則。16整理課件DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech引語的概念直接引述別人的原話，叫____________;直接引語用自己的話把別人的話陳述出來，叫_________。間接引語直接引語通常都用____________括起來，引號“”間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構(gòu)成一個________。賓語從句17整理課件DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”Shesaid,“IhavenevermetanAmerican.”Shesaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.”Shesaidthatshelikedsinging.Shesaidthatshewaswaitingforabus.ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.ShesaidshehadnevermetanAmerican.Shesaidthatshewouldseemethenextweek.18整理課件SUMMARY

直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時用連詞that（可省略）引導(dǎo)賓語從句.從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等相應(yīng)變化.19整理課件１、人稱的變化一隨主二隨賓第三人稱不變引號內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后人稱不變Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新20整理課件直接引語

間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時

一般過去時

現(xiàn)在進行時

過去進行時一般過去時

過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時

過去完成時一般將來時

過去將來時Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.注:直引若是客觀真理,變?yōu)殚g引時,時態(tài)不變.時態(tài)變化221整理課件

直接引語

間接引語指示代詞

時間狀語地點狀語方向性動詞

this,

that,

these

those

now,

then,

today

thatdaythisweek

thatweekyesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek

theweekbefore

fourdaysago

fourdaysbefore

thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore

tomorrowthenext/followingdaynextmonth

thenext/followingmonthhere

therecome,

go,bringtake

情態(tài)動詞

can,may,must

could,might,hadto22整理課件

（2011，北京）1.—Doyouknow______tomorrow?—At8o’clock.A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome（2010，北京）2.—Doyouknow_____theCapitalMuseum?----NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited(2009，北京）3.—Canyoutellme_______?A.whereLindawasB.whereisLindaC.wherewasLindaD.whereLindais(2008，北京）4.—Doyouknow______forShanghailastnight?—At9:00.A.whattimeheleavesB.whattimedoesheleaveC.whattimeheleftD.whattimedidheleave

Let'shaveatry!DBDC23整理課件練一練：單項選擇（）1.Pleasetellme______.Ihavesomegoodnewsforhim.A.whereRobertlivesB.wheredoesRobertliveC.whereRobertlivedD.wheredidRobertlive（2008重慶市）（）2.—Wedon’tknow______．—ItissaidthathewasborninCanada．A．whatheisB．whenhewasbornC．wherehecomesfromD．ifheliveshere（2008廣東汕頭）（）3.—MayIcomein?I’msorryIamlate.—Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme______?A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthenC.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucametoschool（2008河南省）ＡＣＡ24整理課件（）4.Couldyoutellme________?A.WhenwillMarycomebackB.WhenMarycomesbackC.WhenMarywillcomeback（2008青海?。ǎ?.—Whatdidyousayjustnow?（2008四川資陽）

—Iasked_______.A.thatIcouldopenthedoorB.couldIopenthedoorC.howcouldIopenthedoorD.howIcouldopenthedoor（）6.—Doyouknow________,Mike?（2008山西?。狾nMay12th,2008A.whentheearthquaketookplaceinWenChuanB.whendidtheearthquaketakeplaceinWenChuanC.whentheearthquakewilltakeplaceinWenChuanＣＤＡ25整理課件Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey________________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_____________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_____________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeen26整理課件6.Heaskedwhatthey_______________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_____________abouttherelayrace(接力賽）now.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)travelsaretalkingwereweredoing27整理課件10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth__________(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho____________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Our