初中英語中考復(fù)習(xí) 05-晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測

05晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測（一）詞匯晨讀入心1.ableadj.能夠……的；有能力的；能干的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：beabletodosth.能做某事用法：beableto與can的區(qū)別：can只有現(xiàn)在式(can)和過去式(could)兩種形式，而beableto可有各種時態(tài)。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：abilityn.能力反義詞：unableadj.不會的，無能的（2019，北京卷，閱讀A）Itwasalifetimeexperience.IwasabletoexperienceChineselivingandculture.2.abroadadv.在國外；到國外關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：studyabroad海外留學(xué)；workabroad在（到）國外工作同義詞：overseasadv.在國外，在海外adj.海外的，國外的（2019，山東卷，閱讀表達）Alotofpeople,usuallyagedbetween20and30,areleavingthecountrytoworkabroad.3.absentadj.缺席的，不在的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：beabsentfrom…缺席……；beabsent-minded心不在焉詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：absencen.缺席，不在（2019，河南卷，單項選擇）26.—What’sthematterwithTom?Hehasbeenabsentfortwodays.—Oh!Hebeill.Let’sgoandaskMs.Brown.A.can B.need C.may D.would4.accentn.口音，音調(diào)關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：Britishaccent英式口音；Americanaccent美式口音；localaccent鄉(xiāng)音，方言（2019，浙江卷，完形）Itscool!MysisterlovestheBritishaccent.(口音).5.acceptv.接受；認可accept和receive的區(qū)別：receive:收到（表客觀）；accept：接受（表主觀）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：acceptableadj.可接受的；acceptancen.接受，認可（2019，北京卷，單項填空）11.MyadviceonhowtosavepaperbymyclasslastMonday.A.accepts B.accepted C.wasaccepted D.isaccepted6.accidentn.（交通）事故；意外關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：trafficaccident交通事故；byaccident=bychance偶然詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：accidentaladj.意外的，偶然的；accidentallyadv.意外地（2019，浙江卷，閱讀B）Toavoidaccidents,sometrampolineshave8safetynetaroundthem.7.achievevt.取得；獲得；實現(xiàn)；成功vi.達到預(yù)期的目的，實現(xiàn)預(yù)期的結(jié)果關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：achievesuccess取得成功詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：achievementn.成就（2019，山東卷，詞匯運用）49.Peoplewholearn________(明智地)andwellwillachievetheirdreamsmoreeasily.8.actvt.行動；表演關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：actas擔(dān)當(dāng)，充當(dāng)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：actionn.動作，行動；activeadj.積極的，主動的；activelyadv.積極地；activityn.活動22.Onwhichdayaretheretwodifferentactivities?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday. D.Thursday.（2019，山東卷，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）68.Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%ofthemaredyingout.Ifno_________istaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.(act)9.addvi.加；增加；加起來；做加法vt.增加，添加；補充說；計算…總和關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：add…to…把……加到……上熟詞生義：接著說，補充說。例如：“Anddon'tbelate,”sheadded.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：additionn.增加，添加物：inadditionto…除……之外（2019，浙江卷，單項填空）1.-Peter,shallwegoforapicnicthisSunday?-OK.Let'sadditto_____________weekendplan.A.a B.an C.the D.／10.advantagen.優(yōu)點；有利條件關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：takeadvantageof利用反義詞：disadvantagen.缺點；不利條件（2019，浙江卷，閱讀B）Actually,trampolininghasmanyadvantages.11.advertisementn.廣告關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：TVadvertisement電視廣告詞形變換：advertisev.做廣告，宣傳（2019，河北卷，任務(wù)型閱讀）Advertisementsaremadetomakepeoplefeelcertainthattheyaretrue,andthenpeoplecanbuytheproducts.12.advicen.勸告；建議；忠告用法：屬于不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一條建議”要用apieceofadvice關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：givesb.someadviceonsth就……給某人提建議；take/followone’sadvice采納某人的建議詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：advise（美式）v.勸告，建議：advisesb.(not)todosth.勸某人（不要）做……同義詞：suggestionn.建議（可數(shù)名詞）（2019，浙江卷，完形）Theadviceshegavewasso____18____,andIhadhearditamilliontimes.18.A.funny B.simple C.useful D.different13.affordvt.買得起；承擔(dān)得起（后果）關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：affordtodosth.有經(jīng)濟能力做某事用法：后面可接名詞，代詞或todosth.；常與can,could,beableto連用；通常用于否定句或問句中。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：affordableadj.負擔(dān)得起的（2019，北京卷，閱讀D）IntheAgricultural（農(nóng)業(yè)的）Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills14.afraidadj.害怕的；畏懼的；擔(dān)心的用法：beafraidtodo…害怕做……；beafraidof(doing)sth.擔(dān)心（做）……；beafraid+從句（2019，山東卷，閱讀C）Thekingfeltafraid.“Fairy,”heshouted,“takeawaythis47gift!”15.againstprep.對著；反對eq\o\ac(○,1)對著，倚靠：againstthewall靠著墻eq\o\ac(○,2)反對，對抗：beagainststh.反對……；fightagainst同……作戰(zhàn)（斗爭）；playagainst與……對賽eq\o\ac(○,3)對……不利：Shehassaidnothingagainstyou.她并沒有說任何對你不利的話。（2019，江蘇卷，完形）WhyisSongHeLousospecial___14___hundredsofrestaurants?14.A.between B.against C.among D.beyond16.agreevt.同意；贊成；承認vi.同意；意見一致用法：agreewithsb./sth.贊成（同意）……；agree+從句詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：agreementn.協(xié)議，同意，一致反義詞：disagreev.不同意（2019，江蘇卷，單項填空）4.-Somepeopledon'tshowtheirtalentsattheverybeginning.-Iagree.EvenEinstein____________readuntilhewasseven.A.can't B.mustn't C.couldn't D.needn't17.aliveadj.活著的；有生氣的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：keep…alive使……活著alive與lively的區(qū)別：alive指的是“有生命的，活著的”，一般被放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面；而lively指的是“活潑的，有活力的，栩栩如生的”，一般被放在所修飾名詞或代詞的前面。（2019，江蘇卷，單項填空）6.Loveyourparents__________theyarealive.Don'twaituntilitistoolate.A.while B.though C.because D.unless18.allowv.允許；準(zhǔn)許關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：allowsb.todo…允許某人做；allowdoing…允許做……詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：allowancen.津貼；允許（2019年，浙江卷，單項填空）6.Wedon’tallowtakingmagazinesout,butyou_________copythearticleyouneedonthemachineoverthere.A.can B.must C.should D.would19.aloneadv.獨自，單獨；adj.單獨的，獨自的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：goalone單獨去，一個人去；leavesb.alone.不管，不打擾，讓某人一個人呆著alone和lonely的區(qū)別：eq\o\ac(○,1)alone通常用作副詞，充當(dāng)狀語，也可以用作形容詞；lonely只能用作形容詞。eq\o\ac(○,2)alone是指行為或動作上的，意為單獨，獨自；lonely是指心靈上的，意為寂寞，孤獨。（2019年，浙江卷，完形）Iwishshewouldleaveusalone.Wewereinthesamesummerschoolandnowshethinkswe'rebestfriends.20.angryadj.生氣的；憤怒的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：angrywithsb.生某人的氣；angryaboutsth.因……生氣；angryat對……發(fā)怒（生氣）詞性變化：angrilyadv.生氣地，憤怒地；angern.怒氣，憤怒（2019年，山東卷，動詞應(yīng)用）LiuwasangrybecauseRanrefused70(stop)thebusaftershemissedherstation.21.answern.答案；v.回答用法：表示“……的答案”要用介詞to，即theanswertosth.（2019年，江蘇卷，完形）However,I'vefoundthe___12___tothisquestion.12.A.attention B.excuse C.answer D.distance22.anypron.（無論）哪一個，任何，任一；adj.（用于疑問句、否定句）任何的，一些eq\o\ac(○,1)與any相關(guān)的復(fù)合不定代詞：anybody/anyone任何人；anything任何事eq\o\ac(○,2)與any相關(guān)的復(fù)合不定副詞：anyway無論如何，不管怎樣；anywhere在任何地方（2019年，江蘇卷，單項填空）3.-Keepquiet!Ineedcomplete__________whenI'mworking.-Sorry,dad.Iwon'tmakeanynoiseagain.A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength（2019年，江蘇卷，單項填空）10.-Simon,wheredoyouwanttoeat?-_______________.Ieatanything.A.Idon'tmind B.MyPleasure C.Goodidea D.Certainlynot23.appearvi.出現(xiàn)；顯得；似乎eq\o\ac(○,1)表示“出現(xiàn)”時，為及物動詞，后面不接賓語，也不能用于被動語態(tài)；eq\o\ac(○,2)表示“顯得，看起來；似乎，好像”時，為系動詞，后可接名詞、形容詞、todo作表語；eq\o\ac(○,3)itappears+that從句：表示“看來……，似乎……”。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：appearancen.出現(xiàn)，來到；外貌，面貌反義詞：disappearv.消失（2019年，浙江卷，閱讀C）Theradiotelescopethusappeared,anditisconsideredoneofthegreatestinventionsinthetwentiethcentury.24.arrivevi.到達用法：arriveat/in（小地方用at，大地方用）=getto（后接home,here,there時,省to）=reach詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：arrivaln.到達，來到（2019年，江蘇卷，詞匯檢測）42.MissZhang____________（訂購）adressonlinetwoweeksago,butithasn'tarrivedyet.25.articaln.文章；東西；冠詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：writeanarticle寫一篇文章用法：可以用來作名詞的計量單位，例如：anarticleofclothes一件衣服（2019年，浙江卷，完形）6.Wedon’tallowtakingmagazinesout,butyou____________copythearticleyouneedonthemachineoverthere.A.can B.must C.should D.would26.asleepadj.睡著的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：fallasleep入睡，睡著asleep和sleepy的區(qū)別：asleep表示“睡著了”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)；sleepy表示“想睡的，困倦的”，實際上并沒有睡。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：sleepv.睡覺（2019年，浙江卷，單項填空）5.Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe____________fellasleepinbedafterlyingdown.A.recently B.suddenly C.frequently D.immediately27.attentionn.注意；關(guān)注關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：giveone’s/payattentionto(doing)sth.注意……；draw/attractone’sattention引起某人的注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：attendv.出席；照料，照顧（2019年，北京卷，閱讀C）Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience-towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.28.availableadj.可用的，可獲得的；有空的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：beavailablefor/tosb.對……可用，對……開放。例如：Theschoollibraryisavailableforeverystudent.學(xué)校圖書館對所有學(xué)生開放。反義詞：unavailableadj.不可用的；沒空的（2019年，湖南卷，閱讀）42．Fromthemenuabove,weknowthat_______.A．breadandbuttergoeswithstartersB．therearefourkindsofdifferenticecreamC．thedessertsareavailableforbothlunchanddinner29.avoidvt.避免；避開，躲避；消除關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：avoidsth/doingsth.避免(做)……（2019年，山東卷，動詞應(yīng)用）We73(stand)upandstopsuchfightsbetweenpassengersanddrivers74(avoid)thiskindoftragedy.30.awakev.喚醒；adj.醒著的詞形變化：過去式awoke，過去分詞awoken關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：stayawake保持醒著的，保持清醒；awakefrom從……中醒來與wake的區(qū)別：eq\o\ac(○,1)wake只能作動詞，通?？梢越觰p；awake可做動詞，通常不接up，awake也可作形容詞。eq\o\ac(○,2)作動詞時，awake可用于本意表示“醒來，弄醒”，但更多用于比喻意義表示“認識到”、“意識到”；wake(up)更多用于本意，也可以用于比喻意義。（2019年，山東卷，閱讀）Whentheygotthere,thebusdriverwasawakeandsittingup,butnotspeaking.（二）暮省練習(xí)鞏固一.寫出這些單詞的漢語意義。

1.able__________2.accident_________3.against____________

4.allow_________5.alone__________6.already___________

7.amazing_________8.anyone_______9.anywhere________

10.area____________11.argue_____________12.Asian__________

13.asleep__________14.Australian___________15.autumn_______

16.awake___________

二.按要求寫出下列詞匯的變化形式

1.accident(復(fù)數(shù))____________

2.area(復(fù)數(shù))________3.allow(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)_________、（現(xiàn)在分詞）________、

（過去式）_________、（過去分詞）________

4.argue(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)_________、（現(xiàn)在分詞）________、

（過去式）_________、（過去分詞）________

5.Asian(名詞形式)________

6.awake(動詞形式)_________

7.asleep（動詞形式）_______

8.Australian(名詞形式)____________

三.根據(jù)句意，用所給詞匯的正確形式填空。

1.Tomwas______(able)torideabikewhenhewasfiveyearsold.

2.Thereweremanytraffic_________(accident)ontheroadbecauseofheavysnow.

3.Theywillplay_______(against)afootballteamfromNo.2MiddleSchoolnextFriday.

4.Youarenever__________(allow)tothrowlitteranywhereinthecity.

5.----Ihave_______(already)finishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?

----No,not______(already).

6.Whilethealienwasinthemuseum,IcalledtheTVstation.Isn’tthat______(amaze)!

7.---Isthere_______(someone)overtherenow,Tom?

----No.Nooneisthere.

8.---Haveyoueverbeento________(somewhere)interestingbefore?

---No.

9.Everyyeartheysend100volunteerstoteachinChina’srural_______(area).

10.Yesterday,Tom________(argue)withhisbestfriend,Mikeintheclassroom.

11.Chinaisan________(Asia)countryanditliesintheeastof________(Asian).

12.Hedoesn’toften________(asleep)wellinthenight.Butlastnighthefell_______(sleep)early.

13.An__________(Australia)co