初中英語講義：-初二英語-時態(tài)講解-一般過去時

一般過去時語法專項一、⑴專題講解1、定義：一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用；也可表示過去習慣性或經(jīng)常性的動作和行為。2、時間狀語：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning,justnow,amomentago,twodaysago,lastnight/year/week,before11:00,inthepast，atthattime等3、使用情況：（1）表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Igotupat7:00yesterday.我昨天7點起床。（2）表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作。Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.去年他總是乘公交車去上班。4?一般現(xiàn)在時的結構及句型變化結構：一般現(xiàn)在時的結構主要有三種形式：、結構一(謂語動詞為be、結構一(謂語動詞為be動詞時)肯定句：主語+be(was，were)+其它.否定句：主語+be+not+其它.一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它？e.g.Iwaslateyesterday.Iwasnotlateyesterday.Wereyoulateyesterday？Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasn't.(注：am,is—was,are—were)e.g.TheywereinBeijinglastyear.Theyweren'tinBeijinglastyearWeretheyinBeijinglastyear？Yes,theywere.No,theyweren'tam和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasn't）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren't）（2）、結構二（謂語動詞為情態(tài)動詞時）（注意：情態(tài)動詞can,may,haveto等等。）肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞過去式+動詞原形+其它.否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞過去式+not+動詞原形+其它.一般疑問句：情態(tài)動詞過去式+主語+動詞原形+其它?E.g.Theoldmancouldswim30yearsago.Theoldmancouldn'tswim30yearsago.Couldtheoldmanswim30yearsago?Yes,hecould.No,hecouldn't.常用情態(tài)動詞過去式如下：can一could（能，會）may—might（可以）haveto—hadto（不得不）shall—should（將要）用于第一人稱單數(shù)will—would（將要）用于所有人稱（3）、結構三（謂語動詞為實義動詞時）肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其它.

否定句：主語+否定句：主語+didn'+動詞原形+其它.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?E.g.LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.LiMingdidn'tstudyEnglishthismorning.DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?Yes,hedid.E.g.Weoftenplayedtennisinthepast.Wedidn'toftenplaytennisinthepast.Didyouoftenplaytennisinthepast?Yes,wedid.No,hedidn't.No,wedidn't.注：1.謂語動詞為實義動詞時，變否定句和一般疑問句二律找助動詞did來幫忙(過去時不分人稱和單復數(shù)，都是加did或didnot)2.前面出現(xiàn)了助動詞，后面的動詞一律用原形。3?變一般疑問句時，一問一答的關系當中，第一人稱和第二人稱要相互交換。5?—般過去時的特殊疑問句:結構：特殊疑問詞+—般疑問句?|特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它?特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+其它？E.g.Wherewereyoulastnight？WhatdidJimdoyesterday?Wheredidyouwalktoyesterday？1、動詞過去式的規(guī)則變化6、動詞的過去式、一般詞尾加-edstay--stayedask--asked、以e結尾的只加-dhope--hopeddance--dancedHowdidyoufindthejob?help--helpedlook--lookedwatch--watchedlove--lovedlive—lived、末尾三個字母以“輔+元+輔”結尾，且為重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-edStop--stoppedplan--planneddrop--droppedbeg--begged、"輔音字母+y”尾，變y為i,再加-edcarry--carriedstudy--studiedhurry--hurried2、動詞過去式的不規(guī)則變化(見書后表格)7、口訣:動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志；一般動詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn't添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原；

動詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。2）變式練習一、寫出下列動詞的過去式is\am___flyplant__are___drink_playgomake__does____dance_worry__ask_taste___eatdraw_putthrow_kick__pass___do___二、用be動詞的適當形式填空。IanEnglishteachernow.Shehappyyesterday.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancygoodfriends.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildreAllthestudentsveryexcited.二、鞏固練習一、句型變換。1、Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：—般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：2Theyplayedfootballontheplayground.否定句：—般疑問句：肯定回答：

否定回答：二、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Wetothezooyesterday,Tomtothepark.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.It(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFridayWeall(have)agoodtimelastnight.三、拓展訓練一、句型轉換。1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.(改否定句)Lucyherhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge(冰箱).(變一般疑問句)hemeatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.(對劃線部分提問)shethere?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.(變一般疑問句)thereorangeinthecup?二、單項選擇：Myfatherillyesterday.A．isn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't2._yourparentsathomelastweek?A．IsB.WasC.AreD.Were3.ThetwinsinDalianlastyear.Theyherenow.A.are;wereB.were;areC.was;areD.were;was4.yourfatheratworkthedayyesterday(前天)?A.Was;beforeB.Is;beforeC.was;areD.were;was5.—WhowasondutylastFriday?8.8.(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?A．IamB．IwasC．Yes,IwasD．No,Iwasn't三、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。Don'tthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)They(make)akiteaweekago.(pick)Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)She(be)aprettygirlLook,she(do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.家庭作業(yè)―、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式形式gobuygettakewriteswimbeginplay二、用所給詞的適當形式填空。TomandMary(come)Mike(notgo)Sohe(get)uplate.Mary(read)EnglishenjoyeatwalkdancerunfindeatstudytoChinalastmonth.tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.yesterdaymorning.Tom(begin)tolearnChineselas