ErnestHemingway海明威人物介紹theLostGeneration迷惘的一代

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1ErnestHemingway海明威人物介紹theLostGeneration迷惘的一代Americannovelist,short-storywriter,andjournalist.

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LifeexperienceMajorworksThemeStyle第2頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)HisLifechildhoodschoollifeafterhighschoolWorldwarⅠlifeinKeyWestWorldWarIIsuicide第3頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)childhoodHeisthesecondchild,andfirstson*HeisraisedinOakPark,asuburbofChicago*Hisfather—asuccessfulphysician，lovefishingandhunting*Hismother—amusicteacher*musiclessonswereusefulinhiswritingandalifelongpassionforoutdooradventureandforlivinginremoteareas第4頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)schoollifeHeattendedOakParkandRiverForestHighSchoolandexcelledbothacademicallyandathleticallyHisfirstwritingexperiencewasfortheschool'snewspaperandyearbook第5頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)afterhighschoolHeworkedasareporterforTheKansasCityStar(堪薩斯《星報(bào)》)beforeWorldWarIforonlysixmonths第6頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)WorldwarⅠjoinedtheRedCross

AmbulanceCorps(紅十字會(huì)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)服務(wù)隊(duì))onJuly8,1918,hewoundedbutcarriedanItaliansoldiertosafety,receivedtheItalianSilverMedalofBraverywheninthehospital,hemetandfellinlovewithAgnes,aRedCrossnursebutrejected第7頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)lifeinKeyWest

In1928，hemovedtoKeyWest,Florida,tobegintheirnewlifeAtthistime,hisfathercommittedsuicideDuringtheearly1930sHemingwaywerebusywithhunting,fishing,bullfighting,travelingandwriting第8頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)WorldWarII

AfterthePacificwarbrokeout，heevenimprovisedhisyachtassubmarinetodetectGermanarmyandoffertheinformationtoAmericangovernment.In1940,hecreatedForWhomtheBellTollsandin1952hepublishedhisbest-knownnovel，atleasttoChinesepeople，OldManAndTheSea.第9頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)suicideDiscouragedbyatroubledfamilybackground,illnessandthebeliefthathewaslosinghisgiftforwriting,he"quitedeliberately"shothimselfwithhisfavoriteshotgunintheearlymorninghoursofJuly2,1961.第10頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Majorworks

shortstories1923：ThreeStoriesandTenPoems《三個(gè)故事和十首詩(shī)》1925：CatintheRain《雨中的貓》1925：InOurTime《在我們的時(shí)代里》1927：MenWithoutWomen《沒(méi)有女人的男人》1932：TheSnowsof

Kilimanjaro《乞力馬扎羅的雪》1933：WinnerTakeNothing《勝者一無(wú)所獲》1938：TheFifthColumnandtheFirstForty-NineStories《第五縱隊(duì)與49個(gè)故事》1972：TheNickAdamsStories《尼克·亞當(dāng)斯故事集》1987：TheCompleteShortStoriesofErnest

Hemingway《海明威短篇故事全集》1995：Everyman'sLibrary:TheCollectedStorie《海明威故事選集》第11頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Figuremasterpieces1926：TheSunalsoRises《太陽(yáng)照常升起》1929：AFarewelltoArms

《永別了，武器》1940：ForWhomtheBellTolls《喪鐘為誰(shuí)而鳴》1952：TheOldManandtheSea

《老人與?！返?2頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Spokesmanof"theLostGeneration"

"迷惘的一代"

Definition:termappliedtothedisillusionedintellectualsandaesthetesoftheyearsfollowingWWI,whorebelledagainstformeridealsandvaluesbutcouldreplacethemonlybydespairoracynicalhedonism.ThisincludedtheyoungEnglishandAmericanexpatriatesaswellasmenandwomencaughtinthewarandcutofffromtheoldvaluesandyetunabletocometotermswiththenewerawhencivilizationhadgonemad.Timeperiod:1920sSourceofthename:GertrudeStein（格特魯?shù)隆に固挂颍?prefacetoTheSunAlsoRises第13頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Commoncharacteristics:ComingofageduringtheWar,havingsomethingtodowithitDisillusionedandantagonisticagainstwarUnhappyaboutAmericancultureExpatiatesinParisMajorrepresentatives:

thewriterssuchas

Hemingway,F.S.Fitzgerald,ThomasWolfe,andLouisBromfield

andpoetslikeMalcolmCowley,E.E.Cummings,andEzraPound.第14頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)Majorthemes1.HemingwayThemewithaHemingwayHero:Hemingway’sheroesliveadventure-filledlivesthataredrivenbycourageandlimitedbyfearTheyhideasensitiveheartunderatoughexterior“Graceunderpressure”istheirmottoHisheroesarehemmedinbyforcesbeyondtheircontrol第15頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)DefinitionofCodeHeroHemingwaydefinedtheCodeHeroas"amanwholivescorrectly,followingtheidealsofhonor,courageandenduranceinaworldthatissometimeschaotic,oftenstressful,andalwayspainful."

TheCodeHeromeasureshimselfbyhowwelltheyhandlethedifficultsituationsthatlifethrowsathim.IntheendtheCodeHerowilllosebecauseweareallmortal,butthetruemeasureishowapersonfacesdeath.

TheCodebelievesin"Nada,"aSpanishwordmeaningnothing.Alongwiththis,thereisnoafterlife.第16頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)CodeheroThe“HemingwayCode”ofmanhooddoesnotinvolvemerephysicalstrength,sexualpotency,orabilitytoaccumulate(orspend)wealth.Accordingtothiscode,amanisdefinedbywill,pride,andendurance:theendurancetoacceptpain,evenloss-whenthelosscannotbeavoided;theprideofknowingthatonehasdoneone'sbest,withthecouragetoacttrulyaccordingtoone'sownnature;andthewilltofacedefeatorvictorywithoutwhiningononehandorboastingontheother.第17頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)ExamplesofHemingwaycodehero:FrederickHenryinAFarewelltoArmsRobertJordaninForWhomtheBellTollsSntiagoinTheOldManandtheSea第18頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)2.War:Violent,meaningless,chaotic,purposelessslaughter;3.Death;4.Love;(asaresponsetothehorrorsofwarandtheworld:HenryandCatherine)5.Fishing,Boxing,Bullfighting,Drinking…Thenovelistwaswidelyquotedassaying,"Mywritingisnothing.Myboxingiseverything."第19頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)WringstyleSimplicity,economyofexpression?Diction:concrete,specific,commonlyfound,Anglo-Saxon,casualandconversationalwords,withfewadverbsoradjectives?Syntax:short,simplesentences,whichareorderlyandpatterned,conversationalandsometimesungrammatical.Anear"stream-of-consciousness"narrationandinteriormonologue.Understatementandomission(IcebergTheory)

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“Ialwaystrytowriteontheprincipleoftheiceberg.Thereisseven-eightsofitunderwaterforeverypartthatshows.

Anythingyouknowyoucaneliminateanditonlystrengthensyouriceberg.Itisthepartthatdoesn’tshow.”“Isometimesthinkthatmystyleissuggestiveratherthandirect.

Thereadermustoftenusehisimaginationorlosethemostsubtlepartofmythoughts.”

“Ifawriterofproseknowsenoughaboutwhatheiswritingabout,hemay

omitthingsthatheknowsandthereader,ifthewriteriswritingtrulyenough,willhaveafeelingofthosethingsasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem.Thedignity

ofmovementofanicebergisduetoonly

one-eighthofitbeingabovewater.”

Hemingway'sIcebergTheory

----Hemingway

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