Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-高一英語牛津譯林版必修第三冊

必修三Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld復(fù)習(xí)Content必修三第四單元Scientistswhochangedtheworld復(fù)習(xí)Teachingobjectives1.知識目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠掌握短語和詞匯的基本含義2.技能目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠掌握短語和詞匯的基本用法3.情感目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠更有信心學(xué)習(xí)英語Keypoints,Difficultpoints1.掌握短語和詞匯的基本含義2.掌握短語和詞匯的基本用法Teachingprocedure：Ⅰ.DictationI.核心單詞(A)寫作詞匯-寫詞形1.________n.學(xué)說,論;原理;看法,意見2.________adj.廣泛的;寬闊的，廣闊的；概括的；開闊的3.________vi.&vt.想要，計劃；意指4.________n.藥草，香草；草本植物5.________n.實驗,試驗;嘗試，實踐vi.做實驗，進(jìn)行實驗;嘗試6.________n.試用，試驗；審訊，審判;考驗vi.&vt.測試，試驗7.________adj.家庭的，家用的，家務(wù)的n.一家人，家庭8.________vt.延遲，延期9.________n.意外,偶然的事;事故,意外遭遇10.________vt.較喜歡;偏袒;有助于n.幫助，好事；贊同；偏袒11.________n.金屬12.________vt.&vi.充電；收費；控告；譴責(zé)；使……承擔(dān)責(zé)任；使充滿n.收費；控告；譴責(zé)；掌管13.________vt.包含;牽涉，影響;(使)參加14.________n.贊揚，認(rèn)可；信用vt.存入金額；把……歸于15.________adj.道德的；道義上的；品行端正的n.品行，道德；寓意16.________n.權(quán)威;權(quán)力；官方17.________vt.表明，宣稱；公布，宣布；申報18.________vt.出版，發(fā)行；發(fā)表;公布19.________n.結(jié)婚，婚姻；已婚狀態(tài)(B)閱讀詞匯一明詞義1.malarian.________2.provincen.________3.extractn.________vt.________4.datan.________5.illustratevt.________6.penicillinn.________7.mouldn.________vt.________8.bacteria(sing.bacterium)n.________9.lightningn.________10.thunderstormn.________11.ribbonn.________12.bangn.________vi.&vt.________13.standoutadj.________n.________14.atomicadj.________15.bombn.________vt.________16.eviln.________adj.________(C)拓展詞匯一靈活用1.________adj.致命的；十足的，徹底的→n.________死者adj.死的；麻木的；無活力的adv.完全地；絕對地→________n.死亡；死亡狀態(tài)；滅亡2.________n.生存，存活；殘存物，幸存事物________vi.生存；存活；繼續(xù)存在vt.&vi.幸存；艱難度過vt.比……活的時間長3.________adj.有限的→________n.限度,限制，界限vt.限制→________n.限制；局限4.________n.容器；集裝箱，貨柜→________vt.包含；容納5.________adj.足夠的，充足的→________n.充足；足量→________adv.足夠地；充分地6.________n.智慧，才智；明智；知識，學(xué)問→________adj.英明的；明智的→________adv.聰明地；明智地；英明地7.________adj.有益的，有用的→________n.利益，好處；優(yōu)勢；義演v.有益于；有助于；得益→________adv.獲利地；受益地8.________v.組織，實施；引導(dǎo)；舉止；傳導(dǎo)v.&v.指揮→________n.傳導(dǎo)→________adj.具有傳導(dǎo)性的9.________v.圍繞，環(huán)繞；包圍；與……緊密相關(guān)→________adj.周圍的；附近的→________n.環(huán)境；周圍的事物10.________vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→________n.跡象;標(biāo)示→________adj.指示的；表示……的，標(biāo)示的11.________adj.有才智的，聰明的；有智力的________n.智力；才智；智慧________adv.聰明地；機智地12.________n.政治家，從政者；投機鉆營者時________adj.政治的；政黨的_______n.政治；政治信仰，政見；政治學(xué)13.________n.電,電能→________adj.電的，發(fā)電的，電動的→________adj.發(fā)電的；用電的；電的、→________adv.電動地；電地14.________adj.科學(xué)的，關(guān)于科學(xué)的，細(xì)致嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)摹鷂_______n.科學(xué)；自然科學(xué)；理科→________n.科學(xué)家15.________vt.&vi.應(yīng)用；申請；涂；有關(guān)→________n.申請；申請表；應(yīng)用→________n.申請者16.________adj.腦力的；有才智的，智力發(fā)達(dá)的n.知識分子，腦力勞動者→________n.智力,才智17.________n.神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；懸疑作品→________adj.神秘的；難以理解的→________adv.神秘地，難以理解地18.________n.自由→________vt.釋放；使自由；解放adj.自由的；免費的；空閑的adv.自由地；免費19.________vt.&vi.允許,準(zhǔn)許,許可;使有可能n.許可證→________n.許可;批準(zhǔn);許可證→________adj.放任的;縱容的20.________n.責(zé)任，負(fù)責(zé)；職責(zé)，義務(wù)→________adj.有責(zé)任的，責(zé)任重大的，負(fù)責(zé)的21.________n.國籍；民族________n.國民，公民adj.國家的，全國的；國有的________n.國家；民族22.________n.進(jìn)化；演變，發(fā)展→________v.逐步發(fā)展，逐漸演變；進(jìn)化，進(jìn)化形成I.重點短語1._____________參考，查閱;提到,談及2._____________(使)加速3.payoff_____________4._____________偶然，意外地5._____________很成功；引人注目，有強烈影響6._____________使某人失望7.asto_____________8._____________想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然9._____________提出，提議，建議10.makeadifferenceto_____________11.makecontributionsto_____________12.thanksto_____________13._____________死于……14.becauseof_____________15._____________放棄16.largeamountsof_____________17.drawon/upon_____________18._____________對……有益19.pointout_____________20._____________充分利用21.catchtheattentionof_____________22.farfrom_____________23.beknownfor_____________24.workout_____________25._____________經(jīng)歷；討論；被通過；用完26._____________(以某種方式)發(fā)生；開火，爆炸27.looklike_____________28._____________期望……；盼望……29.atrisk_____________30.devoteoneselfto_____________31._____________對……來說是熟悉的32.providesb.withsth._____________Ⅲ.經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu)1.然而，直到20世紀(jì)70年代，在多次失敗的實驗之后，屠呦呦才成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素。However,________________________________the1970s________Tusucceededindiscoveringqinghaosu,aftermanyfailedexperiments.2.如果沒有足夠的中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)知識，屠呦呦可能永遠(yuǎn)不會發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素。________hersufficientknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,Tuqinghaosu.3.他觀察到霉菌周圍的細(xì)菌都死了。Heobservedthatthebacteria________________________weredead.4.最后，他的工作引起了其他一些能夠做到這一點的科學(xué)家的注意。Finally,hisworkcaughttheattentionofsomeotherscientists________________________________________________.5.富蘭克林讓他的理論被許多人接受了。Franklin________________________________________________________.6.當(dāng)然，如果我們做了善事，不僅歸功于科學(xué)，還歸功于引導(dǎo)我們行善的道德選擇。Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoice________________________________goodwork.IV.長難句分析1.TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.分析：該句為簡單句。動詞不定式短語toreceiveaNobelPrize作thefirstfemaleChinesescientist的_________；oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory作malaria的_________。句意：屠呦呦成為中華人民共和國第一位獲得諾貝爾獎的女科學(xué)家。她獲獎是因為她在抗擊瘧疾中做出的貢獻(xiàn)，瘧疾是人類歷史上最致命的疾病之一。2.However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.分析：該為主從復(fù)合句。it為_________，真正的主語是動詞不定式短語toproduce...largetrials;because引導(dǎo)_________從句。句意：但由于研究資源有限，難以生產(chǎn)出足夠的青蒿提取物進(jìn)行大規(guī)模試驗。3.InherNobelLecture,TuYouyoureferredtothestrengthsofbothChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,andpointedoutthatthereisgreatpotentialforfutureadvancesifscientistsmakegooduseofthesestrengths.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中第二個and連接兩個并列謂語;that引導(dǎo)_________從句，其中if引導(dǎo)_________從句。句意：屠呦呦在她的諾貝爾獎獲獎感言中提到了中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)的優(yōu)勢，并指出，如果科學(xué)家充分利用這些優(yōu)勢，未來的進(jìn)步潛力巨大。4.Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown作_________，其中that引導(dǎo)_________；現(xiàn)在分詞短語leadingonto...作名詞strangeness的后置定語。句意：我們從不擔(dān)心答案可能會令人失望，總是快樂而自信地開始每一次新探索，發(fā)現(xiàn)一些意想不到的、稀奇古怪的東西，隨之而來的是更加奇妙的問題和奧秘。5.Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom;toteachhowdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed;andtodemandthisfreedomasourdutytoallcominggenerations.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。It為_________，真正的主語是todeclare...、toteach...、todemand...三個并列的不定式短語；knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作_________。句意：作為科學(xué)家，我們明白巨大進(jìn)步源于思想自由，因此，我們有責(zé)任宣揚這種自由的價值；有責(zé)任教育人們不要害怕疑問，而應(yīng)對疑問持歡迎態(tài)度并展開討論；有責(zé)任強烈要求這種自由，這就是我們對后世的義務(wù)。V.必備語法1.________(surprise)bythis,Flemingperformedsometests.2.Theresultsindicatedthatsomething_________(produce)bythemouldhadkilledthebacteria.3.Hewasintelligentandexperiencedenoughtonoticeitspotential,andhishardworkanddeterminationhelpedgetitsmassProduction__________(start).Ⅱ.Languageendintentionn.[U,C]意圖；目的；企圖→intendvt.打算；意欲→intendedadj.有意的Inthe1960s,manypeopleweredyingofmalaria,andin1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureforthedisease.在20世紀(jì)60年代，許多人死于瘧疾。1969年屠呦呦擔(dān)任了一個課題組的組長，該課題組計劃找到該疾病的治療方法。知識點【情景導(dǎo)學(xué)】Althoughheresearchescloning,hisintentionhasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.盡管他研究克隆技術(shù)，但他的目的從來都不是制造人類的復(fù)制品。Theadvertisementisintendedforstudentsofallages.該廣告針對的是所有年齡的學(xué)生。Sayyouintendtowatchafootballmatchbuttheticketsareexpensiveanditwilltakeyouacoupleofhourstogettoandfromthestadium.假設(shè)你想要去看一場足球賽，但票價很貴并且你到體育館走一個來回需要花兩個小時。Theyhadintendedtogointothecountryfortheday,butitwasputoffbyreportsoftrafficjams.他們本來打算那天到鄉(xiāng)下去，但報道說交通擁堵，這件事就推遲了。HeleftEnglandwiththeintentionoftravellinginAfrica.他離開英格蘭，打算去非洲旅行。havenointentiontodosth./ofdoingsth.無意做某事withtheintentionof抱有……目的；打算withoutintention無意中；不是故意地byintention故意地intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事beintendedfor專為……設(shè)計hadintendedtodosth./intendedtohavedone本打算做某事【溫馨貼士】intend，hope，expect，mean，plan，suppose，want等表示“打算”，“希望”，“預(yù)料”；“計劃”，“想”的動詞，它們的“過去完成時＋動詞不定式”＝“一般過去時＋完成時不定式”，意為“原本打算/希望/想……”。【即時訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.語境串詞(1)Inever________thingstoturnoutthewaytheydidandIhadleftwiththe_________offindingabetterjobforher.(intend)Ⅱ.語法填空(2)DennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn’tintendedhim.

(3)Iintended(join)inaDragonBoatTrainingCamp.

(4)Thelaw(intend)toprotectyoungandimpressionableviewers.

(5)Peter________________(intend)totakeajobinbusiness,butgaveup.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)(6)Peterintendedajobinbusiness,butgaveup.

Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproaches__________(intend)topreventscammersfromgettingthrough.2.ButwhenDennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn'tintended__________him,hedidsomethingspecial.3.I,onbehalfoftheRoboticsHobbyGroup,intend__________(invite)youtojoinourteaminthecomingcompetition.4.Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone,__________(intend)tosendittoafriend,butaccidentallysendittothepersonyou'rediscussing.Ⅲ.單句改錯5.ThejourneywasintendedachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.Ⅳ.翻譯句子6.我想要強調(diào)的是我們團(tuán)隊正在招收新成員，我想邀請你加入。(intend)_____________________________________________________________________7.我寫這封信的目的是想邀請你參加我們這幾天要進(jìn)行的一次遠(yuǎn)足。(intention)_____________________________________________________________________2.refertoreferv.提及；參照→referencen.提及；參考文獻(xiàn)referto談及，提到；與……相關(guān)，涉及；查閱，參考 【原文再現(xiàn)】IampleasedtohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheUnitedNations,ortheUN,asitismoreoftenreferredto.我很高興今天有機會跟大家談?wù)劼?lián)合國，聯(lián)合國也叫UN——這個名稱更常用。Whentheyfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults,TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.當(dāng)它們沒有產(chǎn)生任何預(yù)期的效果時，屠呦呦再次去查閱中醫(yī)藥典籍?！厩榫皩?dǎo)學(xué)】Shereferredtoahistorybooktofindouttheexactdateoftheevent.她查閱了一本歷史書以弄清該事件發(fā)生的確切日期。ThecasewasreferredtotheCourtofAppeal.這個案子被送交到了上訴法院。You'dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuturereference.你最好記下那家餐館的電話號碼，以備日后作參考。Thescientistreferredtothediscoveryasthemostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.這位科學(xué)家把這一發(fā)現(xiàn)稱作是這個領(lǐng)域最令人興奮的新發(fā)展。Inreferencetoyourletteryesterday,wecan'taccepttheoffer.關(guān)于你昨天的來信，我們不能接受信中的建議。(1)referto...as把……稱為refersth./sb.tosth./sb.將……送交給(以求獲得幫助等)(征詢意見)(2)referencen.提及；查閱，參考；推薦信；介紹人in/withreferenceto(所述內(nèi)容)關(guān)于【溫馨貼士】“查詞典”的表達(dá)方式還有：refertoadictionary;looksth.upinthedictionary。?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.語法填空(1)Iamwritingtoyou_______referencetothejobopeninginyourdepartment.(2)Whenyouneedtorememberaphonenumber,ashoppinglistorasetofinstructions,yourelyonwhatpsychologistsandneuroscientistsreferto__________workingmemory.(3)Askyourteachertoactasoneofyour__________(refer)ifyouwanttojointheclub.(4)Mycomplaintwas________(refer)tothemanufacturers.(5)Inhisspeech,theCanadianversionofThanksgivinghereferredto______(prove)tousthatitisoftenseenasatimetosimplyrelaxandeatgoodfood.(6)Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper"--atermreferring_______papersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.(7)Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistof_________(refer)mustbeincluded.(8)WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize-whichisoftenreferredto_____theNobelPrizeinarchitecture--onFebruary28.(9)If,oneweekfromthedateofwrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentwillbereferred______theStudentCourt.Ⅱ.單句改錯1.Infact,traditionalsorefertothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated.Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.______________________________________________________________________3.speedspeedup加速;加快speedup加速;加快Newsflash:AnewservicehasjustopenedbetweenBeijingandDalianandthishasspeededuptravelbetweenthetwocities.新聞快訊:在北京和大連之間剛剛開通了一項新的列車服務(wù),這加速了兩個城市之間的旅行。athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速ataspeedof以……速度pickupspeed/gatherspeed加速slowdown減速withallspeed盡快地at/withlightningspeed以閃電般的速度【即時訓(xùn)練】完成句子（1）他們將加快能源生產(chǎn)。Theywillenergyproduction.（2）突然停下可能是一次非?？膳碌慕?jīng)歷，尤其是你正在高速行進(jìn)時。Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,especiallyifyouaretravelling.（3）無線電波也以光速傳播。Radiowavesalsotravel.4.payoffpayoff還清(債務(wù));回報,成功;付清工資后解雇(某人)TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.屠呦呦和其團(tuán)隊的努力終于有了回報。【情景導(dǎo)學(xué)】Allmyyearsoftrainingasanexplorerhavefinallypaidoff!我作為探險家的多年訓(xùn)練終于獲得了回報！Theyhaveamortgagetopayoff.他們有一筆抵押貸款要還清。Shedidpart-timejobstogetmoremoneytopayforschool.她做兼職工作以掙更多的錢來支付學(xué)費。Youmayrelyonitthathewillpaybackallthedebts.你可以相信他會償還所有的債務(wù)。Timepermitting,youcanpayavisittosomeplacesofinterestinHangzhou.如果時間允許，你可以在杭州參觀一些有趣的地方。Studentsmustpayattentiontotheirsafetyonthewaytoschool.學(xué)生們在去學(xué)校的路上必須注意安全。歸納拓展payback償還,報復(fù)payfor付款payup總算付清全部欠款payincash用現(xiàn)金支付payavisitto參觀;拜訪payattentionto注意;留心【即時訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Becauseofourefforts，ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopay__________herholidayduetoillness.2.WeboughtoneontheInternetactually.Butcouldyoupayus__________.3.HannahstillhasthenormallifeofaWinnipegschoolgirl,exceptthatshepaysregularvisits__________homelesspeople.4.Supposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,not__________(pay)attentiontoyourscreen,andyousendanemailthatcould5.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonightwhenhecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaid_________aplacetostayin.6.Theynolongerpaidattention________thebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunableto________________(支付)herholidayduetoillness.Ⅲ.選詞填空8.Iwasreadyto_____________(payoff/payfor/payback)mybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.9.Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelps__________(payoff/payfor/payback)research.benefitvt.&vi.使受益;得益于n.益處;救濟(jì)金;資金→beneficialadj.有益的→【同】profitv.有益于；獲利n.利潤；利益benefitvt.&vi.使受益;得益于n.益處;救濟(jì)金;獎金【原文再現(xiàn)】Alloftheseadsaremeanttobenefitthepublic,andyoucanoftenlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.所有這些廣告旨在使公眾受益,而且通過遵循它們提供的建議,你往往就能學(xué)到很多東西。歸納拓展benefitfrom從……中獲益beofbenefitto...對……有益forone’sbenefit/forthebenefitofsb.為了幫助某人;為了某人的利益beneficialadj.有益的bebeneficialto對……有益【即時訓(xùn)練】I.語境填詞Thesuggestionsfromyourteacherissurelyofgreat__________,fromwhichyouwill__________alot.IfIwereyou,Iwouldfollowwhateveris__________tomygrowth.(benefit)II.單句語法填空1.Theauthorbenefited__________hisexperienceinthedebateclub.2.Itis__________(benefit)tosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.3.Thestudents__________(benefit)mostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources.6.surroundsurroundvt.圍繞,環(huán)繞→surroundingn.環(huán)繞物adj.四周的,環(huán)繞的→surroundingsn.環(huán)境，周圍的事物surroundvt.圍繞,環(huán)繞【原文再現(xiàn)】(P18L2)Tosome,happinessisbeingsurroundedbyfamilyandfriends.對某些人來說,幸福就是有家人和朋友陪伴在自己身邊。surround...with...使……包圍……besurroundedby/with...被……包圍surroundingadj.周圍的surroundingsn.環(huán)境,周圍的事物【即時訓(xùn)練】語法填空(1)The(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.

(2)I'llshowyouaroundtheGreatWall,forI'mfamiliarwiththe_______________(surround)there.(3)Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself(surround).

(4)Myhometownisabeautifulvillage,which(surround)bygreenmountainsandclearwater.

(5)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,__________(surround)byhisfamily..

7.favour*favourn.贊同；支持；恩惠；偏袒v.贊成；偏愛；有利于，有助于→favourableadj.贊同的；支持的；討人喜愛的Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?有人說為了保護(hù)自然就應(yīng)該停止經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展嗎?asksb.afavour(＝askafavourofsb.)求某人幫一個忙doafavourforsb.(＝dosb.afavour)幫某人一個忙owesb.afavour欠某人的人情infavourof贊成，支持；主張inone’sfavour對某人有利favourableadj.有利的；贊許的；給人好印象的【即時訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.語法填空(1)Whencircumstancesare_________(favour),wemustnotforgetthattherewillstillbedifficulties.(2)Hehopedthejudgmentwouldbe__________hisfavour.(3)Wouldyoudomethefavour___________(open)thewindow?Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(4)MostofthemwereformyopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.→Mostofthemwere____________________myopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.(5)NowIwonderwhetheryoucoulddomeafavour.1→NowIwonderwhetheryoucould__________________________________________________.2→NowIwonderwhetherIcould________________________________________chargen.負(fù)責(zé)，掌管vt.&vi.充電；收費；猛沖vt.控告；譴責(zé)；使承擔(dān)責(zé)任；使充滿；把……記在賬上→chargeableadj.應(yīng)支付的，可控訴的Whenathunderstormapproached,thelightningwouldchargethekey.當(dāng)雷雨來臨時,閃電就會給鑰匙充電?！厩榫皩?dǎo)學(xué)】Youdon'thavetochargeyourmobilephoneallnight.你不必給手機整夜充電。Aslongasyoupayinadvance,wewon'tchargeyoufordelivery.只要你預(yù)先付款，我們就不收你送貨費。Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.曾經(jīng)掌管這家公司的那個人被指控吸毒。ThecompanyisinthechargeofTomwhilethebossisaway.=Tomisinchargeofthecompanywhilethebossisaway.老板不在時湯姆負(fù)責(zé)這家公司。【歸納拓展】①inchargeof__________________②inthechargeof__________________③freeofcharge免費④takechargeof__________________⑤chargesb./sth._______為……向某人/某物要價⑥chargesb._______(doing)sth.控告/指責(zé)某人(做)某事Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny--usuallytwoorthreecents________(charge)--andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.2.Farfrom_________(charge)consumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Ⅱ.單句改錯3Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfofwhatitusedtocharging.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,anextrachargesmaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.翻譯句子在兩周的時間里，我們舉辦了一系列關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)和運動的活動，其中一些是由英國學(xué)生負(fù)責(zé)的。_____________________________________________________________9.involve參與10.credit信譽11.apply應(yīng)用*applyvi.申請vt.使用,應(yīng)用→appliedadj.應(yīng)用的→applicationn.申請(書);應(yīng)用→applicantn.申請人，應(yīng)聘人In1998,heappliedtobeamemberofProject921,whichisnowcalledShenzhou.1998年他申請成為“921”計劃(現(xiàn)名“神舟”計劃)的成員。歸納拓展applysth.tosth.把某物應(yīng)用(涂抹)于……applyto適用于;申請applyto...for...向……申請applyoneselfto(=beappliedto)致力于/集中精力于……applicationn.應(yīng)用;申請;敷用applicantn.申請人【即時訓(xùn)練】I.語境串詞Interestedinthissubject,he__________tojointheresearchteam.Unfortunately,thoughthepromisedhewould__________himselftothisresearch,his__________wasrejected,astherewasanother__________whowasmorequalifiedfortheresearch.(apply)II.單句語法填空1.TheOnlineregistrationfeaturedoesnotapply__________evaluationregistration.2.Youcouldapply__________(be)aStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.3.However,technologyisalsothe__________(apply)ofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem，touchinglivesincountlessways.4.Itcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouare__________(apply)tohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.5.Hewasoneof30__________(apply)forthemanager’sjob.12.permit*permissionn.準(zhǔn)許；許可→permitvt.準(zhǔn)許；許可permissionn.準(zhǔn)許;許可;批準(zhǔn)【原文再現(xiàn)】SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods,astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.既然沒有人確切知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否安全，對于生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品，很多國家都猶豫不決，因為對于這項新技術(shù)，他們寧愿小心謹(jǐn)慎。permitv.允許；許可n.通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照permitsb.todo...允許某人做……permitdoingsth.允許做某事permitsb.sth.允許某人做某事applyforapermit申請許可證askforpermission請求許可withoutpermission未經(jīng)許可Weather/Timepermitting,...天氣/時間允許，……【即時訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.語境串詞(1)Weneedtoaskourparentsfor__________beforewestartthehike.Iftheydon't______ustotakeajourney,wemustwaitforanothertime.Andbytheway,ifyouwanttocampintheparkduringthehike,you'dbetterapplytosomedepartmentconcernedfora______.(permit)Ⅱ.語法填空(2)Theownersdon'tpermit_______(park)carsinfrontoftheshops.(3)Without__________(permit),youcan'ttakethematerialsaway.(4)Passengersarepermitted________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.(5)IneedtocallmyDadandask___permissionbeforewegoout.13.responsibilityresponsibilityn.責(zé)任；職責(zé)；義務(wù)→responsibleadj.有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)的→irresponsibleadj.不負(fù)責(zé)任的Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiesandonlyworryingaboutmoney.他們想到貪婪的商人逃避他們的責(zé)任，只想到錢。havetheresponsibilitytodo有責(zé)任/有義務(wù)做bear/take(on)theresponsibilityfor承擔(dān)對……的責(zé)任，為……負(fù)責(zé)hidefromone'sresponsibility逃避責(zé)任asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感responsibleadj.有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的beresponsiblefor應(yīng)對……負(fù)責(zé)；對……有責(zé)任【即時訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.語境串詞(1)MrBlackisthemanageroftheproject.Heis___________forthewholeproject.Ifanythinggoeswrong,hewilltake______________forit.(responsible)Ⅱ.完成句子(2)Asamanager,youshould____________________________________forpersonnel.作為經(jīng)理，你應(yīng)該對職員全面負(fù)責(zé)。(3)Hehas__________________________________________.他絲毫沒有責(zé)任感。(4)Parents______________________theirchildren'ssafety.父母應(yīng)該對孩子的安全負(fù)責(zé)。14.survivaln.生存，存活；殘存物，幸存事物Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.由于她發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，現(xiàn)在，世界各地瘧疾患者的生存機會有了極大的增加?！厩榫皩?dǎo)學(xué)】Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.通過對比我們周圍的環(huán)境來確定我們的位置仍然是我們生存的一項重要技能。Survivorsoftheaccidentwererushedtothenearesthospitalinnotime.事故的幸存者立刻被急速送往最近的醫(yī)院。Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.一些奇怪的風(fēng)俗是從更早些的時候流傳下來的。It'ssaidthatthewomansurvivedherhusbandby10years.據(jù)說這位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。Ofallthemuseum'spaintings,onlyonesurvivedthefire.在這次火災(zāi)中，該博物館的全部藏畫僅有一幅幸免于難?！練w納拓展】①survivevi.生存，存活；繼續(xù)存在vt.&vi.__________；從……中挺/活過來；艱難度過vt.比……活的時間長②survive_________從……中存活下來，從……流傳下來③AsurviveB_______...A比B活得長……（多長時間）④survivorn._____________Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,__________(survive)entirelyondiscarded(丟棄)food.2.Afterall,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrights__________(survive).3.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;__________(survive)isnevercertain.4.Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchancefor__________(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Ⅱ.翻譯句子5.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(火絕)ofoneofthem.__________________________________________________________15.limitedadj.有限的However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.但由于研究資源有限，難以生產(chǎn)出足夠的青蒿提取物進(jìn)行大規(guī)模試驗。【情景導(dǎo)學(xué)】Lifeislimited,butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.生命是有限的，但是為人民服務(wù)是無限的。Withinthelimitsoflegalrights,peoplearefreetodoastheyplease.在法權(quán)范圍內(nèi)，人們可以自由地做他們高興做的事。Ibelieveteachingshouldnotbelimitedtotheclassroom.我認(rèn)為教學(xué)不應(yīng)該局限在教室里。Someofthemwerelatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.根據(jù)NaturalEngland設(shè)置的規(guī)定，為了限制小型馬的數(shù)量，其中的一些后來被賣掉了。Thisisacheapandpotentiallylimitlesssupplyofenergy.這是一種廉價而又潛力無限的能源供給。【歸納拓展】①limitvt.限制；限定；制約；限量n.限度，限制；極限；限量；界限，范圍②limit...to...把……限制在……內(nèi)③belimitedto...____________④withinthelimitsof____________⑤thereisnolimitto(doing)sth.(做)某事是沒有極限的⑥limitlessadj.無限制的Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksare__________(limit).2.Nearly40percentofjazzloversliveoutsideoftheDallascity__________(limit)anddriveorflyintoenjoyaneveningintheBishopArtsDistrict.3.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenough__________(limit)exemptions.4.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyfor__________(limit)medicalorreligiousreasons.Ⅱ.單句改錯5.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitedelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Ⅲ.翻譯句子6.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.________________________________________________________________參考答案：Ⅰ.DictationⅠ.(A)1.end4.herb5.experiment6.trial7.household8.postpone9.accident10.favour11.metal12.charge13.involve14.credit15.moral16.authority17.declare18.publish19.marriage(B)1.瘧疾2.省，省份3.提取物；選錄提?。贿x錄；取出；設(shè)法得到4.數(shù)據(jù)，資料，材料5.說明，解釋；加插圖于6.青霉素，盤尼西林7.霉菌；模具；類型澆鑄；塑造8.細(xì)菌9.閃電10.雷雨，雷暴11.帶子，絲帶；帶狀物12.突然的巨響；猛敲，猛擊砸；砰地關(guān)上；猛摔；碰撞13.突出的突出的人(或物)14.原子能的；原子的15.炸彈；核武器轟炸16.罪惡，罪行；害處，壞處惡毒的；有害的；惡魔的(C)1.deadly;dead;death2.survival;survive3.limited;limit;limitation4.container;contain5.sufficient;sufficiency;sufficiently6.wisdom;wise;wisely7.beneficial;benefit;beneficially8.conduct;conduction;conductive9.surround;surrounding;surroundings10.indicate;indication;el