【小學(xué)英語】第2講 名詞（教案）

名詞5.Thereare36(boys,boies)inmyclass.【答案】k2.cups3.sheep4.radios5.boys【解析】.milk是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選milk。.cup是可數(shù)名詞，由two可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選cupso3,由those可知，sheep要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而sheep單復(fù)同形，應(yīng)選sheepo.以o結(jié)尾的單詞，變復(fù)數(shù)一般直接加s,hero,potato,tomato加es,應(yīng)選radioso.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，要把y變i再加es,而boy的y前是元音字母，應(yīng)選boyso能力提升Somearerunningaftersome.A.cat,mouseB.cats,miceC.cats,mouseD.cat,mice.Helpyourselfto.A.somechickensB.achickenC.somechickenD.anychicken.Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.Itsabout.A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalkC.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes9walk.Howmanyarethereinyourclass?A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian.motherscouldn'tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoShanghai.A.MaryandPeter'sB.MaryandPeterC.Mary'sandPeterD.Mary'sandPeter's【答案】1—5BCDAD【解析】.此題考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，cat的復(fù)數(shù)為cats,mouse的復(fù)數(shù)為秘策，應(yīng)選Bo.此題考查chicken的詞意，當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞時為"小雞"，當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞時為"雞肉"根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是吃雞肉，應(yīng)選C。.此題考查名詞所有格，s的用法，由forty可知minutes是復(fù)數(shù)形式，以s結(jié)尾，應(yīng)加1應(yīng)選Do.此題考查各國人變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么，howmany后應(yīng)跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，Japanese單復(fù)同形，其他選項(xiàng)都是單數(shù)，應(yīng)選Ao.此題考查名詞所有格，此句中“mothers”是復(fù)數(shù)，表示兩個人各自的母親，應(yīng)選D。四、口語訓(xùn)練營Thewolfandthefoxwantedtoeattherabbit,butitwasn'teasytocatchhim.Onedaythewolfsaidtothefbx,“Yougohomeandlieinbed.Filtelltherabbitthatyouaredead.Whenhecomestolookatyou,youcanjumpupandcatch“That*sagoodidea,“saidthefbx.Hewenthomeatonce.Thewolfwenttotherabbit'shouseandknockedatthedoor."Whoisit?”askedtherabbit."It'sthewolf.Fvecometotellyouthatthefbxisdead."Thenthewolfwentaway.Therabbitwenttothefox'shouse.Helookedinthroughthewindowandsawthefbxlyinginbedwithhiseyesclosed.Hethought,“Isthefoxreallydeadorishepretendingtobedead?Ifhe*snotdead,he'llcatchmewhenIgonearhim."sohesaid,“Thewolfsaysthatthefbxisdead.Buthedoesn'tlooklikeadeadfbx.Themouthofadeadfbxisalwaysopen.^^Whenthefbxheardthis,hethought,"FilshowhimthatPmdead."Soheopenedhismouth.Therabbitknewthatthefbxwasn'tdead,andheranasquicklyashecould.一五、課堂小結(jié)1.名詞的分類(1)專有名詞⑵普通名詞：①可數(shù)名詞(個體名詞和集體名詞)②不可數(shù)名詞(物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞).可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么(1)一般在詞尾加S(2)以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的加es⑶以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加es(4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的，變f或fe為v再加es(5)以o結(jié)尾的，一般加s，但hero,tomato,potato加es.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么形式mouse-micetooth-teethchild—childrenfoot—feetman-menwoman—womensheep—sheepdeer—deerfish—fishChinese—Chinese4名詞所有格⑴'S①一般詞的所有格，直接在詞尾+'S②以S結(jié)尾的名詞所有格只在詞尾+，③兩人共有的物體，那么在第二個名詞后+、④如果分別是兩人所有，那么在每個名詞后面+'s⑶Of事物+of+事物的所有者5名詞辨析sound,noise,voicehome,house,familyjob,workgame,matchperson,people六、課后作業(yè)鞏固1.robot2.story3.man六、課后作業(yè)鞏固1.robot2.story3.man4.tooth6.puppy7.goose8.foot_9.tomato_11.zoo—12.rubber13.candy14.Chinese16.child17.mouth18.box19.eye21.potato22.leaf—23.knife24.peach26.orange27.lady28.class29.grade_I.寫出以下名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.photolO.bus15.monkey20.mouse25.fish—3O.sheep—【答案】1.robots2.stories3.men4.teeth5.photos6.puppies7.geese8.feet9.tomatoes10.buses11.zoos12.rubbers13.candies14.Chinese15.monkeys16.children17.mouths18.boxes19.eyes20.mice21.potatoes22.leaves23.knives24.peaches25.fish26.oranges27.ladies28.classes29.grades30.sheep【解析】詳見知識點(diǎn)2可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么和不規(guī)那么形式。II.單項(xiàng)選擇Therearesomeonthehill.A.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepes.Therearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyarebooks.A.childB.childrens9C.childrenD.children's.Howmucharethe?A.breadB.meatsC.potatosD.tomatoes.Thereisonthetable.A.someorangesB.somebreadC.someapplesD.somepeaches.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,LindaandJane?—,please.A.TwocupsofteasB.TwocupofteasC.TwocupofteaD.Twocupsoftea【答案】1—5CDDBD【解析】.考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，由some可知sheep用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而sheep的單復(fù)同形，應(yīng)選Co.考查名詞所有格飛的用法。句意為：他們是孩子們的書，孩子的復(fù)數(shù)是children,直接加1應(yīng)選D。.考查可數(shù)名詞與不可名詞的區(qū)分。由句中are可知要用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選Do.考查不可數(shù)名詞的量，由is可知用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選Bo.考查不可數(shù)名詞的量，tea為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，由two可知，cup用復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選Doin.翻譯以下短語.兩玻璃杯水.—副眼鏡.一條新聞4教室的門.我父母的臥室.孩子們的書更【答案】.twoglassesofwater.apairofglasses.apieceofnews.thedooroftheclassroom.myparents5bedroom.children'sdesks拔高I根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.(TomandTim)fatherisadoctor.oftengotoworkon.(foot)Lucyis(Lily)friend.Pleasegivethemthese.(photo)Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)Therearetwelveinayear.(month)Wouldyoulikesome?(tomato)Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)September10thisDay.(teacher)Jimhassome.(knife)【答案】1.TomandTim's2.foot3.Lily's4.photos5.watches6.moths7.tomatoes8.people9.Teachers,lO.knives【解析】?句中father是單數(shù)，所以Tom和Tim只在后一個人后加1。.此句onfoot是固定搭配，不變復(fù)數(shù)形式。.根據(jù)句意，Lucy是Lily的朋友，故應(yīng)用所有格形式。.根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用photo的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填photoso.由are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式watches06,由數(shù)字twelve可知應(yīng)填month的復(fù)數(shù)形式。.tomato的復(fù)數(shù)形式是加eso.由these可知要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，people是集體名詞，故填people。.教師節(jié)的表達(dá)是Teachers'Dayo.knife的復(fù)數(shù)形式是kniveson.單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Pleasegivemepaper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof)2.Somecametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies)3.Johnboughtforhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes()4.Thisisroom.A.JackandLucyB.JackandLucy'sC?Jack'sandLucy'sD?Jack'sandLucy()5.birthdayisSeptember5th.A.HermotherB.hermother'sC.Hermothers'D.Hermother's【答案】1-5DAABD【解析】1.paper為不可數(shù)名詞，它需要借助量詞來表達(dá)量，應(yīng)選D。2彳惠國人的表達(dá)是在詞尾直接加s,應(yīng)選Ao.兩雙鞋的正確表達(dá)是twopairsofshoes,應(yīng)選Ao.room是單數(shù)形式,表示兩個者共有，應(yīng)選Bo.首字母需要大寫，mother應(yīng)用單數(shù)，應(yīng)選DoIII.圈出句子中的錯誤并改正。.Idon'tlikeorangejuices.Itissour..Thereisanoldbooksinmybag..Bananasismyfavoritefruit..Theygotoschoolonfeet..Therearemanyphotoesofmyfamily.【答案】.juices—juice2.books-book3.is-are4.feet-foot5.photoes-photos【解析】Ljuice是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故改為juice。2.由句中an可知名詞要用單數(shù)形式，故books應(yīng)改為booko3上ananas是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面be動詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故改為are04.onfoot是固定搭配，意為〃步行"，foot不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.photo的復(fù)數(shù)形式是直接加s0七、教學(xué)反思適用學(xué)科小學(xué)英語適用年級六年級適用區(qū)域通用版課時時長（分鐘）120知識點(diǎn)1.名詞的分類2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格4.名詞辨析教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握所學(xué)知識點(diǎn)，能夠在考試中熟練運(yùn)用，突破考點(diǎn)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)適用學(xué)科小學(xué)英語適用年級六年級適用區(qū)域通用版課時時長（分鐘）120知識點(diǎn)1.名詞的分類2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格4.名詞辨析教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握所學(xué)知識點(diǎn)，能夠在考試中熟練運(yùn)用，突破考點(diǎn)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)L名詞詞義辨析2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么3.名詞所有格的運(yùn)用教學(xué)難點(diǎn)可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)分教學(xué)過程(2017河北省邯鄲市小升初復(fù)試)Thisismy(parent)room,theylikemusic.(2017江西省某市小學(xué)畢業(yè)考試)Therearesome(book)onthedesk.(2017河北省張家口市/」\升初考試)Howmany(knife)didyoubuyyesterday?(2017河北省廊坊市小升初考試)Those(man)bikesareunderthetree.冬空?口?1.dresses2,parents'3.books4.knives5?men's二、知識講解

知識點(diǎn)1名詞的概念：表示人、事物、地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞。名詞的分類:名詞類別意義例詞專有名詞表示具體的人名、事物、國家、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體等的專有名稱Tom,China,theUK,theGreatWall通名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞表示單個的人或事物girl,student,factory,desk,cat,country集體名詞表示一群人或一些事物的總稱people,police,team,clothes,group不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)water,ice,pork,cheese,cotton,broccoli抽象名詞表示抽象概念的詞fun,health,happiness,courage,love注：1.第一個字母必須大寫。專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。2.有普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前要用定冠詞〃the〃，但它不大寫，例如theGreatWallo3.有些詞既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，例如：chicken可數(shù)雞room可數(shù)房間fish可數(shù)魚不可數(shù)雞肉不可教空間耳、可數(shù)魚肉例題1Icanseesome(people)inthecinema.【答案】people【解析】此題考察名詞的數(shù),由題中some可知people應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而people意思是"人們"本身是集體名詞，故填peopleo例題2Idon'thaveany,butIhavesome.bananas;juiceB.banana;juicesC.abanana;juiceD.bananas;juices【答案】A【解析】此題考察可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)分，some和any后面可以跟不可數(shù)名詞也可以跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù),故可排除B和C,juice是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，應(yīng)選Ao知識點(diǎn)2名詞的數(shù)：表示可以計(jì)算數(shù)目的人或物稱為可數(shù)名詞。.可數(shù)名詞有單、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式：可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式要在名詞前加匕或an〃；復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞后加〃-s或-es〃。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式有規(guī)那么變化和不規(guī)那么變化兩種。.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么：序號情況詞尾變化讀音例詞1一般情況加S在清輔音后讀/s/chips,jeeps,clocks

例如:例如:Chinese—Chinese2在濁輔音或兀日后讀/z/boys,sofas,drawers3以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的單詞加es/iz/watches,boxes,classes4以字母0結(jié)尾的單詞加s或es/z/zoos,photos,bamboos,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞去y變i加es/z/dictionaries,strawberries6以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞去f或fe變v加es/vz/leaves,wives,halves例如:Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseEnglishman—Englishmen可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)那么例如:Chinese—ChineseJapanese—JapaneseEnglishman—Englishmen序號形式例詞1變原音字母00為eefoot-feet,tooth-teeth2變man為menman-men,woman-women,Frenchman-Frenchmen,Englishman-Englishmen3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,4一些集體名詞本身表示復(fù)數(shù)意義people,police5局部集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）class,family,couple,group,team,6單復(fù)同形Chinese,deer,fish,sheep7完全不規(guī)那么Child-children,mouse-mice各國人變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么：中日不變，英法變，其余S加后面。German-Germans常見可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)那么形式巧記：老鼠牙,小孩腳,男人女人趕著羊兒，鹿兒，魚兒跟著中國人跑。mouse—micetooth—teethchild-childrenfoot-feetman-menwoman-womensheep—sheepdeer-deerfish-fishChinese—Chinese不可數(shù)名詞量的表示：.表示:"-……"時用"a/an+名詞(相當(dāng)于漢語中的量詞)+of二例如：acupoftea一杯茶.表示"幾個"或"許多"時,用相應(yīng)的詞代替a(n)。例如：twopiecesofnews兩條新聞.如果沒有具體的數(shù)量，那么用some,much,alotof等來表示。例如：muchwork許多工作—Iwantthreeandfourmilk,please.-Sure.Hereyouare.A.bags；bottleB.bag;bottleofC.bags;bottleofD.bags;bottlesof【答案】D【解析】此題考察可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)以及不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)的表達(dá)，根據(jù)第一個空前的three可知可數(shù)名詞bag用復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)第二個空前的four,可知量詞bottle用復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)選Do例題2Ihavetwoandthreebottlesofhere.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges【答案】C【解析】orange有兩種含義，一種可數(shù)名詞橘子，另一種是不可數(shù)名詞橘汁，此題第一空應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞，第二空填不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選Co知識點(diǎn)3名詞所有格名詞的所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，有兩種表示形式，L一種是在名詞后+飛(1)一般詞的所有格，直接在詞尾+'s。例如：Tom'sbook⑵以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格只在詞尾+;例如：Teachers9Day⑶兩人共有的物體，那么在第二個名詞后+'s。例如：LucyandLily'sroom.(指兩人共住一個房間)⑷如果分別是兩人所有，那么在每個名詞后面+'s。例如：MrsGreen'sandMrsBrown'sson.(指兩人各自的兒子)(5)表示某具體場所時，所有格后面的名詞可省略。例如：thedoctor^(office)2.另一種是用of,一般表示無生命的事物之間的所屬關(guān)系。"事物+of+事物的所有者"例如：thewalloftheclassroomEveryeveningMr.Kingtakesatohishome.A.25minutes'walkB.25minute'swalkC.25minutewalkD.25minuteswalk【答案】A【解析】句中的minute應(yīng)該用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式，只+1而不能+s,應(yīng)選A。例題2LiMeiwenttomanytimesthismonth.A.heruncleB.heruncle9sC.herunclesD.aunt's【答案】B【解析】此句意為〃李梅這個月去她舅舅家屢次?！?，表示具體場所時，可省去所有格后面的