初中英語中考復習 專題02 沖刺2022中考英語重點語法之賓語從句 -沖刺2022中考英語必考語法考前突擊訓練

沖刺2022中考英語重點語法之賓語從句WhatistheObjectClause?(什么是賓語從句）賓語從句是主從復合句的一種。主從復合句是由一個主句或一個以上的從句構成。主句是復合句的主體，從句僅是主句的一個成份，它從屬于主句，不能獨立。從句在全句中充當什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語從句中的從句在全句中做賓語。Idon’tknowthat

helikesplayingbasketball..引導詞（連接詞）賓語從句連接詞賓語從句三大高頻考點從句語序時態(tài)呼應賓語從句之引導詞由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which，what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓語從句不同引導詞引導的賓語從句由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句(1)陳述句的引導詞用thatthat在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略。e.g.1.Ihear(that)youpassedtheexam.2.Hesaid(that)hisfatherwasasinger.3.Theteachertoldus(that)thesunrisesintheeast.由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句但that引導的賓語從句作except,in,but,besides等少數(shù)介詞的賓語時that不能省略。如:Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.除了知道他來自南方以外,我對他一無所知。由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句(2)一般疑問句的引導詞用if/whetherif/whether“是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。e.g.1.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifheisright.2.IAskhimwhether/ifhelikesme.3.Iwonderwhether/ifwecangetthere.4.Couldyoutellmewhether/ifthatfilmisinteresting?由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句◆只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在動詞不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句3.當與ornot連用，或提出兩種選擇時:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.賓語從句提前時：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.由連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句(3)由連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句①連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever在句中有詞義,充當從句中的主語、賓語、表語、定語。如:Iwonderwhathe’swritingtome.(賓語)我想知道他正在寫什么給我。Hecan’tdecidewhichsweaterheshouldbuy.(定語)他不確定他該買哪件毛衣。由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句②連接副詞where,when,how,why在句中有詞義,并且充當從句中的狀語。如:I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.(原因狀語)我會告訴你我為什么要你來。CouldyoutellmewhereTomhasgone?(地點狀語)你能告訴我湯姆去哪里了嗎?Iwanttoknowwhenyoucanfinishthework.(時間狀語)我想知道你什么時候能夠完成這項工作。1.(2020山東青島中考)—Lily,couldyoutellme

?—Abouttenminutes.A.howfarisitfromyourhometoschool B.howfaritisfromyourhometoschoolC.howlongdoesittakeyoutowalktoschool D.howlongittakesyoutowalktoschool2.—Couldyoupleasetellme

?

—Sorry,I’mnewhere.A.whycanIbuysomejuice B.whendoesthesupermarketcloseC.howtogettothelibrary D.whattimedoesthemoviebeginExercises3.—Jack,couldyoutellme

fortravellingthissummer?

—WeplantogoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.A.whereyourfamilywillgo B.howwillyourfamilygoC.howyourfamilywillgo D.wherewillyourfamilygo4.—Canyoutellme

?—Ithinkit’shis.

A.wherehelives B.wheredoesheliveC.whosedictionaryitis D.howoldheis賓語從句之語序賓語從句的語序，即從句部分應為陳述句語序。尤其要注意引導詞：if或whether引導的賓語從句及以連接代詞或連接副詞引導的賓語從句。中考考點設置Attention賓語從句之語序①陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderwhether/ifheworkshard.Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.(3)What’swrongwith…?和What’sthematter?在賓語從句中語序不變。如:Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么了。Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematter?可以告訴我怎么了嗎?賓語從句之語序賓語從句之時態(tài)1.主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時或一般將來時等“現(xiàn)在”范疇的時態(tài)時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)需要來用，不受主句影響。Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Hewilltellusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.Theyaresayingthattheyreallylikethiscity.賓語從句之時態(tài)2.主句用過去時，從句用與過去相關的時態(tài)。Katesaidtherewasaboxunderthedesk.Theyaskedwhathewasdoingthen.SheaskedwhetherIhadseenherbefore.賓語從句之時態(tài)3.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，仍用現(xiàn)在時。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.賓語從句之時態(tài)中考真題演練1.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_____.

A.howmuchitcost B.howmuchdiditcost

C.howmuchitcosts D.howmuchdoesitcost2.Youaregrowingsofast.Canyoutellme

now?A.howfastareyouB.howfastyouareC.howtallareyouD.howtallyouare3.Ididn’tunderstand____,soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaidD.whatdidmyteachersay中考真題演練4.Doyouremember

?A.wheredidyoubuythedictionary

B.whereyouboughtthedictionaryC.wheredoyoubuythedictionary

D.whereyoubuythedi