中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-冠詞

冠詞一、概念：1、冠詞分類及讀法：英語中冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種，常放在名詞的前面，用來限定名詞的意義，起泛指或特指的作用。定冠詞the讀法:單獨念時讀［Ti:］,在句子中常發(fā)［Ti］（元音之前）或者［T口（輔音之前）;不定冠詞a/an的讀法：單獨念時讀［ei］/［An］；在句子中常發(fā)［□/［［n］。二、重難點解析：1、不定冠詞a/an的用法：不定冠詞a/an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音開頭的詞前面;an用在元音開頭的詞的前面。不定冠詞的基本用法：表示某一個人或東西，但不具體說明何人或何物。如：Thereisadoglyingontheground.（有一只狗躺在地上。）⑵表示某類人或事物，以區(qū)別于其他種類。如：Aelephantismuchstrongerthanaman.大象比人強壯多了。）（不能譯為：一頭大象比一個人強壯。）表示某類人或事物中的任何一個。如：HeisateacherofEnglish.（他是英語教師。）⑷表示“一”這個數(shù)量。如：Thereisatableandfourchairsinthatdiningroom.（在那個餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。）幾個用不定冠詞的習(xí)語：abit（一點）,alittle（一點）,afew（幾個）,alot（許多）,akindof（一種）,apairof（一副、一雙）,anumberof（大量的）,apieceof（一張、一片）,halfanhour（半小時）,haveagoodtime（玩得開心）,haveacold（感冒）,makeanoise（發(fā)出嘈雜聲）,have/takea（rest等）（休息）一會兒，等等。2、定冠詞the的用法：定冠詞the用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的名詞前面。定冠詞的基本用法：表示特指的人或事物。如：ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack..（手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克）指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Lookattheblackboard,Lily.莉莉，請看黑板。）復(fù)述前面提到過的人或事物。如：Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.（樹下有個人，那個人叫羅伯特。）表示世界上獨一無二的事物。如：Theearthturnsaroundthesun.（地球繞太陽旋轉(zhuǎn)。）用在表示方位的名詞前面。如：TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.（長江以南地區(qū)將會刮大風(fēng)。）在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級的前面。如：Whoisthefirstonetogo?（誰第一個去？）/Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.在所有的恒星之中太陽離地球最近）常用在樂器名稱的前面。如：Hebegantoplaytheviolinattheageof5.（五歲時他開始拉小提琴）用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱的前面。如：IhaveneverbeentotheHimalayaMountains.我從來沒有去過喜馬拉雅山）用在含有普通名詞的專有名詞的前面。如：HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.（他來自美利堅合眾國）（10）用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.下個月格林一家要去峨眉山）（11）same之前一般用the。如：LucyandLilylookthesame.（露西和莉莉看上去長得一樣）（12）幾個用定冠詞的習(xí)語：atthesametime（與此同時）,makethebed（鋪床）,intheend（最后）,allthetime（一直）,bytheway（順便說一下）,ontheway（在路上）等等。3、一些不用冠詞的情況：（1）專有名詞和（第一次使用）一些不可數(shù)名詞時前面通常不用。如：Chinaisaverylargecountry.（中國是個大國）/Manneedsairandwater.人類需要空氣和水）（2）名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語時不用。如：Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.（我的鋼筆比你的昂貴多了）周名，月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。如：HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.（（也出生在1995年二月十八日，星期一）/Theyusuallyplanttreesonthehillsinspring.（春天他們通常在山上植樹）⑷（第一次使用）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類別時不用。如：Menareclevererthanmonkeys.人比猴子聰明）三餐飯前不用。如：Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.我們在家吃早飯，在校吃午飯）節(jié)、假日前一般不用。如：OnChildren’sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.（在兒童節(jié)，這些男孩經(jīng)常得到父母的禮物）球類名詞前不用。如：ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayaftern00ns.孩子們星期六下午踢足球）城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱前不用。如：TheyarenowatPeople'sCinema.（他們此刻在人民電影院）三、典型例題：Thereislyingontheground.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：有一只狗躺在地上。用不定冠詞a表示某一個人或東西，但不具體說明何人或何物。ismuchstrongerthan.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（大象比人強壯多了。）（不能譯為：一頭大象比一個人強壯。）表示某類人或事物，以區(qū)別于其他種類。HeisteacherofEnglish.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（他是英語教師。）用不定冠詞a表示某類人或事物中的任何一個。Thereistableandfourchairsinthatdining-room.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（在那個餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。）用不定冠詞a表示“一”這個數(shù)量。manwithaflowerinhishandisJack..A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克）用定冠詞the表示特指的人或事物。Lookatblackboard,Lily.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（莉莉，請看黑板。）用定冠詞the指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。Thereisamanunderthetree.maniscalledRobert.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（樹下有個人，那個人叫羅伯特。）用定冠詞the復(fù)述前面提到過的人或事物。earthturnsaroundsun.A.a,a, B.an,anC.the,theD./,/解析：（地球繞太陽旋轉(zhuǎn)。）用定冠詞the表示世界上獨一無二的事物。TherewillbestrongwindtosouthoftheYangtzeRiver.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（長江以南地區(qū)將會刮大風(fēng)。）用定冠詞the用在表示方位的名詞前面。Whoisfirstonetogo?A.a B. an C.the D./解析：（誰第一個去？）用定冠詞the在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級的前面。Hebegantoplayviolinatthe ageof5.A.a B. an C.the D./解析：（五歲時他開始拉小提琴）用定冠詞the常用在樂器名稱的前面。IhaveneverbeentoHimalayaMountains.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（我從來沒有去過喜馬拉雅山）用定冠詞the用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱的前面。HeisfromUnitedStatesofAmerica.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（他來自美利堅合眾國）用定冠詞the用在含有普通名詞的專有名詞的前面。GreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（下個月格林一家要去峨眉山）用定冠詞the用在姓氏之前表示一家人。LucyandLilylooksame.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（露西和莉莉看上去長得一樣）same之前一般用the。Manneedsairandwater.A.a,a, B.an,anC.the,theD./,/解析：（人類需要空氣和水）專有名詞和（第一次使用）一些不可數(shù)名詞時前面通常不用。HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.A.a,a, B.an,anC.the,theD./,/解析：（他出生在1995年二月十八日，星期一）周名,月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。Menareclevererthanmonkeys.A.a,a, B.an,anC.the,theD./,/解析：（人比猴子聰明）（第一次使用）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類別時不用。Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.A.a,a, B.an,anC.the,theD./,/解析：（我們在家吃早飯,在校吃午飯）三餐飯前不用。OnChildren,sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（在兒童節(jié)，這些男孩經(jīng)常得到父母的禮物）節(jié)、假日前一般不用。ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayafternoons.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（孩子們星期六下午踢足球）球類名詞前不用。TheyarenowatPeople,sCinema.A.a B.anC.theD./解析：（他們此刻在人民電影院）城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱前不用。四、中考試題精選：Auatar（阿凡達）issuchwonderfulsciencefictionmoviethatIwanttoseeitsecondtime.【濰坊】A.a,aB.a,theC./,theD./,aIfyouworkhard,you’llget"A”intheexam.【黑龍江?雞西】A.a B.an C.the—What,smostusefulinventioninthe20thcentury?—computer,Ithink.[2010山東?泰安】A.the,A B.a,A C.the,TheD./,The——DoyouknowMeimei?——Yes,sheisfromauniversityandsheishonestgirl.12010四川?廣安】A.aB.anC./Cindyisamazingsinger.Shehaslotsoffans.[2010河北省卷】A.a B.an C.the D.不填1Howabout talentshow?[2010湖北?咸寧】—Ishouldsayitwas greatsuccess.A./;theB.a;theC.the;aD.the;/Alow-carbon（低碳）lifestylehaseffectonourdailylife.Peoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontosavingthesedays.[2010黑龍江?哈爾濱】A.the；energiesB.a；energyC.an；energy—Haveyoufoundaddressthatyouwanted?—Yes.It’. [2010貴州?銅仁】A.a B.an. C.the D不填We'dbettergetreadyforthedinnernowbecauseGreensarecomingtovisitustonight.[2010江蘇?鎮(zhèn)江】A.aB.an C.theD./Wecanhavebluerskyifwecreatelesspollutedworld[江蘇?蘇州】A.a；aB.a；the C.the；aD.the；the—Wheremayyouadvisemetostartmybusiness?一Inmyopinion,Yichangisoneofbestplacesforyou.[2010湖北?宜昌】A.the,the B./,the C.the,/ D./,/JennyisAmerican.SheworksincompanyinChinanow.【2010四川?內(nèi)江】A.an;a B.an;the C.a;an一Mike,couldyoucomeandgivemehand?[2010浙江?義烏】—OK,Mum.I’mcomingnow.A.a B.an C.the D.不填Theyoftentakewalkafterdinner.[2010甘肅.定西】A.a B./C.the D.anSamaranch,whoisoldfriendofChinesepeople,diedonApril21,2010. [2010山東?東營】A.a B.an C.the D./1willbeuniversitystudentinthreeyears.A.anB.aC.theD.不填[湖北?孝感】Ifyougobytrain,youcanhavequitecomfortablejourney,butmakesureyoutakefastone.【2010江蘇?無錫】A.a；aB.the；aC.the；theD.不填；a—Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture,Nick?—1wanttobepilot.Itisexcitingjob.【2011?河南省】A.a;aB.a;anC.the;anD,a;theThereisbigsupermarketincenterofourcity.【2011黑龍江綏化市】a;theB.the;aC.the;theJohncanplayguitar,buthecan'tplaychess.【2011涼山】A.the;/ B./;the C.the;the—Lilyiscomingbyplanetomorrow.—Letsgoto_airporttomeether.【2011廣西賀州】A.a;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the—Didyougetthereby bike?—No,Itooktaxi.【2011山東泰安】A.a;a B.不填;aC.the;the D.a;the—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?一teacherlikeyou.【2011浙江臺州】A.AB.AnC.TheD./OnMarch11,2011earthquakehitJapan.[2011山東濰坊】A.an B.a C.\ D.theLilyisactivegirlandsheisfondofplayingvolleyball.(2011江蘇宿遷)A.an;a B.a;the C.an;/ D.a;/Asweknow,EnglandisEuropeancountryandSingaporeisAsiancountry.【2011湖北黃岡】A.an;anB.an;a C.a;a D.a;an---Who,sboyinred,doyouknow?---Oh.He'sfriendofTom.【2011湖北十堰】A.the,a B.an,the C.a,the D.the,an—Lookatskirt.IboughtitforMotheronMothers,Day,isn/titnice?一Oh,whatnicepresent!【2011湖北黃石】A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.a;不填Thisnovelcanmakeyoulaughandcryatsametime.【2011上?！緼)aB)anC)theD)/WewillseeevenstrongerChinainnearfuture.【2011?無錫】A.a;theB.an;theC.the;aD.an;aWeshouldoftenhelppoor.【2011湖南永州】A.aB.不填C.theEnglishisinternationallanguage.【2011安徽蕪湖】A.a B.an C./ D.the—What’syourfavouritefruit?一Apples.Youknow,appleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.【2011?蘇州】A.aB.anC.theD.不填—Ismagazine.A.a;aB.the;theC.the;aIusuallygotoschoolonfoot.【2011湖南長沙】AaB.theC./YaoMing,NBAstar,willcontinuematchesthisseason.[2011新疆阜康】A.an,the B.an,a C.a,the D.the,aThereisreportintoday'snewspaper.It'saboutsportsmeetingthatwillbeheldinWeihai.[2011山東威?！緼.a;theB.an;theC.the;theD.a;aLadyGagaisverypopularsinger.Shehaslotsoffans.12011江蘇淮安】A.aB.an C.the D./Ilikemusic,butIdon’tlikemusicofthisfilm.[2011山東濟寧】A.a B.an C.the D.不填-Bytheendofthisyear,China'sstateandprovincial（省的）librarieswillbefreetothepublic.[2011四川樂山】-That,sgoodnewsforthosewhooftengototheseplaces.A.a B.the C.不填Samwantstobeactor.[2011湖南湘西】A.a B.the C.an—WhydoyoulikeJack?—Becauseheishonestboy.[2011湖南益陽】A.a B.an C.theBeijing,capitalofChina,haslonghistory.[2011江蘇徐州】A.a;aB.the;不填C.the;aD.不填；theLet’shavebreak;Iwanttomaketelephonecall.[2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭】A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;theAhorseisusefulanimal.[2011四川宜賓】A.aB.anC.theD./Weusuallygotoschoolonweekdays,andsometimesgotocinemaatweekends.[2011天津】A.不填；theB.the;theC.the;不填D.不填；不填__areplanningtogoonvacation.[2011烏魯木齊】A.Black'sB.ABlack'sC.TheBlack'sD.TheBlacks—Doyouknowgirlwhoisstandingundertree?—Ofcourse!SheisLucy,myclassmates.[2011廣東深圳】A.the,theB.a,aC.a,/D./,theMyuncleisengineer.Heworksveryhard.[2011?四川南充】A.the B.a C.anOnApril12,1961,27—year—oldYuri6888「仍（尤里.加加林）becamethefirsthumantogointospace.[2011山東菏澤】A.the;不填 B.the;theC.a;不填 D.a;theOurChineseteachertoldus interestingstoryand storywasaboutThomasEdison.[2011?蘭州】A.an;aB.the;theC.a;theD.an;theTheeveningpartywasreallyfun.Wehadgreattime.[2011浙江麗水】A.aB.anC.theD.不填-Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast,Peter?-Afriendegg,threepiecesofbreadandaglassofmilk.（2011?南京）A.aB.anC