(完整word版)英美國家歷史與文化答案

Chapter1LandandHistoryChoosethemostappropriateanswertoeachquestionorstatement.(5pointsforeach)ThefollowingfigureswereoftenconsideredthefoundingfathersoftheAmericanRepublicEXCEPT__C_.A.GeorgeWashingtonB.ThomasJeffersonC.RogerWilliamsD.JohnAdamsThefollowingweresomeofthecharacteristicsofPuritanismEXCEPT_A_.A.Manifestdestiny B.ReligiousfreedomC.Intolerantmoralism D.SeparationofstateandchurchThe1920swasassociatedwiththefollowingEXCEPT__D.A.SilentmoviesB.KuKluxKlanC.ProhibitionD.TelevisionClintonwasthesecondUSpresidenttobeimpeachedbytheHouseofRepresentatives,butretiredinthe_A_.A.TheSenateB.theSupremeCourtC.TheDepartmentofJusticeD.TheFederalReserve5)WhichofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceintheNixonadministration?BA.VietnamizationB.CubanMissileCrisisA.VietnamizationB.CubanMissileCrisisC.WatergateScandal2.MatchtheUSpresidenteach)C.WatergateScandal2.MatchtheUSpresidenteach)D.Re-establishingUSwithChina.withtheeventthattookplaceinhispresidency.(5pointsforAbrahamLincolnFranklinD.Roosevelt.JohnF.KennedyRichardNixoncAbrahamLincolnFranklinD.Roosevelt.JohnF.KennedyRichardNixoncBillClintonbNewDealRapiddevelopmentinITIndustryWatergateScandalCubanMissileCrisisCivilWar3.TranslatetheEnglishpassageintoChinese.WhenanAmericansaysthatheloveshiscountry,hemeansnotonlythathelovestheNewEnglandhills,theprairiesglisteninginthesun,thewideandrisingplains,thegreatmountains,andthesea.Hemeansthathelovesaninnerair,aninnerlightinwhichfreedomlivesandinwhichamancandrawthebreathofself-respect.當(dāng)一個(gè)美國人說他熱愛他的祖國， 他不僅僅意味著他深愛著新英格蘭連綿的山丘，陽光下熠熠生輝的草原，寬闊無邊際的平原，巍峨的高山和一望無際的大海。 他真正想表達(dá)的是他熱愛美國內(nèi)在的氛圍， 內(nèi)在的精神那就是在美國這片土地上他可以自由的呼吸， 有尊嚴(yán)的生活。Chapter2GovernmentandPoliticsChoosethemostappropriateanswertoeachquestionorstatement.(5pointsforeach)Congresscanoverridethepresident'svotebyavote.AA.two-thirdsB.Three-fourthsC.SinglemajorityD.four-fifthsTherearecurrentlySupremeCourtjusticesonthebench.BA.7 B.9 C.11 D.13TheFounderswantedthebranchtobethedominantbranchofthefederalgovernment.BA.executiveB.legislativeC.JudicialD.mediaAmongtheelectedpoliticalofficials,onlyareelectedbyallcitizensoftheUnitedStates.CA.CongressmanB.Vice-presidentC.PresidentD.StategovernorsWhatisthemostimportantweaponinthehandofSupremeCourt?DA.VetoB.OverridingavetoC.ImpeachmentD.Judicialreview..Judgewhethereachstatementistrue(T)orfalse(F).(5pointsforeach)1)F_AfricanAmericanhadtherightstovotein1776.2)__F__FortheUnitedStates,oneofthebasicprinciplesissocialistdemocracy.3)__TAmericanpresidenthasnovoteincongress.4)__F__MostofthebillsintroducedtoCongresscaneventuallybecomelaw.5)_F__WilsonsucceededtopersuadeCongresstoratifytheTreatyofVersailles..TranslatetheEnglishpassageintoChinese.WhateverchangesinObama'shandlingofforeignaffairs,onethingtobesureaboutisthatthechangesaretacticalinnature.ManyofthegoalspursuedbytheBushadministrationremainunchanged.First,Americawilllead.AsSecretaryofStateHillaryClintonputit,Thequestionisnotwhetherournationcanorshouldlead,buthowitwillleadinthe21stcentury."Second,exportofdemocracywillcontinue,butlesswiththehelpofbayonet.Third,militarystrengthanduseofforceareimportant.Wewillnothesitatetodefendourfriends,ourinterestandalsoallourpeople,vigorouslyandwhennecessarywiththeworld'sstrongestmilitary.不管奧巴馬怎樣改變其處理外國事物的手段， 我們可以確定的一點(diǎn)是這些變動(dòng)在本質(zhì)上都是外交策略。布什總統(tǒng)執(zhí)政時(shí)期追求的很多目標(biāo)都沒有變。首先，美國將會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)其他國家。正如美國國務(wù)卿希拉里? 克林頓所說：現(xiàn)在的問題不是我們國家能不能或該不該領(lǐng)導(dǎo)， 而是我們應(yīng)怎樣在21世紀(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。其次，民主輸出將會(huì)繼續(xù)，但是要減少對武力的依賴。再次，軍備實(shí)力和武裝的調(diào)度很重要。 “我們將毫不猶豫的保護(hù)我們的朋友，保障我們的利益和我們的人民，并將在必要的時(shí)候大力的動(dòng)用世界上最強(qiáng)大的軍事力量。 ”Chapter4SocialLifeandCultureChoosethemostappropriateanswertoeachquestionorstatement.(5pointsforeach)1)whichofthefollowingisanon-profitpublictelevisionnetworkintheUS?CA.ABC B.CBS C.PBS D.CNNJazzhasitsrootsinthefollowingEXCEPT.DA.WestAfricanmusicalculture.B.AfricanAmericanmusictraditionsC.EuropeanmilitarybandmusicD.AmericannativeIndianmusicwhichisnotincludedinthethemeofcountrymusic?BA.Loveandromance B.WarandpeaceC.Pastglories D.ReligiousbeliefswhichthemeamongthefourwastheLEASTrelevanttoErnestHemingway'sworks?BA.WarB.RomanceC.Death D.DisillusionmentwhichoneamongthefollowingwriterswasanAfricanAmerican?BA.ArthurMillerB.ToniMorrisonC.MarkTwainD.J.D.Salinger.Judgewhethereachstatementistrue(T)orfalse(F).(5pointsforeach)1)__T_Americanchurchesarenotonlyplaceswhereceremoniesareconducted,butcommunitycentersforpeopletomakefriendswitheachother.2)_F__AmericansobservetheLaborDayonthesamedayastheChinese.3)__F_Americansonlylikepopularmusicwhilelittleattentionispaidtoclassicalmusic.4)__T_CountrymusicwasoriginallyplayedandlistenedtobyAmericansfarmers.

5)__T_Rock'n'rollisnotonlyaformofmusicbutalsoalifestyle..TranslatetheEnglishpassageintoChinese.ToniMorrisonisanAfrican-Americannovelist.Herrichlywovenfictionhasgainedherinternationalreputation.Inhernovels,shetreatsthecomplexidentitiesofblackpeopleinauniversalmanner.Andin1993,shewontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.InherearlyworkTheBluestEye(1970),astrong-willedyoungblackgirltellsthestoryofPecolaBreedlove,whosurvivesanabusivefather.Pecolabelievesthatherdarkeyesmagicallybecomeblue,andthattheywillmakeherlovable.Morrisonhassaidthatshewascreatingherownsenseofidentityasawriterthroughthisnovel:"IwasPecola,Claudia,everybody/'herotherbooksincludeSula(1973),SongofSolomon(1977),andBeloved(1987).托尼?莫里森是一位著名的非裔美籍小說家。她憑借其情節(jié)跌宕起伏的小說而享譽(yù)全球。在她的小說里，她一一種最普遍的方式來處理黑人復(fù)雜的身份認(rèn)知。她與 1993年獲得里諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。在其早期的作品《最藍(lán)的眼睛》 (1970)中，一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的黑人女孩講述了一個(gè)從有暴力傾向的父親手里存活下來的帕克拉? 布里得拉維的故事。帕克拉相信她的黑色眼睛奇跡般的變成藍(lán)色， 并且藍(lán)色的眼睛會(huì)讓她變得討人喜歡。 莫里森說過她是以一個(gè)作家的身份通過這本小說來建立自己的身份認(rèn)知。 “大家好，我是帕克拉?克勞迪婭?！彼渌淖髌钒ā短K拉》(1973),《所羅門之歌》(1977)和《親愛的》(1987)。Chapter6LandanHistory.Choosethemostappropriateanswertoeachquestionorstatement.(5pointsforeach)GreatBritainincludesthefollowingEXCEPT.DA.EnglandB.WalesC.ScotlandD.NorthernIreland.whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetextaboutLondonasacenterof?DA.PoliticsB.CommerceC.CultureD.Industry.theitemthatDoomsdaybookdidnotrecordwas.DA.Landandproperty B.MillsandcottagesC.DutiesandlandownersD.Petanimalsthegloriousrevolution”of1688putonthethrone.DA.CharlesIB.CharlesIIC.JamesIID.WilliamandMary.OliverCromwellruledEnglandforaboutyearsinthe17thcentury.AA.10 B.20 C.30 D.50BenNeviscTheThamesaLochNessdBenNeviscTheThamesaLochNessdAlfredtheGreatWilliamtheConquerordthebest-knownriverintheIKwholedSaxonagainstinvasionbytheVikingsthehighestpeakintheUKalakeinScottishHighlandswhoruledEnglandfromearly11thcentury.TranslatetheEnglishpassageintoChinese.Thecityisappreciatedforitsbeautyanditsculturallife,particularlyduringtheworld-famousEdinburghFestival,acollectionofseveralfestivalsofmusicanddramaheldinautumnatvariouscentersinEdinburgh.TheEdinburghMilitaryTattoo(anannualmilitaryparade)isheldintheparadegroundofthecastleforthreeweeksinAugustanSeptember.TheeventisapopulartouristattractionanaddscolortotheEdinburghFestival.這座城市以其美麗的風(fēng)光和豐富的文化生活而為人所向往， 尤其是在世界聞名的愛丁堡節(jié)慶期間一一秋季，在各種各樣的中心開展豐富多彩的音樂節(jié)和戲劇節(jié)。 每年的八月和九月都會(huì)在城堡的游行廣場舉行為期三周的愛丁堡軍樂節(jié)(一種年度的軍隊(duì)游行) 。這個(gè)盛世喜迎了很多的游客，同時(shí)，也為愛丁堡節(jié)慶增添了色彩。Chapter7GovernmentandPoliticsChoosethemostappropriateanswerstoeachquestionorstatement.Abilldealingwithfinanceisintroduced.BA.IntheHouseofLords B.IntheHouseofCommonsC.BytheLordChancellor D.BytheHomeofSecretaryThePrimeMinisterleadsin.AA.TheCabinetB.TheHouseofOfficeC.ParliamentD.ThejudiciaryTheConservativeandLaborpartiespredominantthegeneralelectioneversince.BA.1920B.1945 C.1950D.1975ThegeneralelectionintheUKisheldeveryyears.DA.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.FiveStatuelaintheUKconsistsof.CA.PracticeincourtB.ConventionC.ActsofParliamentD.CustomsJudgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementistrue(T)orfalse(F)._FTheCabinetconsistsofonlyimportantdepartmentminsters.__F__OnlytheHouseofCommonscanintroducebills.3)T_TonyBlairranthegovernmentinthreetermsinarow.__T__ChancelloroftheExchequerisaCabinetminister.__F__NO.10DowningStreetstandsfortheCabinetwhileBuckinghamPalacestandsforParliament.TranslatetheEnglishpassageintoChinese.OfficialUKpolicysince1997towardsChinaistoadvanceitscommercialinterestsandtopromotepositive"socialandpoliticalchangeinChina.TheUKretainsapoliticaldialoguewithChinaoverhumanrightsapartfromparticipatinginmultilateraldialoguethroughtheEU.Ineffect,increasingeconomictieswithChinaisseenasbeingthebestwayofintegratingChinaintointernationalsocietyandalsoofbenefitingtheinterestsofUKbusiness.Thebilateraltradeandeconomiccooperationbetweennationshasenjoyedcontinueddevelopment.TheUnitedKingdomremainsChina'slargestinterestinvestorandthesecondlargesttradepartneramongcountries.自1997年起，英對中的官方政策一推動(dòng)商貿(mào)交易和促進(jìn)中國在社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的改革委中心。除了歐盟的多方會(huì)談外，英國還就人權(quán)問題同中國保持對話。 事實(shí)上，加強(qiáng)中英雙方的經(jīng)濟(jì)交流是中國融入國際社會(huì)的最好方式， 同時(shí)也是有利于英國商業(yè)受益的最好方式。 中英兩國的雙方貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)合作持續(xù)推進(jìn)。 在所有歐盟國家中，英國是中國最大的投資國和第二大貿(mào)易伙伴。Chapter9SociallifeChoosethemostappropriateanswerstoeachquestionorstatement.Britishwayoflifehasoftenbeendescribedasbeing.AA.Peacefulandquiet B.UnderdevelopmentC.Poorandmiserable D.MaterializedWhichofthefollowingchangesisNOTaccurateaboutBritishfood?CA.QualityB.CharacterC.TasteD.ChefsInaBritishpubonecandothefollowingEXCEPT.BOrderadrinkatthebarOrderfoodatatableTalktostrangersfreelyTalktoothersnoisily.ThesportthatisbeingcriticizedintheUKis.AA.FoxhuntingB.FootballC.OpencampingD.HorseracingWhichofthefollowingisaqualitypaper?AA.DailyTelegraphB.DailyMirrorC.DailyMailD.DailyExpressJudgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementistrue(T)orfalse(F).1)__T__therearerapidgrowthinthepost-warprosperityofBritishsociety.2)__T__BritishpeopleenjoyfoodfromforeignrestaurantsintheUK.3)__F__MostoftheBritishholidaysnowarespentbypeopletravelingabroad.4)F_Thelowpriceofferedbyout-of-townmallscanbeupsetbythecostofpetrolusedfordrivingthere.5)_F Mostoftheowner-occupieddwellingshavebeenacquiredwiththeaidfromthegovernment.TranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChinese.NewspapersintheUKspeakforclass-basedgroups.Thetwotabloidshaveapredominantlyworking-classreadership,thequalities"amoremiddle-classandwell-educatedone.AdvertisementsfoeteachersandsocialworkersusuallyappearintheTheGuardianbecauseteachersanssocialworkersareapttoreadTheGuardian,whichsupporttheinterestsofpublicsectoremployees.Incontrast,TheTimesspeaksforwhatusedtobecalledtheestablishment.TheDailyExpressandDailyMailaremoreup-markettabloidsandhaveasociallymorerepresentativereadership.在英國，針對不同的階級有不同的報(bào)紙。通俗小報(bào)擁有很多工薪階層的讀者，而 “品質(zhì)”報(bào)則擁有中產(chǎn)階級和受過良好教育的讀者。在《衛(wèi)報(bào)》上常?？墙處熀蜕绻さ恼衅笍V告，因?yàn)榻處熀蜕绻A向于看維護(hù)公共雇員利益的 《衛(wèi)報(bào)》。相反，《時(shí)代周刊》則為所謂國家利益機(jī)構(gòu)代言?！睹咳湛靾?bào)》和《每日郵報(bào)》是較上層的小報(bào)并且擁有較有社會(huì)代表性的讀者。Chapter11ANationfromSeatoSeaJudgewhethereachofstatementistrue(F)orfalse(F).1)__F__Inarea,Canadaisthelargestcountryitheworld.2)F_Canadahasalwaysbeenrankedinfirstplaceas'themostlivablecountryintheworld.”3)__T__ThewesternmostprovinceofBritishColumbiaisinthePacificRegion.4)__T__ThemajorityofpopulationinTorontoisofneitherBritishnorFrenchdescent.5)__T__ThenewlysetupoftheItaliannavigatorwholandedinNewfoundlandin1497isJohnCabot.MatchtheitemsinColumnAwiththeanswersinColumnB.CanadasfirstPrimeMinisterca.ChamplainFatherofNewFrancea b.OttawaLargestCanadiancityd c.JohnA.Macdonald

TheofficialLanguagesActeCapitalcityofCanadabd.Torontoe.PierreE.Trudeand.Torontoe.PierreE.TrudeanWhenIthinkofCanada,Ithinkofforestsfilledwithanimals,andvastamountsoftrees.Ithinkofmountainshigh,oflakeswherebeaverslive.WhenIthinkofCanada,Iseehockeyontheice,andbaseballplayersonthefield,holdingourflagwithpride.WhenIthinkofCanada,Ithinkofpeopleproud,tobeofdifferentcultures,IthinkofNiagaraFalls,thenaturalwondersofourland.WhenIthinkofCanada,IseethegreatSkyDome.Iseeaplacethatmanypeoplecanproudlycalltheirhome.Chapter14TheCountryDownUnderChoosethemostappropriateanswerstoeachquestionorstatements5pointsforeach)Currently,Australia'sbiggesttradingpartneris.AA.ChinaB.JapanC.TheUSAD.ASEANcountries.AustraliaandChinaestablisheddiplomaticrelationsin.BA.1971B.1972C.1973D.1974AustraliaisNOTamemberof.CA.APECB.ANZUSC.ASEAND.WTOWhichofthefollowingisaminoritypartyinAustralianpolitics? DA.TheAustralianLaborParty B.TheLiberalPartyC.TheNationalParty D.TheAustralianGreens.Whichofthefollowingstatementstrue?DThepartythatwinsthemajorityofseatsintheSenateformsthegovernment.ThePrimeMinsterisappointedbytheGovernor-General.TheHouseofRepresentativeshasanequalmembersformeachstate.TheSenatehasanequalnumberofmembersfromeachstate.MatchtheitemsinColumnAwiththeanswersinColumnB.SouthAustraliad a.themostisolatedcityintheworld.AustraliaDayc b.themostartificialcityinAustraliaAdvancedAustraliaFair'e c.SurvivedDayfortheindigenouspeopleCanberrab d.aconvict-freecolonyPertha e.nationalanthemofAustraliaTranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChinese.Australiaisthesecondlargestcountryinthesouthernhemisphereintermsofislandarea,neattoBrazil.Itisalsotheonlycountryintheworldthatoccupiesawholecontinent.TheAustraliancontinentisthesmallestofallthecontinents;atthesametimeitisalsothelargestislandintheworld.ThetotalterritoryofAustraliacoversanareaof7'692'024sqkm(AustralianBureauofStatistics,2006).Itisthesixthlargestcountryintheworld,afterRussia,Canada,China,theUnitedStatesandBrazil.就陸地面積而言，澳大利亞是南半球面積第二的國家。 毗鄰巴西。它也是世界上唯一一個(gè)獨(dú)占一個(gè)大洲的國家。澳大利亞大陸是所有大陸中面積最小的；同時(shí)，它也是世界上最大的島嶼。澳大利亞的所有領(lǐng)地面積為7,692,024平方千米。（澳大利亞國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局2006年數(shù)據(jù)）它是世界上第六大國家，僅次于俄羅斯，加拿大，中國，美國和巴西。

Chapter17Land,HistoryandPeople.Judgewhethereachstatementistrue(F)orfalse(F).1)T_ItwastheVikinginvadersthatgaveIrelanditspresentname.2)F_LikeEnglish,IrishGaeilgebelongstoRomanlanguages.3)__F__Irelanddeclareditselfarepublicin1922.4)T_TheTainisthetitlefortheIrishCeltssaga.5)__T__Whenfoundedin1594,TrinityCollege,DublinwasopenonlytoProtestants.MatchtheitemsinColumnAwiththeanswersinColumnB.StBrigidaMariaEdgeworthcStBrigidaMariaEdgeworthcHenryIIbHenryVIIIeElizabethIatoafullKingdomd.CO-founderofanunneryinCountyKildaree.Britishking/queenwhoupgradedIrelandfromLordshipTranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChinese.Despitethesetensions,mostofthe1ghcenturywasaperiodofrelativepeaceincomparisonwiththeprecedingtwohundredyearsandthetwocenturiestofollow.Duringthisperiodthepopulationdoubledtocoverfourmillion,and,whilethistimeisrecalledinfolkmemoryasoneofpoliticaloppressionofthemajorityoftheIrishpopulation,bythelate18thcentury,manyoftheAnglo-Irishrulingclass-onceconsideredtooIrishinEnglandandtooEnglishinIreland,nowbecamequiteadamantlyIrishinIreland.ItisperhapsoneofthegreatestironiesofBritishcolonizationthat,intherevoltsoverthecomingcentury,thosewhoinspiredthemwerelargelyProtestant,well-bornandAnglo-Iris