八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)與知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

LOGO八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?（談?wù)摷倨谏?，一般過(guò)去時(shí)）Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?（談?wù)撋盍?xí)慣，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）Unit3I‘mmoreoutgoingthanmysister（談?wù)撌挛飳?duì)比,形容詞比較級(jí)）Unit4What'sthebestmovietheater?（談?wù)撌挛锉容^，形容詞最高級(jí)）Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?（談?wù)搩?nèi)心想法，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.(談?wù)勆畹哪繕?biāo)，一般將來(lái)時(shí))Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?(對(duì)將來(lái)生活的預(yù)言，一般將來(lái)時(shí))Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?(描述過(guò)程步驟，祈使句)Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?(發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，接受和拒絕邀請(qǐng)的表達(dá)）Unit10Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime！(if的條件狀語(yǔ)從句)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：see-,say-,give-,get-,come-,eat-,take-,run-,sing-,put-,read-,write-,draw-,drink-,fly-,ride-,speak-,sweep-,swim-,sit-fly_______

plant________

are________drink_______

make________

dance________worry________

ask_____

taste_________eat_______

draw______

put______throw_______

spend_______

pass_______重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：goonvacation去度假gotothemountains去爬山inthepast在過(guò)去

walkaround…..四處走走onebowlof…

一碗…ofcourse當(dāng)然findout查明，弄清

takephotos照相upanddown上上下下

feellike感受到

comeup上來(lái)

comedown下來(lái)visitmuseums參觀博物館gotosummercamp去夏令營(yíng)quiteafew相當(dāng)多，不少studyfor……為…而學(xué)習(xí)goout出去mostofthetime大多數(shù)時(shí)間tastegood嘗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)gotothebeach去沙灘

somethingimportant重要的事情習(xí)慣用法：1.buysthforsb./buysb.sth為某人買某物2.taste+adj.嘗起來(lái)……3.nothing….but+V.(原形)除了…之外什么都沒(méi)有4.arrivein+大地方

arriveat+小地方到達(dá)某地5.trydoingsth.嘗試做某事

trytodosth.盡力做某事

tryone`sbesttodosth盡力做某事6.startdoingsth.開(kāi)始做某事7.stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事

stoptodo

sth停下來(lái)去做另一件事8.dislikedoingsth.不喜歡做某事9.Whynotdosth.為什么不做…….呢？10.so....that....如此…以至于11.tellsb.(not)todosth.告訴某人（不要）做某事12.keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事

forgettodosth.忘記去做某事

forgetdoingsth忘記做過(guò)某事1.anyone,someone

否定形式：nobody/noone(1)表示“某人”，常用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句E.g.Cananyonegowithyou?有人能和你一起去嗎？(2)指“任何人”時(shí)，也可用于肯定句。E.g.Anyonecanjoinourclub.任何人都可以加入我們的俱樂(lè)部。(3)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式E.g.Ifanyonecomes,pleaseaskhim(them)towaitforamoment.

如果有人來(lái)，請(qǐng)讓他（他們）稍等。2.Quiteafew相當(dāng)多；不少（修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞）

AfewalittleFewlittle3.(1)seem+形容詞看起來(lái)…..e.g.Youseemhappytoday.(2)seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事e.g.Iseemtohaveacold(3)Itseems/seemed+從句看起來(lái)好像…；似乎….e.g.Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.(4)seemlike….好像，似乎…..e.g.Itseemslikeagoodidea.4.becauseof

因?yàn)?由于。后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接句子。

e.g.

Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.

because因?yàn)?。連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。e.g.

Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.1.Sheisnewhere,soshehas

friendsatschool.A.muchB.fewC.littleD.alittle2.Hehadtoretire（退休）early

poorhealth.A.asaresultB.becauseC.soD.becauseof3.Whatgoodweatheritis!Wedecided

.A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout4.Didyoubuy

yesterday?A.somethingspecialB.specialsomethingC.anythingspecialD.specialanything5.Wehadgreatfun

inthewater.A.playB.playedC.playingD.toplay6.It’sveryimportantforhim

melaugh.A.tomakeB.makingC.makesD.madeUnit2

Howoftendoyouexercise?helpsbwithsth幫助某人做某事usetheInternet上網(wǎng)befree/available＝

benotbusy=

havetime有空havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈和鋼琴課stayuplate熬夜到很晚atleast至少，不少于，起碼gotobedearly早睡begoodfor對(duì)….有好處begoodatdoingsth擅長(zhǎng)做某事gocamping去野營(yíng)inone’sfreetime在某人的業(yè)余時(shí)間里gotothedentist看牙科醫(yī)生oldhabitsdiehard舊習(xí)難改lessthan少于

morethan多于=overtakecareofsb照料某人=lookaftersb照顧某人getin…進(jìn)入…belatefor

遲到習(xí)慣用法：1.helpsb.withsth＝helpsbdosth幫助某人做某事2.Howaboutdoing…?….怎么樣？/….好不好？3.wantsb.todosth.想讓某人做某事5.主語(yǔ)+find+that從句…發(fā)現(xiàn)…7.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度過(guò)時(shí)光8.asksb.aboutsth.向某人詢問(wèn)某事9.bydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事10.What’syourfavorite…..?你最喜歡的……是什么？11startdoingsth.開(kāi)始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式13.befullof…=befilledwith…被…裝滿,填滿14.whataboutdoing

sth？做某事怎么樣？15.not….atall

一點(diǎn)兒也不1.Howoften,howlong,howsoon,howmanytimes(1)howoften“隔多久”，問(wèn)頻度。答語(yǔ)：onceaweek等

(2)howlong“多久了”，問(wèn)時(shí)間段。答語(yǔ)：fortwoweeks等

(3)howsoon“多久以后”，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)。答語(yǔ)：intwodays等

(4)howmanytimes“多少次”，問(wèn)次數(shù)。

答語(yǔ)：once,twice,threetimes等

2.percent百分?jǐn)?shù)，

基數(shù)詞+percent

percent沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)所修飾的名詞來(lái)判斷謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassare

girls.

e.g.

Thirtypercentoftimepassed.Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysisterthesingingcompetition

唱歌比賽

besimilarto

與……相像的/類似的thesameas與……相同；與……一致bedifferentfrom

與……不同careabout

關(guān)心；介意belikeamirror

像一面鏡子themostimportant

最重要的aslongas

只要；既然bringout

使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出

getbettergrades

取得更好的成績(jī)r(jià)eachfor

伸手取

touchone’sheart感動(dòng)某人

betalentedinmusic有音樂(lè)天賦makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事

as+adj./adv.的原級(jí)+as與……一樣……形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)律(1)單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞后面直接加-er或-est

tall—taller—tallest

fast—faster—fastest(2)以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞直接加-r或st

large—larger—largest

nice—nicer—nicest

fine-finer-finest(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，則將改y為i再加-er變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加–est變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。

busy—busier—busiest

heavy—heavier—heaviest(4以字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加–r變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加–st變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。large—larger—largestfree—freer—freest)(5)多音節(jié)以及某些雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，通常在其前加more變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加most變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。形容詞最高級(jí)前一般要加定冠詞the，副詞最高級(jí)前the可省略。important—moreimportant—themostimportantcomfortably—morecomfortably—（the）most

comfortably(6)不規(guī)則變化good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbadworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest二、形容詞各等級(jí)的用法：1.形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)(1)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)“as+adj/adv+as”e.g.Mypictureisasbeautifulastheirs.(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)“notas/so+adj./adv.+as”e.g.Samdoesn'tstudyas/sohardashissister.2.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)(1)形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+thane.g.Hisbikeisnewerthanhisfather's.(2)the+比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)...越…越...e.g.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙越感到高興。

e.g.Themore,thebetter.越多越好（多多益善）。3.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)，“越來(lái)越......”e.g.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.中國(guó)正變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。4.the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo,"兩個(gè)中比較......的"e.g.Theappleisthebiggerofthetwo.這個(gè)蘋果是兩個(gè)比較大的。5.Which/Who+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)，AorB?e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?6.形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)

alittlealot+比較級(jí)much1.--Whatdoyouthinkofthedress?--Wonderful.Idon'tthinkIcanfinda()one.

A.goodB.betterC.bad2.--Bill,who'sthelittleboyinthepicture?--It'sme.Iammuch()now,aren'tI?

A.strongB.strongerC.strongest3.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,()IenjoylivinginChina.

A.thebetterB.themoreC.thebest

Unit4What’sthebestmovietheater?movietheater電影院becloseto…離……近c(diǎn)lothesstore服裝店intown在鎮(zhèn)上sofar到目前為止10minutesbybus坐公共汽車10分鐘的路程have….incommon有相同特征（想法、興趣方面）相同

aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界moreandmore……越來(lái)越……andsoon等等beupto是……的職責(zé)；由……決定makeup編造（故事謊言等）take...seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待......cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)Unite5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?重要短語(yǔ)：

talkshow脫口秀soapopera肥皂劇sportsshow體育節(jié)目gameshow游戲節(jié)目talentshow才藝表演plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事expecttodosth.期望做某事haveadiscussionabout做有關(guān)......的討論bereadyto愿意做某事thinkof考慮，想起dressup喬裝打扮；裝扮takesb'splace代替；替換=insteadofsbdoagoodjob干得好can'tstand不能容忍Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoulike…?你認(rèn)為…怎么樣?

Whatdoyouthinkofsoapoperas?=Howdoyoulike

soapoperas?2.find,findout,lookfor

(1)find"找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)"，指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物或某種情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”的結(jié)果(2)findout"查明，弄清，"指通過(guò)調(diào)查，詢問(wèn)，打聽(tīng)，研究等一番努力或曲折之后才搞清楚，弄明白。(3)lookfor“尋找”，有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”的動(dòng)作。Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputersciencebesureabout對(duì)....有把握，確信

makesure確信，證實(shí),確保

too…to…太...以至于不能....

send…to…把...送到....beableto會(huì)，能夠

themeaningof...的意思

atthebeginningof在......開(kāi)始

writedown寫(xiě)下

havetodowith與......有關(guān)takeup從事，培養(yǎng)，學(xué)著做keepondoing持續(xù)做takesinginglessons上歌唱課getgoodgrades取得好成績(jī)makepromises做承諾一般將來(lái)時(shí)用法1.定義在將來(lái)某一個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可以表示打算好在將來(lái)要去做的動(dòng)作。2.形式(1)will+動(dòng)詞原形(2)begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)3.Begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)的基本句型肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+goingtodo否定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not+goingtodo一般疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+goingtodo?肯定回答：yes,主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞否定回答：no,主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的判斷(1)“this”e.g.Attheendofthismonth注：thismorning常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)(2)表示將來(lái)的短語(yǔ)或日期。Soon,fromnowon,inthefuture,inafewdays’time,inamoment,intheyear2015

(3)有跡象表明或從句意判斷出某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是在將來(lái)發(fā)生或存在的，也用將來(lái)時(shí)。

E.g.Theboysareputtingtheirbooksandpensintheirbags.Ithinktheyaregoingtowalkhome.5.Will用法：(1)表示“帶意愿色彩的將來(lái)”(2)在問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意，或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)(3)在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)是第一人稱（I和we）時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall;1.Everyone____abletoownrobotsinthefuture.A.areB.isC.willD.willbe2.--Willpeopleliveto200yearsold?--

.A.Yes,therewillB.Yes,theywill3.--There

twofootballmatchesonTVtomorrowafternoon.--Really?That’sgreat.A.willhaveB.aregoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.aregoingtohave4.Thegirl

anewcomputerforherselfnextyear.A.buyB.buysC.isbuyingD.isgoingtobuy5.--Aretheregoingtobemoretrees?--Yes,

.A.therebeB.thereisC.thereareD.therearegoingto6.Mybrotherisgoingto

anengineerwhenhe

up.A.do;growB.do;growsC.be;growD.be;grows1.Tom

(pick)applesonthefarmthisSundays.2.There

(be)atalkoneducationinourschooltomorrow.3.Usuallymyfather

(finish)hisworkataquartertofive.4.Everydayhe

(do)thesamething.5.--Didyougooutyesterday?--Yes.I

(go)tothemovieswithmycousin.6.

everything(be)readyintwohours?7.Who

___(give)usatalkonthecomputerintwodays?

Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)befree免費(fèi)indanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中playapartindoing參與（某事;在做某事中盡一份力movetootherplanets搬到其他星球livetobe...活到......wakeup醒來(lái)overandoveragain多次，反復(fù)地hundredsof許多，大量falldown突然倒下，跌倒，倒塌humanservants人類的仆人getbored厭倦therewillbe將有，將要flyrocketstothemoon乘火箭到月球liveonaspacestation住在太空站atsomepoint從某方面來(lái)說(shuō)()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.

A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobe

C.isgoingtobe

D.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.

A.isn'tworking

B.doesn'tworking

C.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________free

nextweek.

A.willbe;is

B.is;is

C.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrow

evening.

A.was

B.isgoingtohave

C.willhave

D.isgoingtobe()5.-_____you______freetomorrow?-No.I_____free

thedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.

A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give

Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?turnon打開(kāi)；接通（電流，煤氣，水等）add...to把......添加到......cutup把......切碎onemorething還有一件事o把......倒入makepopcorn制作爆米花halfacup半杯plantatree植樹(shù)digahole挖一個(gè)坑cover...with...用......把......遮住opiece把......切成小碎片onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)的makesth.hot給......加熱mixsomethingtogether把......混合在一起o...把......放入......traditionalfood傳統(tǒng)食物onspecialholidays在特殊的節(jié)日givethanksforsth.因?yàn)槟呈露兄xbydoingsth.通過(guò)做某事祈使句的運(yùn)用1.祈使句是表示命令，請(qǐng)求別人做某事或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的句子。說(shuō)話對(duì)象是第二人稱代詞（you），可以省略。e.g.Cometoschoolearliernexttime.下次早點(diǎn)來(lái)學(xué)校。2.祈使句類型(1)do型(動(dòng)詞原形)e.g.Sitdown,please.(2)let型e.g.Let'sgotoschool.(3)be型e.g.Beagoodboy.做一個(gè)好孩子。3.祈使句否定形式在肯定祈使句前加don't,"不要....."4.其他部分表示疑問(wèn)的句子，含有使某人做某事之意，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)祈使句的作用。

Whydon‘tyoustandup?=Pleasestandup.

1.Youmustlistentotheteachercarefully.(改為祈使句)()()theteachercarefully,please.2.Youcan'tpourdirtywaterintotheriver.(改為祈使句)()()dirtywaterintotheriver.3.Pleasecloseyourbook!(改為同義句)()()pleasecloseyourbook?

4.TheTVistooloud.Please________.

A.turnitdownB.toturnitdown

C.turndownitD.toturndownit5._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.

A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't6.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

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