英文民族介紹

GROUP7Historyandregion傈僳族最早生活在四川、云南交界的金沙江流域一帶，后逐步遷到滇西怒江地區(qū)定居下來。傈僳族是云南特有民族，主要聚居在云南省怒江傈僳族自治州和維西傈僳族自治縣Lisuclanfirstliveinsichuan,yunnanborderjinshajiangriverarea,aftermovingtowesternyunnannujiangriverareagraduallysettlingdown.LisuclanisuniqueinyunnannationalandmainlylivedinyunnanprovincenujianglisuclanautonomousprefectureandweixilisuclanLanguage

TheLiSuminorityusetheLiSuLanguage.Beforeliberation,theLiSupeopletieknotsandcarvewoodtonotethings.Since1949,thepartyandthegovernmenthavehelpedtheLiSupeopleproducednewcharactersandwritinglanguage.Alsothenewspapersandmanykindsofbooks.CultureTobaccocultureSportscultureClothingcultureWinecultureMusiccultureChewingtobacco(嚼煙葉)

TheLiSumenandwomenhaschewingtobaccocustom.Whenguestscome，theyshouldbesendtobaccorespectfully.Peopletofindapartnerusuallythrowtheirtobaccocase.Fromthis,wecaninferthat,tobaccoissoessentialtoLiSupeople.Whenchewingtobaccos,putthemintoyourmouthfirstly.Then,addsomeHydratedlime（熟石灰）andsomeblackjellysubstance（黑色膠狀物）madeofsomeBetelnutroots(檳榔根),Plumbarks（李子樹皮）,andChestnutleaves（栗子樹葉）.Finally,chewingthemixtureslowly.Afteralittlewhile,yourmouthlookslikehavingbeenappliedlipstick(像被涂了口紅).Nowadays,agreatmanyofwomenthinkthatchewingisawaneofelegance（有失大雅）,sotheyaregraduallygivingupsmoking.SportscultureCrossbow(射弩):Crossbowistheirfavoritesport.AndthereisaninterestingactivityaboutCrossbow.Clothingculture：

TheLisupeoplecanbedividedinto3groupsaccordingtothecolorsoftheirlinendress(麻布衣服).ThesethreegroupsarethewhiteLisu,theblackLisuandthecolorfulLisu.Headdress(頭飾)：itsnameis俄勒.Eleiscomposedofcoral(珊瑚)，shell(貝殼)andcopperbeads(銅珠子).Shellrepresentsthemoon,theothersrepresentstars.SoElerepresentsamyriadofstarssurroundthemoon(眾星捧月).ThereisalegendwhichisassociatedwithEle.Longlongago,therewasaseveredroughtyear.Manypeoplediedofstarvation.Apairofloverslivedinabeautifulmountainarea.Theyoungwomansawthatthehide(獸皮)wornonthemanwastooragged.Soshemadeuphermindstomakealinendressforhim.Roughlinenhurtwoman’shandsandwindblewherhairintohereyes.Themansawthis,sohedeterminedtomakeabeautifulheaddresswhichrepresentsthemoonandstarstoprotectwoman’seyes.AttheMidAutumnFestival,theychangedtheirpresentsandlovedeachotherforever.

Uptonow,ithasbecomeacustom.Wineculture:

Astheirancestorslivedbyhuntinginmountainarea,winebecametheirnecessity.Inthewineculture,themostinterestingthingisdrinking“Tongxinwine”(同心酒).Twopeopleholdthesamewinebowlandhookeachother’sshouldertodrinkwinetogether.Ifsomeonedrink“Tongxinwine”withyou,hemeansthatheregardsyouashisfriendandhebelievesinyou.Sothereisnogenderrestriction(性別限制)indrinking“Tongxinwine”.Musicculture:

TheLisupeoplehavesuchaproverb:Iffoodisnotsaltyenoughitwon’tbedelicious;Ifsongisnotsung,heartwon’tbecomfortable(鹽不吃飯不香，歌不唱心不爽).Thatistosay,songisasimportantassalt.Theirsongisquitegood,especiallythechorus(合唱).“擺時”“優(yōu)葉”“木刮”aretheirthreefamoustunes.Festival

TheSwordPoleFestivalisheldonthe8thdayofthesecondlunarmonth.Toexpresstheirgratitudetotheirhero,theLisupeopleperformtwoceremoniesknownas"ascendingthepoleofswords"(上刀山)and"divingintotheseaofflames."（下火海）whichareonSwordPoleFestival.SwordPoleFestival（刀桿節(jié)）

Inkickingoffthisfestival,anumberofbraveLisumenperformasymbolicactknownas"divingintotheseaofflames"bysteppingbarefootonapileofburningcharcoal(木炭).Thentheyclimbupaladderwith36rungsmadeofsharpenedswordsofwhichtheblades(刀刃)areturnedupward.Thepeopleperformingthisactmaybeinjuredbuteveryoneseemstohavefun.Thesementhatclimbtheseladdersarecalled"Nipas."Atthetopoftheladder,the"Nipa"performssomeextremelydifficultacrobaticfeats(雜技)toexpelevil.沙灘埋情人Everyyear,onJanuary4oflunarcalendar.Withthehelpoftheircompanions,theyoungmenandwomendigaholetoburytheirlover,andpretendtobeverysad,crying,singingfuneralso