國內部 四級寫作 石雷鵬

新四級寫作CET-4北京新東方石雷鵬新浪微博：石雷鵬老師vTOEFL、IELTS、SAT寫作、考研、四六級寫作、高考寫作、中考寫作公共郵箱：cet-46writing@neworientalMini-test首先，我祝愿大家更快樂，更健康。AboveofallIcongrataulateallthestudentstohappierthanbefore,bodyishealtier.First,Iwishallstudentsarehappierandhealthier.課程目標從“蔡少芬”到“貝多芬”70分90分480分530分課堂四個板塊1.考試概況2.寫作基礎：詞、句3.寫作框架：論說文（段、篇）4.應用文、圖表作文+翻譯整體概況：四級試卷構成答題卡1：寫作30min聽力30min答題卡2：閱讀理解40分鐘翻譯30分鐘總計130分鐘試卷結構分析Listening35%Reading35%Writing15%Translation

15%寫作概況：1.試題形式Writing：2008年12月Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofLimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:1.一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛地使用2.造成的問題3.限制使用的意義2011年12月四級四級真題PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,“Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I’vedoneithundredsoftimes.”Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.,Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

寫作概況：2.評分方法a.GlobalScoring:globeglobalglobalizeglobalizationb.RewardingScores寫作概況：3.評卷實例a.零分作文b.低分作文c.高分作文評卷實例:請思考高分作文特征實例一

英文題目：Bicycles——AnImportantMeansofTransportinChina漢語提綱：(1)為什么自行車在中國這樣普及(2)和汽車的比較(3)自行車在中國的前途BicyclesareverypopularinChina.Almosteveryfamilyinthecityhastwoorthreebicycles.Duringtherushhour,youcanseethatthousandsofpeople--manandwoman,oldandyoung--ridetheirbicyclestoworkandstudy.ThatiswhyChinaiscalled“thekingdomofbicycles”.

2006-12題目：OnSpringFestivalGala1.許多人喜歡在除夕夜觀看春晚2.但是有人提出應取消春晚3.我的看法popular-->popularity首句升級：InChina,bicycleshavegainedgreat/widepopularityamongthepublic.注：1.第一句總寫，第二句和第三句分寫，最后總寫。2.Duringtherushhour分詞結構開頭。3.破折號內容為同位語,句式多變化。簡單句長難句我愛記歌詞Inmyeyes,youarethemostbeautiful.Inmyeyes,nooneismorebeautifulthanyou.高分句式1：雙重否定結構：No___is/aremore____than___.原句：BicyclesareverypopularinChina.升級：InChina,nomeansoftransportismorepopularandcommonthanbicycles.我能想到最浪漫的事就是和你一起慢慢變老?！璶othingismoreattractivetomethanreading`Comparedwithcars,bicyclesaresuperiorinmanyways.

Tobeginwith,theyarecheap,convenientandeasytoride.Inaddition,ridingbicycleisbeneficial/positiveforhealth.Furthermore,theybringnonoisenorairpollution.Though

carsarefasterandmorecomfortable,theyaretooexpensive.Theyconsumeplentyofoilandtheypollutetheair.Sometimes,itisdifficultforadrivertoparkhiscar.Moreovertheyoften/frequentlycausetrafficjamsandaccidents.

寫作用詞積累常用理由：便宜：cheap/economical/inexpensive方便：convenient/convenience/inconvenience對…有益begood/beneficial/rewardingforInmyopinion,thefutureofbicycleisverypromising.SinceChinaisadevelopingcountryandhasalargepopulation,Ithink,ridingbicycleisappropriatetoChinesepresentconditions.Itwillbeanimportantmeansoftransportationforquitealongtime.

Inmyopinion

Iamconvincedthat…Tomyunderstanding,Veryrather/particularly/exceedinglyThink–deemAnimportantasignificant高分特征：1.內容相關（切題即可）2.結構清晰（新聞聯(lián)播三段論）3.語言精彩（連貫、通順、詞句多變）如何做到內容切題和結構清晰？3步法：a.審讀英文指令（和漢語提綱）b.將三提綱轉化為英文句子充當主題句(若提綱是兩個則添加一個或拆分其中之一)c.將主題句擴展成英文段落內容如何擴展？以TOEFL寫作為例：萬能話題：環(huán)境類a.在你家周圍建一個工廠，你是否同意？b.你認為科學家對人類的貢獻大還是藝術家對人類的貢獻大？c.你的職業(yè)夢想是什么？d.如果讓你發(fā)明一樣機器，你會選擇什么？e.如果你有一筆錢，你會用它來做什么？Adequate以四級考試為例1.英語很重要2.學習英語中的困難3.如何學好英語1992-61.你在英語學習中有哪些困難?2.你是如何克服這些困難的?HowIOvercamemyDifficultiesinLearningEnglish1993-61.我最喜愛的電視(或無線電)節(jié)目是…...2.這類節(jié)目的內容和特點3.我喜歡它的原因1994-61.人們對職業(yè)各有不同的理想2.我理想的職業(yè)是什么3.我怎樣為我理想的職業(yè)做準備1997-11.怎樣理解“熟能生巧”?2.例如：在英語學習中…3.又如…PracticeMakesPerfect2000-11.上大學的費用(tuitionandfees)可以通過多種途徑解決2.哪種途徑適合于我(說明理由)HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation2000-61.很多人認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是…2.也有人持不同意見...3.我的看法和打算IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary2003.61.簡單敘述一下這位同學生病(或受傷)的情況2.同學、老師和我是如何幫助他/她的3.人與人之間的這種相互關愛給我的感受是……2003.12真題1.建議報考的專業(yè)及理由2.報考該專業(yè)的基本條件3.應當如何備考2005.1真題1.你認為自己具備了什么條件(能力、性格、愛好等)可以勝任學生會主席的工作2.如果當選,你將為本校同學做些什么2005年6月真題1.向老師致以節(jié)日祝賀。2.從一件難忘的事回憶老師的教誨和無私的奉獻。3.我如何回報老師的關愛。2006-6月真題

1.校學生會將組織一次暑期志愿者活動，現(xiàn)招募志愿者。2.本次志愿者活動的目的，內容、安排等。3.報名條件及聯(lián)系方式。2007年6月真題歡迎辭，Welcometoourclub1.

表達你的歡迎；2.

對你們俱樂部作一個簡要介紹。2007年12月1.各大學開設了各種各樣的選修課2.學生因為各種原因選擇了不同的選修課3.以你自己為例…2010年6月CET-4寫作1.如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫。2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因。3.如何避免這一問題DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling請記住：內容上熟悉什么就寫什么語言精彩句子結構詞多變：a.遣詞b.造句遣詞兩方面：ThespeechbyObamaIfthereisanyoneouttherewhostilldoubtsthatAmericaisaplace

whereallthingsarepossible,whostillwondersifthedreamofour

foundersisaliveinourtime,who

stillquestionsthepowerofour

democracy,tonightisyouranswer.遣詞兩方面：1.廣度：awide/richvarietyof..a.同義詞法b.同根詞法succeed–success--sucessfulc.范疇詞法：下義詞上義詞相關詞匯d.代詞替換:某類群體：peoplewho…thosewhothosewithEg:think:deem=claim=hold=argue=maintain=…2.深度：棄用第一反應詞:academicClever---intelligentEg:importantsignificant=essential=crucial=indispensable…Exercise:veryimportant=ofgreatimportanceveryvaluable=ofgreat_____verysignificant=ofgreat______verynecessary=ofgreat______veryvaluable=ofgreatvalueverysignificant=ofgreatsignificance

verynecessary=ofgreatnecessity造句：中英文差異Ifyoudon’tknow,whoknows?你不知道誰知道？Workhardandmakeprogresseveryday.好好學習，天天向上如何避免Chinglish“hardforgetting”“heartflowerangryopen”“Myheartissevenupeightdown”“yougivemestop”“fuckfood”

Yesterdaynight,Iwaskickedbymygirlfriend.Sheranawaywithasmallwhiteface.Sheismygreenplumandbamboohorse.However,couldyoupleasetellmywhytheinjuredisalwaysme.Iamveryregretthatshespentmealotofmoney.造句原則a.切忌逐字翻譯b.漢語意思英文結構…ifitisconvenientforyou(tocome)造句基礎：簡單句長難句簡單句：XiaoShenyangisdisgusting.Ilikeher.并列句：XSYisdisgustingandIlikeher.復合句：Ifyoushedtearswhenyoumissthesun,youwillalsomissthestars.簡單句長難句我看到人。今天，我在電視上看到一個高高的、瘦瘦的、留著披肩發(fā)、踩著高跟鞋、穿著花裙子、瀟灑飄逸的男人。短長：加修飾成分名詞前：加形容詞、同位語、定語從句簡單句：加狀語（時間、地點、目的、方式等）2008：娛樂活動多種多樣。5words:Therearemanyrecreationalactivities.33words:Inrecentyears,owingtothespeedydevelopmentofoursociety,thereareagreatmanyrecreationalactivitiesinpeople’sdailylife,whichincludesports,watchingTV,surfingtheInternet,andplayinggames.句式多變被動句名詞性從句定語從句含同位語的句式Itis句式6.Therebe句式7.強調句型8.倒裝句型9.雙重否定10.Ving狀語句式1.被動句a.Youcanseethat...

Itcanbenoticedthat…b.Isuggestthat____should___

Itissuggestedthat__should___c.Sb.should…

Thegovernmentishighlyexpected(hoped)tosupportmuseumswithfinance.sbiswell-advisedtodo…2.名詞性從句a.主語從句b.賓語從句c.表語從句d.同位語從句Eg:描述負面話題使某人吃驚的是：Tosb’ssurprise,…主語從句替換：Whatmakesmesurprisedisthat…that引導？？Ithinkthat…

whatmakesmeconvincedisthat…whatconvincesmeisthat…

Iamconvincedthat…(that引導？)Itismyfirmbeliefthat…(that引導？)Weshouldrememberthat…

Whatweshouldkeepinmindisthat…翻譯2008.12：88whatmostparentsareconcernedabout2009.6：Whatmanypeopledonotrealize2007-12:91ismeasuredbyhowmuchtheycanborrow.3.定語從句定從寫作步驟：a.寫出正確簡單句，并確定中心話題(名詞)b.中心話題后加入定從，關系詞：who/whose/which/where/wheniEg:他是個從來不聽磁帶的人。兩步：a.Heisaman.

b.Heisaman

whoneverlistenstoanytapes.2010年6月學生英語拼寫錯誤多的原因：a.MostEnglishtestsarebasedonchoosingcorrectanswers.b.MostEnglishtestsarebasedonchoosingcorrectanswers,inwhichspellingisnotanecessity.2010年12月很多家長為孩子包辦一切a.Manyfamilieshavebecomekids’kingdoms.b.Manyfamilieshavebecomekids’kingdoms,whereparentsdoeverythingfortheirchildren.翻譯：2008.12：87that/whichtheyhavenotfoundanswerstoComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup,4.含同位語句式：身份大學校園：名校校園正成為旅游新熱點Nowadays,famousuniversitycampuses,astheIvoryTowers,havebecomeoneofthemostpopulartouristattractions.A.主謂：Michaelwillsucceed.B.主謂賓：IloveWSL.C.主系表：SLPisugly.D.主謂雙賓：WeiXiaobaogaveSkyanEnglishdictionary.E.主謂賓賓補：Tulongdaomakesmanypeopleselfish.表達自己的觀點Iamconvincedthat

As？？,Iamconvincedthat…

Asastudent,I…

Asacollegestudent,I…

Asoneofcollegestudents,I…

I,as…,amconvincedthat…Moregelivableexpressions

I,aswellasmanyothers,amconvincedthat…

Ithinkthat…

=Asoneofmoderncollegestudents,I,aswellasmanyothers,amconvincedthat…5.itis句式三種形式：Itis+形容詞/名詞/被動+that從句或todo三種功能：建議/事實/觀點建議：Itisabsolutelynecessary

forteenagerstomanagetheirownbusinessandimprovetheirindependence.事實：Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatconstructinggreencampusesisofgreatimportance.觀點：Somepeoplearguethatitisagoodthingforthestudentstovisitthefamousuniversitycampus,wherestudentscan…6.Therebe句式我有花一朵長在我心間。Ihaveaflowerisgrowinginmyheart.Thereisaflower(whichis)growinginmyheart.1.定語從句:thereare200studentswhoareattendingacourseattentively.

2.doing3.ed:thereare200students(whowere)borninBJ.4.介詞短語thereare200studentsfromBJ.

5.形容詞短語表原因：Thereareseveralreasonsaccountingfor/behind/responsibleforthisphenomenon,butthefollowingmaybethemostcritical.表目的：Thereareseveralpurposesforsbtodo…,but…表建議：Thereareseveralwaysinwhich….,but...表好處：Generallyspeaking,thereareseveralpositiveaspects/merits/benefitsfor…to…,butthe…表弊端：Apparentlyenough,thereareseveralnegativeaspects/demerits/drawbacks/faults,whichweshouldnotturnablindeyeto.7.強調句型a.Idoloveyou.b.Itis+被強調部分+that/who+句子其他部分IlovedKungfuItwasKungfuthatIloved.寫作步驟：1）正確寫出簡單句，確定被強調成分2）將Itis…that或Itwas…that放在被強調成分兩旁。2011年翻譯89.Itismymother_____(一直鼓勵我不要灰心)whenIhavedifficultiesinmystudy.答案：第一步.mymotherkeepsencouragingmenottoloseheart第二步：itismymotherwhokeepsencouragingmenottoloseheartFreeadmissionbringsconveniencetothousandsofvisitors.Itisfreeadmissionthatbringsconvenienceto…8.倒裝句型a.表否定的副詞或短語位于句首或主語之前，主句半倒裝(一般疑問句語序)Iwillneveragree.

NeverwillIagree.

Withoutastrongwill,nevercanoneachievesuccess.大綱樣題：Notonly______________(他不僅收費過高)，hedidnotdotherepairworkwell.Notonly,notuntil,never,hardly,rarely,scarcely,seldom,neither,innocase,onnoaccount,bynomeans,2.Only+狀語+半倒裝：Whensheisjustbymyside,Icanfeelthetruehappiness.2013-0689.Onlywhenweareindifficultiesandinneedofhelp,______________canwerealizethesignificanceoffriendship.

c.“as/though”倒裝:Although

ZYKisagirl,sheiscalledBrotherZeng.Girlas/thoughZYKis,sheiscalledBrotherZeng.欲抑先揚/欲揚先抑"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftime."評論：Simpleasthesayingis,whatitconveystousisthought-provoking.10.Ving狀語Iclimbedthestairs.Itookasuitcase.

Iclimbedthestairs,takingasuitcase.Livinginaneraofinformation,wehaveaccesstoarich/widevarietyof…規(guī)則：兩個動作同時發(fā)生，主語一致：將其中次要動作寫成Ving形式句式多變被動句名詞性從句定語從句含同位語的句式Itis句式6.Therebe句式7.強調句型8.倒裝句型9.雙重否定10.Ving狀語句式Whichisthemostdifficult?高分寫作篇VIP段句詞論說文段落層面：1.現(xiàn)象描述2.問題分析3.原因分析4.意義闡述5.建議措施6.觀點闡述(利弊)篇章層面六種段落的排列組合篇章寫作：四級寫作題材劃分2005年12月-2011年6月1.議論文：11次2.應用文：2次3.圖表作文：0次議論文1.問題解決型2.觀點對比型3.現(xiàn)象描述型近年考題分析近年考題分析寫作原則1.開篇精彩2.起承轉合開篇精彩SG：Youaresobeautiful!Iloveyou.MM:Gun!SG：MayIhavedirections?MM:Towhere?SG:Toyourheart.MM:…附錄：論說文三種文體寫作思路詳解1.問題解決型寫作思路2．觀點對比型寫作思路3．現(xiàn)象描述型寫作思路1.問題解決型寫作思路Ⅰ段.提出問題Ⅱ段.分析問題（原因/危害）Ⅲ段.解決問題（建議措施）Ⅰ.提出問題段落3句：引出問題+具體描述+總結問題1）引出問題：☆首句1.Onmanycampuses/Inthecontemporarysociety/Nowadays,ithasbecomea(prevalent)trend/tendencyfor_____to_____.☆首句2.Inthepresent-daysociety,(nobodycouldhavefailedtonoticethefactthat)__________hasbecomeagrave/seriousproblem.Agraveproblem

積極：acommon/popularphenomenon/practice☆首句3.Inrecentyears,(itcanbenoticedthat)_____________than(ever)before.(比較級引出問題)☆首句4：InChina,_________has/havegainedgreat/widepopularityamong_______.或：Thepopularityof__________willhavegreatinfluenceonourwork,studyandeverydaylife.2）具體描述：二句1：（事實描述）Inthemeanwhile,/However,anincreasingnumberofindividuals/peoplefinditdifficult/hard/troublesometo_______.Anincreasingnumberof:agrowingnumberof/ahostofFinddeem/regard負面：difficult正面：inexpensive/convenient/beneficial/comfortable二句2：（舉例描述1）Acaseinpointofthisis/Atypicalexampleofthisis/Thisphenomenoncanbebestillustratedbythefactthat.

☆（舉例描述2）Turningalookaround,wecanfindagreatmany/plentyof/agooddealofexampleslikethis.However,forthesakeoftimeandroom,Iwillnotlistallofthem.二句3：(舉例描述3)：Ourdailylifehasbeenfilledwithavarietyofexamples,(butthefollowingwillsuffice:)______________.二句4：（調查法描述：）(Accordingtoarecentsurvey,)amajority/72.34%ofpeople/students/individuals/citizens/residentsadmit/reckon/acknowledgethat_______.Amajorityofaminorityof…3）總結問題：承上+啟下三句1：（承上）Thus/Therefore/Hence,（啟下）howtocultivateteenagers’independenceeffectivelyhasbecomeamatterofconcern.☆三句2：（承上）Asaresult/Consequently/Accordingly，（啟下）_____requires/necessitates/callsforcloseattentionofthewholesociety.三句3:(承上)So,（啟下1）dueattentionshouldbepaidto_____/（或）weshouldkeepaweathereyeon____.Ⅱ.分析問題（原因/危害）四句話：主題句+原因1/危害1+原因2/危害2+原因總結/危害①分析危害：主題句主題句1：Such_phenomenon_are/isboundto(generate/engender/resultin/giveriseto/leadto)(severe/negative/serious)(consequences/effects/impacts)ifwekeepturningablindeye.☆主題句2:Apparentlyenough,therearesomenegativeimpactswhichweshouldnotignore/neglect.☆主題句3：Quiteobviously,itisofgreatnecessitytofigureoutthenegativeinfluencesbehindit.主題句4：Totacklethisproblem,itisofgreat/vitalsignificancetoanalyzethepotentialnegativeimpactsofthismatter.①分析危害：危害寫法☆危害1：Tobeginwith,_____maydamage/hurt/injure/harm/impair/underminetheover-alldevelopmentof______,(because____________).Over-allsustainable

☆危害2：Moreover,(強調句式)itis_____thatdoesnotenable____tobuildup/enjoy/expand.Physicalhealth/psychologicalfitness（well-being）足夠:enough/adequate危害3：Inaddition/Furthermore/Whatisworse/Besides,___________setbadexamplestoyoungsters/others,leadingthemto______.危害4：Then,itismanifestthatwearedeveloping/gaining__________attheexpense/cost/riskof_____________.得：convenience/pleasure/profit失：resources/time/energy/morality/honesty☆危害5：Besides,(itcanbearguedthat)_____meansorequalsagravewasteoftime/energy/naturalresources.錯誤：Playinggameswastestime.萬能危害：If___letthissituationcontinueasitis,wedonotknowwhere____willbeintheforthcomingfuture.危害總結1：Ashasbeennoted,____do/doesimpactour____negativelytoalarge/someextent.i☆危害總結2：Toconclude,(itisundeniablethat)thebadimpactsof_____canneverbeturnedablindeyeto.②分析原因：主題句主題句1：Generallyspeaking,severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.(中性話題)☆主題句2：Ingeneral,thereareseveralreasons/factors/causes/purposesresponsiblefor____,butthefollowingmaybethemostcritical.（中性話題）主題句3：Itisevidentthatthecausesof____arediverse.主題句4：Tosolve/dealwith/addressthisworrying/disturbingissue,itisofvitalsignificancetodetermine/explore/ascertain/investigatethepossiblereasons.②分析原因：☆原因1：Inthefirstplace,_thepresent-dayfamilystructureistherootcause.Anillustrationofthispointwouldbethatineachfamily,thereisonlyonechildwhoislovedbynotonlyparents,butalsograndparents

.(原因+實例說明)原因2：Inthesecondplace,_____constituteanothermajorcause.Specifically,_______.(原因+具體說明).asparents,theyarefirmlyconvincedthatlovingtheirchildrenmeansprovidingeverythingforthem.原因3：Inaddition,socialprejudice/ignoranceplaysacriticalroleinthisissue.Emphasis原因4：Besides,the__policybeingcarriedoutin__(doesn’t)enables__to_______.relatedputgreat/noemphasisonM原因5:（強調句式）Itis_____thatmakes/attracts/enables____to___.Itiswidejobopportunitiesthatattractstudentstoattendthetests.萬能原因：Asamatteroffact,peopleinmounting/largenumbershave(not)cometorealizetheimportance/necessity/convenienceof___for___.②分析原因：原因總結原因總結1：Consequently,____hasnotbeenemphasized.☆原因總結2：Asaconsequence,____paidrelativelylessattentionto_____.原因總結3：Allinall,________________.Ⅲ.解決問題（建議措施）三句=總結+建議1+建議2+展望總結句1:Inviewoftheseriousnessofthesituation,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenbeforethingsgetworse.seriousnessprevalence鑒于

總結句2：Therefore/Thus/Hence/Accordingly/Totacklethisproblem,itishightimethatwetookfeasiblestepstostop/limit/restrainthistrend.重視：putgreatemphasison總結句3：People’swaystosolvethisproblemdovary/differ.（☆替換：1.Thereareavarietyofwaysinwhichpeoplecantacklethisproblem.或2.Itisapparentthatwaystotacklethisissuearevarious.）Some_____;some______;someothers_____.建議1：Itisessentialthatlawsandregulationsshouldbeworkedoutandenforcedtoban/forbid/support/guide/______.☆建議2：Itissuggestedthatparentsshouldenhance/promote/cultivate/strengthentheirawarenessoflovingtheirkidsappropriately.建議3：Itisabsolutelynecessary/important/significantfor____to____建議4：Secondly,____arehighlyhoped/expected/well-advisedto______.

☆建議5：Weshouldeducate/advocate/encourage_____to_____.Weshouldeducate,advocateandencourageourfriends,classmatesandacquaintancesto_becautiouswhen...__.展望未來1：Onlybydoingso,canwehopetowitnesstheidealscenesinwhich____enjoy____totheutmost.Inthemeanwhile,展望未來2：Sparingnoeffortstodoso,wecanwitnessapromisingandhopefulfutureof_____.

2010年6月CET-4寫作解析DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling1.如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫。2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因。3.如何避免這一問題解析：本次四級考試的題目是四級考試中出現(xiàn)過多次的作文話題：英語學習。在本人的四級寫作課堂上一再強調“英語學習”這一話題的重要性，參加過輔導的同學應該印象深刻。本次作文的寫作為問題解決型，課堂上改作文的寫作思路已經多次強調：即，提出問題、分析問題（原因）、解決問題（措施）。以下為課堂句式所寫范文：DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpellingInChina,Englishlearninghasgainedgreatpopularityamongstudents.

However,itcanbenoticedthatlearnersmakemuchmoremistakesinspellingthaneverbefore.

Therefore,thisproblemhasbecomeamatterofconcernforteachersandstudents.分析問題（原因）總：Generallyspeaking,thereareseveralreasonsaccountingforthisphenomenon.

分：Tobeginwith,whilewriting,studentstendtotypeoncomputers,whichcancorrectspellingmistakesautomatically.Inaddition,mostEnglishtestsarebasedonchoosingcorrectanswers,inwhichspellingisnotanecessity.

總：Consequently,theabilitytospellcorrectlyhasnotbeenemphasized.建議措施總：Totacklethisissue,Iamconvincedthat“Practicemakesperfect.”分：First,allEnglishlearners–studentsfromprimaryschools,middleschoolsandcolleges–arehighlyhopedtopracticeword-spelling.Second,itissuggestedthatEnglishexamsshouldbereformed,inwhichcorrectspellingshouldbeabasicrequirement.總：Onlybydoingso,canlearnershopetowitnessidealscenesinwhichtheymakenospellingmistakes.（178words）2010年12月四級范文Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitled

HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.

目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切2.

為了讓孩子獨立,

父母應該……試題分析：雖然只給出了兩個提綱，但是通過轉化可以寫成三個段落：即提出問題、分析問題、解決問題三個角度去寫。以下是按照課堂所講寫作思路寫出的范文；(畫線部分是上課提供補充講義上的原句表達)首段三句話：引出問題+具體描述+總結問題Inrecentdecades,itcanbenoticedthat

muchmorekidsbecomedependentontheirparents

thaneverbefore.Atypicalexampleofthisisthat

parentshavetodoeverythingfortheirchildren:food,clothes,educationandsoon.

Thus,howto

cultivatechildren’sindependence

hasbecomeamatterofconcern.二段分析問題：總+原因1/2+總總：Toaddressthisworryingissue,itisofvitalsignificancetoinvestigatethepossiblereasons.原因1：Inthefirstplace,thecurrentfamilystructure

istherootcause.Anillustrationofthispointwouldbethat

inmostfamilies,thereisonlyonechild,whooftenisthecenteroffamily.

原因2：Inthesecondplace,parents’inappropriateloveconstitutesanothermajorreason.總：Asaconsequence,parentspayrelativelylessattentionto

thecultivationofchildren’sindependence.三段解決問題：總+建議+展望未來Accordingly,itishightimethatparentstookfeasiblestepstorestrainthistrend.

First,itissuggestedthattheparentsshouldenhancetheirawarenessof

lovinginanappropriatemanner.

Second,

fathersandmothers

shouldadvocateandencourage

teenagerstoliveonthemselvesafter18yearsold.Younggenerations’promisingandhopefulfutureisjustawaitingusifparentssparenoeffortstodoso.(214words)2．觀點對比型寫作思路Ⅰ段：現(xiàn)象描述（即引入主題）+支持方觀點（利）Ⅱ段：反方觀點（弊）Ⅲ段：我的觀點Ⅰ段（4句）：1句：現(xiàn)象描述（即引入主題）+1句支持方觀點主題句+2句原因描述現(xiàn)象1：Livinginaneraof_fiercecompetition_,weareconfrontedwithavarietyof_pressures_.描述現(xiàn)象2：Nobodycouldhavefailedtonoticethefactthatmoreandmore_____描述現(xiàn)象3:Inrecentdecades,____has/havegainedgreatpopularityamong_____.現(xiàn)象描述4：Itcanbenoticedthatmanypeople–menandwomen,theoldandtheyoung–…現(xiàn)象描述5：Therehasbeenmuchcontroversyover____inthepastdecades.現(xiàn)象描述6：Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat______.現(xiàn)象描述7：Thepastyears/decadeshaveseen/witnessedthehuge/speedyadvancement/developmentofpeople’slivingstandards/quality.支持方主題句1：Somearguethatitisabsolutelynecessaryto______because_theybringbenefits_.支持方主題句2：Anumberofindividualsfavor/prefer_____owingtoits/theiradvantages.

支持方主題句3：Thosewhoareinfavorof____claimthat____.支持方觀點1：Intheireyes,without_lovingexperience_,itisimpossibleforindividualsto_becomematureincharacter_.支持方觀點2：Theyalsopointoutthat_____willbringgreatbenefit/convenienceto____;thus,theywillhavemoreopportunities/time/energyto____.支持方觀點3:Whatmakesthemconvincedisthat____isofgreatvalue/necessity/significanceforthemto_____.支持方觀點4：Intheiropinion,_____willdefinitelypromotethedevelopment/efficiencyof_____,which,otherwise,wouldbeimpossible.支持方觀點5：Theyfirmlybelievethat____willenablethemtoenrichtheirsocial/academic/professionalexperienceandbroadentheirhorizons.支持方觀點6：Anotherevidentadvantage/merit/strength/benefitisthat____mayafford/offer/provideentertainment/pleasure/enjoyablelife.Ⅱ段：反方觀點（弊）(三句=主題句+反方觀點1+反方觀點2)主題句1：Evenso,othersholdadifferentviewthat____carriessomerisks/doubts.主題句2：Others,however,regarditdifferently.主題句3：Advantageous/beneficial/rewarding/good/popularasitis,othershaveanoppositeperspective.主題句4：Inspiteofalltheseclaims,othersmaintainthatitisunnecessaryto____反方觀點1：_____meansagreatamountoftime,moneyandenergy;therefore,_____maybeafflicted.反方觀點2：Tosomeextenttheiropinionderivesfromthefactthat______are/isalreadyunderconsiderable___burden,and___wouldonlyaddtotheirpressure.反方觀點3：Intheireyes,____callsfor/requires/necessitiesplentyoftime,energyandmoney;nonetheless,theresult/qualityisnotassatisfactoryasexpected.反方觀點4：Inaddition,whatworriesmanyparents/teachersisthatsome_____mayexert/generate/havenegativeinfluenceon_____.Forinstance,some_____;some_____;some______.pornographic/violentⅢ段：我的觀點3句我的觀點+理由+展望未來我的觀點1：Inmyopinion,theadvantagesof_____willfaroutweighits/theirdisadvantages.我的觀點2：I,aswellasmanyothers,amconvincedthat_____willdomoregoodthanharm.我的觀點3：Asacollegestudent,Iamfirmlyconvincedthatitisnecessaryforusto____.我的觀點4：（折中型）Whoisright?Ithinkthereissomethingrightinbotharguments.However,whatconvincesmeisthatweshould____firstly.Then,wearealsoexpectedto_______.理由句：寫法同第一段和第二段展望未來：同問題解決型展望未來寫法。觀點對比型實例2008-6：Recreationalactivities1.娛樂活動多種多樣2.娛樂活動可能使人們受益，也可能有危害性3.作為大學生我的看法RecreationalActivities描述現(xiàn)象：Inthecontemporarysociety,avarietyofrecreationalactivitieshavegainedgreatpopularityamongindividuals.Turningalookaround,wecanfindagreatmanyexamples:traveling,sports,playinggamesandsoon.Somepeoplearguethat

itisabsolutelynecessaryforpeopletoparticipateintheseactivities,becausetheybringconvenienceandbenefit.Intheireyes,withouttheseactivities,itisimpossiblefor

individualstoeasetheirworkingandstudyingpressure.Moreover,whatmakesthemconvincedisthatenjoyingrecreationaltimeisofgreatsignificanceforthemtomakefriends.

二段：反方觀點主題句：Beneficialas

theseactivitiesare,othershaveanoppositeperspective.反方原因1：First,theyarguethattakingpartinthemmeansagreatamountoftime,moneyandenergy;therefore,theirworkmaybeafflicted.Inaddition,

whatworriesmanyparentsorteachers

isthatsomegames(gamblingorcomputergames)mayhavenegativeinfluenceonteenagers’learning.尾段：我的看法（折中型）Whoisright?Ithinkthereissomethingrightinbotharguments.However,whatconvincesmeisthatweshouldattachmoreimportancetoourstudyorworkfirstly.Then,wearealsoexpectedto