完形填空-說明文

完形填空課下檢測卷——完形填空解題樣板（一）山東天成書業(yè)有限公司說明文說明文說明文文體特點主題明確1說明類完形填空往往在文章開頭就點明說明對象。它主要是對事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)、用途、原理或事情發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋和說明。結(jié)構(gòu)清晰2說明類完形填空往往借助于時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序或認(rèn)識順序來展開文章，這就使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、層次分明。說明文記敘文文體特點多用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)3說明類完形填空通常是對客觀事物或?qū)嵗慕榻B與說明，與時間的變化關(guān)系不大，所以文章常用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。語言簡練、平實、準(zhǔn)確3說明類完形填空的目的主要是幫助讀者認(rèn)清事物，明白事理，所以語言簡練、平實、易于理解，內(nèi)容客觀真實。說明文讀文技巧在做題之前，考生一定要花2～3分鐘的時間對整篇文章進(jìn)行快速瀏覽。通讀的目的是明確說明對象，理清段落關(guān)系。說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks__36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore__37thanwerealize.In

fact,non-verbalcommunication(非言語交際）takesupabout50%ofwhatwereally__38.Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures(文化).Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso__40__apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.36.A.straighterB.louder

C.harderD.further37.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages38.A.hopeB.receive

C.discoverD.mean39.A.immediateB.misleadingC.importantD.difficult40.A.wellB.farC.muchD.long說明文【【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.41.A.ForexampleB.ThusC.HoweverD.Inshort42.A.tradeB.distanceC.connectionsD.greetings43.A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone44.A.strangersB.RelativesC.neighborsD.Enemies45.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.inasimilarwayD.byallmeans46.A.troubleB.conversationC.silenceD.experiment47.A.disturbingB.HelpingC.guidingD.following48.A.closerB.fasterC.inD.away49.A.steppingforwardB.goingonC.backingawayD.comingout50.A.weaknessB.carelessnessC.friendlinessD.coldness說明文【【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople__51__.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom__52__cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof__53__Butwhateverthesituation,thebest__54__istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe__55_.51.A.talkB.travelC.laughD.think52.A.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.rich53.A.curiosityB.excitementC.misunderstandingD.nervousness54.A.chanceB.timeC.resultD.advice55.A.noticedB.treatedC.respectedD.pleased說明文讀文技巧第一步重視首句，明確說明對象完形填空一般無標(biāo)題，首句一般不留空格，是完整的一句，全文信息從此開始。抓住了首句信息，就抓住了文章的說明對象。說明文讀文技巧第二步快速瀏覽，掌握大意快速瀏覽也叫“帶空瀏覽”，要一氣呵成，盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方，仍要快速讀下去。讀時要明確作者是針對哪一個說明對象從不同的角度和側(cè)面對其加以說明的，弄清楚說明順序，理清各段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，注意反應(yīng)作者態(tài)度的關(guān)鍵詞或關(guān)鍵句，把握作者的寫作情感和意圖。注意不要在未弄清說明對象和文章段落層次關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上，邊閱讀，邊做題，這樣速度慢、準(zhǔn)確率低。說明文解題流程示范1．重視首句，快速瀏覽剛拿到這篇完形的時候，不要急著一頭扎進(jìn)字母組合的海洋里，一定要先掃一眼整篇文章的全貌。匆匆一眼掃去，第一句沒有挖空，后面的空格基本上是分布均勻的，所以文章應(yīng)該是重心平衡的類型，不會是最后抖包袱那種，閱讀時著力應(yīng)相對平均。接下來就要處理首句：Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!首句給我們提供了有效的信息支持，“所有的語言中，身勢語是無聲的、玄妙的且非常有力的語言”。看到首句，我們可以推知這篇文章的說明對象與身勢語有關(guān)

。

接著，我們閱讀下文可知，正驗證了我們的預(yù)測。說明文解題流程示范1．重視首句，快速瀏覽通過快速瀏覽，首先我們應(yīng)該弄清楚文章的說明對象、說明順序及作者的態(tài)度。說明對象：身勢語在交際中的重要性，尤其是跨文化交際時。身勢語比言辭更有效，而它卻常常被人們忽視。。說明順序：認(rèn)識順序作者態(tài)度：遵從交際的“黃金法則”---你想別人怎么對待你，你就怎樣對待別人。說明文解題流程示范2．邊讀邊做，逐個突破Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks__36thanwords.36.A.straighterB.louder

C.harderD.further說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考解析考查形容詞。句組層次題，利用文章首句解題。此處it指代bodylanguage，根據(jù)首句中的mostpowerfullanguageofall可知此處應(yīng)是身勢語比言辭更有效。Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks__36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore__37thanwerealize.37.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)文章開頭兩句的內(nèi)容及空前的bodies和sendout可知此處應(yīng)是“信息”，故D項正確。Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore__37thanwerealize.In

fact,non-verbalcommunication(非言語交際）takesupabout50%ofwhatwereally__38.38.A.hopeB.receiveC.discoverD.mean說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考解析考查動詞。句內(nèi)層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)前半句的non-verbalcommunication可知此處應(yīng)是指我們想要表達(dá)的意思，故D項“意思”符合句意。Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures(文化).39.A.immediateB.misleadingC.importantD.difficult說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考解析考查形容詞。句內(nèi)層次題，利用生活常識解題。根據(jù)常識，跨文化交流多有語言障礙，故身勢語的作用尤為重要。In

fact,non-verbalcommunication(非言語交際）takesupabout50%ofwhatwereally__38.Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures(文化).Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso__40__apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.40.A.wellB.farC.muchD.long說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)前面兩句中的非言語交際占據(jù)了我們要表達(dá)意思的50%及身勢語在跨文化交際中尤為重要可知此處很大的部分，故C項正確。41.A.ForexampleB.ThusC.HoweverD.Inshort說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso__40__apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.解析考查過渡詞。句組層次題，利用邏輯關(guān)系解題。空前面一句中的it指代的是身勢語通常被忽視，所以空前一句說的是由于身勢語被忽視在跨文化交際時常會發(fā)生誤解，因此，空出應(yīng)是對前面內(nèi)容舉例說明，故A項正確。42.A.tradeB.distanceC.connectionsD.greetings說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。47空到49空兩句提及一個拉丁人好像在攆著一個挪威人滿屋子轉(zhuǎn)。拉丁人由于想表達(dá)友好而要拉近兩人間的距離，但是挪威人為了在兩人之間保持一定的距離而不停地后退。因此，此處B項“距離”符合句意。43.A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。該句與其后45空所在句提到的“另一方面，來自于拉丁美洲國家的人們卻頻繁地觸動對方”形成了對照，據(jù)此推知應(yīng)選擇C項bodily“身體的”符合句意。44.A.strangersB.RelativesC.neighborsD.Enemies說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.解析考查名詞詞。句內(nèi)層次題，利用反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。此空與前面的friends形成對比，故A項“陌生人”符合句意。45.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.inasimilarwayD.byallmeans說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.解析考查短語辨析。句組層次題，利用邏輯關(guān)系解題。上一句提到北歐人不喜歡身體接觸，而本句提到拉美國家身體接觸多，所以空處應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故B項“另一方面"正確。46.A.troubleB.conversationC.silenceD.experiment說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用生活常識解題。身勢語是在交談中才能體現(xiàn)出來，故B項"交談”符合句意。47.A.disturbingB.HelpingC.guidingD.following說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查動詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)下面的moving及pushiness可推知，此處應(yīng)是“跟隨”，故D項正確。48.A.closerB.fasterC.inD.away說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查副詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)下文中的pushiness,可知此處應(yīng)是不斷地靠近，故A項正確。。49.A.steppingforwardB.goingonC.backingawayD.comingout說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)前面幾句可知此處應(yīng)是“后退”故C項正確。50.A.weaknessB.carelessnessC.friendlinessD.coldness說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考

__41_differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___43__contact(接觸）evenwithfriends,certainlynotwith__44_.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries，__45__,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46，itmaylooklikeaLatinois_47_aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas_50_.解析考查名詞。句組層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)下文中的TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.可推知，此處應(yīng)是把后退視為“冷漠”，故D項正確。51.A.talkB.travelC.laughD.think說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople__51__.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom__52__cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof__53__Butwhateverthesituation,thebest__54__istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe__55_.解析考查動詞。語篇層次題，利用同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)上文的conversation及下文的words，可知此處應(yīng)是“談話”故A項正確。52.A.differentB.EuropeanC.LatinoD.rich說明文【高考示例】2014·安徽高考Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople__51__.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom__52__cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof__53__Butwhateverthesituation,thebest__54__istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe__55_.解析考查形容詞。語篇層次題，利用上下文語境解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures(文化).可知A項“不同的”正確。第一段：Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures(文化).53.A.curiosityB.excitementC.misunderstandingD.nervousness說明文【高考示例】2012·全國新課標(biāo)高考Clearly,agreat