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Unit4NaturaldisastersDiscoveringusefulstructuresUnderlinetheattributeinthesentences1.Strangethingswerehappeninginthecountryside.
2.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.3.Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.4.Morebuildingsfelldown.5.Allhopewasnotlost.6.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.7.Thewomanintheroomismymother.8.Peoplethereareverykindtome.9.ThegirlwithabookinherhandisMary.10.Heisafamouswriterwhocomesfromasmalltown.
TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.
AppreciatethesentencesbelowandtranslatethemintoChinese唐山大地震是我曾祖母無法忘卻的可怕的經(jīng)歷。Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.
火山爆發(fā)后,住在我旁邊的這對夫婦志愿參加救援。Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.AppreciatethesentencesbelowandtranslatethemintoChineseMrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.
李先生是一位建筑師,他為新城做的建筑設(shè)計贏得了大家的贊賞。為災(zāi)區(qū)提供的補給來自全國各地。這些學(xué)生來自31班。他們正在上課。這些正在上課的學(xué)生來自49班。Thestudentsarefromclass49.Theyarehavingclass.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseThestudentswho/thatarehavingclassarefromclass49.
在主從復(fù)合句中,對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞叫關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞)。定語從句一般位于先行詞后。Thestudentswhoarehavingclassarefromclass49.先行詞關(guān)系代詞SummaryAttributiveClauseThestudentsarefromclass49.Theyarelisteningtotheclass.Thestudents
who/thatarelisteningtotheclassarefromclass49.1引導(dǎo)定語從句2代替先行詞3在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分關(guān)系詞1Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.FindmoresentenceswithAttributiveClausefromthetextonpage50
Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjured
inthequakewasmorethan400,000.2Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.3定語從句定義結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系詞復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句先行詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhyTheanalysisofattributiveclausewhich,who,whom,that,whose1.which
在從句中作主語、賓語或介詞賓語,指物。Theyplantedthetreeswhich
didn’tneedmuchwater.Thefishwhich
weboughtwerenotfresh.Thisisthehousewhich
welivedinlastyear.
→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主語;指物賓語;指物介詞賓語;指物in
whichwhich作介詞賓語時,介詞既可放在關(guān)系代詞which之前,也可以放在從句中動詞之后where2.who在從句中作主語和賓語,whom
在從句中作賓語;都指人。TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.主語;指人TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.
主語;指人Theperson(whom/who)youjusttalkedtoisMrLi.
賓語;指人MrReadistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.賓語;指人在定語從句中緊接著介詞的只能用which和whom。指人用whom,指物用whichwhich,who,whom,that,whose3.that在從句中作主語或賓語,指人或物,作賓語時可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主語;指物Thenoodles
(that)Icookedweredelicious.作賓語;指物L(fēng)et’saskthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere.作主語;指人Thegirl
(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.
作賓語;指人which,who,whom,that,whose4.whose在從句中作定語,修飾人或物,意為“……的”,可與
ofwhich(whom)the...互換。
MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.ofwhomtheThisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.ofwhomtheThisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ofwhichthewhich,who,whom,that,whose關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhoseTheusageoftherelativepronouns
1.Theearthquake___________hitSanFranciscoonApril18shookdownhundredsofthousandsofdollars’worthofwallsandchimneys(煙囪).2.Thefirefightersto___________thetaskwasgivendidtheirbestbuttherewasnowaytoorganiseorcommunicate.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“/”that/whichwhom
3.Tensofthousands____________hadlosttheirhomesleftthecitytolookforshelterfromthefires.4.Theteambringshelpandhopetothose___________livesarechangedbyastorm,flood,earthquakeoranyothernaturaldisaster.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“/”who/thatwhose
5.Thelistofpeopleto
helphasbeengivenislong.6.Theteamtreatedmorethan3,000people
wereinjuredinthe2006earthquakeinIndonesia,helped2,500woundedpeopleaftertheearthquake
hitHaitiin2010,andspentseveralmonthsgivingaidtoover25,000victimsofthe2010floodsinPakistan(巴基斯坦).who/thatthat/whichwhomCompleteeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“/”1.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters
hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.
(2019全國III卷)2.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth
givesofflightinthedark.
(2019浙江卷)who/thatwhich/that鏈接高考3.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014
showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.
(2018全國I卷)4.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram
givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.(2018全國II卷)which/that鏈接高考which/that5.Manywesterners
cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.
(2018浙江卷)6.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver
arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.
(2015全國I卷)who/thatwhich/thatForpeople_______lovethesun,summerisatimeoffun.Butforpeople________famiesweredestroyedbythesuppertyphoon________hitEastChinainJuly2016,thatsummerwasatimeofgreatsadness.Thefloodsandlandslidescausedbythetyphoonkilld161people,left61missing,andforcedtheevacuationofhundredsofthousandsofpeople.Thevictims_______thetyphoonbroughtdeathorgreatlosswereinseveralprovincesalongtheYangtzeRpletethepassagewiththat,which,who,whose,orprep+whomwhowhosethat/whichtowhomInthemonths________havepassedsincethen,muchhasbeendonetomakethingsbetterandhelpthethousandsofpeople_______homesweredestroyed,althoughthesadnesswillneverleavethosefor________summermarksthedeathofalovedo
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