【公開課課件】2022高考英語專題復(fù)習 熟詞生義課件 (共23張PPT)

2022高考英語專題復(fù)習課題：熟詞生義Do

you

know

their

meanings?Candidatesinearthquake-strickenareaareallowedtosit(for)thecollegeentranceexaminJuly.2.Shewantsthecouragetotellhimthetruth.

3.Mrs.Black,whosegardenisthebestinourtown,reallyhasgreenfingers.4.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatcommunicationisaneffectivewaytobridgethegenerationgapbetweenparentsandchildren.地震災(zāi)區(qū)的考生被允許在七月份參加高考。（sitv.參加考試）

她缺乏告訴他真相的勇氣。（wantv.缺乏，欠缺）人們普遍認為，交流是消除父母和孩子間的代溝的有效途徑。(bridge[v.]thegap消除(……間的)隔閡；彌合差距)熟詞生義布萊特女士的花園是我們這最好的，她真的是園藝大師。（greenfingers園藝大師）熟詞生義

在近幾年的高考題中，很多熟詞意義不熟。《普通高中英語課程標準》所給詞匯表中只給了單詞及詞性。考生往往單純注重一些生詞及短語，忽視了熟詞僻義。殊不知，熟悉的詞匯在特定文字中的取義，往往成為語句結(jié)構(gòu)的樞紐，意義重大，可以幫助考生把握作者的思想意圖，常常是解題的關(guān)鍵所在。因此，我們必須全面掌握詞義，不可淺嘗輒止。高考趨勢：熟詞生義兩種情況：所謂熟詞生義的“生”，是相對而言的。一般分為兩種情況：1、生義和基本義之間有聯(lián)系常常是一詞多義中的衍生義，只是這個衍生義與基本義間的聯(lián)系不容易想到，這需要在日常詞匯學習時，培養(yǎng)結(jié)合具體的語境由詞匯的基本義推測其衍生義的能力；高考的重點。2、

生義與基本義聯(lián)系不緊密這需要在詞匯學習時注意一些低義頻的釋義，特別是與基本義聯(lián)系不大的釋義。這方面的考查很少。2019年全國I卷中的熟詞生義高考鏈接1：1.Chris

trips

onthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(閱讀B)2.

Thencamemytweensandteens,and

mean

girlsandcoolkids.

(閱讀D)3.

Thelikables’

plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,when

tapped

early,are

employedeverafterinlifeandwork.

(閱讀D)4.

Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployed

onlysincethemid-1980s,….(語法填空)5.

Furtherup,theweatherchanges—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.Icount

twelve

shades

ofgreenfromwhereIstand.

(完型)

熟詞生義11.Chris

trips

onthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(2019全國I閱讀B)

語境再現(xiàn)：Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.tripv.絆倒(fall)基本義tripv.說話磕磕絆絆衍生義通過具體的語境，由trip“基本義”推導(dǎo)出“衍生義”。熟詞生義12.

Thencamemytweensandteens,and

mean

girlsandcoolkids.

(2019全國I閱讀D)

語境再現(xiàn)：Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.而在我進入少年、青少年之后，遇到了很多壞女孩和酷女孩。meanadj[同形異義詞；熟詞生義]刻薄的，不善良的鞏固練習：Whyareyoubeingso

mean

tome?釋義：___________熟詞生義13.Thelikables’

plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,when

tapped

early,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.

(2019全國I閱讀D)謂語主語時間狀語從句,省略了主語定語狀語jump-startv.[合成詞]全力啟動，加快開展employv.A.togivesbajobB.touse[熟詞生義]應(yīng)用，運用熟詞生義13.Thelikables’

plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,when

tapped

early,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.

(2019全國I閱讀D)謂語主語時間狀語從句,省略了主語定語狀語基本義(v.輕拍，輕叩)衍生義由具象到抽象(v.發(fā)掘，利用)熟詞生義13.Thelikables’

plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,when

tapped

early,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.

(閱讀D)討人喜歡的人能與他人很好地相處，從而增強校園友誼，激發(fā)人際交往能力。這些能力如能及早發(fā)掘，將會在未來的工作和生活中得以應(yīng)用。

4.

Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployed

onlysincethemid-1980s,….(語法填空)自從二十世紀八十年代中期以來，對于跟蹤北極熊的方法就得到了應(yīng)用。熟詞生義15.

Furtherup,theweatherchanges—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.Icount

twelve

shades

ofgreenfromwhereIstand.

(2019全國I完型)

語境再現(xiàn)：Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,givingwaytolandsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweatherchanges—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.IcounttwelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.shade:[熟詞生義]濃淡深淺，色度

與twelve構(gòu)成句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系。Learningtip1

通過分析具體語境，根據(jù)熟詞的基本義推導(dǎo)出衍生義。學以致用1：1.Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?(2017全國I

A)2.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults.(2017全國IB)3.Theposthassincegainedtheattentionofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.(2018全國完型)熟詞生義1share(v.)分享share(n.)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的分享，即轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)like(v.)喜歡like(n.)因為喜歡，所以給予點贊feed(v.)喂養(yǎng)(v.)給……提供營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)advertise(v.)做廣告（v.）廣告某件事，告知Learningtip2:熟詞生義多為高頻詞匯的“衍生義”。在平時的學習復(fù)習中，我們可以構(gòu)建高頻詞匯的“語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖”。熟詞生義2高考鏈接2：1.Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.(2018全國III

A)2.

Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,

securing

theedgesoftheplasticwithdirtand

weighting

thesheet’scenterdownwitharock.(2017年全國ID)disadvantage(n.)不利條件，劣勢disadvantaged(a.)社會地位低下的在社會上處于劣勢下層社會weightn.重量(基本義)v.在…..上加重量v.用重物固定Learningtip3

利用構(gòu)詞法(多為派生和轉(zhuǎn)化)推導(dǎo)出熟詞的衍生義。熟詞的轉(zhuǎn)化和派生熟詞生義2學以致用21.Mostofthebillsontheboardwere

singles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.

(2019浙江閱讀B)2.

Whenastudent

attacks

aprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.

(2019全國III七選五)3.

…

theywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthe

value

ofeachcombination.(2019全國III閱讀D)4.

GoodMorningBritain’s

SusannaReidisusedto

grilling

guestsonthesofaeverymorning.(2018全國I閱讀B)5.One?more?look?and?he?noticed?flames?shooting?out?from?under?thedisabledvehicle.(2016全國I完型)熟詞生義2學以致用2Mostofthebillsontheboardwere

singles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.

(2019浙江閱讀B)2.

Whenastudent

attacks

aprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.

(2019全國III七選五)3.

…

they(moneys)wereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthe

value

ofeachcombination.(2019全國III閱讀D)single熟義：adj.

單一的，單個的

生義：n.

一元紙幣attack

熟義：v.&n.

襲擊

生義：v.

抨擊value

熟義：v.有價值,珍惜n.

價值

生義：n.

值，數(shù)值熟詞生義2學以致用24.

GoodMorningBritain’s

SusannaReidisusedto

grilling

guestsonthesofaeverymorning.(2018全國I閱讀B)5.One?more?look?and?he?noticed?flames?shooting?out?from?under?thedisabled

vehicle.(2016全國I完型)grill熟義：n.烤架v.燒烤.

生義：v.

盤問，追問disabled

熟義：adj.

(人)殘疾的

生義：adj.

(物)喪失能力的，（車）不能行駛的熟詞生義3高考鏈接3：TheDriveLABishelpingustounderstandwhatthekeystresspointsanddifficultiesareforolderdriversandhowwemightusetechnologyto

address

theseproblems.(2017年全國II卷閱讀理解D篇)了解“詞源”有助于破解熟詞生義。3Learningtip4

LearnalittleLatin熟詞生義4comedowncomeupcomeincomeoutcomeon comeacrosscomealonggetalong getaway getback getdowngetin geton getoff getthroughlookafterlookforwardlookbacklookoutlookuplookdown

lookinto lookaround不同介詞意思迥異；不同場合不同意思Learningtip5詞匯融入語篇，上下語境聯(lián)想，有情有節(jié)思維激活Learningtip5詞匯融入語篇，上下語境聯(lián)想，有情有節(jié)思維激活I(lǐng)looke