初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-副詞的用法

副詞的用法【用法講解】考試要求：副詞的中考要求是：副詞的分類和基本用法，副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)；某些特殊變化的副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（well—better—best等）；副詞的同級(jí)比較（as/so...as...的用法）及副詞在句中的位置。知識(shí)總結(jié)：1.副詞的分類1）時(shí)間副詞：ago,already,before,ever,early,late,just,now,once,soon,still,then等2）地點(diǎn)、方位副詞：straight,upstairs,downstairs,above,along,around,outside,inside,behind,here,there等3）方式副詞：safely,quietly,quickly,politely,loudly,luckily,happily,easily,carefully,slowly,sudden等4）程度副詞：very,only,quite,almost,even,alittle,enough,rather,alot,badly,nearly,further,widely等5）頻度副詞：never,sometimes,usually,often,always等6）疑問(wèn)副詞：when,where,why,how,howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar等關(guān)系副詞：whom,where,why等.副詞的用法1）修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)Hewalkedquietlyintohisbedroom.他安靜地走進(jìn)他的臥室。2）修飾形容詞作狀語(yǔ)Youhaveaverynicewatch.你有一塊非常好看的手表。3）作表語(yǔ)，位于系動(dòng)詞后Howlongwillshebeaway?她要離開(kāi)多久？4）作定語(yǔ)Thepeopletherelovepeace.那兒的人們熱愛(ài)和平。.副詞的位置1）多數(shù)副詞都可以放在動(dòng)詞的后面，如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ)，副詞就放在賓語(yǔ)后面。Igetupearlyinthemorningeveryday,我每天早早起床。Ihaveseenthisfilmtwicewithmyfriends.這部電影我和朋友看過(guò)兩次。2）副詞修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，副詞在前面，而被修飾的詞在后面。It'srathereasy,Icandoit.這很容易，我能做到。Hediditquitewell.他做得相當(dāng)好。3）頻度副詞可放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的前面,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞的后面。Ioftenhelphimthesedays.這些日子我經(jīng)常幫助他。Youmustn'talwayshelpme.你不必一直幫助我。4）疑問(wèn)副詞以及修飾整個(gè)句子的副詞，通常放在句子的前面。Whendoyoustudyeveryday? 你每天什么時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)？First,letmeaskyousomequestions. 先讓我來(lái)問(wèn)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。5）時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞在一個(gè)句中，地點(diǎn)副詞在前面時(shí)間副詞在后面。Wewentshoppinginthesupermarketat9o'clockyesterday.昨天九點(diǎn)鐘我們到超市買東西了.Whatwereyoudoingintheclassroomyesterdayafternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么？6）否定副詞在句首，句子要倒裝。NeverhaveIfeltsoexcited!.副詞的比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化：1）單音節(jié)詞直接在其后面加-er/-est。例如：hard—harder—hardest2）以字母e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如：wide—wider—widest3）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先把y改為i,再加-er/-est。例如：early—earlier—earliest4）部分雙音節(jié)詞和大部分多音節(jié)的詞，在前面加more和most。例如：slowly—moreslowly—mostslowlycarefully—morecarefully—mostcarefully不規(guī)則變化：well—better—best much—more—mostlittle—less—leastfar—farther—farthestbadly—worse—worst.副詞的比較級(jí)的其他用法1）在同級(jí)比較的結(jié)構(gòu)as/so+原級(jí)+as…的前面可用just,almost,nearly和half等表示程度。例如：Hedoesn’tstudyhalfsohardasyou.他學(xué)習(xí)努力的程度不如你的一半。Thewindblewmoreandmorestrongly.風(fēng)吹得越來(lái)越猛了。2）比較級(jí)前面可以用much,far,alittle,abit,alot等詞修飾，表示程度。Wewillcomebackalittlelater.我們會(huì)稍遲一點(diǎn)回來(lái)。3）兩個(gè)副詞的比較級(jí)可以疊加表示“越來(lái)越”的意思。其結(jié)構(gòu)可以是：比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)，而多音節(jié)詞可以用moreandmore+比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Heworksharderandharder.他工作的越來(lái)越努力。Yoursisterbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.你的妹妹變得越來(lái)越漂亮了。4）如果表示“越……，就越……”可以用“the+比較級(jí)……，the+比較級(jí)……”的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Theharderyouworks,themoreyouwillget.你越努力學(xué)習(xí)，你得到的就越多。5）當(dāng)比較的雙方屬于同一范圍內(nèi)時(shí)候，用other或else排除自己，因?yàn)樽约翰荒芎妥约罕容^。例如：Thegirlsingsbetterthananyothergirlinherclass.那個(gè)女孩比她們班其他女孩都唱得好。如果比較的雙方不屬于同一范圍內(nèi)時(shí)候，則不存在和自己比較的情況，所以可以不用other或者else。例如：Theboyinourclasscametoschoolearlierthananystudentsinthatclass.我們班的那個(gè)男孩比那個(gè)班的任何學(xué)生到校早?！菊骖}再現(xiàn)】—FredisstudyingChineseinoneeveningschool.—Isthattrue?Hehastoldmeaboutit.A.ever B.even C.already D.never—ThesongWheredidthetimegO?llusthatourparentsgrowoldwithoutbeingnoticed.—Weshouldstaywiththemasaspossible.A.oftenB.soonC.littleI'mnothungrybecauseIhavehadlunch.A.ever B.neverC.just D.stillMysistergoestobedearlybecausesheneedsalotofsleepeveryday.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.hardlyD.neverIfmyfriendshaveanyproblems,mydoorisopentothem.A.never B.seldom C.sometimesD.always1doesyourcousinusuallygotoworkonfoot?—Hesaysit'sgoodforhishealth.A.WhereB.WhenC.WhyD.How—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?—Sorry,Icanunderstandit.A.almost B.probably C.nearly D.hardly—Whichjacketdoyouprefer,thisoneorthatone?—isOK.Idon,tcaretoomuch.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.AllItwasrainingwhenmysisterandIgottothemuseum.A.badly B.softly C.hardly D.heavily一HowisSusan?一Oh,Iseeherbecauseshelivesabroad.A.always B.often C.almost D.hardlyThemoviecoversallofChinesehistory.Itisworthseeingagain.A.mainlyB.reallyC.possibly D.hardlyIfelloffthebikeonmywaytoschool.,Iwasn,thurtA.LuckilyB.SuddenlyC.PolitelyD.RecentlyIrideabiketoschool.Butthismorning,Iwalkedtoschool.A.never B.hardly C.seldom D.usually—Ilostmyticket,butthetravelagentgavemeanotherone.A.actually B.firstly C.luckily D.exactly—didyouworkouttheprobleminsuchashorttime?—WithMr.Li,shelp.A.WhenB.Where C.HowD.WhichAlexdidtheprojectoncommunityservicebetterthanhisclassmatesA.so B.very C.too D.much【答案與解析】D。本句句意為：——Fred在一個(gè)夜校學(xué)習(xí)中文?！娴膯幔克麖膩?lái)沒(méi)有告訴我。由答語(yǔ)“Isthattrue?”可知答案選D,never意為“從不，從來(lái)沒(méi)有，A。句意：——歌曲《時(shí)間都去哪兒》告訴我們，我們的父母在不經(jīng)意間變老了?！覀儜?yīng)該盡可能多和他們?cè)谝黄?。often經(jīng)常；soon很快，不久；little很少，非常少。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A項(xiàng)。C。句意：我不餓，因?yàn)槲覄倓偝赃^(guò)午飯。ever曾經(jīng)；never從不；just剛剛；still仍然。根據(jù)題意可知應(yīng)選C。A。句意：我妹妹總是很早上床睡覺(jué)，因?yàn)樗刻煨枰芏嗨邥r(shí)間。always總是；sometimes有時(shí)；hardly幾乎不；never從不。根據(jù)句意可知選擇A項(xiàng)。D。句意：如果我的朋友有任何問(wèn)題，我的大門總是向他們敞開(kāi)。注意結(jié)合句子的含義就能得出答案。never從不；seldom很少；sometimes有時(shí)；always總是。故選D項(xiàng)。C。句意：——你的表弟為何經(jīng)常步行去上班？——他說(shuō)這對(duì)他的健康有益。答句說(shuō)的是原因，應(yīng)該用why提問(wèn)，故答案為C項(xiàng)。D。本題意為：——你能跟上我所說(shuō)的嗎？——對(duì)不起，我?guī)缀醪荒芾斫狻lmost幾乎，差不多；B.probably可能；C.nearly，將近，差不多；D.hardly幾乎不；由前半句的“sorry”可知，此處表示不能理解，故答案選D。B。本句意為：——你喜歡哪個(gè)夾克，這一個(gè)還是哪一個(gè)？——兩者都可以，我不在乎太多。either表示兩者中的任何一個(gè)都怎樣；故答案選B。D。當(dāng)我和妹妹到達(dá)博物館的時(shí)候，雨下的很大；A.badly壞地，糟糕地；B.softly柔軟地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.heavily沉重地，大量地；故本題答案為D。D。句意：——蘇珊怎么樣？——哦！我?guī)缀跻?jiàn)不著她，因?yàn)樗趪?guó)外居住8always一直；often經(jīng)常;almost幾乎;hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)becauseshelivesabroad可知用hardly。B。mainly意為“主要地”；really意為“確實(shí)”；possibly意為“有可能"；hardly意為“幾乎不”。由“ThemoviecoversallofChinesehistory.，可知，它確實(shí)值得再看一遍。故選B。A。句意：在我去學(xué)校的路上我從自行車上摔了下來(lái)。幸運(yùn)的是，我沒(méi)有受傷。luckily幸運(yùn)地；suddenly突然；politely有禮貌地；recently最近。根據(jù)上句從自行車上摔下來(lái)，而后句描述沒(méi)有受傷，可知是幸運(yùn)地。故選A。D。根據(jù)題意可知，今天早晨走路上學(xué)的，但平時(shí)是騎車的。此題前三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為否定意義的副詞，只有D是肯定意義的副詞，這樣可以判斷出來(lái)正確答案。故答案為D。C。句意：我的票丟了，但是幸運(yùn)的是旅行社的經(jīng)紀(jì)人另給了我一張。actually事實(shí)上，確切地說(shuō)；firstly首先；luckily幸運(yùn)地；exactly剛好，恰好。故選C。C。句意：——你怎樣在這么短的時(shí)間里解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的？——在李先生的幫助下。答句說(shuō)的是方式，應(yīng)該用how提問(wèn)，故答案為C項(xiàng)。D。解析：句意：亞歷克斯做的關(guān)于社區(qū)服務(wù)的計(jì)劃比他的同班同學(xué)做的好的多。so如此；very非常；too太，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)；much，far，alot，alittle等用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，說(shuō)明比較的程度。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項(xiàng)。【鞏固練習(xí)】I.單項(xiàng)選擇?！狧owoftendothestudentsplaysports?A.TwiceadayB.SincelastnightC.FortwohoursD.AmonthagoIplaybasketballeverydaybecauseIwanttoplayasasYaoMing.A.wellB.betterC.bestD.good—Howoftendoyouexercise?一ever.BecauseIamverybusywithmywork.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.AlmostAtthesportsmeeting,SimonjumpedasasDaniel.A.highB.higher C.slowD.slower—Mr.Smith,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore?—Sorry!Ithoughtyouwouldfollowme.

A.slowlyB.politelyC.seriouslyD.clearlyA.slowlyB.politelyC.seriouslyD.clearlyIrideabiketoschool.ButthismorningItookataxibecauseIgotuplate.A.neverB.sometimesC.seldomD.usuallyJanedidn,tdointheexam,butherexamresultsarethantwaslastyear.A.bad;worseB.good;betterC.well;betterD.well;worseWhichanimaldoyoulike,acatoradog?A.verymuchB.bestC.betterD.wellMybrotherlikeswatchingTVverymuch.HestaysinfrontoftheTVfortwohourseveryday.A.lessthanB.morethanC.littlethanD.muchthanTheboydoesn,tspeakhissister,buthiswrittenworkisverygood.A.aswellasB.sogoodasC.morebetterthanD.moreworsethan一How willthebossbeback?一Inthesedays.A.far B.soon C.long D.oftenNomatterwhathappens,thefactthatHuangyanIslandbelongstoChina willchange.A.everB.never C.still D.hardlyIdon,tthinkfastfoodisgoodforourhealth,soIgo to MacDonald.A.seldomB.always C.usuallyD.often一Whyareyoudrivingso.Tony?I'mfeelingsick.一Sorry,butthetrainisleavingin20minutes.Wehavetohurry.A.often B.fastC.hard D.slowlyThefirelastnightdestroyedmanybuildings.,noonewaskilled.A.ActuallyB.SimplyC.LuckilyD.ImmediatelyII.用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday.(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.Mobilephonesare(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.Heputonhiscoatandwentout(quick).Sheis(good)thanLiPingatswimming.AlotChinesepeopleare(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold(snow)night.Allieaskedme(polite)toputthethingsaway.It,ssnowinghardYoumustdrive(careful).Theearthweliveonis(big)thanthemoon.Hainanisaverylargeisland.It,sthesecond(large)islandinChina.【答案與解析】I.單項(xiàng)選擇。A?？疾橐蓡?wèn)副