Unit 5 First Aid Using Language 知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解課件 【知識(shí)精講+備課精研】 高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Usinglanguage-Shareyourstoryaboutprovidingfirstaidinterruptscreamfellowdinerchokesteakthroatvi.&vt.打斷；打擾vt.使暫停；使中斷vi.&vt.(因憤或恐懼)高聲喊；大聲叫n.尖叫；尖銳刺耳的聲音adj.同類的；同事的；同伴的；同情況的n.男人；家伙；同事；同輩；同類n.(尤指餐館的)就餐者vi.&vt.

(使)室息；(使)哽咽n.牛排；肉排n.咽喉；喉嚨desperateslaphelpsbtoone'sfeetpracticalobstructionfistgrabtightlyn.絕望的;孤注一擲的;非常需要的vt.(用手掌)打、拍n.(用手掌)打、拍；

拍擊聲幫助某人站起身來adj.切實(shí)可行的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的n.阻礙；堵塞；阻塞物n.拳；拳頭vt.抓?。痪鹑.抓??；搶奪adv.緊緊地；牢固地；緊密地tightmotionfaceup/downjustifywelfarecollapsemanualadj.牢固的；緊身的；繃緊的；嚴(yán)密的

adv.緊緊地；牢固地n.運(yùn)動(dòng)；移動(dòng)面朝上(朝下)

vt.證明……有道理；為……辯護(hù)；是……的正當(dāng)理由n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒n.使用手冊(cè)；說明書adj.用手的；手工的；體力的；手控的ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,

hadhisdinnerinterrupted

whenheheardsomeonescreaming

fromanothertable.Afellowdinerattherestaurant,ZhangTao,waschokingonsomesteak.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred,whilehisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.北京高中生陳偉在吃晚餐，這時(shí)另一桌突然傳來客人的尖叫聲。原來餐廳里的一個(gè)叫張濤的就餐者被牛排噎住了。只見他按著喉嚨，滿臉通紅，他的幾個(gè)朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。ChenWei，ahighschoolstudentinBeijing，hadhisdinnerinterrupted

whenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.陳偉是北京的一個(gè)高中生，當(dāng)他聽到另一個(gè)桌子的一個(gè)人正在尖叫時(shí)，他停下了吃飯。※hadhisdinnerinterrupted是“have＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。have復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的具體構(gòu)成：1

使……被……；某人遭遇……

使某人一直做某事

不容忍/不允許某人做某事

讓某人做某事

有事情要做(不定式作定語)havesb./sth.donehavesb.doingsth.can’thavesb.doingsth.havesb.dosth.havesth.todo※heardsomeonescreaming是“hear＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。hear復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的具體構(gòu)成：do聽到……做(賓語和賓補(bǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系)doing

聽到……正在做(賓語和賓補(bǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系)done

聽到……被做(賓語和賓補(bǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系)hear＋賓語＋(1)Theteacheraskedthegirlstohaveeverything________(prepare)beforetheperformance.老師要求女同學(xué)們?cè)诒硌葜鞍阉械氖虑槎紲?zhǔn)備好。(2)Tomakeprogress，theyhavemuchhomework

everyday.為了取得進(jìn)步，他們每天有很多的作業(yè)要做。(3)Tofinishthetaskontime，themanhadthemachine

(work)alldaylong.為了按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，那人讓機(jī)器一直運(yùn)行著。(4)Shewaswalkingintheemptystreetwhensheheardhername _____(call).她正走在空蕩蕩的大街上，這時(shí)她聽見有人喊她的名字。todopreparedworkingcalledWith復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語

with+賓語+形容詞副詞名詞介詞短語v-ingv-edtodo主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行被動(dòng)、完成尚未發(fā)生“有...要做”句法功能：狀語（表伴隨條件、原因等）或定語Chenwastednotime.HegotupandrantoZhang'stableatonce.Withthehelpof

Zhang'sfriends,hewasabletohelp

Zhangtohisfeet.Then,standingbehindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre.Thefoodwasinstantlyforcedout,andZhangbegantobreatheagain.Tenminuteslater,anambulancearrived.ThedoctorscheckedZhangandmadesurethathewasfine.Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtake

smallerbitesbeforetheyleft.陳偉毫不遲疑。他立刻起身，跑到張濤桌前。在張濤朋友們的幫助下，陳偉扶著他站了起來。接著，陳偉站在張濤的背后，實(shí)施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬間被排出，張濤又能開始呼吸了。十分鐘后，救護(hù)車趕到。醫(yī)生們?yōu)閺垵隽藱z査，確保他沒有大礙。離開前，醫(yī)生建議他吃飯要細(xì)嚼慢咽，小口進(jìn)食。離開前，醫(yī)生建議他吃飯要細(xì)嚼慢咽，小口進(jìn)食。Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtake

smallerbitesbeforetheyleft.2若suggest表示“建議”,則其后接的that從句謂語通常用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣形式.一堅(jiān)持insist二命令ordercommand三建議suggestadviserecommend四要求ask,demand,request,require

Chokingvictimsusuallyhaveonlyaboutfourminutesbeforetheycollapseandsometimesdie,

leavingnotimeforanambulancetoarrive.Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreisquick，

practical,andeasy.Itissoeasy,infact,thatalmostanyonecanlearnhow.噎食者通常大約四分鐘后就會(huì)癱倒在地，有時(shí)甚至死亡，等不到救護(hù)車的到來。為解決這一問題，1974年美國醫(yī)生亨利?海姆立克發(fā)明了海姆立克急救法，挽救了全世界成千上萬人的生命。海姆立克急救法簡(jiǎn)便、實(shí)用、見效快。事實(shí)上，它非常容易操作，幾乎所有人都能學(xué)會(huì)。

Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.Then,makesurethevictimisreallychoking:Achokingpersoncannotspeak.Slappingthevictim’sbackwilloftenforceouttheobstruction.Ifthisdoesnotwork,youcanperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvrebystandingbehindhimandwrappingyourarmsaroundhiswaist.Makeafistwithonehandandplaceitintheupperpartofhisstomach.Grabbingyourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.Continuedoingthisuntiltheobstructionisforcedout.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)有人被噎住，首先撥打急救電話。然后，確定此人確實(shí)是被噎住了:人被噎時(shí)是無法說話的。拍打噎食者的背部通?？梢詫愇锱懦觥Ｈ绻蛔嘈?，那么你可以實(shí)施海姆立克急救法。具體做法是:站在此人身后，用雙臂環(huán)抱其腰部。一只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手緊緊握住拳頭，快速用力向上往里擠壓。重復(fù)上述動(dòng)作，直至異物排出。1.HowtoperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonadultstandbehindhim/her

wrapyourarmsaroundhis/herwaistmakeafistwithonehandplaceitintheupperpartofhis/herstomachGrabyourfistwithyourotherhandtightlypushupandintohis/herstomachinonemotionDoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonasmallchildisnotrecommended,

asyoumayhurthim.Instead,laythechildfacedown

onyourlapwiththeheadlowerthantherestofhisbody,andthengivefirmslapstohisupperbackuntilhecanbreatheagain.

不建議對(duì)小孩實(shí)施海姆立克急救法，因?yàn)槟憧赡軙?huì)傷到他/她。相反，應(yīng)將孩子臉朝下放在大腿上，使其頭部低于身體其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他/她恢復(fù)呼吸。2.HowtoperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonsmallchildlaythechildfacedownheadlowerthanhis/herbodygivefirmslapstohis/herupperback

Withchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.

Youcannotjuststandbyanddonothing.Luckily,Chenhadlearnthowtogivefirstaid

inschool.SeeingZhangchoking,heremainedcalmandreactedimmediately.Chenlatersaidabouttheincident,"HowcouldIjustify

sitting

thereanddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanother'swelfare”

救助噎食者，分秒必爭(zhēng)。不要袖手旁觀。幸運(yùn)的是，陳偉在學(xué)校學(xué)過急救方法?？吹綇垵?，他保持冷靜，且反應(yīng)迅速。后來，陳偉談起此事時(shí)說道:“我有什么理由坐在那兒袖手旁觀呢?大家都是人，我們都有責(zé)任關(guān)心彼此的幸福?！盬ithchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.對(duì)于挽救窒息者而言,每一分鐘都非常要緊3count

在這里的意思是“有價(jià)值;很重要;要緊”,如:Everypointinthisgamecounts.這場(chǎng)比賽每一分都很重要matter的用法和含義與

count類似,如:Thechildrenmattermoretoherthananythingelseintheworld.對(duì)她來說,在這世界上沒有比孩子更重要的了Everyminutecounts.是英語口語中的常用表達(dá),意思是“一刻千金;分秒必爭(zhēng)”,多用于緊急情況或提醒人們珍惜時(shí)間的語境。如:

Incaseofmedicalemergency.callforanambulancerightaway-everyminutecounts.遇到醫(yī)療緊情況,立即撥打電話叫救護(hù)車,分秒必爭(zhēng)!HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoingnothing？我怎么可能坐在那兒什么都不做呢？4justifyv.為……辯護(hù)、開脫、找理由；證明……正當(dāng)、有理、正確justify(doing)sth.為……辯護(hù)；

證明……正當(dāng)、有理、正確justifyoneselffor(doing)sth.

因?yàn)?做)……為自己辯護(hù)(1)Hersuccesshadjustifiedthefaithherteachershadputinher.她的成功證明了老師對(duì)她的信心是正確的。(2)Theexperimentsjustify

(change)thenormalmethodofwork.這些實(shí)驗(yàn)說明改變通常的工作方法是對(duì)的。(3)Facedwithsomanyangrypeople，hehadtojustify

(he)forhisbehaviour.面對(duì)那么多憤怒的人，他不得不為自己的行為辯白。changinghimselfSummary1.ChenWei,ahighschoolstudentinBeijing,hadhisdinnerinterruptedwhenheheardsomeonescreamingfromanothertable.2.Hewasnowholdinghisthroatwithhisfaceturningred,whilehisdesperatefriendswereslappinghimontheback.3.Then,standingbehindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre.4.Chokingvictimsusuallyhaveonlyaboutfourminutesbeforetheycollapseandsometimesdie,leavingnotimeforanambulancetoarrive.賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語定語狀語5.Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.6.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreisquick，practical,andeasy.7.Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.8.Then,makesurethevictimisreallychoking:Achokingpersoncannotspeak.9.Slappingthevictim’sbackwilloftenforceouttheobstruction.10.Ifthisdoesnotwork,youcanperformtheHeimlichmanoeuvrebystandingbehindhimandwrappingyourarmsaroundhiswaist.11.Grabbingyourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.狀語主語賓補(bǔ)定語主語賓語狀語12.Continuedoingthisuntiltheobstructionisforcedout.13.DoingtheHeimlichmanoeuvreonasmallchildisnotrecommended,asyoumayhurthim.14.Withchokingvictims,everyminutecounts.15.SeeingZhangchoking,heremainedcalmandreactedimmediately.Chenlatersaidabouttheincident,"HowcouldIjustifysittingthereanddoing

nothing?主語定語狀語賓補(bǔ)賓語賓語have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語句中hadhisdinnerinterrupted是“have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，hisdinner與動(dòng)詞interrupt之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。其用法如下：

使……被……；某人遭遇……

使某人一直做某事

不容忍/不允許某人做某事

讓某人做某事

有事情要做(不定式作定語)1havesb./sth.donehavesb.doingsth.can’thavesb.doingsth.havesb.dosth.havesth.todo(1)(應(yīng)用文之建議信)Learningthatyou_____________________________________inEnglishlearning，I’mwritingtoofferyousomeadvice.Firstly，youhadbetter_________________________________everyday.Besides，whynot__________________________________youwhenyoucomeacrosssomedifficulties？Allinall，followtheaboveadviceandyoucan_____________________intime.can’thaveyourselffallingbehindothershavesomewordsandsentencestorecitehaveyourfriendsandEnglishteacherhelphaveyourEnglishimproved得知你不能容忍自己在英語學(xué)習(xí)方面落后于他人，我寫信給你一些建議。首先，你最好有每天背誦的一些單詞和句子。其次，當(dāng)你遇到困難時(shí)，何不讓你的朋友和英語老師幫你？總之，聽從以上建議，你遲早會(huì)提高你的英語。(2)Iamterriblysorryto

intherainforsuchalongtime.我非常抱歉讓你在雨里等這么長時(shí)間。haveyouwaitingso...that...結(jié)構(gòu)此句中的so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，其用法如下：_____________________________________________somany/few/much/little(少)＋that2so＋adj./adv.＋thatso＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that注意：such...that...意為“如此……以至于”，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，其用法如下：such＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that...such＋adj.＋

＋that...在so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果so/such...放句首，句子要用部分倒裝不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞(1)(讀后續(xù)寫之喜悅心理描寫)Hewas

healmostjumpedup，withtearswellingupinhiseyes.＝

healmostjumpedup，withtearswellingupinhiseyes.他是如此高興，幾乎要跳起