期中復(fù)習(xí)課件-牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)

8A期中復(fù)習(xí)Languagepoints1.CanIhavesomethingtodrink?我能喝點(diǎn)什么嗎?somethingtodrink意為“喝的東西”，此結(jié)構(gòu)中todrink為動(dòng)詞不定式，作后置定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞something。動(dòng)詞不定式、形容詞或else等作定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞時(shí)要放在不定代詞之后。你想吃點(diǎn)東西嗎?Doyouwantsomethingtoeat?我有重要的事要告訴你。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.盒子里沒有什么其他的東西。Thereisnothingelseinthebox.提醒：①通常在疑問句中要用anything，但在“CanI...?”，“Wouldyoulike...?”等表示征求意見或希望得到肯定答復(fù)的句型中要用something。如：Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想要喝點(diǎn)東西嗎?②something與anything，nothing，everything等其他不定代詞一樣，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：Somethingiswrongwiththecomputer.這臺(tái)電腦出故障了。運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的一切都準(zhǔn)備好了。Everythingisreadyforthesportsmeeting.2.CanIhavesomemorefood?somemorefood為固定結(jié)構(gòu)“數(shù)量限定詞+more+名詞”。表示在原有的基礎(chǔ)上還需要一定數(shù)量的某物。數(shù)量限定詞可以是具體的數(shù)詞，也可以是any，some，no，alittle，afew，many，much等。more在這里是限定詞，意為“更多的;額外的"，是many和much的比較級(jí)，既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：Givemesomemorewater,please.請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我一些水。小妹有兩個(gè)蘋果，但她還想再要一些。Littlesisterhastwoapples,butshewantssomemore.為了明天的聚會(huì)，莉莉還需要幾個(gè)氣球。Lilyneedsafewmoreballoonsfortomorrow'sparty.拓展：“基數(shù)詞+more+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”相當(dāng)于“another+基數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。你還要再來(lái)兩個(gè)蘋果嗎?

Wouldyouliketwomoreapples?=Wouldyoulikeanothertwoapples?3.keepasecret意為“保守秘密”，相當(dāng)于keepsecrets。Secret作名詞還可表示“秘訣”thesecretto。合secret的短語(yǔ)keepasecret=keepsecrets

保守秘密keepasecretforsb.

為某人保守秘密keepthe/one’ssecrettooneself

把秘密藏在某人自己心里secretadj.asecretgarden請(qǐng)學(xué)會(huì)保守秘密。我們會(huì)把秘密藏在我們自己心里。Pleaselearntokeepasecret.Wewillkeepoursecretstoourselves.keeptheplansecret5.Whatmakesgoodfriends,Amy?make，連系動(dòng)詞，意為“成為;適合”，后面通常接名詞性短語(yǔ)Ithinkyouwillmakeagooddoctor.我認(rèn)為你將會(huì)成為一位好醫(yī)生。拓展：make，使役動(dòng)詞，意為“使；讓”，通常構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)“make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(名詞/形容詞/不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式)”。老板讓工人們每天工作十小時(shí)。Thebossmadetheworkersworkfortenhoursaday.6.Youcantrustthembecausetheynevertelllies.你可以信任他們，因?yàn)樗麄儚牟蝗鲋e。解析：lie，可數(shù)名詞，意為“謊言”，telllies/tellalie說(shuō)謊。Theteacherasksusnottotelllies.老師要求我們不要說(shuō)謊。拓展：①lie，動(dòng)詞，意為“說(shuō)謊”?，F(xiàn)在分詞為lying，過(guò)去式為lied.不要相信湯姆。他在說(shuō)謊Don'tbelieveTom.Heislying.②lie，動(dòng)詞，意為“躺；平放；位于”，現(xiàn)在分詞為lying，過(guò)去式為lay。他躺下休息一下。Helaydowntohavearest.7.true，形容詞，意為“確實(shí)的；的確”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)、故事、消息等是真的，與客觀事實(shí)一致，不是假的。cometrue意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)”。Thenewsistrue.那則消息是真的。我希望他夢(mèng)想成真。Ihopehisdreamwillcometrue.Ihopehecanrealizehisdream.拓展：true的副詞形式為truly，名詞形式為truth。Itistruethat意為“.....是真實(shí)的”。Itistruethathepassedtheexam.他通過(guò)了考試(這件事)是真的。true，形容詞，意為“確實(shí)的；的確”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)、故事、消息等是真的，與客觀事實(shí)一致，不是假的。Theansweristrue.real，形容詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)人或事物真實(shí)的存在，不是想象的、虛構(gòu)的。FatherChristmasisnotreal.9.Bettyhasagoodvoice.貝蒂有副好嗓子。解析：voice，名詞，意為“嗓音”，一般指人的聲音。Don'tspeakinsuchaloudvoice.說(shuō)話聲音不要這么大。辨析：voice,sound與noise詞條含義用法voice名詞，意為“嗓音”指人的聲音、說(shuō)話聲、歌唱聲;也可指鳥的聲音sound名詞，意為“聲音，響聲”指人、動(dòng)物或物體發(fā)出的聲音，即大自然的任何聲音連系動(dòng)詞，意為“聽起來(lái)”后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)noise常作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“噪音，喧鬧聲”常指不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲1.Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,ourmonitorspokeinaloudvoice,"Standup!”老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，我們的班長(zhǎng)大聲喊道“起立!”2.Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.光傳播得比聲音快得多。3.Thenoiseofthetraffickepthimawake.車輛的喧鬧聲使他睡不著。10.Theydonotfitwellunderhisdesk.它們?cè)谡n桌底下伸不開。解析：fit，動(dòng)詞，意為“可容納，裝進(jìn)"。拓展：①fit作動(dòng)詞還可表示“使適合，勝任”。Hisexperiencefittedhimperfectlyforthejob.他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)使他完全勝任這份工作。②fit，形容詞，意為“適合的，恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?。Heisn'tfitforthisjob.他不適合做這份工作。③fit作形容詞還可表示健康的，結(jié)實(shí)的"，相當(dāng)于healthy。Ihopeyoucankeepfit.我希望你能保持健康。Allthekidswillfitinthecar.所有的孩子都可以坐到車?yán)铩?1.Whenhewalkspastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.當(dāng)他走過(guò)我們的課桌時(shí)，經(jīng)常把我們的書和鋼筆碰到地上。解析：knock，及物動(dòng)詞，意為“撞，擊，敲，打，碰”。knock的短語(yǔ)knocksth.onto

將某物撞到....上knockat/on

敲knockover

撞翻；碰倒knockdown

打倒；撞倒；拆Iknockedtheglassontotheground.我把玻璃杯撞到了地上Listen!Whoisknockingat/onthedoor?聽!誰(shuí)在敲門?Don'tknockthebottleover.別把瓶子碰倒?！?2.height13.weight12.解析：height,名詞，意為“高，高度”。它的形容詞原級(jí)是high，比較級(jí)是higher，最高級(jí)是highest。Ourschoolhasahighbuilding.Itsheightis28metres.我們學(xué)校有一座高的建筑物。它的高度為28米。那座山的高度是多少?What'stheheightofthatmountain?Pleaseweightheapples.請(qǐng)稱這些蘋果。13.解析：weight,名詞，意為“重量”，其動(dòng)詞是weigh.Howmuchdoyouweigh?=What'syourweight?含weight的短語(yǔ)putonweight

發(fā)胖，增肥loseweight

減肥takeone'sweight

稱體重你的體重多少？·14.makefriends

·解析：makefriends意為“交朋友”。在這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中friend一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示“與某人交朋友”用makefriendswithsb.。拓展：含make的短語(yǔ)：makecoffee沖咖啡makeafire生火makethebed整理床鋪makefaces做鬼臉makeaspeech作演講makeajoke講笑話makesure確保，一定makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤makebreakfast做早飯makemoney賺錢I'dliketomakefriendswiththem.我想與他們交朋友·15.smiling

·..解析：smiling，形容詞，意為“微笑的，帶著笑意的”,用來(lái)做定語(yǔ)。其動(dòng)詞smile意為“微笑”,后可接介詞at。We'llneverforgetmother'ssmilingface.我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記媽媽的笑臉。Johnsonisahopefulman.Healwayssmilesatlife.約翰遜是一個(gè)懷有希望的人。他總是笑對(duì)生活。拓展：smile，名詞，意為“微笑”。湯姆總是面帶微笑。Tomalwayswearsasmileonhisface.*遇到Keep,finish,complete,spend,practise,后面動(dòng)詞加ing。

keepexercingfinish/completewashingclothesspendasmuchtimeasyoucanspeakingEnglishpractisewritinginEnglish*遇到介詞of,at,in,on,about,from,after,into,onto,for，up后面動(dòng)詞加ing。

becrazyaboutlisteningtomusicinsteadofwatchingTVlookforwardtohavingarestThanksforwatchingafterhavingPEgiveupsleepinghaveproblemsinlearningEnglishbebusywashingclothes*plantodosth.

bewilling/ready

todosth.be+形容詞+todosth.choose

todosh.offer

todosth.can’twait

todosth.support

todosth.advisesb.(not)todosth.tell/asksb.(not)

todosth.learn

todosth.invitesb.todosth.*hadbetter(not)dosth.=‘dbetter(not)dosth.

bebettertodosth.*need做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞肯定：needdosth.否定：needn’tdosth.need做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞肯定：needtodosth.否定：don’t/doesn’t/didn’tneedtodosth.辨析：anytime=anytime任何時(shí)候anytimes任意次數(shù)sometime一段時(shí)間sometimes幾次sometimes有時(shí)辨析：growup長(zhǎng)大giveup放棄turnup出現(xiàn)tidyup整理好

lookout注意lookthrough瀏覽lookup查閱lookfor尋找putup搭建；張貼puton穿putout撲滅putin安裝putaway放好cutout剪出workout算出；解決turnout發(fā)生carryout實(shí)施*bring帶過(guò)來(lái)take帶走bringin帶來(lái)*發(fā)生takepalce有計(jì)劃地發(fā)生happen偶然碰巧發(fā)生TheweddingwillbetakenplaceinDecember.Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday.*thenumberof...的數(shù)量

(數(shù)量的大小只能用large、small)Anumberof=Alotof大量thenumberofstudentsis1200.Anumberofstudentsare

fromChina.Thenumberofwildanimalsisgettingsmallerandsmaller.*befullof=befilledwith充滿fillAwithB用B裝滿Afillthebagwithbooks*worryabout=beworriedabout對(duì)...感到擔(dān)憂worry使..感到擔(dān)憂；困擾...Iworryaboutthecomingexam.=Iamworriedaboutthecomingexam.我對(duì)接下來(lái)的考試感到擔(dān)心。Whensomethingworriesme,....當(dāng)有事困擾著我的時(shí)候Don’tworry.不要擔(dān)心。*到達(dá)：arriveat/in=getto=reacharriveatthebusstoparriveinBeijingarrivethere/here/home=getthere/here/homeSunshineMiddleSchoolstudentswillarriveat5pm.onMondaymorning.SunshineMiddleSchoolstudentswillarriveattheparkonMondaymorning.*四大金“花”：spend,take,pay,cost人spendtime/money(on)doingsth.

in

名詞人paymoneyforsth.物/Ittake..todosth物/Itcostmoney*anexcellent/honest/American/Australia/ideal/interesting/exciting...*ed結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾人；ing結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾物excitedexcitinginterestedinterestingboredboringIfeltboredwiththisboringbook.*stopdoingsth.停止做...stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做另一件事

stoplaughingstoptohavearestforgetdoingsth.忘記做過(guò)...(已經(jīng)做了）forgettodosth.忘記去做...（還沒有做)*borrow..from從..借來(lái)lend...to借給keep保留A;CanIborrowyourbook?B:Sorry,IlentittoMike.Youcanborrowthisoneandyoucankeepitfor2weeks.A;Thanks*問性格、品質(zhì)：Whatis/aresb.like?

問喜好：Whatdo/doessb.like?問長(zhǎng)相：Whatdo/doessb.looklike?*notonly..but（also)就近原則notonlyAbutalsoB,主語(yǔ)是BNotonlymysisterbutmyparentslikeapples.with/togetherwith就遠(yuǎn)原則AwithB,主語(yǔ)是AIwithMikeamthememberoftheReadingClub.*表示時(shí)間的介詞：大于1天，用inin2012,inwinter等于1天，用ononWednesday小于1天，用atat7a.m.特殊：inthemorning/afternoon/evening具體某一天的早中晚用ononMondaymorningat/ontheweekend*price價(jià)格

形容價(jià)格的高低用high/lowThepricesofbooksherearemuchhigherthanthoseinmybookstore.*what的用法1.特殊疑問句中做賓語(yǔ)______istheheightofDaniel?______istheageofMillie?______arethenamesoftheseboys?2.特殊疑問句中做主語(yǔ)____isinyourpocket?*賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣Canyoutellmewhoisyourfather?Idon’tknowhowoldyouare.Doyouknowwhatsheislike?*further進(jìn)一步的

（程度）farther更遠(yuǎn)的（距離）furtherstudy/information*情景交際：Itcouldn’tbebetter.太好了Itcouldn’tbeworse.太糟了Icann’tagreemore.我非常贊同Idon'tthinkso.我不這么認(rèn)為。Ithinkso.我想是這樣的。Comeon加油/得了吧/快點(diǎn)I‘mafraidnot.我恐怕不是。I’mafraidso.我恐怕是這樣的Exactly正是如此！一點(diǎn)不假*stick過(guò)去式stuckchoose過(guò)去式choseGrammarI.比較級(jí)用于兩者進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)構(gòu)為“Ais比較級(jí)thanB”。1.Mybikeismorebeautifulthanhers.我的自行車比她的漂亮。II.表示兩者之間選擇，用“which/whois比較級(jí)，AorB？”表示“兩者之間較……之一”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。1.Whichisnearertothesun,themoonortheearth?哪個(gè)離太陽(yáng)更近，月球還是地球？他是兩人中較瘦的那個(gè)。Heisthethinnerofthetwo.比較級(jí)III.“越來(lái)越……”用“比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞用“moreandmore原級(jí)”。1.Theweatherisbecomingcolderandcolder.天氣變得越來(lái)越冷了。她變得越來(lái)越美了。Sheisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.IV.表示“越……越……”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。你越細(xì)心，得分越多。Themorecarefulyouare,themorepointsyouwillget.·

最高級(jí)I.表示三者及以上人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)用最高級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“the+最高級(jí)+in/of/among+范圍”。Thepictureisthebestofall.這幅畫是所有畫中最好的。她是班上最美的女孩。Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlintheclass.II.表示在三者及以上之間選擇，用“which/whoisthe+最高級(jí)，A,BorC？”Whoisthetallest,Tom,KateorBill?湯姆、凱特、比爾，誰(shuí)最高？III.表示“最……之一”用“oneofthe最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。Sheisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.她是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。IV.形容詞最高級(jí)前面加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾……”。Sheisthesecondtallestgirlinourclass.她是我班上第二高的女孩。*形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的互換。例如：Heistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.=Heistallerthantheotherboysinourclass.=Heisthetallestboyinourclass.注意比較以下兩個(gè)句子：ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.（范圍之內(nèi)）=ShanghaiislargerthantheothercitiesinChina.ShanghaiislargerthananycityinJapan.（范圍之外）*much,far,even,alot,alittle,abit后面的形容詞或副詞用比較級(jí)。SandywritesmuchmorebeautifullythanMillie.Herrulerisalotlongerthanmine.*比較句中，用that/those代指被比較的同一事物。TheweatherinBeijingisbetterthanthatinShanghai.Thepricesherearehigherthanthoseinthisstore.*同級(jí)比較as..as和..一樣as...as中間用形/副的原型。否定句為：notso/as..asnot加在哪里？Mikerunsa