中考英語定語從句易犯錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)課件

定語從句常見錯(cuò)誤類型2

應(yīng)用定語從句易犯的小錯(cuò)誤一、在定語從句中加了多余的賓語。誤：SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome．正：SomeoftheboysIinviteddidn’tcome．譯：我邀請的男孩中有幾個(gè)沒有來。析：應(yīng)刪去them，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語是省略了的whom，who或that。1.SomeofthegirlsIinvitedthemdidnotcome.此句因刪去them，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語時(shí)省略了whom/who.2.Isthisthephotowhichyoutookitlastweek?應(yīng)刪去it，因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語時(shí)關(guān)系代詞which，無需再用it了。4二、把定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)弄錯(cuò)。誤：Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished．正：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished．譯：任何違犯法律的人將被處罰。析：應(yīng)改break為breaks，因?yàn)閣ho指anyone，是單數(shù)。knowknowsHeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswho_____(know)Frenchinourschool.Heisoneofthemaleteacherswho____(know)Frenchinourschool.Tip：關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須保持一致。Thosewhohasfinishedtheirhomeworkmayleavetheclassroomnow.ThewomanwhoteachusEnglishisJenny.haveteaches3.Thisisoneofthehousesthatisfreenow.areoneofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。theonlyoneofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語用單數(shù)6三、誤省略了定語從句中作主語的關(guān)系代詞。誤：Thekeyopensthebikeismissing．正：Thekeythat／whichopensthebikeismissing．譯：開這輛自行車的鑰匙不見了。析：應(yīng)加上關(guān)系代詞that或which，因?yàn)閺木渖僦髡Z，且主語不能省略。小結(jié)：

1.定語從句中不能缺少先行詞。

2.在從句中作主語的關(guān)系代詞不可省。1.Thisiswhoeveryonerespects.(這就是大家尊敬的人。)2.Childreneatmuchsugaroftengetbadteeth.單句改錯(cuò)并指出錯(cuò)誤所在theperson/manwho8TheAttributiveclause1

定語從句91.引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。引導(dǎo)詞3個(gè)作用：10關(guān)系代詞用法

關(guān)系代詞指代

在從句中的作用thatwhichwhowhomwhose(=ofwhich)人／物

主／賓主／賓主／賓賓定

人

人人／物物

Summary11

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。

Readthesesentencestofindtherules.1)I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.

(RULE1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修飾時(shí).122)Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.

Thisisthebestplace(that)wehavevisited.3)Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.Heisjusttheperson(that)wearelookingfor.(RULE3)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,

justthe等修飾時(shí)。that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。(RULE2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)。13

4)Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersand

theschools

that

wehadvisitedthere.5)Who

thatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.

Whoisthegirl

thatdrovethecar?(RULE5)先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。(RULE4)當(dāng)并列的兩個(gè)先行詞分別表示人或物,用關(guān)系代詞that146)Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.7)Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?

Whichisthefilmthatgotthefirst–classawardthisyear.(RULE7)當(dāng)主句是which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.(RULE6)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.15Discussion(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修飾時(shí).(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)。(3)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,

justthe等修飾時(shí)。(4)當(dāng)并列的兩個(gè)先行詞分別表示人或物,用關(guān)系代詞that(5)先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。(6)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.(7)當(dāng)主句是which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.從句前有“不定代”；先行詞前theonly，thesame，any，thevery在，或有“高、序”去替代，只用“that”來安排。

順口溜：

定語從句中只用who,不用that的情況Onewhodoesnotworkhardwillneversucceed.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.SheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeentotheUSA.Thosewholearnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.1.先行詞是one,ones或anyone時(shí);先行詞為those或被those修飾，指人時(shí)

2.在以therebe…的句子中，先行詞為人時(shí)

Thereisacomradeoutsidewhowantstoseeyou.

3.當(dāng)定語從句中又有定語從句,且先行項(xiàng)都為人時(shí)

Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshard.4.當(dāng)指人的先行項(xiàng)被一些指物的名詞修飾時(shí)

There'sonlyonestudentintheschoolwhoIwanttosee.Doyouknowthewomaninbluewithababyonherbackwhoisworkinginthefields?5.在非限制性定語從句中指人

Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromAmerica.6.定語從句中有插入語時(shí),且先行項(xiàng)為人時(shí)

JacksonisamanwhoIbel