【廣東創(chuàng)新設(shè)計】高考英語一輪復習 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 選修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions漫畫欣賞畫面描述

Twopeople，fatherandson，aretalkingwitheachother.Theboy，standingontheground，islookingupathisfather，slightlyscared，whilehisfather，seatedonabigChinesecharacter“fu”，meaning“father”，isshoutingathisson.寓意理解

Inoursociety，fatherandsonarenotinequalpositions.Fatherssimplytelltheirsonswhattodoandwhatnottodoratherthanlistenpatiently.Sonshavefewchancestosharetheirownideasoropenuptotheirfathers.Theyoftenlookuptotheirfatherswithrespect，fearingthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfathers’expectations.你能否對此加以擴展，寫一篇120詞左右的小短文？短文填空根據(jù)課文Theproblemofsnakes完成下列短文。

thewritercalleduphermotherinthecountryonthephone，shelearnedthatsnakescameneartheirhouseandthatthesnakesseemed

(make)theirhomeneartheirhouse.Thewriterfeltproudandconsidered

achanceforhertodistinguish

byinventingsomething

wouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.Shesetabout

(research)thehabitsofsnakes.Shedecidedtocoolthemsothattheycouldbe

(easy)caught.However，herfirsttwoplanswerenotsuccessful.Asaresult，shehadtoattempta

time，whichhelpedherfulfillheraimsuccessfully.Shewas

delightedthatshewasdeterminedtosendher

(invent)tothepatentofficetogetrecognitionforhersuccessfulidea.Whentohavemadeitherselfthat/whichresearchingeasilythirdsoinventionⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Hehasgotatrainticketvfor3months，sohecandecidetogooutatanytime.2．Thecompany’saffairsareinaterriblem.3．Ourproposalfailedtomeetthecestablishedbythegovernment，sotheygaveusnomoney.4．I’llstudyhardtoliveuptomyparents’eofme.5．Thisdressisacheapervoftheonewesawinthatshop.6．Thepolicehavemadea

(發(fā)現(xiàn))ofafactorywhichproducesfalsealcoholatacountryhouse.7．Forsomeunknownreason，themeetingcametoan

(突然的)end.8．They

(聲稱)thattheyhavefoundacureforthedisease，butthishasnotyetbeenproved.alidessriterionxpectationersioniscoveryabruptclaim9．Inthehardtimes，she________(忍受)thepainwithgreatcourage.10．Canyou

(區(qū)別)thedifferentbuildingsatsuchadistance?boredistinguishⅡ.短語填空

1．We________acoffeeshoptoavoidtherain.2．I’msorry，butIhaveto________now.Ihaveatraintocatch.3．Theyhavesentusanotherformto________.4．Planningaprojectisjust_____________workingouttherightordertodothingsin.5．Idialedseveraltimes，butIjustcouldn’t________________.6．Hewasoverlookedwhenthey________choosinganewmanager.7．________atyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetanother.8．Myclockwas___________andwokedmeupat3thismorning.9．Thesmellofthesea________happymemoriesofmyyouth.10．You’dbetterwritethetelephonenumberdown________youforget.divedintoringofffillinamatterofgetthroughsetaboutHangonoutofordercalledupincaseⅢ.完成句子1．Betweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly，_______________________________________________(這些果凍冷卻后會凍結(jié))．(cool)2．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，and________________(不知不覺中)，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.(know)3．________________(由于非常穩(wěn)定)，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.(stable)whichfreezeshardwhencooledbeforeyouknowitBeingverystable核心詞匯梳理1．messn.

雜亂，臟亂

v．無所事事，胡鬧Theworkmenclearedupthemessbeforetheyleft.那位工人臨走前清理了臟亂的東西。

搭配beinamess亂七八糟getin(into)amess陷入困境makeamessof打亂，(把……)弄得很亂messabout(around)胡鬧，胡混messup弄臟，弄亂完成句子(1)____________________(別亂鬧了)，comeandhelpus!(2)Thechildren__________________________________(把房間弄得凌亂不堪)．(3)Theroomis____________________(雜亂不堪)．Stopmessingaroundhavemadeamessintheroominamess2．distinguishv.

顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishonefromtheother.這對孿生兒長得很像，沒有人能分辨的出。

搭配distinguishrightfromwrong明辨是非distinguishoneself顯揚自己，使自己揚名

鏈接differfrom(with)sb.(sth.)與某人(某物)不同separate分離，

區(qū)分divide把……分成完成句子(1)Elephants____________________(有……特征)theirlongtrunks.(2)Canyou____________________(辨別)thoseobjects?(3)Theyoungofficer____________________(使自己揚名)manytimesinbattle.aredistinguishedbydistinguishbetweendistinguishedhimself3．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的

搭配beconvenientto/forsb.對某人來說方便Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.?如果我下午6點來拜訪你，方便嗎？

搭配itisconvenientforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事方便

提示convenient不可用“人”作主語。如果表達“如果你方便的

話，在你方便的時候”時，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。完成句子(1)在你方便的時候請過來。Comewhenever____________________.(2)如果你方便的話，我下周二去見你。____________________________,IwillbewithyounextTuesday.(3)我明天不方便去看望你。

formetoseeyoutomorrow.(4)我們什么時候見面最方便呢？When____________________forustomeet?itisconvenienttoyouIf(itis)quiteconvenienttoyouItwon’tbeconvenientisitmostconvenient4．claimvt.

要求；認領(lǐng)；聲稱

搭配claimtodo...聲稱做某事claimtohavedone聲稱做過某事claimthat...宣稱、聲明……n.

要求；索賠；權(quán)利；主張

搭配makeaclaimforsth.提出……的要求haveaclaimto/onsth.要求得到……完成句子(1)她聲稱她是女王的親戚。She____________________berelatedtothequeen.(2)醫(yī)生聲稱已經(jīng)找到了治療該疾病的方法。Doctors__________________________acureforthedisease.(3)他聲稱他未得到公正的申述機會。He____________________hewasnotgivenafairhearing.(4)你提出賠償損害的要求了嗎？Didyou________________________？(5)他們無權(quán)索要那塊據(jù)認為蘊藏有豐富石油的土地。They______________________，whichwasbelievedtoberichinoil.claimstoclaimedtohavediscoveredclaimedthatmakeaclaimfordamageshadnoclaimontheland5．bearvt.

忍受；承受；負起

搭配can’tbeardoing/todo忍受不了做某事

can’tbearsb.doing/todo不能忍受某人做某事；

不能容忍某人做某事

提示bear通常與can，could連用，多用于否定句或疑問句中。

beardoing意為“耐得住……；經(jīng)得起……”，通常用于否定

句或疑問句，且不可用人作主語。

鏈接stand忍受，忍耐endure忍受，忍耐tolerate忍受，容忍完成句子(1)阿莉森忍受不了離別之苦，去機場的路上一直在哭。Alison____________________andcriedallthewaytotheairport.(2)他忍受不了人們在他吃飯的時候吸煙。Hecan’tbear____________________whilehe’seating.(3)這種痛苦幾乎使他無法忍受。Thepainwasalmostmorethan____________________.(4)我們想都不敢想賣農(nóng)場的事。Wejustcouldn’t_________________________________.couldn’tbeartoleavepeoplesmokinghecouldbearbearthethoughtofsellingthefarm重點短語例釋1．callup召喚；使人想起；調(diào)動(力量、人員等)；(給……)打電話觀察下列句子，說出callup在句中的意義(1)Thephotographcalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.(2)Hewascalleduprightatthebeginningofthewar.(3)Don’tcallmeupinthemorning.

答案：(1)喚起了(2)征召(3)打電話2．hangon緊握??；堅持下去，繼續(xù)干；(打電話時)等一等Hangontothestrap；thebusisabouttostart.抓緊皮圈，公共汽車就要開動了。I’mafraidthelineisbusy；wouldyouliketohangon？電話恐怕占線，你能再等一會嗎？

拓展hangonto抓住不放，保持持有hangup掛起來getthehangof學會使用；懂得道理

識記hangabout在……蕩來蕩去holdon堅持下去；(打電話)等一等holdto堅持(說法，看法)(想法，做法)holdup舉起，支撐，使停頓用hang的短語填空(1)Thelibraryisn’topen，soIhaveto_____________here.(2)Help!Ican’t________muchlonger!(3)Ifyou________likethisinyourstudy，youwillsucceed，Ithink.(4)I’d___________thatoldvasebecauseitwillbegreatlyvaluable.(5)Timeisup.Ihaveto________thereceivernow.hangabouthangonhangonhangontohangup3.incase以防萬一；假使Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.拿著雨傘以防下雨。

拓展incaseof后可加名詞或代詞，意思是“要是……，在……時候”。inthiscase如果這樣的話inthatcase如果那樣的話inanycase無論如何innocase決不用inanycase，incase，innocase，inthatcase填空(1)____________________(如果那樣的話)，Ihavenomoretosay.(2)I’vegotthekey__________(以防)wewanttogoinside.(3)______________(無論如何都不)areyoutoleaveyourpost.(4)______________(不管怎樣)Ishallreturninadayortwo.InthatcaseincaseInnocaseInanycase4．diveinto跳水(頭朝下)；將手伸入……中；(對問題)全心投入，潛心研究Hedivedinto/inthehistoryofChina.他潛心研究中國歷史。

拓展diveinto作“潛心于……”講時和devoteoneselftosth.的意思一樣，但devoteoneselftosth.還有“投身于……把自己奉

獻給……”的意思。完成句子He____________________(伸手進入)thebagandbroughtouttworedapples.dived(hishand)into5．setout出發(fā)；上路ShesetoutforParisat6andhopedtogettherebeforedark.她6點動身去巴黎，希望天黑前到達。

拓展setouttodosth.開始做某事；著手做某事

辨析setaboutdoingsth.著手做某事getdownto(doing)sth.開始認真做某事

鏈接setoff動身，出發(fā)，引爆

startout動身，出發(fā)用上述短語填空(1)I_________toknitasweaterbutintheenditbecameavest.(2)We_____________cleaningthehouse.(3)Let’s___________dealingwiththeseproblemsnow.(4)Columbus______onexploringthedistantregionsoftheearth.setoutsetaboutgetdowntosetout6．ringoff掛斷電話(＝hangup)

拓展ringup打電話ringback回電話hold/hangon不掛斷電話You’dbetterringoffnow—theboyiscrying.你最好掛斷電話，孩子在哭鬧。I’llringbackinhalfanhour.半小時內(nèi)我給你回電話。Jameswillbebackatonce；hangon.別掛斷電話，詹姆斯馬上回來。7．getthrough設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(通電話)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子(1)這道門可供五個人通過。Thedoorwayisbigenoughforfivepeople_________________.(2)你完成工作后，我們出去吧。Whenyou__________________________，let’sgoout.(3)湯姆考試及格了。____________________intheexamination.(4)我給你打了幾次電話，可是沒打通。

Irangyouseveraltimes________________________.togetthroughgetthroughwithyourworkTomgotthroughbutcouldn’tgetthrough8．outoforder次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障(＝gowrong)Theliftisoutoforder.電梯壞了。9.nowandthen偶爾；有時(＝everynowandthen)Hewenttoseehisgrandmothereverynowandthen.他時而去看看他的祖母。Heactsthefoolnowandthen.他有時候表現(xiàn)出一副傻瓜的樣子。疑難語句細解1．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.(PP.21～41)

只有你得到這種承認，你才可以說是一個真正的發(fā)明家。

句型Onlyafter/when...(主句倒裝)只有在……之后，才……根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子(1)只有抓住今天，才能不丟失明天。Onlywhenyouseizetoday____________________tomorrow.

(2)只有當自由失去時，人們才懂得它的價值。Onlywhenonelosesfreedom_____one____itsvalue.(3)只是在做了幾百次實驗之后，他們才成功地解決了這一問題。__________theyhadperformedhundredsofexperiments_____theysucceedinsolvingtheproblem.canyounotlosedoesknowOnlyafterdid2．ThenextmorningIgotupearlybeforethesunwashot.

第二天早晨太陽光還不太熱，我就起床了。

句型before引導從句時，有時也可譯為“趁著還沒……”，但before從句中的謂語動詞通常是短暫性動詞，而while從句

的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞。

提示while引導時間狀語從句時，有時可譯為“趁著”。Writeitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁著還沒忘，把它寫下來吧。Writeitdownwhileitisstillfreshinyourmemory.趁著仍記憶猶新，把它寫下來吧。翻譯(1)Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot._________________________________________________________(2)Makehaywhilethesunshines.__________________________________________________________(3)Theboyplayedthecomputergameswhilehismotherwasaway.___________________________________________________________我們必須趁熱打鐵。(諺語)曬干草要趁陽光好。(見機行事，趁熱打鐵)那孩子趁著媽媽不在家打起了電腦游戲。3．Nowit’samatterofwaitingandhoping.現(xiàn)在就是等待和期盼了。

句型(just/only)amatterof...是很常用的一個短語，意為“(只不過)是個……的問題”。完成句子(1)學習語言只不過是記住一些詞匯而已。Learninglanguagesisjust______________________________.(2)這不是簡單的你愿意出多少錢的問題。_______________________decidingwhatpriceyouwanttopay.(3)看來，抓住他們只不過是遲早的事。Itappearedtobeonly_______________beforetheywerecaught.amatterofrememberingwordsItisnotsimplyamatterofamatteroftime如果是議論文，則要盡可能客觀簡要地轉(zhuǎn)述閱讀材料的觀點?？梢圆捎谩爸黝}/論點＋論據(jù)”的形式，其主要句型為：論點/主題：Thearticleconveystheidea/discussestheproblem/focusesontheidea/tellsusthefactthat...論據(jù)：Forexample...特別要注意文章的首句或首段以及文章的末句和末段，文章有多個段落的，幾個段落的中心就是主旨。文中有一分為二的觀點的，兩種觀點都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的觀點。同時注意使用合理的過渡的詞語或句型，把概要和發(fā)表議論的段落有機地聯(lián)系起來，使文章連貫和流暢。【寫作實例】閱讀下列短文，然后以約30個詞概括其內(nèi)容要點。Studentsshouldthinknowaboutwhatextracurricularactivitiestheywouldliketoparticipatein.Participatinginextracurricularactivitiesmayhelpyoudeepenyourphysical，creative，social，political，andcareerinterestsbybringingyouintocommunicationwithotherlike-mindedpeopleyoudidn’tpreviouslyknow.Youcanjoingroupsasawaytogetsupportfromotherstudents.Acluborgroupcanalsobeagreatwaytomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.Lotsofyouthprogramsbringpeopletogetherwiththosewhoaredifferentasawaytobreakdownthebarriersbetweenpeople.

Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshelpsyouinotherways，too.Itlooksgoodoncollegeandjobapplicationsandshowsadmissionsofficersandemployersyou’rewell-roundedandresponsible.Specificactivitieshelpwithspecificgoals.Themostbasicreasonforjoiningacluborteamisthatitgivesyousomethingbettertodothanstaringatthewall，wanderingthehall，orsleepingallafternoon.Peoplewhoareparticipatingarelesslikelytopickupbadhabits，likesmokingordrinking.【思路分析】這篇議論文主要論說了參加課外活動的好處，一個段落說到一個好處(mayhelpyoudeepenyourinterests，breakdownthebarriers，helpsyouinotherways，arelesslikelytopickupbadhabits)，在概括時只需把這幾個段落的大意用自己的話來轉(zhuǎn)述即可，第一、二段可以用widensocialcircleandimprovecommunicatingskills來表達，第三、四段用preparefortheirfutureandformgoodhabits來概括。再運用定語從句和一些并列連詞and，aswellas把信息合并成一個句子?！緟⒖颊縏hewriterarguesforthestrengthsofextracurricularactivities，whichhelpsstudentsbetterthemselvesinwideningtheirsocialcircleandimprovingcommunicatingskills，makingprepa