2021年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題及答案第一套

2021年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題及答案第一套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,.youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutacampusactivitythathasbenefitedyoumost.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutNomorethan180words.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PartIlListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA．,B．,C．a(chǎn)ndD．,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。A．Thewomanisfussyaboutthecleannessoftheapartment.B．Hehasnotcleanedtheapartmentsincehismother'svisit.C．Hedoesnotrememberwhenhismothercanoeover.D．Hismotheroftenhelpshimtocleantheapartment.A．Thebusstopisonlytwominutes'walk.B．Thenmningmadehimshortofbreath.C．Theymightaswelltakethenextbus.D．Thewomanislatebyacoupleofminutes.A．Sheissufferingapaininherneck.B．SheislikelytoreplaceMissSmith.C．Shehastodoextraworkforafewdays.D．Sheisquitesickofworkingovertime.A．Changeherjob.B．Buyadishwasher.C．Openaflowershop.D．Startherownbusiness.A．Heforgotwherehehadleftthepackage.B．Heslippedonhiswaytothepostoffice.C．Hewantedtodeliverthepackagehimself.D．Hefailedtodowhathepromisedtodo.A．Thespeakersdonotagreewitheachother.B．Thewomandoesnotlikehorrorfilms.C．Themanpaysfortheticketsasarule.D．Thespeakershappened"tomeetinthecinema.A．Thewomanisjustasunluckyastheman.B．Thewomanismoresensitivethantheman.C．Thespeakersshareacommonviewonlove.D．Thespeakersareunhappywiththeirmarriage.A．Preparationsforaforum.B．Participantsintheforum.C．Organizersofaforum.D．Expectationsoftheforum.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A．France.B．Scandinavia.C．Russia.D．EastEurope.A．Morewomenwillbepromotedintheworkplace.B．Morewomenwillovercometheirinadequacies.C．Morewomenwillreceivehighereducation.D．Morewomenwillworkoutsidethefamily.

11.A．Tryhardtoprotectwomen'srights.B．Educatementorespectwomenmore.C．Helpwomenacquiremoreprofessionalskills.D．Spendmoretimechangingwomen'sattitudes.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A．Inarestaurant.B．Inahotellobby.C．Attheman'soffice.D．Atthewoman'splace.13.A．Heisthechiefdesignerofthelatestbikemodel.B．Hehascompletedanoverseasmarketsurvey.C．HeistheManagingDirectorofJayalMotors.D．HehasjustcomebackfromatriptoAfrica.14.A．Toselecttherightmodel.B．Togetagoodimportagent.C．Toconvincetheboardmembers.D．Tocutdownproductioncosts.15.A．Hisflexibility.B．Hisvision.C．Hisintelligence.D．Hisdetermination.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhoar3shortpassages.Atthoendofeachpassage,youwillhoarsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethobestanswerfromthofourchoicesmarkedA．,B．,C．a(chǎn)ndD．.ThenmarkthocorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthocentre.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A．Howbeinganidenticaltwininfluencesone'sidentity.B．Whysomeidenticaltwinskeeptheiridentitiessecret.C．Whysomeidenticaltwinswereseparatedfrombirth.D．Howidenticaltwinsareborn,raisedandeducated.17.A．TheirsecondwiveswerenamedLinda.B．Theygrewupindifferentsurroundings.C．Theirfirstchildrenwerebothdaughters.D．Theybothgotmarriedwhentheywere39.18.A．Theywanttofredouttherelationshipbetweenenvironmentandbiology.B．Theywanttoseewhatcharacteristicsdistinguishonefromtheother.C．Theywanttounderstandhowtwinscommunicatewhenfarapart.D．Theywanttoknowwhethertwinscanfeeleachother'spain.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A．Itisespeciallyattractivetochildrenandtheyoung.B．ItisthefirstchoiceofvacationersontheContinent.C．Itisascomfortableaslivinginapermanenthouse.D．Itisaninexpensiveway.ofspendingaholiday.20.A．Ithasasolidplasticframe.B．Itconsistsofaninnerandanoutertent.C．Itisveryconvenienttosetup.D．ItissoldtomanyContinentalcountries.21.A．Agroundsheet.B．Agasstove.C．Akitchenextension.D．Asparetent.PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A．Itcovers179square"miles.B．ItisasbigasNewYorkCity.C．Itcovers97squarekilometers.D．ItisonlyhalfthesizeofSpain.A．Itsgeographicfeaturesattractedmanyvisitors.B．Itscitizensenjoyedapeaceful,comfortablelife.C．Itimportedfoodfromforeigncountries.D．Itwascutofffromtherestoftheworld.A．Thefastdevelopmentofitsneighboringcountries.B．Theincreasinginvestmentbydevelopedcountries.C．Thebuildingofroadsconnectingitwithneighboringcountries.D．TheestablishingofdiplomaticrelationswithFranceandSpain.A．Theyworkontheirfarms.B．Theyworkinthetouristindustry.C．Theyraisedomesticanimals.D．Theymaketraditionalhandicrafts.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。"Don'ttakemanyEnglishcourses;theywon'thelpyougetadecentjob.""Signupformanagementclasses,soyou'llbereadytojointhefamilybusinesswhenyougraduate."Sound(26)?Manyofushaveheardsuggestionslikethese(27)byparentsorothersclosetous.Suchcommentsoftenseemquitereasonable.Why,then,shouldsuggestionslikethesebetakenwith(28)?Thereasonistheyrelatetodecisionsyoushouldmake.Youaretheonewhomust(29)theirconsequences.Oneoftheworstreasonstofollowaparticularpathinlifeisthatotherpeoplewantyouto.Decisionsthataffectyourlifeshouldbeyourdecisions--decisionsyoumakeafteryou'veconsideredvarious(30)andchosenthepaththatsuitsyoubest.Makingyourowndecisionsdoesnotmeanthatyoushould(31)thesuggestionsofothers.Forinstance,yourparentsdohavetheirownuniqueexperiencesthatmaymaketheiradvicehelpful,andhaving(32)inagreatdealofyourpersonalhistory,theymayhaveaclearviewofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Still,theirviewsarenotnecessarilyaccurate.Theymaystillseeyouasachild,(33)careandprotection.Ortheymayseeonlyyourstrengths.Or,insomeunfortunatecases,theymay(34)yourflawsandshortcomings.Peoplewillalwaysbegivingyouadvice.Ultimately,though,youhavetomakeyourown(35)PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Fordecades,AmericanshavetakenforgrantedtheUnitedStates'leadershippositioninthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies.Theinnovations創(chuàng)(新)thatresultedfromresearchanddevelopmentduringWorldWarIIandafterwardswere36totheprosperityofthenationinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Thoseinnovations,uponwhichvirtuallyallaspectsof37societynowdepend,werepossiblebecausetheUnitedStatesthen38theworldinmathematicsandscienceeducation.Today,however,despiteincreasingdemandforworkerswithstrongskillsinmathematicsandscience,the39ofdegreesawardedinscience,math,andengineeringaredecreasing.ThedeclineindegreeproductioninwhatarecalledtheSTEMdisciplines（science,technology,engineering,andmath）seemstobe40relatedtothecomparativelyweakperformancebyU.S.schoolchildrenoninternationalassessmentsofmathandscience.Manystudentsenteringcollegehaveweakskillsinmathematics.Accordingtothe2005reportoftheBusiness-HigherEducationForum,22percentofcollegefreshmenmusttakeremedial補(bǔ)習(xí)的）math41,andlessthanhalfofthestudentswhoplantomajorinscienceorengineering42completeamajorinthosefields.TheresulthasbeenadecreaseinthenumberofAmericancollegegraduateswhohavetheskills,43inmathematics,topoweraworkforcethalcankeepthecountryattheforefront（前沿）ofinnovationandmaintainitsstandardofliving.Withthe44performanceofAmericanstudentsinmathandsciencehascomeincreasedcompetitionfromstudentsfromothercountriesthathavestronglysupportededucationintheseareas.Manymorestudentsearn45intheSTEMdisciplinesindevelopingcountriesthanintheUnitedStates.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A．a(chǎn)cceleratingB．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．closelyD．contemporaryE．coursesF．criticalG．decliningH．degreesI．especiallyJ．futureK．ledL．metM．proceduresN．proportionsO．spheresSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Bansugarydrinks--thatwilladdfueltotheobesitywarOnatrainlastThursday,Isatoppositeamanwhowassofathefilledmorethanoneseat.Hewaspaleanddisfiguredandlookedsicktodeath,whichheprobablywas:obesity（肥胖癥）leadstomanynastywaysofdying.Lookingaroundthecarriage,Isawquiteafewpeoplelikehim,includingacoupleoffattychildrenwithswollencheekspressingagainsttheireyes.Thesepeoplearepartofwhatiswithoutexaggerationanepidemic（流行?。﹐fobesity.Butitisquiteunnecessary:thereisasimpleidea--farfromnew--thatcouldsparemillionsofsuchpeoplealifetimeofchronic（長(zhǎng)期病）illhealth,andatthesametimesavetheNationalHealthService（NHS）atleast￡14billionayearinEnglandandWales.Therewould,youmightthink,beconsiderablepublicinterestinit.Thissimpleideaisthatsugarisasgood--orasbad--aspoisonandshouldbeavoided.Itispure,whiteanddeadly,asProfessorJohnYudkindescribedit40yearsagoinarevolutionarybookofthatname.ThesubtitlewasHowSugarIsKillingUs.Initscountlesshiddenforms,inreadymeals,junkfoodandsweetdrinks,sugarleadstoaddiction（癮），tohormonalupsetstotheappetite,tometabolic新陳代謝的）maffunctionsandobesityandfromtheretotype2d/abetes糖（尿?。゛nditsmanyhorriblecomplications,ffpeoplereallygraspedthat,theywouldtrytokickthehabit,particularlyasBritainisthe"fatmanofEurope".Theymightevenfeeldriventosupportgovernmentmeasurestopreventpeoplefromconsumingthisdeadlystuff.Yetsofarthisideahasmetlittlebutresistance.Itisnotdifficulttoimaginethevestedinterests(既得利益集團(tuán))linedupagainstanysugarcontrol--allthefoodanddrinkmanufacturers,processors,promotersandretailerswhomakesucheasypickingsoutofthemagicpowersofsugar.Thentherearetheliberals,withwhomIwouldnormallyside,whoprotestthatgovernmentregulationwouldbeyetanotherinstanceofinterferenceinourlives.Thatistrue,butpeopleshouldrealisethatyoucannothaveawelfarestatewithoutanannystate保姆國(guó)家)，tosomedegree.Ifwearealltoberesponsibleforoneanother'shealthinsurance,throughsocialisedmedicine,then'weareallcloselyinvolvedinoneanother'shealth，includingeveryone'seatinganddrinking.Thathasalreadybeenadmitted，finally，withsmoking.Butithasyettobeadmittedwithovereating，eventhoughoneinfouradultsinthiscountryisobeseandthatnumberispredictedtodoublebytheyear2050.Quiteapartfromanythingelse，obesitywillcrippletheNHS.Recently，though，therehavebeensignsthatthemedicalestablishmentistryingtosoundthealarm.LastmonththeAcademyofMedicalRoyalColleges(AMRC．publishedareportsayingthatobesityisthegreatestpublichealthissueaffectingtheUKandurginggovernmenttodosomething.Thereportoffers10recommendations，ofwhichthefirstisimposingataxof20percentonsugarydrinksforatleastayear，ontopoftheexisting20percentvalue-addedtax.Thatatleastwouldbe'anexcellentstart.Theamountsofsugarinsoftdrinksarehorrifying，andturnstraighttofat.AsProfessorTerenceStephenson，headoftheAMRC，hassaid，sugarysoftdrinksare"theultimatebadfood.Youarejustconsumingneatsugar.Yourbodydidn'tevolvetohandlethiskindofthing."Precisely.Therisksofeatingtoomuchfatorsalt(whichareverydifferent)paleintoinsignificancecomparedwiththeharmdonebysugar.Anditiseverywhere.[I]Itisdifficulttobuyanythinginasupermarket，otherthanplain，unpreparedmeat，fishorvegetables，thatdoesn'thavealargeamountofsugarinit.Thishascomeaboutbecausetheprevailingscientificviewsofthe1960sand1970signoredtheevidenceaboutsugar,andinsteadsawfatasthereallyseriousrisk,bothtotheheartandotherorgans,aswellasthecauseofobesity.[J]Thefashionwastoavoidfat.Butfindingthatfoodwithmuchofitsfatremovedisnotveryappetising,foodproducersturnedtosugarasamagicalternativeflavourenhancer,oftenintheformsofsyrups（糖漿）thathadrecentlybeendevelopedfromcorn,andputitgenerouslyintomostpreparedfoodsandsoftdrinks.[K]Thisstuffisnotjustfattening.Itisaddictive.Itinterfereswiththebody'smetabolism,possiblyviatheactivityofanappetite-controllinghormone.There'splentyofevidenceforthis,forthosewhowillacceptthetroth.Theoretically,peopleoughttomake"healthychoices"andavoidovereating.Butsugaradditivesarenoteasytoidentifyandarehardtoavoid.Sothesnacking,over-drinldngandover-eatingthatmakespeoplefatisnotreallytheirownfault:obesityisinlargepartsomethingthatisbeingdonetothem.Itshouldbestopped,orratherthegovernmentshouldstopit.[M]Goingroundmylocalsupermarket,Iamconstantlyastonishedthatitisstilllegaltosellallthepoisonsstackedhighontheshelves.Theproblemisthattheyareworsethanuseless.Theyarepoisonous.Theyareknowntobeaddictive.Theyareknowntomakepeopleobese.Andgivingsmallchildrensweetdrinksorbottlesoffakejuicealldaylongisnothinglessthanchildabuse.[N]Clearly,thesaleofsuchstuffoughttobeillegal.Ihatetothinkofyetmoregovernmentregulation,Butabitoftaxonsweetsodaandalittlemorehealtheducation,abitofcookinginschoolsandbanningvendingmachines自（動(dòng)售貨機(jī)）hereandthere--assuggestedbytheAMRCreport--isnotgoingtoachieveverymuch.Labellingisquiteinadequate.Whatisneededislegislationbanninghighlevelsofsugarysyrupsusedinfoodsanddrinks.[O]InJune2021,thethenministerforpublichealthsaidthegovernmentwasnotscaredofthefoodindustryandhadnotruledoutlegislation,becauseofthecostsofobesitytotheNHS.However,nothinghashappenedyet.WhynothaveanotherJammieDodgerbiscuitandforgetaboutit.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Avoidingover-consumptionofsugarcanimprovepeople'shealthaswellassavemedicalexpenses.Lawsshouldbepassedtomakeitillegaltoproduceoverlysweetfoodsordrinks.Givingsmallchildrensweetjuicestodrinkallthetimeisequaltochildabuse.Lookingaround,theauthorfoundobesityquitewidespread.Thenumberofobesepeopleisexpectedtoincreasequicklyinthenextfewdecades.ffpeoplereallyunderstoodthehorribleconsequencesofsugaryfoodsanddrinks,theywouldsupportgovernmentmeasuresagainstsugarconsumption.Itwouldbeaverygoodbeginningtoimposeanadditionaltaxon.sugarydrinks.Thegovernmenthasnotyettakenanyactiontoregulatesugarconsumptionalthoughitindicateditsintentiontodososometimeago.Sugarisfarmoreharmfultohealththanfatandsalt.Consumersofsweetfoodsarenotreallytoblamebecausetheycannottellwhatfoodissugary.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA．,B．,C．a(chǎn)ndD．.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheriseoftheInternethasbeenoneofthemosttransformativedevelopmentsinhumanhistory,comparableinimpacttotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph.Overtwobillionpeopleworldwidenowhaveaccesstovastlymoreinformationthaneverbefore,andcancommunicatewitheachotherinstantly,oftenusingWeb-connectedmobiledevicestheycarryeverywhere.ButtheInternet'stremendousimpacthasonlyjustbegun."MassadoptionoftheInternetisdrivingoneofthemostexcitingsocial,cultural,andpoliticaltransformationsinhistory,andunlikeearlierperiodsofchange,thistimetheeffectsarefullyglobal,"SchmidtandCohenwriteintheirnewbook,TheNewDigitalAge.PerhapsthemostprofoundchangeswillcomewhenthefivebillionpeopleworldwidewhocurrentlylackInternetaccessgetonline.TheauthorsdoanexcellentjobofexaminingtheimplicationsoftheInternetrevolutionforindividuals,governments,andinstitutionslikethenewsmedia.Butffthebookhasonemajorshortcoming,it'sthattheauthorsdon'tspendenoughtimeapplyingacriticaleyetotheroleofInternetbusinessesinthesesweepingchanges.Intheirbook,theauthorsprovidethemostauthoritativevolumetodatethatdescribes--andmoreimportantlypredicts--howtheInternetwillshapeourlivesinthecomingdecades.Theypaintapictureofaworldinwhichindividuals,companies,institutions,andgovernmentsmustdealwithtworealities,onephysical,andonevirtual.Atthecoreofthebookistheideathat"technologyisneutral,butpeoplearen't."Byusingthisconceptasastartingpoint,theauthorsaimtomovebeyondthenowfamiliaroptimistvs.pessimistdichotomy（對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)）thathascharacterizedmanyrecentdebatesaboutwhethertheriseoftheInternetwillultimatelybegoodorbadforsociety.InaninterviewwithTIMEearlierthisweek,Cohensaidalthoughheandhisco-authorareoptimisticaboutmanyaspectsoftheInternet,they'realsorealisticabouttherisksanddangersthatlieaheadwhenthenextfivebillionpeoplecomeonline,particularlywithrespecttopersonalprivacyandstatesurveillance（監(jiān)視）.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。InwhatwayistheriseoftheInternetsimilartotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph?A．Ittransformshumanhistory.B．Itfacilitatesdailycommunication.C．Itisadoptedbyallhumanity.D．Itrevolutionizespeople'sthinking.

57.HowdoSchmidtandCohendescribetheeffectsoftheInternet?A．Theyareimmeasurable.B．Theyareworldwide.C．Theyareunpredictable.D．Theyarecontaminating.58.InwhatrespectisthebookTheNewDigitalAgeconsideredinadequate?A．ItfailstorecognizetheimpactoftheInternettechnology.B．ItfailstolookintothesocialimplicationsoftheInternet.C．ItlacksanobjectiveevaluationoftheroleofInternetbusinesses.D．ItdoesnotaddressthetechnicalaspectsofInternetcommunication.59.Whatwillthefuturebelikewheneverybodygetsonline?A．Peoplewillbelivingintwodifferentrealities.B．Peoplewillhaveequalaccesstoinformation.C．Peopledon'thavetotraveltoseetheworld.D．Peopledon'thavetocommunicatefacetoface.60.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheauthorsofTheNewDigitalAge?A．TheyleavemanyquestionsunansweredconcerningtheInternet.B．TheyareoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheInternetrevolution.C．Theyhaveexploredtheunknownterritoriesofthevirtualworld.D．Theydon'ttakesidesinanalyzingtheeffectsoftheInternet.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.In1950,ayoungmanwouldhavefounditmucheasierthanitistodaytogetandkeepajobintheautoindustry.Andinthatyeartheaverageautoworkercouldmeetmonthlymortgage（抵扌甲貸款）paymentsonanaveragehomewithjust13.4percentofhistake-homepay.Todayasimilarmortgagewouldclaimorethantwicethatshareofhismonthlyearnings.Othermembersoftheautoworker'sfamily,however,mightbelessinclinedtotradethepresentforthepast.Hisretiredparentswouldcertainlyhavehadlesseconomicsecuritybackthen.Throughoutmuchofthe1960s,morethanaquarterofmenandwomenage65andolderlivedbelowthepovertylevel,comparedtolessthan10percentin2021.Inmoststates,hiswifecouldnothavetakenoutaloanoracreditcardinherownname.In42states,ahomemakerhadnolegalclaimontheearningsofherhusband.Andnowheredidawifehavelegalprotectionagainstfamilyviolence.Mostblackworkerswouldnotwanttoreturntoatimewhen,onaverage,theyearned40percentlessthantheirwhitecounterparts（職位相對(duì)的人）,whileraciallyrestrictiveagreementslargelypreventedthemfrombuyingintothesuburbanneighborhoodsbeingbuiltforwhiteworking-classfamilies.Today,newproblemshaveemergedintheprocessofresolvingoldones,butthesolutionisnottogobacktothepast.Somepeoplemaylongforanerawhendivorcewasstillhardtocomeby.Thespreadofno-faultdivorcehasreducedthebargainingpowerofwhicheverspouseismoreinterestedincontinuingtherelationship.Andthebreakupofsuchmarriageshascausedpainformanyfamilies.Thegrowingdiversityoffamilylifecomeswithnewpossibilitiesaswellasnewchallenges.Accord-ingtoarecentpoll,morethan80percentofAmericansbelievethattheircurrentfamilyisascloseastheoneinwhichtheygrewup,orcloser.Findingwaystoimprovethelivesoftheremaining20percentseemsmorerealisticthantryingtorestoreanimaginarygoldenage.注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答WhatdowelearnaboutAmericanautoworkersin1950?A．Theyhadlessjobsecuritythantheydotoday.B．Itwasnottoodifficultforthemtobuyahouse.C．Theirearningswereworthtwiceasmuchastoday.D．Theywerebetteroffthanworkersinotherindustries.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutretiredpeopletoday?A．Theyinvariablylongtoreturntothegoldenpast.B．Theydonotdependsomuchonsocialwelfare.C．Theyfeelmoresecureeconomicallythaninthepast.D．Theyareusuallyunwillingtolivewiththeirchildren.Whycouldn'tblackworkersbuyahouseinawhitesuburbanneighborhood?A．Theylackedthemeansoftransportation.B．Theyweresubjectedtoracialinequality.C．Theywereafraidtobreakthelaw.D．Theyweretoopoortoaffordit.Whatistheresultofno-faultdivorce?A．Divorceiseasiertoobtain.B．Domesticviolenceislessened.C．Itcauseslittlepaintoeitherside.D．Itcontributestosocialunrest.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestsocietydo?A．Getpreparedtofaceanynewchallenges.B．Trytobetterthecurrentsocialsecuritynet.C．Narrowthegapbetweenblacksandwhites.D．Improvethelivesoffamilieswithproblems.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.大熊貓(giantpandA.是一種溫順的動(dòng)物，長(zhǎng)著獨(dú)特的黑白皮毛。因其數(shù)量極少，大熊貓已被列為瀕危物種。大熊貓對(duì)于世界自然基金會(huì)(WWF)有著特殊意義。自1961年該基金會(huì)成立以來(lái)，大熊貓就一直是它的徽標(biāo)。大熊貓是熊科中最稀有的成員，主要生活在中國(guó)西南部的森林里。目前。世界上大約有1000只大熊貓。這些以竹為食的動(dòng)物正面臨許多威脅。因此，確保大熊貓的生存比以往更重要。注意：此局部試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。2021年12月四級(jí)真題答案詳解(第1套)PartIWritingTheMostBeneficialCampusActivity寫(xiě)作指南本年度的作文文體比擬自由，不再局限于議論文。題目要求考生介紹讓自己“收獲最大的校園活動(dòng)〞，并闡述原因。根據(jù)題目要求，文章的構(gòu)造可安排如下：

第一段：引出話題，指出校園活動(dòng)雖多，但個(gè)人覺(jué)得收獲最大的活動(dòng)是為農(nóng)民工義教。第二段：簡(jiǎn)要描繪該義教活動(dòng)的一些根本情況，如義教的目的、過(guò)程以及效果等。第三段：簡(jiǎn)明扼要地闡述收獲最大的原因，如讓自己明白到大學(xué)生也可以為社會(huì)作出大改變。范文與譯文范文譯文Studentsintheuniversityarenostrangerstoa大學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)校豐富多彩的活動(dòng)并不wealthofactivities,suchasEnglishspeechcontests.會(huì)感到生疏，比方：英語(yǔ)演講比賽、calligraphyexhibitionsandsportsmeets.Imyselfhave書(shū)法展覽和校園運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。我自己也參beeninvolvedinmanycampnsactivitiesamongwhich加了很多校園活動(dòng)，其中我覺(jué)得為農(nóng)Ifindvolunteeringtoteachmigrantworkersthemos民工義教使我收獲最大。beneficial.該活動(dòng)在晚上為農(nóng)民工授課，讓他Theactivitywaslaunchedtoofferfreeevening們能獲得更多的職業(yè)技能。我負(fù)責(zé)教coursestomigrantworkerswhowanttoacquiremore授他們電腦技巧。在課堂上我給他們employable展示了每一個(gè)電腦技巧可以如何幫助skills.Iwasinchargeofteachingthemcomputer他們進(jìn)步工作效率。課程完畢時(shí)，一skills.InclassIdemonstratedhoweachcomputerskill名學(xué)員告訴我他升職了，原因是他如wouldincreasetheirefficiencyintheircareer.When今可以用Excel軟件來(lái)管理庫(kù)存。我聽(tīng)thecoursewasoveroneofthestudentstoldmetha到后非?？鞓?lè)！hegotpromoted,becausehewasnowabletousetheExcel我很珍視這次經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)檫@次經(jīng)歷tomanagetheinventoryIwassohappytohearthat使我認(rèn)識(shí)到大學(xué)是可以為社區(qū)作出很Ivaluethisexperiencethemost,becauseitmakesme大奉獻(xiàn)的。而只要我們米取一些小措realizethatuniversitiescouldcontributealottothe施，即便是大學(xué)生也可以為弱勢(shì)群體comomunity.Withsmallgestures,evencoHegestudents作出很大的改變！areabletomakeabigdifferenceforthedisadvantaged.亮點(diǎn)詞匯

awealth豐京的benefltiaiZbeni'fijal/awealth豐京的benefltiaiZbeni'fijal/a.科益的acquire/ekwaie/vt.學(xué)到（kmiMi百trate/deiTi^nsrtreit/蛀演示promotevt.懾拔contributeto幫肋iautieh/b;nt|7帆開(kāi)設(shè)萬(wàn)能句型employableAm'plDi&bVa.具備愛(ài)扈毎件的etticiency/I'fijarsi/jt,效療inventory/"mventri/ji.庫(kù)存dhadv￡bta|；ed/idiSQd'vaintid^d/a.處于不利地位的萬(wàn)能句型〔.???arenostrangersto…，suchas對(duì)并不會(huì)感到生疏.比方:???isalltheragetoday.如今，非常流行。Nowadaysweareexposedto…如今我們經(jīng)常接觸Nowadays,itisnotuncommontofmdthat…如今，并不少見(jiàn)。1.Ifind--themostbeneficial.我覺(jué)得使我收獲最大。believeitisveryrewardingto…我覺(jué)得很有成就感。Ithinkitisawin—winstrategyto…我認(rèn)為，是雙贏的策略。believe???isreallymeaningful.我覺(jué)得很有意義。寫(xiě)作模板Studentsintheuniversityarenostrangerstoawealthofactivitiessuchas（舉2—3個(gè)詳細(xì)例子）.ImyseffhavebeeninvolvedinmanycampusactivitiesamongwhichIfind（某類(lèi)詳纟田活動(dòng)）themostbeneficial.TheactivityWaslaunchedto（說(shuō)明活動(dòng)目的）.（簡(jiǎn)要介紹活動(dòng)情況）.（簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)明活動(dòng)效果）.Ivaluethisexperiencethemost,becauseitmakesme（說(shuō)明收獲）.（進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明收獲）.PartIIListeningComprehension1.W:Whenwasthelasttimeyoudustedtheapartment?M:Whenwasthelasttimemymothercameover?Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?【解析】女士問(wèn)男士上次清掃公寓是什么時(shí)候。男士反問(wèn)女士自己的母親上次來(lái)是何時(shí)。言外之意是，男士上次清掃公寓是他母親來(lái)的時(shí)候，而在那之后就沒(méi)再清掃過(guò)，因此選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】①根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞cleaned,clean,apartment,mother'svisit等可推測(cè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容涉及到清掃公寓和母親來(lái)訪等。②女士只是問(wèn)男士上次清掃公寓是什么時(shí)候，沒(méi)有更多信息說(shuō)明女士對(duì)公寓的干凈程度挑剔，A推理過(guò)度；C“他不記得母親什么時(shí)候來(lái)的〃利用男士反問(wèn)女士的原話制造干擾，并非男士的話暗示的內(nèi)容；D“他母親經(jīng)常幫助他清掃公寓〃不對(duì)，男士是在母親上次來(lái)的時(shí)候清掃了公寓，沒(méi)有信息說(shuō)明他的母親經(jīng)常幫他清掃公寓。2．W：Hurryup．Mark．There'sabuscomingnow．M：Whyrun?Therewillbeanotheroneintwoorthreeminutes.Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?【解析】女士催男士快點(diǎn)趕車(chē)。男士說(shuō)“跑什么啊?再過(guò)兩三分鐘又會(huì)來(lái)一輛〃。也就是說(shuō)男士認(rèn)為他們不妨乘下一趟車(chē)。C所述與此相符，故為答案?！军c(diǎn)睛】①根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞busstop,runnin9，takethenextbus等可推測(cè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容與趕車(chē)有關(guān)。②對(duì)話并未提及公交車(chē)站的間隔.A“公交車(chē)站只有兩分鐘步行間隔〃利用男士話中的twoorthreeminutes制造干擾，缺乏對(duì)話根據(jù)：女士催男士趕車(chē)，男士反問(wèn)為什么跑，也就是說(shuō)男士沒(méi)有跑，故8“奔跑讓他上氣不接下氣〃屬于無(wú)中生有；D“女士遲到了幾分鐘〃也缺乏對(duì)話根據(jù)。M：Laura.itseemsthatyouareuptoyourneckinwor.kHowcomeyou'vebeensobusy?W：MissSmithhasaskedforasickleaveandIhavetotakeoverherworkforacoupleofdays.Q：Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?[C]【解析】男士問(wèn)女士為什么這么忙，女士說(shuō)Smith小姐請(qǐng)病假了，自己得接收她的工作幾天。C所述與此相符，其中的doextrawork“做額外的工作〃是對(duì)女士原話中的takeoverherwork的同義改寫(xiě)，forafewdays與對(duì)話中的foracoupleofdays同義?！军c(diǎn)睛】①根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞replaceMissSmith,doextrawork，workingovertime等可推測(cè)對(duì)話可能與工作內(nèi)容有關(guān)。②A“她脖子疼〃和D“她非常討厭加班〃分別利用對(duì)話中的原詞neck和sick制造干擾，缺乏對(duì)話根據(jù)；B“她有可能取代Smith小姐〃中的replace“取代（某人的職位）〃是對(duì)女士原話中的takeoverherwork的曲解。W：Washingdishesatthecafeteriaeverydayisreallyboring.M：Whydon'tyouquitanddeliverflowerswithme?Q：Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?【解析】女士說(shuō)在食堂洗盤(pán)子沒(méi)意思。男士建議她辭職，然后跟他一起送花。因此選A“換工作〞?！军c(diǎn)睛】①選項(xiàng)均以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，一般考察建議、命令或打算。②男士用了典型的表建議的句型Whydon'tyou…?這種建議句型常設(shè)考點(diǎn)。③由對(duì)話可知，女士在食堂工作，她是對(duì)洗盤(pán)子這個(gè)工作厭煩了，B“買(mǎi)洗碗機(jī)〃這個(gè)建議不符合對(duì)話情景；C“開(kāi)花店〃和D“自己創(chuàng)業(yè)〞均與男士建議女士一起送花這個(gè)信息不符。W：Rod,yousaidyou'dtakethispackagetothepostofficeyesterday.M：Oh，no，itmusthaveslippedmymind.Q：Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?【解析】女士責(zé)怪男士“你昨天說(shuō)會(huì)把這個(gè)包裹送到郵局去的〃，男士說(shuō)“itmusthaveshppedmymind'.意思是他忘了。也就是說(shuō)他容許的事沒(méi)做到，D所述與此相符，故為答案?！军c(diǎn)睛】①根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞postoffice，deriverthepackage等可推測(cè)對(duì)話與送包裹有關(guān)。②A“他忘記把包裹落在哪里了〃、B“他在去郵局的路上滑到了〃和C“他想親自送包裹〃均是利用少量對(duì)話原詞package，slipped，postoffice等制造的干擾項(xiàng)，與對(duì)話內(nèi)容不符。M：I'mnotsurprisedthatyoudidn'tlikethatmovie.Ifounditreallyscarymyseff.W：Sodidl.Idon'tcaremuchforhorrormoviesasarule.Q：Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【解析】男士說(shuō)自己理解女士為什么不喜歡那部電影，因?yàn)樗灿X(jué)得那部電影很恐懼。女士表示同意.并重復(fù)了一遍“我不怎么喜歡恐懼電影〃。因此選B“女士不喜歡恐懼電影〃?！军c(diǎn)睛】①根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞donotagreewith,doesnotlikehorrorfilms，tickets,cinema等可推測(cè)對(duì)話與電影或?qū)﹄娪暗目捶ㄓ嘘P(guān)。②男士和女士看法一致，故A“說(shuō)話人看法不統(tǒng)一〃與事實(shí)相反；C“一貫是男士買(mǎi)票,，利用對(duì)話原詞asarule制造干擾，對(duì)話未提及買(mǎi)票的信息；對(duì)話中沒(méi)有信息說(shuō)明說(shuō)話雙方是否在電影院中偶遇。M：Mylifeexperiencetellsmethatloveisfilledwithhappinessbutithurtsyoutoo.W：Yourwordsremindmeofthissaving"honeyissweetbutthebeestings".Q：Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【解析】男士說(shuō)他的生活經(jīng)歷讓他明白“愛(ài)情讓人既幸福又痛苦〃，女士說(shuō)男士的話讓她想起了一個(gè)說(shuō)法“蜂蜜甜美蜂蟄痛〃。因此他倆對(duì)愛(ài)情的看法是一致的，應(yīng)選C“說(shuō)話人對(duì)愛(ài)情的看法一致〞?！军c(diǎn)睛】男士雖然對(duì)“愛(ài)情讓人既幸福又痛苦〃有親身體會(huì)，女士也想到了類(lèi)似的說(shuō)法，但不能因此推斷出男士和女士都不幸(A.或者他們的婚姻都不幸福(D),故A和D均應(yīng)排除；男士和女士對(duì)愛(ài)情所持的觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)似，從對(duì)話語(yǔ)境中無(wú)法推斷出B“女士比男士更敏感〃。M：HowmanvmorechairsshouldIbringinfortheforum,sixorseven?W：Bringinallyoucanfind.I'mexpectingatleast20participants.Q：Whatarethespeakerstallkingabout?【解析】男士問(wèn)女士需要為論壇再搬多少?gòu)堃巫樱空f(shuō)能找到的都搬，因?yàn)樗烙?jì)至少有20人來(lái)。由此可見(jiàn)，他們是在為論壇做準(zhǔn)備工作，選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】B“論壇參與者〃只是對(duì)話中的個(gè)別原詞，并非對(duì)話主旨；C“論壇組織者〃可能是對(duì)話雙方的身份：對(duì)話雙方為論壇準(zhǔn)備椅子，更多的是在為論壇做準(zhǔn)備工作，而非“對(duì)論壇的期待〃，故D應(yīng)排除。Nowyou'llhearthetwolongconversations.ConversationOneM:Doyouthinkthere'sdiscriminationagainstwomeninEnglandtoday?W:Certainly.Andnotjustineducationandworkeither,inmanyotherfieldsaswell.Thetaxsituationforwomenisveryunfair,forexample.M:Arewomenbetteroffinothercountriesthen?W:Itdependsonthecountry.「9]There'scertainlymuchlessdiscriminationinScandinavia,andmaybeinAmerica,too.M:DoyouthinkthepositionofEnglishwomenwillimprove?W:Insomewaysitwill,ofcourse.「10]I'msuremorewomenwillgoouttoworkinthenext20years.Butwomenhaveamuchgreaterproblemthanthistosolve.M:What'sthat?W:Theproblemofmen'sattitudes.Wecanearnmoremoneyinthefuture,butI'mnotsurewecanchangemen'sattitudes.Yousee,mostmenreallythinkthatwomenareinferior.Maybewearephysicallyweaker,butIdon'tthinkthismeansweareinferior.Thenthere'sanotherproblem.M:Yes?W:Theproblemofwomen'sattitudes.Lotsofwomenareunhappywiththeirpresentsituation,butmostofthemprobablydon'twanttofightforchange.Itcouldbethat「ll]thewomen'sliberationmovementhastospendmoretimechangingwomen'sattitudesthanitspendsinchangingmen's.M:Onelastquestion.Somesupportersofthewomen'slib