2020年廣東省中考英語新題型話題模擬試卷十五

2020年東省中考英語話題模擬試十五話題十五科知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)通信筆試部分考試時(shí)間：75分滿：90分一、語法選擇（本題有10小，每小1分，共10分Therewasoncefamousscientist1madeseveralimportantdiscoveries.Oncehewasasked2hewasabletobesocreative.Herepliedthatitallfrom3experiencehehadwithhismotherwas2yearsold.Hewastryingtakeabottlemilkoutofrefrigerator.Butbottlewastooslippery(floor4inmilk.

滑的)andhedroppedit.Thekitchenhismothercameintokitchen,insteadofshoutingathimorpunishinghim,shesaid,“Robert,5greatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!Isuchahugepuddle(一)milk.Wouldyouplaythefora7cleanitup?Sodid.Afterafewminutes,theycleaneduptogether.Thenhismother“Thiswasfailedinhowtocarryabigbottlemilktwo’gooutinthebackyardfillthebottleandseeifcanfinda9withoutdroppingit.”Theboylearnedthatifheheldbottleatthetopnearwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatwonderfullesson!Thescientistthenaddedthatitwasatthatknewhe10toafraidtomakemistakes.Helearnedthatmistakesjustopportunities(new.

機(jī)會)tolearn()1.A.whichB.who

C.whose

D./()2.A.that()3.A.a

B.whenB.an

C.whatC.the

D.howD./()4.A.coveredB.wascoveringcoveredD.wascovered()5.A.whataB.whatC.howaD.how()6.A.neverseeB.neversawC.willneverseeD.havenever()7.A.after()8.A.with

B.whenB.in

C.beforeD.assoonasC.through1

()9.A.carryB.carryingC.tocarryD.carried()10.A.needB.needntC.needed二、完形填空（本題有10小，每小1分，共10分

D.didn’Everyyear,malaria瘧)takesthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld,especiallyinAfrica.ButaChinesescientist1TuYouyouawayfightdisease.SheplantChina.Itis(青).InmanypeopleinChinahadmalaria.Tu,expertChinesemedicine,findaway3it.Buthermedicalequipmentwasnotenough.Sometimesshehadtotest4bytryingitherself!theyears,shetestedoverprescriptions藥).TureadoldChinesebooks5prescriptions.Onefoundplant—wormwood.Shebegantoextracts提取物)fromit.In1971,afterthan1906,Tufoundanextract-percenteffectiveagainstmalaria7.Soon,peoplealloverbegantothenewdrug.Thedrugisonlyeffective,also8.Peopleinpoorcountriescanbecured.From2000to2015,thedrug9over6,200,000lives.InTuwonPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.ShewasfirstnativeChinesescientisttowinprize.Tunevercomplainsaboutshe“feelmoreImanycured”shesaid.()1.A.namedB.asked()2.A.wantsB.has()3.A.startB.stop

C.madeC.usesC.touch

D.toldD.takesD.kill()4.A.medicineB.abilityC.knowledge

D.machine()5.A.lookatB.lookafterC.lookforD.lookat()6.A.extractsB.personsC.plants

D.failures()7.A.exactlyB.finally

C.early

D.quickly()8.A.sweetB.bitter()9.A.killedB.saved

C.expensiveD.cheapC.foundD.knew2

()10.A.whenC.unlessD.until三、閱讀理解（本題有15小，每小2分，共30分(

注意近三年讀理解B篇均為科技說明文此類文章一定在平時(shí)多加習(xí)加大類文章的練習(xí)下面A、B、篇為科技類說明文。A

)OnaSundayafternoon,agiant“ancientcity”onthesurfaceofLakeinJiangsuprovince.Butafteraboutanhour,the“”wasgone.Youmightthinkthatsomeunknownforceswereatwork.Butit’believedthatthe“onthelake”actuallymirage(

海市蜃樓

).Aisathatlightandplaywithourvision(

視覺

).Normally,lighttravelsinastraightline,butitcanbend(

彎曲

)andchangedirectiondependingonwhatpassesthrough.Thisbendingiscalled

“refractionIfdifferentlayers(層

)ofairareatdifferenttemperatures,lightbendatdifferentangles(

角度

)whenpassingthroughthem.Thiscancreateafalseimageofanearbyobject.Takethe“onlake”asanexample.Thelayerofnearthelakecolderthanthehigherlayers,aslakeabsorbs(吸收

)mostoftheheat.Thebuildingsinmiragewereactuallyonanearbymountain.Buttheirimageshowedupabovethelakeafterlightrefractedindifferentlayersofair.Mirageshappennotonlyoverlargebodiesofwater,butanywherewherethegroundcanabsorbalotofheat.Theyoftenseenonhotroadsanddeserts.Thenexttimeyouthinkseeapoolofwaterontheroadonahotsummerday,knowitsjustamirage—imageoftheskycausedbybendinglight.()1.Theunderlined“refraction”means“”inChinese.A.反射

B.直射

C.折

D.照射()2.Amirageis.A.animageabuildingnearbyB.people’simaginationC.animageoftheskycausedbendinglightD.anofthemirror’refraction()3.Lightbendatdifferentangleswhen.A.itpassesthroughdifferentlayersofdifferentshapes3

B.itsheatabsorbedbywaterC.itpassesthroughdifferentlayersofdifferenttemperaturesD.thelayerofneartheseaiscoolashigherlayers()4.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.Ifyouainadesert,itmustbemirage.B.Ifyouamodernonthesurfaceofalake,itmustbeamirage.C.Themirageismadebysomeunknownforces.D.Normally,lightcanindifferent()5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.A.MysteryofMiragesB.Light’TravelLineC.DifferentImagesofObjectsD.Light’RefractionBForty-sixyearsagoonApril24,Chinalaunched(

發(fā)射

)itsfirstspacecraft,satelliteDongfanghong-1,andmarkedcountry’sfirstmajorsuccessinspaceindustry.Andyear,April24wasmadeChina’SpaceDay.Meanwhile,thegovernmentalsoannouncedaofnewspaceplans,settingsightsonaspacestation,Marsbeyond.Aspacestationisaforastronautsinspace.Astronautscanlive,doresearchandparkspaceshipsthere.Chinaplanstofinishbuildingitsspacestationin2022.Accordingto’stopspaceZhouJianping,thatyear,becomingastronautwillbeanormaljobbecausemorespacemeansneedingmanymoreastronautsthaneverbefore.Andtheyalsoneedtobeabletocarryoutdifferenttasks.Sotheymusthavedifferentkindsofknowledgeandskills.“’vechoosingastronautsmainlyfrompilots.Nowalsopickthemfromengineers,doctorsandspacetechnologyexperts.”Anotherplanthathasdrawnattentionis’smission(

任務(wù)

).Chinalaunchaprobe(

探測器

)toMarsaround2020.Itlandontheplanetandevencarrybacksamples(

樣本

)fromthesurfaceofMars,anactionthatneverhasachievedbyanycountry.“suchabig”saidZhangRongqiao,chiefdesignerofChina“OnlydoingthiscanChinasayithasstartedtheexplorationofspaceinasense.”()6.Theunderlined“”insecondparagraphrefersto.4

A.engineersB.doctorsC.astronautsD.spacetechnologyexperts()7.Inaspacestation,astronautscanNOT.A.liveB.parkspaceshipsC.doresearchD.landonthe()8.AccordingtoZhouJianping,.A.becominganastronautwillnotbeanormalB.astronautsdon’tocarryoutdifferentmissionsC.morespaceworkneedsastronautsD.theywillstillchooseastronautsmainlyfrom()9.has/havelaunchedaprobetotocarrybacksamples.A.OnlyChinaB.ManycountriesC.NoD.OnlyZhangRongqiao()10.What’thebesttitleofthispassage?A.ChineseSpacecraftB.ChineseStationC.China’MarsMissionD.ChineseSpaceIndustryCDoyoueverfeelyourthoughtsaregoingaroundincircles?Oneminute,’rethinkingaboutyourhomework.Thenextminute,’thinkingaboutplansfortheweekend.Isitpossibleforustoslowourthoughtsdownevenstopcompletely?Itdependsonyourdefinition(

定義

)of“”accordingtoMichaelHalassa,aresearcheratMIT,theUS.Webasicallythrougheachdayinoneofstates

—weeitherrealizethatwerethinkingorwe’t.Ourbrains’tstopthinkingcompletelyuntilwedie.“brainneveractuallystops‘thinking’inabroader(

更廣的

)sense.Mostthoughtsareactuallythebackground(

在后面進(jìn)行

)withoutusnoticingthemandtherenotreallyaturnthesethingsoff,”Halassasaid.Humanbrainscanunconsciouslyprocess(

無意識地處理

)about11millionofinformationpersecond,accordingtoForbes.Youcomparethistoacomputerworks.Evenwhenarentusingyourcomputerwhile’sturnedon,stillrunningoperations“in.Yourcomputer,muchyourbrain,isconstantly“thinking”evenifyou’renotactivelyusingit.Someresearchershavereferredtothisphenomenon(5

現(xiàn)象

)as“thought-chatter”.It

describestherandom(

胡亂的

)thoughtsthatpopandoutofourminddifferentduringtheday,accordingtoTaylor,apsychologylecturer(講師

).Somethought-chattercanbeenjoyable,suchasdaydreaming.AlbertEinsteincameupwithhisfamousTheTheoryofRelativity(

相對論

)whiledaydreamingatwork.Buttoomuchthought-chatterusfeeltooanxiousorworried,Taylorsaid.Meditation(uscleanupsomeofthis()11.When“yourthoughtsarearoundin”.A.arethinkingaboutonethingrepeatedlyB.arethinkingaboutonethingafteranotherC.cannotthinkaboutaproblemveryclearlyD.cannotstopthinkingaboutpast()12.WhatParagraph4trytoprove?A.Humanbrainsarethinkingallthetime.B.Humanbrainsfasterthancomputers.C.Acomputercandealwithplentyofinformation.D.Acomputercanthinklikeahumanbrain.

冥想

)canhelp()13.Theunderlined“thought-chatter”means“”inChinese.A.冥思苦B.朝思暮

C.靜思冥想

胡亂想()14.Accordingtothetheword“”betodescribeourbrains.A.crazyB.busyC.randomD.relaxed(’thepassagemainlyabout?A.Thewayhowourbrainswork.B.Howtostopourthoughtsfromworking.C.Whatthought-chatter?D.Thebenefitsandofthought-chatter.6

四、短文填（本題有10小，每小1.5分，共15分OneAmericanuniversityusedarobotasoneoftheteacherstohelpstudentswiththeirproblems.Andofthestudentsknewthatwasarobot.JillWatson,arobotmadethatuniversity,hashelpingthestudents1.alongtime.Whenansweringtheirquestions,Jillto2.anexcellentteacher.Shecangivewonderfulanswersaminute.Shesoundsnaturalandusuallysaysgoodwords.Whentoldthestudentsthattheir“teacher”wasrobot,theygotvery3.

Howwaspossible?Iwastalkingtoa4.”said“Shesounds5.acommon”AnotherstudentsJennifertoldthenewspaper,“arethinkingaboutchoosingJilltobebestteacher.Sheisreally6..”Nowmanystudentsto7.questionsontheirschoolwebsite.Itusuallytakesteacherstoo8.timetoanswerthem.Sotheuniversityhassuch9.ideaofmakingJillWatson.It’afasterwaytohelpthestudentswiththeirproblems.Jputertothequestionsandsuretheyareright.Aftershetellsthestudentsinanelectronicvoicethatsoundsaactress.五、讀寫綜（本題有兩部分，分）A.回答問題（本題有10小題，每小2分共10分請閱讀下面于我國一重大科技就的文章,根所提的信息回答后面問題。Bigchangeshavetakenplaceinscienceandtechnologyinrecentyears.Manyoftheseinnovations

創(chuàng)新

)havehelpedChinacatchupwithotherscientificpowerhouses(強(qiáng)國)oreveninsomefields.Chinaisamongtheworld’researchleadersinchemistry,materialssciencephysics.Ithasalsomadebreakthroughsinhybridrice(雜水稻),cloningtechnology,deep-seaandspaceexploration.Takehybridriceasanexample.ChineseagriculturalscientistYuanLongpingdevelopedthe7

firststrain(品)in1970andthehasbeenfeedingthecountrysincethen.Bytheendof2018,farmersinmorethancountriesregions(hectares(公)ofthecrop.

地區(qū))hadplantedmorethan7millionTheJiaolong,’firstmanneddeep-searesearchsubmersible(潛器),wentintoservicein2010.ItmadeChinathefifthcountry,afterUnitedStates,Russia,FranceandJapan,todevelopdeep-seaexplorationtechnology.Inspaceexploration,in2018,Chinabecamethefirstcountrysendaprobe(’farside,alwaysfacesfromtheEarth.

探測器)toInJanuary,2019,Chinesescientistsannouncedthecloningoffivefromamacaque(

獼猴)forbiomedical(

生物醫(yī)學(xué)的—timeinthethatthishadbeendone.Chinaneedstoworkharderinkeytechnologicalfieldssuchasmicrochip(微芯片)developmentenginemanufacturing(ofUniversity.

發(fā)動機(jī)制造),Xiankang,presidentChinawillfirstneedtoattractmoretalentedresearchers,accordingtoDou.Secondly,thegovernmentneedstomorepolicysupport,aswellasinvest(humanresources,toencourageinnovation(創(chuàng)新).InaspectsisChinabecomingthe’researchleaders?

投資)more2.Howcountriesregionsplantedhybridricebytheendof2018?3.What’’inspaceexplorationin2018?4.WhatdidChinesescientistscloneinJanuary,2019?8

5.WhatwillChinaneedtodotoencourageinnovationinthefuture?B.書面達(dá)（共15分我們正處于科技發(fā)展日新月異的時(shí),科創(chuàng)新為我們的生活帶來了巨大的變化享車、支付寶、淘寶、高鐵被譽(yù)為我國的“新四大發(fā)明”,它大大地影響著我們的生活。請你以“favouritenew”題寫一篇短文。內(nèi)容包:介你最喜歡的一項(xiàng)新科;闡你喜歡它的原因至兩點(diǎn)你未來生活的期待。作文要:不照抄原不得在作文中出現(xiàn)學(xué)校的真實(shí)名稱和學(xué)生的實(shí)姓名。語連,詞80個(gè)右。開頭已給出不入總詞數(shù)。9

2020年東省中考英語話題模擬試十五話題十五科知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)通信參考答案一、語法選擇1-5:二、完形填空1-5:ACBAC三、閱讀理解A篇CCCBAB篇CDCCD篇BADBC四、短文填for2.be3.s