高中英語高考高考沖刺高考沖刺 2023年1月浙江省普通高校招生學(xué)考科目考試教師

2023年1月浙江省普通高校招生學(xué)考科目考試AMorethan25yearsago,SarooBrierleylivedinrural(農(nóng)村)India.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone,the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage(孤兒院).There,hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.Ashewritesinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In2023,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's-eyeview.Hethought,“Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtrainstation”—andthereitwas."Andontheleft-handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain"-andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingintheentrance."There'ssomethingaboutme,"hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays,"MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow,itwaslikeanuclearfusion(核聚變).Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.”1.WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?A.Hegotonatrainbymistake. B.Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.C.Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner. D.HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.2.HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A.Byanalyzingoldpictures. B.BytravellingallaroundIndia.C.Bystudyingdigitalmaps. D.Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.3.WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview?A.Hisloveforhismother. B.Hisreunionwithhismother.C.Hislongwaybackhome. D.Hismemoryofhishometown.【答案】1.A2.C3.B這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了布爾利小時候意外走失，長大后通過自己努力找回家人的故事。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone:the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim-sohegoton.(當(dāng)他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一個人時：4歲的孩子判斷他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火車上，所以他上了車)”以及第二段中“Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.(那列火車把他帶到了一個千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布爾利在25年前和家人分開是因為他誤上了火車。故選A項。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第四段“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.(然后他找到了一個數(shù)字地圖程序。他花了數(shù)年時間在該節(jié)目的衛(wèi)星圖片中尋找家鄉(xiāng))”以及“Everythingjuststartedtomatch.(一切都開始匹配了）”可知，布爾利是通過研究數(shù)字地圖找到家鄉(xiāng)的。故選C項。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“InaninterviewBrierleysays:“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow:itwaslikenuclearfusion(核聚變).Ijustdidn’tknowwhattosay:becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.(在一次采訪中，布爾利說：“我媽媽看起來比我記憶中矮多了。但是她走了出來，朝我走來，我也向著她走去，我的感情、眼淚和大腦里的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，你知道的：就像發(fā)生了核聚變。只是不知道該說些什么：因為我從沒想過見到我母親會成為現(xiàn)實。我就在這里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采訪中講述了他和母親的團(tuán)聚。故選B項。BAtthestartofthe20thcentury,anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth,mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction:thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.Today,inAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2,000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool,whilein2023,itwasaslowas15percent.Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell-being,aswellaslostopportunities(機(jī)會)forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalkandtalkwiththeiryoungscholarabouttheirday.Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday,onlytomeetwitha“good”,quicklyfollowedby"I'mhungry".Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson'sdaycomesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool-busroutes(路線),withdaysofregular,parent-accompaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtobeginandtakesalittleplanning-runningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadethenightbefore,umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones-butit'scertainlyworthtrying.4.WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins'predictionsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakecomparisons. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tosupportherargument. D.Toprovideexamples.5.WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren'sphysicalactivity?A.Plainlaziness. B.Healthproblems.C.Lackoftime. D.Securityconcerns.6.Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?A.Shecangetrelaxedafterwork. B.Shecankeepphysicallyfit.C.Shecanhelpwithherson'sstudy. D.Shecanknowhersonbetter.【答案】4.B5.C6.D這是一篇說明文。文章通過否定沃特金斯的預(yù)言，進(jìn)而提出現(xiàn)在人們時間的緊缺和陪伴的重要性。4.推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“Today:inAustralia:mostchildrenonaveragefall2:000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschoolwhilein2023,itwasaslowas15percent.(今天：在澳大利亞：大多數(shù)孩子平均比避免超重所需的體力活動少了2000步。在上世紀(jì)70年代初，40%的孩子步行上學(xué)，而在2023年，這一比例降至15%)”說明作者根據(jù)沃特金斯的預(yù)言做了相關(guān)調(diào)查，并且寫下了這篇文章。通讀全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的預(yù)言，是為了介紹文章主題。故選B項。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第三段中“Familiesarepressedfortime:manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing,livingincar-dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.(家庭時間緊迫：許多家庭的父母都在為房子買單而工作，工作時間往往不是他們自己選擇的，他們住在公共交通有限的依賴汽車的社區(qū))”可知，導(dǎo)致澳大利亞兒童體育活動的減少的原因是時間不夠。故選C項。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson’sdaycomesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.(但是，在每天散步的某個地方，更多關(guān)于我兒子日常的事情出現(xiàn)了。我聽到他在理解友誼及其局限性。這是一個意想不到的難得的機(jī)會，家長聽到更多)”說明作者覺得和兒子一起散步能讓她更了解她的兒子。故選D項。beclosetothemark要接近目標(biāo)fallshortof達(dá)不到；缺乏bepressedfor缺乏，缺少deprivation缺乏；貧困；喪失；剝奪CResearcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha"vocabulary"of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember."That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,"shesaid."They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal'scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling:"Climbonme."Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmothersbackandtheytravelofftogether."Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物種)outthere.thatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans,"saidDrHobaiter.DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere"alittledisappointing"."Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,"shesaid."Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains."7.WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?A.Memorizingspecificwords. B.Understandingcomplexinformation.C.Usingvoicestocommunicate. D.Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.8.WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gulf"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Difference. B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection.10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthroughB.ChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskillsC.Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomD.Chimpanzeelanguage:communicationgesturestranslated【答案】【分析】本題考查【解答】【答案】7.D8.B9.A10.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家們通過跟蹤和拍攝烏干達(dá)的黑猩猩群，翻譯出了黑猩猩用來交流的手勢含義。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.（她說，只有人類和黑猩猩有一個交流系統(tǒng)，他們故意向其他成員發(fā)送信息）”可知，根據(jù)DrHobaiter，黑猩猩和人類的共同點在于故意傳遞信息，故選D。8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere“alittledisappointing”（曼徹斯特大學(xué)的進(jìn)化生物學(xué)家蘇珊娜·舒爾茨博士說，這項研究是值得稱贊的，它試圖豐富我們對人類語言進(jìn)化的知識。但是，她補(bǔ)充說，結(jié)果“有點令人失望”）”可知，這項研究是一個好的嘗試，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果是有限的。故選B。9.詞義猜測題。首先根據(jù)第三段中的“They’retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.（在這方面，它們是唯一看起來像人類語言的東西）”可知，黑猩猩的手勢交流很像我們?nèi)祟愓Z言的交流方式。但是根據(jù)最后一段中的“Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunications.（此外，這些含義似乎并不超越其他動物通過非語言交流所傳達(dá)的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手勢的交流方式還是和我們語言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So,itseemsthegulfremains.（所以，看來差異依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故選A。10.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzeesusetocommunicate.（研究人員表示，他們已經(jīng)翻譯出了野生黑猩猩用來交流的手勢的含義）”以及文章對這方面的討論可知，文章主要講科學(xué)家們對黑猩猩手勢的研究及一些成果，所以D項：黑猩猩語言：翻譯出來的交流手勢，這一題目涵蓋文章的內(nèi)容。故選D。incident發(fā)生的事情（尤指不尋常的或討厭的）intentional故意的；有意的；存心的deliberately故意；蓄意；存心vagueness模糊；含糊gulf海灣；深淵；分歧【答題】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtothefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.(1)______Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.(2)______Anysmallinterruption-apricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:(3)______Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline-calledaserpentineline-andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.(4)______Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.(5)______Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:Goodluck.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C.Someofthemayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F.Withthreeregisters,thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.【答案】AGDFB【分析】本題考查信息匹配?！窘獯稹勘疚氖钦f明文。文章說明了雜貨店排隊方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。(1)下文“Itturnsout,it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chancesare,theotherlinereallyisfaster.（原來，這只是你的數(shù)學(xué)問題；很可能，另一個隊伍真的更快。）”解釋了上文“Youchosewrong.(你選錯了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應(yīng)該是對前文選錯提出疑惑，故選A。(2)上文“Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.（雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結(jié)賬時讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結(jié)賬。）”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Anysmallinterruptionapricecheck,achattycustomer-canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.（任何一個小小的中斷，一個價格檢查，一個喋喋不休的顧客，都會產(chǎn)生下游效應(yīng)，拖住整個生產(chǎn)線。）”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應(yīng)該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，故選G。(3)根據(jù)上文“Iftherearethreelinesinthestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.（如果雜貨店中有三列隊伍，延遲將在不同的隊伍中隨機(jī)發(fā)生。）”聯(lián)系下文“Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.（所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊伍可能移動得更快。）”可知本空說的是任何一個隊伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問題。你的隊伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。故選D。(4)根據(jù)“上文Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.(我們得知研究人員有一個很好的方法來處理這個問題)”以及下文“Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonelittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.（這個大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊伍，在一個登記處長時間拖延不會不公平地懲罰后面排隊的人。相反，它會減慢每個人一點點，但加快了整體結(jié)帳速度。）”說明這個新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應(yīng)該是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F。(5)結(jié)合下文“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly,andsomestorescan'taffordthespaceormanpower.（要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，需要很多的收銀機(jī)，而且有些商店負(fù)擔(dān)不起空間和人力。）”說明了一個原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個問題；通過“Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵蛇形隊伍的原因。故選B。swear咒罵；詛咒；說臟話鄭重承諾；發(fā)誓要holdup舉起；阻擋；攔截serpentine彎彎曲曲的；蜿蜒的完形填空LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto1.______ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA.ThreemonthslaterI2.______myselfonaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona.Iwas3.______atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However,withinfifteenminutesof4.______,myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso5.______andlike-mindedthatitwasvery6.______tofeelathome.IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day7.______.Wehadto8.______everythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea9.______waybutin35℃heatandwithaheavypack,mylegswereonfire.Myjobwasto10.______astairwayoutofrock.This11.______climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(棲息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never12.______.Threedayslater,abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The13.______ofknowingthatmy14.______willbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewere15.______inathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto16.______.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonly17.______partofmytent.18.______,Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI19.______.IthinkIammuch20.______forhavingtakenpartintheproject.1.A.calculate B.negotiate C.advertise D.research2.A.imagined B.introduced C.enjoyed D.found3.A.annoyed B.surprised C.scared D.excited4.A.arriving B.sleeping C.thinking D.walking5.A.confident B.friendly C.energetic D.curious6.A.funny B.good C.lucky D.easy7.A.tour B.project C.campaign D.course8.A.drop B.make C.carry D.buy9.A.nice B.safe C.long D.quick10.A.build B.test C.clean D.guard11.A.helped B.ended C.allowed D.meant12.A.hunted B.trained C.seen D.fed13.A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention14.A.work B.memory C.record D.story15.A.left B.caught C.attacked D.separated16.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing17.A.tidy B.dry C.new D.soft18.A.Bytheway B.Regardlessofthat C.Needlesstosay D.Ineitherease19.A.survived B.resisted C.escaped D.recovered20.A.smarter B.stronger C.happier D.busier【答案】1-5DDCAB6-10DBCCA11-15DCAAB16-20DBCAB【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者去年通過網(wǎng)上查詢信息得到去科羅拉多國家森林當(dāng)志愿者的機(jī)會，雖然期間作者經(jīng)歷了暴雨中帳篷漏水，為獅子上下山而搭建臺階的繁重工作等磨難，仍然感謝這個經(jīng)歷讓自己變得更堅強(qiáng)。1.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始在網(wǎng)上查詢并且發(fā)現(xiàn)“美國志愿者”。A.calculate計算；B.negotiate協(xié)商；C.advertise登廣告；D.research研究。根據(jù)前文的“LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.”可知，作者在網(wǎng)上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故選D。2.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：三個月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在飛往亞利桑那州鳳凰城的飛機(jī)上。A.imagined想象；B.introduced介紹；C.enjoyed喜歡；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文的“Ibeganto______1______ontheInternet…”可知，作者之前還在網(wǎng)上查閱，三個月后自己就動身了。故選D。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三個月，我很害怕。A.annoyed煩惱的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.scared害怕的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)后面的“myworrieshadgone.”可知，我一開始很擔(dān)憂。故選C。4.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到達(dá)15分鐘里我的擔(dān)憂就消失了。A.arriving到達(dá)；B.sleeping睡覺；C.thinking思考；D.walking行走。根據(jù)“feelathome”得知到達(dá)目的地不久，作者就不擔(dān)心了。故選A。5.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A.confident自信的；B.friendly友好的；C.energetic活力的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“andlike-minded”可推斷，作者感覺大家都很友好。故選B。6.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每個人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有賓至如家的感覺。A.funny搞笑的；B.good好的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.easy容易的。根據(jù)“thatlike-minded”和“feelathome”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感覺到家的溫暖很容易。故選D。7.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被派往科羅拉多國家森林開始頭8天的項目。A.tour游覽；B.project項目；C.campaign活動；D.course課程。根據(jù)下文“forhavingtakenpartintheproject”可知，這是在說當(dāng)志愿者的項目，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。8.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須帶上需要的東西走到三英里外我們工作的地方。A.drop掉下；B.make制作；C.carry攜帶；D.buy購買。根據(jù)下文“withaheavypack”可知，作者他們要背負(fù)著必需品走。故選C。9.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：可能看起來不遠(yuǎn)，但是在35度高溫下，背著沉重的物品，我的腿像是著了火。A.nice好的；B.safe安全的；C.long長的；D.quick快的。根據(jù)前文“walkthreemiles”可知，作者他們走的路程不遠(yuǎn)。故選C。10.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的工作是用巖石建一個階梯。A.build建造；B.test測試；C.clean清潔；D.guard保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)下文“climbingupanddownthesideofamountain.”可知，作者在獅子棲息地建一個階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A。11.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著獅子能在山上棲息地通過階梯爬上爬下。A.helped幫助；B.ended結(jié)束；C.allowed允許；D.meant意味。根據(jù)“climbingupanddown”可知，臺階修好了意味著獅子可以爬上爬下。故選D。12.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我應(yīng)該說他們只被聽說過，從沒被親眼見過。A.hunted捕獵；B.trained訓(xùn)練；C.seen看到；D.fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)前文“althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard”可知，作者以前沒有見過。故選C。13.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A.satisfaction滿意；B.ambition雄心；C.expectation期待；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文的“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，我修的臺階成型了，我很滿意。故選A。14.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將會在未來的幾年里出現(xiàn)在那片山坡上，我的滿足感是巨大的。A.work工作，作品；B.memory回憶；C.record記錄；D.story故事。根據(jù)上文的“Myjobwasto”“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，修臺階是我的工作。故選A。15.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我們被困在雷雨中。A.left離開；B.caught捉?。籆.attacked襲擊；D.separated分離。根據(jù)下文“Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent”可知，作者他們被困在雷雨中。故選B。16.考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：溫度接近零度。A.boiling煮沸的的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing冰凍的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”得知溫度很低。故選D。17.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帳篷干的那一塊地方發(fā)抖。A.tidy干凈的；B.dry干的；C.new新的；D.soft軟的。根據(jù)上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“partofmytent”可知，帳篷里進(jìn)了水，作者蜷縮在帳篷干的地方。故選B。18.考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不用說我受了很多苦。A.Bytheway順便問一下；B.Regardlessofthat盡管這樣；C.Needlesstosay不用說；D.Ineithercase在這兩種情況下。根據(jù)前文給獅子棲息地建造臺階和下雨天帳篷漏水可知，作者當(dāng)志愿者時受了很多苦。故選C。19.考查動詞辨析。句意：但是我知道不論人生中面對什么，我都在這，我都活了下來。A.survived生存；B.resisted反抗；C.escaped逃離，抓牢；D.recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.”可知，作者認(rèn)為再多苦都可以堅持下來，挺過去。故選A。20.考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為因為參加這個項目我更強(qiáng)壯了。A.smarter更聰明的；B.stronger更強(qiáng)壯的；C.happier更快樂的；D.busier更忙碌的。根據(jù)前文“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthere.可知作者感覺經(jīng)歷讓他更強(qiáng)壯。故選B。loadsof大量；許多l(xiāng)ike-mindedadj.志趣相投的；具有相似意向或目的的feelathome在家中般輕松自在；感覺自在comeintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生ineithercase不論發(fā)生何種情況needlesstosay不用說Regardlessofthat不管【答題】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(體重指數(shù))across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier(1)______thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool(2)______givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga(3)______(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween19and25(4)______(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2023,averageruralBMIincreased(5)______inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain(6)______(be)inwomenandinmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.Tn1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries(7)______(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed(8)______(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople(9)______(live)inthecountryside,including(10)______(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【答案】1.and2.that/which3.person’s4.isconsidered5.by6.was7.studied8.sharply9.living10.lower【分析】本題考查語法填空?！窘獯稹窟@是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如今世界各地的人體重越來越超標(biāo)，主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的體重指數(shù)（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。1.考查連詞。句意：在一項對200個國家33年體重指數(shù)趨勢的研究中，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，世界各地的人們體重越來越重，而這主要是由于農(nóng)村地區(qū)體重指數(shù)的增加。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，是并列關(guān)系，故填and。2.考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：BMI是一種國際公認(rèn)的測量工具，它可以顯示一個人的體重是否健康。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，tool是先行詞，且在從句中做主語，故填that/which。3.考查名詞所有格。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認(rèn)為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，person是修飾weight的，用person的名詞所有格person’s。故填person’s。4.考查動詞被動語態(tài)。句意：它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認(rèn)為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（aBMI）是單數(shù)，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語和consider是表被動關(guān)系，故填isconsidered。5.考查介詞。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，1985年至2023年間，農(nóng)村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了。increaseby表示“增加了”；increaseto表示“增加到”。根據(jù)正常的成人BMI數(shù)值（）可知，increaseby符合語境，故填by。6.考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了，男性增加了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語，主語（gain）是單數(shù)，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故填was。7.考查非謂語動詞。句意：1985年，在被研究的國家中，超過四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的男性和女性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語是had，所以study用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是countries，表被動關(guān)系，故填studied。8.考查副詞。句意：但30年后，許多國家城市和農(nóng)村人口的BMI差異大幅縮小。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，sharp是要修飾動詞narrow，用sharp的副詞形式sharply。故填sharply。9.考查非謂語動詞。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子已有謂語動詞maybe，故live用非謂語形式，它的邏輯主語是people，表主動關(guān)系，做定語，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填living。10.考查形容詞比較級。句意：這可能是由于生活在農(nóng)村的人有一些不利條件，包括較低的收入和教育水平，較高的健康食品成本，以及較少的體育設(shè)施。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，including說明的是一些不利條件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列關(guān)系，所以low也應(yīng)該用比較級形式，故填lower?！绢}文】假定你是李華，下周有新西蘭學(xué)生訪問你校，你將作為學(xué)生代表致歡迎辭。請為此寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.介紹活動安排；3.表達(dá)祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【答案】Distinguishedguests:Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoconveymysincerewelcomeforyourvisiting.Atfirst,itisofsignificancetofullyunderstandtheschool.Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.Furthermore,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.Asmentionedabove,Iextremelyexpectyourcoming.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience.【分析】本題考查書面表達(dá)。【解答】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一篇發(fā)言稿，向即將到校的新西蘭學(xué)生致歡迎辭。第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。要求：1．表示歡迎；2．介紹活動安排；3．表達(dá)祝愿。第二步:列提綱（重點詞組）onbehalfof;wouldliketo;convey;sincerewelcome;beofsignificance;splendid;beworthyof;appreciate;teachingmethods;canteen;extremelyexpect;unforgettable第三步：連詞成句1.Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoconveymysincerewelcomeforyourvisiting.2.Atfirst,itisofsignificancetofullyunderstandtheschool.3.Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.4.Furthermore,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.5.Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.6.Asmentionedabove,Iextremelyexpectyourcoming.7.Mayyouhaveanunforgettableexperience.根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：atfirst2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：Furthermore連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰。[高分句型1]Asscheduled,allofyouwillvisitthemuseum,whichcontainsthesplendidhistoryofourschool.(運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)[高分句型2]Afterthat,itisatcanteenthatyoucanhaveaspeciallunchwithourstudents.(運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)【題文】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Pumpkin(南瓜)carvingatHalloweenisafamilytradition.WevisitalocalfarmeveryOctober.Inthepumpkinfield,Icompetewithmythreebrothersandsistertoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.Mydadhasarulethatwehavetocarryourpumpkinsbackhome,andastheeldestchildIhaveanadvantage-Icarriedan85-pounderbacklastyear.Thisyear,itwashardtotellwhethermyprizeortheonechosenbymy14-year-oldbrother,Jason,wasthewinner.Unfortunatelyweforgottoweighthembeforetakingouttheirinsides,butIwasdeterminedtoprovemypoint.Allofuswerehardatworkatthekitchentable,withmymomfilmingtheannualevent.I’munsurenowwhyIthoughtforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkinwouldsettlethematter,butitseemedtomakeperfectsenseatthetime.Withthepumpkinrestingonthetable,holeuppermost,Ibentoverandpressedmyheadagainsttheopening.AtfirstIgotjammedjustabovemyeyesandthen,asIwentonwithmytask,unwillingtoquit,mynosebrieflypreven