Unit 8重難點(diǎn)知識(shí)講義 人教版七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)

第第頁Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?問路的表達(dá)方式總結(jié)（以詢問書店的方位為例）：Excuseme.Whereisthebookshop?Excuseme.Isthereabookshopnearhere?Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmethewaytothebookshop?Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?Excuseme.Can/CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?Excuseme.Whichisthewaytothebookshop?Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabookshopnearhere?即學(xué)即練：1）.________！Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?A.OKB.HelloC.ExcusemeD.sorry2）._______,AreyouMrGreen？sorryB.OKC.ExcusemeD.Hello2.Therebe句型Therebe+sb/sth+地點(diǎn)在某地有某人或某物（there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有詞義；be是謂語動(dòng)詞；某人/物是主語，地點(diǎn)作狀語，多為介詞短語）eg.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.(2)Therebe句型就近原則謂語動(dòng)詞be在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)以后面的第一個(gè)名詞保持一致。Thereissomesaladonthetable。Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.如果Therebe句型中有多個(gè)名詞，be動(dòng)詞通常與第一個(gè)名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.(3)Therebe句型的一般疑問句：將be動(dòng)詞提到句首?？隙ɑ卮穑篩es，thereis/are否定回答：No，thereisn’t/aren’t--Isthereabanknearhere?--Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.(4)Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加not.Thereisapostofficenearhear.Thereisn’tapostofficenearhear.(5)Therebe句型與have/has的區(qū)別：*Therebe句型表示客觀存在;have/has表示主觀擁有*Therebe句型不能與have/has連用。即學(xué)即練：

1）.There___not____milkinthecuponthetable.

A.are,many

B.are,much

C.is,many

D.is,much

2）.Howmany___arethereintheroom?

A.apple

B.students

C.milk

D.paper

3）.There'sgoingto____intomorrow'snewspapers.

A.havesomethingnew

B.havenewsomethingC.besomethingnew

D.benewsomething

4）.Howmanyboys____thereinClassone?

A.be

B.is

C.are

D.am

5）.There____alotofgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

6）.There____pencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.

A.isa

B.aresome

C.hasa

D.havesome

7）.____anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?

A．Isthere

B．Arethere

C．Has

D．Have

8）.Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Isthere?

____.

A.Yes,thereare

B.No,thereisn'tC.Yes,thereisn't

D.No,thereis

9）.____isthereonthetable?

A.Howmanyapples

B.HowmuchbreadC.Howmuchbreads

D.Howmanyfood

10）.Theremust____somethingwrongwithourclassroom.

A.are

B.has

C.is

D.be

11）.Thereissome____onthetable.

A.apple

B.orange

C.cake

D.sandwich12）.There________somesheepandtwocowsonthefarmeatinggrass.areB．isC．haveD．has3.介詞（課本P115-119）：(1)acrossfrom…在……對(duì)面，后接地點(diǎn)名詞或代詞。Thereisabank____________(在對(duì)面)thelibrary.cross=goacross穿過（指從物體的表面穿過，從一邊橫穿到另一邊，如馬路）Through,意為“穿過”，側(cè)重從某一范圍內(nèi)部的空間穿過，Thesunisshiningthroughthewindow.Shehastopushherwaythroughthecrowdtogettoherson.Over，越過，多指在正上方越過。從這頭到那頭。Theplanefliesoveramountaininthesoutheast.即學(xué)即練：1）-Look!Ablindmanisinthemiddleofthestreet.It’stoodangerous.-Let’sgoandhelphimtheroad.A.throughB.alongC.acrossD.over2）Don’tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrivethetunnel(隧道).pastB.overC.acrossD.through3）Themoonlightisshiningthewindow.Everythingintheroomlookssonice.A.throughB.pastC.acrossD.over4）IoftentakeawalktheparkonSecondAvenue.acrossB.throughC.passD.cross5）Canyouswim_______theriver?A.nearB.betweenC.fromD.across6）Go______(cross)thebridgeandyou’llfinditontheleft.7）XinhuaBookshopisacrossthepayphone.A.fromB.forC.toD.at(2)nextto在…..旁邊，靠近……后接地點(diǎn)名詞或代詞。1)Thepayphoneis____________(緊挨著)thelibrary.2)Thegardenisnext___myhouse.A.onB.toC.inD.at(3)between…and…在…和…之間（兩者之間）1)Sheissitting______LilyandLucy.A.nearB.nexttoC.betweenD.acrossfrom2)Thepayphoneis____thepostofficeandthelibrary.inB.betweenC.nearD.front3)LucysitsonSusan’sleftandonGeorge’sright.(改為同義句)。LucysitsSusanGeorge.4)Thereisariverthetwovillages.A.betweenB.onC.alongD.front(4)infrontof在……前面（范圍之外）inthefrontof在…..前面（范圍之內(nèi)）1)Tomsits_____theclassroomandlistenstotheteachercarefully.A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.inthefrontD.infront(5)behind在…..后面，behindthehouse。(6)on….Street在…..街上，美式英語用on，英式英語用in。--Excuseme.Isthereapostofficenearhere?--Yes.ThereisoneWangFujinstreet.A.forB.onC.atD.next(7)along沿著，相當(dāng)于down，goalongthisstreet=godownthisstreet1)Go________thisstreetandthenturnright..A.fromB.toC.downD.on2)Myfatherhasahabitofjogging_______theJinchuanRiverforanhourinthemorning,A.betweenB.alongC.overD.through3)Walkthisstreet.You’llfindtheschoolthepark.A.down;inthefrontofB.along;inthefrontofC.along;infrontofD.away;infrontof(8)down，意思也是“沿著”，相當(dāng)于along。如：JustgodownNorthRoadandturnleft.1）JustgostraightFourthAvenue.Thecinemais.A.along;intherightB.down;intheleftC.down;ontheleftD.along;onright2)GodownthisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.(改為同義句)thisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.3）沿著新大街一直走，超市就在你的左邊。NewStreet,andthesupermarketis.※另補(bǔ)充：表示方位的in，on,to的區(qū)別：1）In表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的某方位（屬于該范圍）；FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.To表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位（不屬于該范圍）；SingaporeistothesouthofChina.On表示與某地的毗鄰關(guān)系。RussiaisonthenorthofChina.4.turnleft1)Turn在此處是動(dòng)詞，表示“轉(zhuǎn)彎；轉(zhuǎn)變方向”。Turnleft意為“向左轉(zhuǎn)”，turnright/left向右轉(zhuǎn)/左轉(zhuǎn)(right/left是adv.)It’sone’sturntodosth輪到某人做某事turnon打開（電燈，電視等）turnoff關(guān)掉（電燈，電視等）2)ontheright/left在右邊/左邊(right/left是n.)即學(xué)即練：1）--Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothebusstation?--Gostraightandright.You’llseeit.A.turningB.turnC.toturnD.turns2)Justgostraightandturn.Thehotelis.A.right;rightB.right;ontherightC.ontheright;rightD.right;totheright3)ThehotelisdownBridgeStreet____theright.inB.onC.atD.to5.1)payv支付，付錢*payfor+物“付錢買某物”*pay+錢+for+物“付多少錢買某物Shepays5yuanforthebooks.2)spendtimewithsb和某人共度時(shí)光1)Englishisalittledifficult.Imustspendmoretimeit.A.inB.atC.onD.for2)-Doyoualwaysspendalotoftimecomputer?No,butIspendmuchtimedoingmyhomework.A.on,inB.in,inC.in,onD.on,on3)-Doyouoftengetonline?-Yes.Ilotsoftimeonit.It’sagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.use4)Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan’ttoomuchtimethat.take,doingB.spend,fordoingC.spend,doingD.take,todo5)HowmuchdoestheticketfromShanghaitoBeijing?A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay6.Togetthere,IusuallywalkoutandturnrightonBridgeStreet.Todo短語表示目的，意為“要做……的話”Togetgoodgrades,youmuststudyhardeveryday.1）-WhatdoyouthinkofNewYorkcity?-Itisagoodplace.A.havefunB.havingfunC.tohavefunD.forfunny2）.Mommakesmeeatanappleeverydaythedoctorsaway.A.keeps B.iskept C.tokeep D.kept7.You’rewelcome不客氣當(dāng)別人向你道謝時(shí)的應(yīng)答語。表示不用謝的用語還有：That’sallright/Notatall/It’sapleasure.交際用語總結(jié)：A:在某一方面做得好或取得了某一成績或成功B:Welldone./Congratulations.真棒。/祝賀。如：-Mum,Igotan“A”intheEnglishexamtoday.Welldone!A:請(qǐng)求對(duì)方幫忙B:Withpleasure.樂意效勞。如：-CouldyouhelpmelookafterthecatwhileIisnotathome?Withpleasure!A:將要去旅行或度假B:Haveagoodtrip/Haveagood(great,wonderful,nice)time/Enjoyyourself(yourselves)/Havefun.如：-WeareflyingtoBeijingforthesummervacationnextweek.Haveagoodtrip!A:表示感謝、是否介意、請(qǐng)求或?yàn)槟呈碌角窧:Notatall.如：-I’msorryforbreakingyourglassonthetable./Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?/Thanksforhelpingmesomuch.-Notatall.沒關(guān)系。/當(dāng)然可以./不用謝。Withpleasure和It’sapleasure.的區(qū)別：It’sapleasure.=You’rewelcome.用語回答“Thankyou…”,用于事情發(fā)生之后；Withpleasure.=Noproblem.=Allright.=I’dliketo.用于別人請(qǐng)求你做某事，你很樂意去做時(shí)。用于事情發(fā)生之后。即學(xué)即練：①-Sally,IamgoingtoShanghaitomorrow..A.WelldoneB.Withpleasure.C.Haveagoodtrip.D.Notatall.②—Thankyouverymuch,Eric!--__________.A.I’msorryB.You’rewelcomeC.HereyouareD.Idon’tknow8.busyadj忙的bebusydoingsth=bebusywithsth忙于做某事Heisbusy_____(do)hishomework.9.enjoyv喜歡–enjoyableadj高興的enjoysth喜歡某物enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagood/greattime玩得高興①Tomenjoys________(play)soccer.②JimandSunsanenjoy_______(watch)TV.③Doyouenjoy_____Englishinourclass,MrGreen?A.teachB.teachesC.toteachD.teaching④Boysandgirls,didyouenjoy （你們）duringthevacation（在假期期間）？⑤PeterandSimonenjoyed(他們)attheEnglishpartylastnight.10.letsbdosth讓某人做某事Letme________(help)you.let’sdosth讓我們一起做某事Let’s________(go)toschool.11.tellv告訴tellsbaboutsth告訴某人關(guān)于某事tellsbtodosth告訴某人去做某事tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要去做某事12.1)thewayto+地點(diǎn)去….的路Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?2)Onthewayto+地點(diǎn)在去….的路上Weareonthewaytoschool.3)Bytheway順便說一下Bytheway，doyouknowwhenwewillhavetheEnglishtest?①-Excuseme.Doyouknowthewaythepark?-Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.ofB.forC.toD.togo13.hopev希望 hopetodosth希望去做某事IhopetovisitBeijing.hope+that從句IhopethatIcanvisitBeijing.①Ihopeyou______agoodtime.A.tohaveB.haveC.hasD.having14.takeawalk=haveawalk=goforawalk散步①--Let’s_____.–Allright.A.takeawalkB.takewalkC.totakewalkD.totakeawalk15.welcometo+地點(diǎn)歡迎到某地來Welcome____mybirthdayparty.atB.inC.toD./拓展練習(xí)題一.A.lookedafterA.lookedafterB.eatC.canD.near B. C. D.（1).Shetookcareofhergrandpawhenshewasfree.

（2).Areyousureheisabletodotheworkbyhimself.（3).Mum,I’mhungry.CanIhavesomecakes?（4).Jack,pleasecomeandsitbytheteacher.二.從下面四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。（1）Johnwantstobuyabighousethreeroomsforhisparents.A.throughB.withC.inD.on(2）Iwanttofindahouse__________manytreesaroundit.A.withB.haveC.hasD.thereare(3)—Whichwouldyoulike，teaorcoffee?—Either________OK，butIprefercoffee________milk.A．is；withB．is；toC．a(chǎn)re；withD．a(chǎn)re；to(4)-Canwerunacrosstheroadnow?-No,we.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.shouldn’t(5)-LiLei,hurryup!Thebusiscoming!-Oh,no.Weacrossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.haveto(6)ItisveryimportantforusEnglishwell.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learned(7)Wecangothereonfoot.Twokilometersnotfar.areB.isC.amD.be(8)-Howmuchisthepairofshoes?-Twentydollarsenough.A.isB.areC.amD.be(9)—Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.--Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25days_______short.A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t(10)Thereinthelargebowls.A.aresomericesB.issomericeC.hassomeeggsD.havesomenoodles(11)Thereisabeautifulgarden________fifthavenue.A．onB．inC．a(chǎn)tD．with三.用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（1）Everyyearmany(visit)cometovisittheWestLakeinHangzhou.（2）Centerparkisagoodplace(play)theguitar.（3)Iamveryhungry.Canyougivemesomething(eat)?（4)Icanfindthehotel________(easy).（5)Youshouldturnrightatthesecond______(cross).（6)Ithinkmoney________(benot)everything.（7)Ilovetowatchmonkeys_______(climb)trees.五.短文填空。從下面方框中選出10個(gè)單詞，用它們的適當(dāng)形式填入短文空格內(nèi)，使短文意思正確、通順（每詞限用一次）。請(qǐng)按編號(hào)將答案依次填入下邊的表格內(nèi)。incarproblematdodrivebecitytrainbusruletestInAmerica,drivingisawayoflife.Busyfamiliesoftenhavemorethanonecar.It’snotbecausethere(1).________nopublictransportationinAmerica.Therearetaxis,buses,andsubwaysinmany(2).________.Someschoolsevenhave(3).________totakestudentstoschool.Mostpeoplefinditismuchmoreconvenienttodrive,althoughtheymayfacetraffic(4).________.YoungpeopleinAmericaoftengettheirdriver’slicenses(5).________theageof16bypassingawrittentestandadriving(6).________.Forteenagers,beingableto(7).________andevenhavingtheirown(8).________isgreat.Driversneedtofollowroad(9).________.HerearesomeinAmerica:(10).________cutinfrontofothercars.Drivewithinthespeedlimited.FollowallroadsignsandpoliceofficersUnit8語法課前檢驗(yàn)：(17)1.圖書館在郵局的對(duì)面。Thelibraryis________________the___________________.2.在公園附近有餐館嗎？Is_________arestaurant_________the___________?3.緊挨著銀行有一家旅館。There__________ahotel________________thebank4.投幣電話應(yīng)在醫(yī)院后面。The__________phoneis__________the___________.在警察局前面有很多樹。Thereare____________trees_______________________thepolicestation.1.acrossfrom；postoffice2.there;near;park3.is;nextto4.pay;behind;hospital5.many;infrontof【教材原句】1.——Isthereabanknearhere?這附近有醫(yī)院嗎？——Yes,thereis.It’sonBridgeStreet.是的，有。它在大橋街上。2.——Arethererestaurantsnearhere?這附近有餐館嗎？——Yes,there’soneinfrontofthepostoffice.是的，在郵局前面有一個(gè)。3.Thereisazooinmyneighborhood.在我的街區(qū)有一個(gè)動(dòng)物園。.以上含有be句型的句子，表示某處某物。（there；有/存在）【語法透析】一、構(gòu)成Therebe…句型，表示的是“某處存在某物或某人，其結(jié)構(gòu)為”Therebe（is，are;willbe;was,were）+名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語。例如：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、各種句型1.肯定句：_______________________________________________否定句：_______________________________________________________not是副詞，no為形容詞，nota/an/any+n.相當(dāng)于no+n.例如：Thereisanorangeinherbag.→Thereisnoorangeinherbag.→Thereisnotanorangeinherbag.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→Therearenobirdsinthetree.→Therearenotanybirdsinthetree.3.一般疑問句：_______________________________________________肯定回答：Yes,therebe.否定回答：No,therebenot(縮寫).例如：Thereissomewaterintheglass.______________________________________________________________________________________________注意：肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň浠蛞话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí)，句中的some應(yīng)改為any。4.特殊疑問句：(1)對(duì)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中名詞的數(shù)量來提問：當(dāng)對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的量提問時(shí)：Howmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+地點(diǎn)狀語？當(dāng)對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的量提問時(shí)：Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+地點(diǎn)狀語？例如:：Therearefortyshopsonthestreet._______________________________________________Thereisabirdinthetree._______________________________________________Thereissomebreadonthistable._______________________________________________(2)對(duì)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞(主語)提問時(shí)，常省略there。指物：Whatis+地點(diǎn)狀語？指人：Whois+地點(diǎn)狀語？例如：Therearemanybooksonthedesk.→What’sonthedesk?Therearethreeboysintheroom.→Who’sintheroom?三、用法1.therebe句型中be：______________________________________例如：Thereisabasketballinthebox.Therearemanypeopleinthehall.2.如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作主語，be動(dòng)詞要和最靠近它的那個(gè)主語在數(shù)上保持一致，即“_______________________________”。例如：Thereisanappleandsomebananasinthebasket.Threaresomebananasandanappleinthebasket.四、therebe與have/has的區(qū)別1.therebe句型表示“某處存在某物或某人”，表示“有”時(shí)，側(cè)重于客觀，此時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)此物歸誰所有。例如：Therearetwomenintheoffice.2.have/has(got)表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，側(cè)重于主觀，此時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系“，主語多是人。例如：Hehasgottwosons.3.二者有時(shí)可能通用，表示“某物本身擁有……”。例如：Aweekhassevendays.=Thereareseverndaysinaweek.Theclassroomhastendesks.=Therearetendesksintheclassroom.【試題鏈接】Therestillsomeapplej