專題24-Unit4寫作與閱讀（教師版）-2021-2022學(xué)年英語初升高銜接大串講（牛津譯林版2020）

Unit4寫作與閱讀寫作本單7匕的寫作任務(wù)是寫一篇觀點(diǎn)類文章。在觀點(diǎn)類文章中你應(yīng)該清楚地向讀者表達(dá)你對(duì)某個(gè)特定主題的觀點(diǎn)。寫一篇好的觀點(diǎn)類文章，應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)：.在第一段清楚地闡明你的觀點(diǎn)；.給出理由解釋你的觀點(diǎn)；.在最后一段用不同的方式總結(jié)你的觀點(diǎn)。常用表達(dá)：Recentresearchshowsthat...Inmyopinion,itisvery...First?itistheeasiestwaytohelp...Secondly,ithelpspeoplewith...Lastly,ifsagoodideatodo...Inaword?Istronglyholdtheview（hat...（寫作模板）Part1：Nowadayssomepeoplewouldliketo...（描述現(xiàn)象）Personally,L..（亮明自己的觀點(diǎn)）Part2：Firstly,…（論點(diǎn)一）Secondly,…（論點(diǎn)二）Part3：Allinall,itisadvisable...（總結(jié)概括）假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校就“青少年是否應(yīng)該整容”的問題進(jìn)行討論，要求每個(gè)同學(xué)用書信的形式投稿,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇短文。.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人做整形手術(shù)，但你認(rèn)為青少年不應(yīng)該整容；.你的理由：對(duì)身體有害；分散學(xué)習(xí)的注意力；中學(xué)生過分注重外表不合適……注意：1.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。第一步審題謀篇I審題］寫作要求是發(fā)表對(duì)“青少年是否應(yīng)該整容”的看法，寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：.確定文體：這是一篇議論文。寫作時(shí)注意議論文的寫作特點(diǎn)。.主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。.主體人稱：由于是發(fā)表對(duì)某個(gè)問題的看法，所以人稱應(yīng)該以第一人稱和第三人稱為主。I謀篇］第一段：開門見山，引入主題：青少年不應(yīng)該整容；第二段：具體介紹自己的理由；第三段：總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。第二步遣詞造句［核心詞匯］.整形手術(shù)plasticsurgery.在乎careabout.集中精力于concernrateon.換句話說inotherwords.恢復(fù)正常生活rctumtoanonnallife.自信self-confidence.遠(yuǎn)離keepawayfrom［連詞成句］.整形手術(shù)在世界上已經(jīng)變得非常流行。PlasticsurgeryhasbecomeveryDopularintheworld..我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為青少年不應(yīng)該整容。Istronglybelieve(that)teenagersshouldn'thaveplasticsurgery..首先，青少年不應(yīng)該太在乎自己的外表。Firstly,ateenagershouldnotcareabouthisappearancetoomuch..他應(yīng)該集中精力于學(xué)習(xí)。Heshouldconccniraieonhislessons..一些青少年做了整容手術(shù)，這使他們無法回到正常的生活。Soniciccnagcrshadplasticsurgeryanditstoppedthemfromreturningtoanormallife.第三步句式升級(jí).用nol...but…把第3句和第4句連成一句。Firstly,ateenagershouldnotcareabouthisappearanceloomuch,butconcentrateonhislessons..用定語從句改寫第5句。SomeleenagershadDlaslicsurgery,whichstODDed【hemfromreluming【oanormallife.第四步組句成篇用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇英語短文?！敬鸢浮緿earEditor,AsisknowntoalLplasticsurgeryhasbecomeverypopularintheworld.Becauseitcanimproveourappearance.ButIstronglyhold（heview（hatteenagersshouldn'thaveplasticsurgery.Firstly,ateenagershouldnotcareabouthisappearanceloomuch,butconcentrateonhislessons.Secondly,ateenagerisstillgrowingandsuchsurgeryislikelytoharmhishealth.Someteenagershadplasticsurgery?whichstoppedthemfromreturningtoanormallifc.Thcrcforc,theyregrethavingthesurgery.Inaword,ateenagershouldkeepawayfromplasticsurgery,anduseknowledgetobuildself-confidence.Yours,LiHua閱讀天天練閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenyoucan'tgetaway,yourkidsstillcanbytakingavirtual（虛擬的）fieldtriptoamuseumfarm,zoooranotherfunlocation.Thisisagreatwaytogettheminterestedandhappy.BestToursoftheWorld：AirPanoAirPanohasavarietyoftoursinChina,Portugal,Switzerland,andmorecountries.ltoffersnarrations（敘述）ofseveraltoursandincludesshortwritteninformationthat'seasyfbrkidsofmostagestoread.Thetoursarealsofairlyshort,whichmakestheseloursgreatforyoungerkids.BestVirtualDairyFarmTour：VVill-O-CrestFarmThis45-minutetourofWill-O-CrestFarminNewYorkstatewalksthrougheverystepofworkingonadairyfarm.ltshowshowcowsarchousedandhowcowsarcmilkcd.Thcvideoishostedbyanarratorwithaliveinstruclorfrom（hefarmonsile.BestAquariumVirtualTour：NationalAquariumTheaquariumhasmorethan20,000wateranimals.Kidscanclickanddrag（拖）imagestonavigate（導(dǎo)航）theirwayaroundandusethemaptoexplorevariouscxhibits.Exploreeightareas,suchastheAmazonRiver,arainforestandtheMexicanGulf.BestNaturalHistoryTour：SmithsonianNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryThismuseumhelpsunderstandnatureandhumanity'splaceinit.There'ssomuchtoseethatnotallcanbelistedhere.However?themuseumoffersanonlinetourofmostofitsexhibits.Dividethistourupintoalotoflessons,sokidsdon'tgetstressed.語篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了四個(gè)適合孩子的虛擬野外旅行項(xiàng)Fl。WhichisinNewYorkstate?AirPano.Will-O-CrestFarm.NationalAquarium.SmithsonianNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory.B［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestVirtualDairyFarmTour：VVill-O-CrestFarm中的“This45-niinutctourofWill-O-CrestfarminNewYorkstatewalksthrougheveryst叩ofworkingonadairyfhrm.“可知，Will-O-CrestFarm在紐約州。故選B。WhatdoAirPanoandNationalAquariumhaveincommon?Theyaredividedintolotsoflessons.Theyarelikelytobelovedbyanimallovers.Theyprovidechancestotourdifferentplaces.Theyteachkidsknowledgeaboutnaturalhistory.C［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestToursoftheWorld：AirPano中的“AirPanohasavarietyoftoursinChina,Portugal,Switzerland,andmorecountries.”和BestAquariumVirtualTour：NationalAquarium中的“Exploreeightareas,suchastheAmazonRiver,arainforestandtheMexicanGulf.”可知，這兩個(gè)旅游項(xiàng)目都給游客提供了到不同地方的旅游。故選C。Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?GiveFuntoYourKidsAdventuresinRainForestsTourtheWorldwithYourKidsBestVirtualFieldTripsforYourKidsD【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenyoucan'tgetaway,yourkidsstillcanbytakingavirtual（虛擬的）fieldtriptoamuseumfarm,zoooranotherfunlocalion.”以及下文中的四個(gè)標(biāo)題可知，本文介紹了四個(gè)針對(duì)孩子的虛擬野外旅行項(xiàng)故選D。BThiswasthefirstrealtaskIreceivedinmynewschool.Ilseemedsimple：goontheInternetandfindinformationaboutamannamedGeorgeWashington.AsIsearchedthename,Ifoundthatthereweretwofamouspeoplehavingthesamenamewholookedcompletelydifferent!Oneinventedhundredsofusesforpeanuts（花生），whiletheotherledsomesortofarmyacrossAmerica.Istaredatthescreen,wonderingwhichonemyteachermeant.Icalledmygrandfatherforagoldenpieceofadvice：letthecoindecide.Iflipped（擲）acoinandAhITails（背面）！Myreportwouldbeaboutthegreatmanwhoinventedpeanutbutter,GeorgeWashingtonCarver.Weekslater,Istoodinfrontoftheclassroomandproudlyreadmyhomework.Butthingsstartedtogetstrange.Ilookedaroundtheroom,onlytofindmyclassmateswithbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyesandmystone-faccdteacher.Iwascompletelylost.^Whatcouldbecausingeveryonetoactthisway?”O(jiān)hwell,Idroppedthepaperandsatdownatmydesk,burningtofindoutwhatIhaddonewrong.Asaclassmatebeganhisreport,itallbecameclear,“MyreportisonGeorgeWashington,（hemanwhostarted（heAmericanWarofIndependence."Thewholeworldbecamequiet!HowcouldIknowthatmyteachermeantthatGeorgeWashington?Ofcourse,mysubjectresultwasawful.Sadbutfearless>Idecidedtoturnthisaround.ItalkedtotheheadmasterMissLancelot,butshesaidfirmly：Nore-dos；nonewscore.Ifeltthatitwasnotfair,andIbelievedIdeserved（應(yīng)得）asecondchance.SoIthrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestoftheschoolyear.Tenmonthslater,Isatintheheadmaster'sofficeagain,butthistimeacompletelydifferentconversation.!smiledandflashedbacktotheterriblemomentatthebeginningoftheyearastheheadmastertoldmeIwasgoodenoughtoskipthe6thgradeandstartedthe7thgradenextterm.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者在新學(xué)校接到的第一次任務(wù)是在網(wǎng)上查找關(guān)于GeorgeWashington的信息，由于作者對(duì)歷史了解得很少，在班級(jí)鬧出了笑話。事后他埋頭苦學(xué)，第一學(xué)年結(jié)束時(shí)取得了優(yōu)異的成績，并可以跳級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)。Everyoneintheclassactedstrangelybecause.A.IwastooproudofmyhomeworkImistookwhatthehomeworkwasaboutthewholeworldsuddenlybecamequiettheteacher'sfaceturnedtoastoneB【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知，老師布置的作業(yè)是關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的華盛頓，而不是發(fā)明多種花生用途的華盛頓。所以當(dāng)作者讀他的作業(yè)時(shí)，所有人表現(xiàn)奇怪的原因是他把作業(yè)中的人物是誰搞錯(cuò)了。故選BoIafterIfailedthesubject.workedhardertoprovemyabilityB.startedtostudyfromthe7lhgradeC.wassofrightenedattheawfulresultD.wasgivenasecondchancetoredotheworkA【解析】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“SoIthrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestoftheschoolyear.”可知從那以后，作者全身心投入到那一學(xué)年的學(xué)習(xí)中，即作者選擇了通過努力學(xué)習(xí)證明自己的實(shí)力。故選A。6.Wccaninfer（推斷）fromthepassagethat.A.theheadmasterdidn'tlikethewriteralallthewriter'sclassmatesfeltsadathismistakethewriterknewlittleaboutAmericanhistoryD.thewriter'sgrandpawasaverywisemanC【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章信息、：其他同學(xué)都知道老師要求查找的GeorgeWashington是誰，而作者卻不知道是哪一個(gè)Washington,由此可知作者并不了解美國的歷史人物。故選C。Whichofthefollowingproverbscanbestdescribethemainideaofthisstory?Seeingisbelieving.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，由于作者努力學(xué)習(xí)，作者從5年級(jí)直接跳到了7年級(jí)。通過作者前后兩次去校長辦公室的情形對(duì)比，讓大家深刻領(lǐng)悟到：有志者事竟成。故選B。CAtsomepointinlile,manypeoplesufferamentalproblem.Whilemostpeoplegetoverit,fbrothersitdoesn'tgoawayeasily.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthatabout20percentofchildrenandteenagersacrosstheglobesufferfrommentalillncss.It'sthoughtthatthenumberofchildrenandteenagerswithmentalillnessaroundtheworldwillincreasebyhalfby2020.Itwillbecomeoneofthemaincausesofdisease,disabilityandevendeath.Thereasonfbrmentalproblemsamongyoungpeoplemaybetheincreasingpressureinlife.Studyandrelationshipshavealwayscausedhugestressesfbrschoolchildren.Forinstance,theyexperienceschoolbullying(欺凌)andacademicpressure.InChina,thepictureisn'tbright,cithcr.About30millionChinesechildrenandteenagersundertheageof17,or10percentofchildrenandteenagersinChina,haveamentalhealthchallenge,reportedChinaDaily.Also,accordingtoChinaDaily,Chinesepeopledon'tseekhelpwiththeirmentalproblcms.Thcyfearthatotherswillthinklessofthemiftheyadmitthat(heyareintrouble.ManyChinesepeopleareashamedoftheirmentalproblemsandmentalillnessisataboo(禁忌)inanyChinesefamilies.IntheUK,overthreequartersofyoungpeoplebelievetheirmentalhealthproblemshaveasocialshameandaquarterofyoungUKpeoplewouldn'taskfbrhelpiftheydevelopedamentalproblem.Youngpeoplewhodon'tseekhelpfortheirconditionmaybecreatingproblemsforthemselvesinthefuture.Ifyoufeelsomethingiswrongwithinyou—seekhelp.Feelingdown?Herearethreethingstotryifyoufeellow.?Gotoapsychologytcachcr.Thcteacherwilllistentoyouandofferhelpfbrfree!,Call800-800-1100.It'sthenumberofahotlinerunbytheMentalHealthResearchandPreventionCenter.Thelineisopen24hoursaday.?Tellyourparentsandvisitthehospitalifthesituationgetsoutofcontrol.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。在人生的某個(gè)階段，很多人都會(huì)有心理問題。雖然大多數(shù)人都能克服它，但對(duì)另一些人來說，它不容易消失。據(jù)估計(jì)，到2020年，全球患精神疾病的兒童和青少年人數(shù)將增加一半。它將成為導(dǎo)致疾病、殘疾甚至死亡的主要原因之-o年輕人應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)妥善處理他們的精神問題。AccordingtotheWHO.aboutofchildrenandteenagersworldwideexperiencementalillness.A.10percentB.onefifthC.30percentD.threequartersB【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthatabout20percentofchildrenandteenagersacrosstheglobesufferfrommentalillness."可知，世界衛(wèi)生組織說全球大約20%的兒童和青少年患有精神疾病。故B選項(xiàng)正確。Chinesepeopledon'taskfbrhelpwiththeirmentalhealthproblemsprobablybecause.theythinklessoftheirmentalproblemstheyfearthattheymaygetintotroubletheyareashamedtoadmithavingmentalproblemstheyareunwillingtoavoidtheirmentalillnessC【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知，中國人不尋求心理健康方面的幫助，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冃哂诔姓J(rèn)自己有心理問題。故C選項(xiàng)正確。SchoolchildrenwithmentalhealthproblemsshouldtrythefollowingthreethingsEXCEPT.consultingtheirteachercallingahotlineforadvicecommunicatingwiththeirparentshidingtheirmentalillnessfromothersD［解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“HerearcthreethingstotryifyouDellow.”可知,有心理健康問題的學(xué)生可以嘗試咨詢老師、撥打熱線咨詢或者與父母溝通來解決自己的問題。D項(xiàng)”對(duì)■他人隱瞞自己的精神疾病”明顯與原文不符。故選D。Whatisthepurposeinwritingthisarticle?Toanalyzethemajorcausesofyoungpeople'smentalillness.Todescribethecurrentsituationofyoungpeople'smentalhealth.Tbencourageyoungpeopletodealwiththeirmentalproblemsproperly.TointroducementalproblemstoChineseyoungpeople.C【解析】寫作意圖題。文章主要介紹了兒童和青少年患有精神疾病的情況，鼓勵(lì)有心理健康問題的學(xué)生嘗試咨詢老師、撥打熱線咨詢或者與父母溝通來解決自己的問題。因此推斷文章的寫作目的是鼓勵(lì)年輕人妥善處理他們的精神問題。故C選項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsforHealthyTravelwithChildrenChildrenmakeupasmallbutimportantgroupoftravellers.Theirsmallerbodiesanddevelopingimmune（免疫）systemsmaketheirtravelhealthneedsimportant.IVaccines（疫苗）forchildrenIngeneral,thereisahigherriskformostvaccine-prevenlablediseaseswhentravellingabroad.2.Ifyouareplanningtotravel,checkwhetheryourchild'snonnalvaccinescheduleneedstobechangedtomakesurethattheyarefullyprotectedbeforetravelling.Malaria(瘧疾)andchildren3.Childrenareparticularlyatriskofdevelopingseveremalaria.Ifyoumust(ravelwithchildrentoamalariariskarea,visitadoctortodetermineifanti-malarialmedicationisrecommended.Ifanti-malarialmedicationisallowedtotake,keeptheminchild-proofcontainersandoutofreachofchildren.TransportationrisksAirtravelissafeforhealthychildren.4.Someairlineswillnotallownewbornsto11y.Earpaincausedbychangesinpressureduringlandingismorecommoninchildrenthaninaduhs.Tolessen(hepain,babiesshouldbottleorbreastfeed.Olderchildrencanchewgumorbeencouragedtoswalloworyawn.5Signsandsymptoms(癥4犬)ofaltitudesicknessinchildrenareoftenmistakenfbrotherillnesses.Achildwithaltitudesicknessmaythrowup,hatetoeat,orbeanxious.Olderchildrenmayalsoshowheadaches,ordifficultybreathing.Asitisdifficulttotellifachildisdevelopingaltitudesicknessandsincealtitudesicknesscandeveloprapidlyinchildren,youmaytraveltonohigherthan2,500m(8,200feet).HighaltitudesicknessPackatravelhealthkitAvoidtakingchildrentoareaswithariskofmalariaAndthesediseasestendtobemoresevere(嚴(yán)重的)inchildrenthaninadultsTherearemanyfactstotakeintoconsiderationwhentravellingwithchildrenItmaybedifficulttogivechildrenanti-malariamedicationbecauseittastesunpleasantHowever,itisnecessarythatyouwaituntilnewbornsareonetotwoweeksoldbeforeflying語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了四點(diǎn)與孩子一起健康旅行需要注意的事項(xiàng)。E［解析】根據(jù)上文“Theirsmallerbodiesanddevelopingimmune(免疫)systemsmake(heirtravelhealthneedsimportant.”以及下文對(duì)帶孩子旅行需要考慮的問題的論述可知，E選項(xiàng)“帶孩子旅行時(shí)要考慮許多事實(shí)”符合上下文語境。故選E。D【解析】根據(jù)上文“Ingeneral,thereisahigherriskformostvaccine-preventablediseaseswhentravellingabroad.”中的diseases可對(duì)應(yīng)到D選項(xiàng)中的thesediseaseso故選D。C【解析】根據(jù)F文“Childrenareparticularlyatriskofdevelopingseveremalaria.”可知兒童容易得瘧疾,因此要避免帶孩子去有瘧疾風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)。故選C。G【解析】根據(jù)下文“Someairlineswillnotallownewbornstofly.”中的newborns可對(duì)應(yīng)到G選項(xiàng)中“youwaituntilnewbornsareonetotwowee