Unit 2 第3課時(shí) Section A ( Grammar Focus -4c)【備課精研+知識(shí)精講】 八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) （人教新目標(biāo)Go For It!）

老師：XXX班級(jí)：XXXI’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.Unit2SectionAGrammarfocus-4c語(yǔ)言知識(shí):掌握本課時(shí)重點(diǎn)詞匯和句型：raise,midnight,alone,putup,bebusywith,beworriedabout...等學(xué)習(xí)能力:1.動(dòng)詞不定式的用法和功能；2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。文化意識(shí):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛公益事業(yè)，樂于助人的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。思維品質(zhì):通過志愿者行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，更好的理解志愿者工作。1Review2GrammarFocus3Presentation4Practice5Summary6HomeworkReview01visitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemupFreetalkIfwearevolunteers,wecould...helptocleanupthestreethelpchildrenwiththeirhomeworkhelptheoldpeople.........GrammarFocus02Pleaseunderlinetheinfinitivestructures.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.I’dliketodoasksb.todovolunteer…todolearntododecidetodohelpsb.todomake…todoletsb.dohelpsb.doGrammarFocus“to+動(dòng)詞原形”，有時(shí)to可省略。I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)V.+todo作賓補(bǔ)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)V.+sb.+to作目的狀語(yǔ)GrammarFocus動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能直接作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式（infinitive）定義構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動(dòng)詞原形”，常寫作todo(有時(shí)to可以省略)。GrammarFocus用法動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。GrammarFocus動(dòng)詞不定式（infinitive）狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)1.作主語(yǔ)用法Totravelaroundtheworld

ishisdream.TolearnEnglish

isimportantanduseful.一般位于句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。為了避免句子“頭重腳輕”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ)。=Itishisdreamtotravelaroundtheworld.=ItimportantandusefultolearnEnglish.GrammarFocus用法Wedecidetoplant

treesthisweekend.Iwanttobeavolunteer.2.作賓語(yǔ)LilywantstofindajobasanEnglishteacherinBeijing.GrammarFocusOurteacheraskedustocleantheclassroomafterschool.

Maryinvited

herfriendstocome

toherbirthdayparty.用法動(dòng)詞不定式用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)的情況。3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)GrammarFocus用法感官動(dòng)詞(hear,see,watch,feel,notice,listento,lookat等)后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Isawthementertheroom.3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)WhenIpassedtheclassroom,Isawthemsinging.seesb.dosth.意為“看見某人做某事”，表示看見了事情的全過程或者多次看見。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作已完成，動(dòng)詞用省略to的不定式。seesb.doingsth.意為“看見某人正在做某事”，表示賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞形式。其他感官動(dòng)詞也是這樣的用法哦！GrammarFocus用法使役動(dòng)詞(make,let,have)后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Myparentsmakemedosomehousework.help后面的動(dòng)詞不定式可加to，也可不加to。Couldyouhelpme(to)carrythebox?GrammarFocus3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Mydreamis

tobe

anastronaut.Herjobistolookaftersickchildren.動(dòng)詞不定式做表語(yǔ)常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：My/Her/Hisjob/dream/goal/aimis…

用法4.做表語(yǔ)GrammarFocusIhavemuchhomework

todo.Hewantstohavesomethingtoeat.用法5.作定語(yǔ)Ihaveapento

writewith.Shedoesn’thaveahousetolivein.不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，若是不及物動(dòng)詞,介詞不能省略。

GrammarFocusTokeephealthy,herunsintheparkeveryday.WeshouldworktogethertosavetheEarth.目的狀語(yǔ):動(dòng)詞不定式可表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的目的，位于句首或句尾。用法6.作狀語(yǔ)GrammarFocusI’mhappytoseeyouagain.

Iamsorrytotroubleyou.原因狀語(yǔ):在某些表示喜、怒、哀、樂等的形容詞后作原因狀語(yǔ)。用法6.作狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)可用于too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中。Heisoldenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself.Heistooshytoaskanyoneforhelp.GrammarFocusHedoesn’tknowwhere

togo.CouldyoutellmehowtolearnEnglish?與特殊疑問詞連用：放在what,which,where,when,which,who,how等詞之后。用法GrammarFocus疑問詞+不定式6.作狀語(yǔ)Pleasecirclethephrasalverbs.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.Shevolunteersthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.I’mmakingsomesignstoputuparoundtheschool.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）GrammarFocus短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）GrammarFocus1.動(dòng)詞+介詞waitfor等待

laughat嘲

lookafter照顧

agreewith同意介詞后須有賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)位于介詞后。介詞有：for,after,about,of,with,at...Doyouagreewithme?Sheiswaitingforthebus.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）GrammarFocus2.動(dòng)詞+副詞giveaway 捐贈(zèng)

handout 分發(fā)putup舉起；張貼 putoff 推遲副詞有：

up,out,down,off,away,in...Canyouhelpme

pickthepen

up?短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）He

gavethemawaytopoorchildren.Canyouhelpme

pickupthepen?GrammarFocuscomeupwith 想出lookforwardto 盼望getonwith 和睦相處相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)總是位于介詞之后短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）She

cameupwithagoodidea.Iam

lookingforwardtoyourreply.3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞GrammarFocushaveacold 感冒makeadifference影響；有作用takeawalk 散步Theytakeawalkinthepark.Shehadacoldlastweek.4.動(dòng)詞+名詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）GrammarFocus5.動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞takepartin 參加payattentionto 注意makefriendswith交朋友Wecanmakefriendswith

nicepeople.Iwanttotakepartinthefootballmatch.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（Phrasalverbs）GrammarFocusPresentation03putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff1.Iwantto______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.putoff2.Shehopesto______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.callup3.Ourclassistryingto____________someideasto_______sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto______signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_______eupwithcheerup

putuphandoutgiveoutFillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.4aPresentationhelpmovedomakevisitspendMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs1.________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat2._______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando3._______others.

tomaketodotohelpTherearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway4.________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans5.______sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear6._______toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomoveFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.Presentation4a1.I’dliketovolunteer_____________________________________

2.At12:a.m.,Icalledmyfriend______________________________

tohelpkidswiththeirhomework.

toplaysoccertogether.3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp______________________________

4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant_____________________________5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)_____________________takethetrashoutafterdinner.togocampingwithmyfriends.nottodothat.Completethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.Presentation4cPractice04一、單項(xiàng)選擇Practice1.—HaveyoueverheardthatChinaisbuildinganationwide5Gnetwork?—Right.5Gwillallowus_________Englishmoviesfasterthanever.A.downloadB.downloadsC.todownloadD.downloadin2.Motherasksme_____Enlgisheverymorning.A.read B.toread C.reading D.noread3.It’snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.You’dbetter_____.A.giveupit B.givethemup C.giveitup D.giveupthem