【高三英語(yǔ)試題】2021年北京市東城區(qū)高三年級(jí)一模英語(yǔ)試題(附解析)

北京市東城區(qū)20202021學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三綜合練習(xí)（一）英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，共100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AbeenanjobtostayduringEight-year-oldRobyrunsthroughtheofthehillycityofMedellinseveraladaywithainhistakingpackagedfoodstoofthemini-market.“Hehelpsustomaintainsocialdistancing,saidRoby’owner,SherryBotero.“Andpeople

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itwhenwesendthedog.”Robyenjoyseatingcarrots

3tohimbyatipforoffood.Robywasn’talwaysstar.Hewasacceptedintothefamilyafterrepeatedrequestsbysontoa

4byBoteroMsBoteroquickly6withtheAndwhensheamini-marketfourhetotoRobycan’tread.heremembersofwhohavepreviouslyrewardedwithtreats.Andhaslearnedtogotheirhousesonhis“Henamesoffiveorsixofourcustomers,MsBotero“SoIsendthegoodswithareceiptintheand8meatransfer轉(zhuǎn)賬；轉(zhuǎn)移.”Robymightnotknowthathe’sbecomeanhelphisand10hisdailypay.

9worker.Butheto高三英語(yǔ)

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1.A.B.chain

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D.receiptsD.impressD.D.第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5，共15分）閱讀下列短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Aarethemostinteresting11(sight)intheForcenturies,(show)interestinstudyingthem.In1682,EdmundHalley,annoticedbrightHalleypredictedthatthisbrightcometreturnin17581759was13hefirstthecomet.Thecometreallyreturnedontimeanditwasnamed“Halley’somet”inhonorofEdmundHalley.BEmmaonwayhomewhenascream.Lookingshesawboyonthesidewalkgasping(

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)for14(frighten)beggingforhelp.Emmatoboy,15turned“What’swrong?“Acandy!histhroat!ItwasthatEmmahadlearnedhow16the

海姆利克急救法)atSheactedSoon,theboyupapieceofbeganagain.He(save)intime.CInJapan,bonsaimeanstrayplantItinteresting18ofarttheplantinggrowingoftreesandBonsaiin2,00019(spread)Japanabout700Somethatonlysmallplantsusedinnottrue.Nearlyanytypeofplantbeused,asit20orasmallcutting.高三英語(yǔ)

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第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AofourthegenerationofinventorsandtheGroup(SMG)haslaunchedanexcitingnew—TotalOverthelastwehavebeendevelopingTotalwithaimofexperiencecanhaveactonpeople’sattitudestowards(science,engineeringmaths),wellashavingaonself-reflection,rathertorecallfactsconcepts.Totaladigitalstorytellingwhichyoungtotheyusedayrelatecanhelpthemdevelopconfidenceinsciencethinking.Theinvitestheplayertosolveapowerintheirhometown.gameplayersincontrol,allowingtheirchoicesdecisionstothemthroughthetheplayernavigatesdarkenedstreetsoftown,equippedonlywithtorch,theywillcuriosity,skillscreativeproblemsolving,theywilldiscovernewwhathaveblackout(

停電；斷電).Butwitheverytheirtorchtheplayermustsolvebeforebatteryout.Theplayer’schoicesandactionsthroughoutgamewillthemcreativityorcommunicationAttheend,skillsthehasusedwillrevealedalongwiththeirscienceshowinghowcouldputskillsintoactioninrealworld.Totalat8-15year-olds—aninteens’scienceResearchthatasteensthebetweenprimarysecondary,movefromaninterestinasinfluenceshaveapullintheirTotalaonlinegameplayableonsmartphone,tabletanddesktop.Playnowat.uk21.aimstoplayersrecallscientificconceptsB.betterC.improveD.developskills高三英語(yǔ)

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22.’sthekeytoinTotalJudgement.Teamwork.C.D.Gaming23.Whatofpassage?TopromoteanewB.TintroducetheSMG’smission.C.ToexplaintheofanonlineD.ToimportanceofSTEM.BNickTorrance,ajuniorinsuffersfrommusculardystrophy(

肌肉萎縮癥,inawheelchair.preventshimfromaccomplishingmanytasks,suchascarryingbooksputtingawayinSofellowassignedhelpAmySmith,theschool’soccupationaltherapist(

治療師

),thatdosomethinglikeopeninglockerownwouldbeAmyinitiallythoughtwouldbetobuyadevicetohelp.onlineupnothingmeetneeds—neededaorsomeotherphysicalgsherdisabledstudentcouldn’tdo.AfteroutsidesearchformethodcameuplookedtheitselfforAmyturnedtotheschool’sroboticsinstructor.Theinstructor,inturn,thattwoofhismostcapablestudentstakeonproject:MicahTheyfirstplaceinnationalcompetition,theyachoicetothedoorwithaMicahwastednotimedowntoworkandforaneachday,built,andrebuiltofdevicetheylandedtheperfectyearlater.Likeinanydevicedevelopment,ittookalotoftrialerrorforMicahWyatttomakethatwouldworkfortheirtargetaudience.Fortheyinitiallybuiltaopeningbutton,butNick’tstrongenoughtopushit,sotheyreplaceditsensor.Now,betweenNickhiselectrictolockerhisoversensoronthearmofwheelchair.Asecondslater,lockerwavetheNickcanitwith—itbesmallithimaof高三英語(yǔ)

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24.AmySmithadevice?Toincreaseherstudent’sconfidence.B.TocooperationC.Toroboticsinvention.D.Totreata25.WithinNick______.moveeasilyB.puthisawayC.D.openandclosehislocker26.AccordingtowhichwordsdescribeMicahWyatt?passionate.B.C.Sensitiveandinsightful.D.Humbleandwarmhearted.CVaccines(苗)soonmaketheirfirstfilmexpertMariaCroyle,researchershavedevelopedathinthatforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.Thismeansthecarefullysmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinespotentiallybereplacedlightweightfilmsthatcaninanstoredonashelf.Croyle’slaboratorybegandevelopingthetechnologyin2007.Inspiredbyr’sabilitytopreserveDNAofinsects,theresearchersouttocreatetheirownversionofthesubstancebymixing“alotofsugarandlittlebitofsalt,muchlikehardcandy,”Croyleexplains.Thevaccinefilmisbymouthforwhodislikeneedles.Thefilmistailoredsuitspecificprovideprotectivecoating.“We’velearnedovertimethatthekeytoreallystabilizingfilmtohaveitintermixedallthecomponents,”Croyleaddingthattheprocessquickandaffordable,standardequipment.“Wereallywantedcomeupwiththatdevelopingcountries.”Immunization(免疫

)heavilykeeping

-8)astheytransported,overthousandsofkilometerstocanbeandcostly,transportcancausethetoineffective.thisnewcanstoreliveforseveralatInapaperinSciencethescientistsshowthelivevirusesinvaccinewerepreservedinthefilmafter36Theyalsofindthatafluvaccinesuspendedintheirfilmfavourablywithtraditionalflushot(

流感預(yù)防針.“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,”saysLisaRohan,pharmacologist,whowasinvolvedinthethatvaccinewouldneedacustom配)forofdevelopment.高三英語(yǔ)

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Findingpartnerstomass-produceforclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostproblem,Theyarealsoexploringtokeeptheirstableto

℃.Sizeamajor—aletter-sizedsheetofthefilmcan500)ofvaccine,about1?900theweightoftheamounttraditionalBymakingittoshipvaccinesefficiently,Croylesays,thetechnologycouldvastlyratesworldparticularlyinmiddle-low-countries.27.Whatcanweaboutfilm?containsanimal’sDNA.C.Itcomesindifferent

B.ItwillreplaceD.Ithold28.Accordingto3,welearnaboutthefilmkeyC.possibleadvantages

B.developmentD.requirements29.ThementionsLisaRohanswordsto______.personalizingB.theispromisingC.theiswidelyD.thefunctionsaplatform30.Whatwillbenexturgenttask’steam?Advertisingthefilmworldwide.C.Reducingshippingcost.

B.Improvingthefilm’scapacity.D.DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpiece“TheFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativityisthefirstandstillthebestintroductiontothesubject,andIrecommenditassuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.Whynot?Afterall,itwouldpasswithtestsAndwhilebeliefthatpapertoitsfirstreaders,inmanypapersintheoreticalphysicsaremuchmoreAsthephysicistRichardFeynmanwrote,“Thereatimwhenthenewspaperssaidthatonly12understoodtheoryofrelativity.Idobelievetheremighthavebeenatimemandid,theonlyon,beforehewrotepaper.Butafterthealotunderstoodtheoryofrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymorethan12.”高三英語(yǔ)

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No,ItstartswithaphilosophicalofspacethenwithanofknownThosesections,whichwouldbeconsidereduphalftheWorse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientists’work,norarethereanygraphics.ThosemakenotevengetpastthefirstAofhaspartsofthescientificRequestsforresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornationallaboratoriesrigidlyAndanythinginvolvingworkwithsubjects,inspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.WeseeitalsointheRegeneronTalentNobelPrizeofhighIntheearlydecadesofitswinningprojectsthesortclevernaive,mightoftalentedbeginnersworkingonworkcomingoutof實(shí))atnorm.ThesearenaturaloftheexplosivegrowthofStandardizationandsystemmakeiteasiertomanagerapidofapplicationsandpeople.Butareseriousdownsides.Alotofunproductiveeffortintojumpingoutsidersentrybarriersturn.

繁文縟節(jié)

),Ofcourse,Einsteinwouldhistomeetingmodernpublishinghisresults.Itsscientificcorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethetasteto31.AccordingtoRichardFeynman,Einstein’s1915paper______.wasaclassicintheoreticalphysicsB.turnedbecomprehensibleC.D.attractedfew3Whatdoestheunderlined“extraneous”inParagraphmean?Unrealistic.B.Irrelevant.C.D.Imprecise.33.Accordingtoauthor,isaffectedasscienceoffindings.B.Theprincipleofresearch.C.TheselectionofyoungD.of34.WhichwouldtitleforB.Willsciencebeprofessionalized?C.getpublishedD.willsciencemake高三英語(yǔ)

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第二節(jié)（共5題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ReversalchangeyourperspectivesolveyourproblemIt’softendefinitionofaproblemthatlimitsinCreativesolutions35Thereversaltechniqueistechniquethatisbasedonthattoyouneedtheofthewordsindefinition.Howyouchangetheorderofthewordsdoesn’tmattermuch,aslongthewords36Yourchallenge“Howdowemakesurethatfewerpeopletakecarstotheirwork?”.Swappingthekeywords,youcouldrephrasethischallenge“Howdowemakesurethatfewercarstakepeopletotheirwork?Incase,firstwillyouthinkalternativemeansofliketrainsthesecondstatementwillprobablyyouofsolutionslike—carsforpeople.everyproblemisforSometimesusingyoutofirstrephrasethequestionaltogether.Forthequestionmightwesellmorewashingmachines?isnoteasilyreversed—thereisnokeywordtoswapwith“washingmachines”.Yet,whenyourephrasequestion“Howmightwesellwashingmachinestoparents?youcaneasilychangeitto“Howmightwesellmoreyoungparentstowashingmachines?38Youcouldinterpretthislastsentenceas“thewashingmachinepaysyoungparentstotryitout”.youcouldstartpotentialhowmuchtheywillsaveeachwhenchooseefficientwashingmachine.examplesomewillveryflexiblewayof39thetinyamountoftimeitwill“costyoutoareversal,youverytopotentially,secondislogical.B.ithelpstoaddonemorekeywordtosentence.C.RephrasingyourchallengetoD.Agreatwaytothisis“reversing”yourproblemstatement.E.youareresponsibletrafficjaminyouritischallenge,butitmightjuststimulatecreativeG.Noteveryonewillbeablefromunreasonabletoauseful高三英語(yǔ)

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第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；1、2題各2，3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問(wèn)題。Foryears,Booth’smothermadelengthyairingofItgotsothatJaneitruiningqualitytheirtimeshefinallyuphelpedhowoftensheItturnedthat’sinterventiononlymotheritalsohelpedtheirYoumaynotbedirecttoaregetcomplainertobeeffective,ithelpstocorrectaboutcomplaininginfirstplace.Infact,evenkindest,peopleAndcomplainingdoesn’talwayshaveaSometimes,complainingcananunfavorableintoadesirableitcanfosternewrelationshipswithpeoplewedon’tknowwell.Thestartwhenbecomesthedefault

默認(rèn)模式

“Whenwehaveaneedtobeheard,werepeatourselves,”saysDianKillian,alifecoach,“thesatisfactionforfrequentcomplainerscomesfromtheyarewithanysuggestiontoaddressthethat—resolutionttheir.”howdoyouquietaforthesakehis?plainerswillswitchgearsifyouinintereststhem.Summarizethecomplaint.Ifyourcomplainerhemaystopifyoudemonstratethatyou’relistening.Challengethetoact.Whenconstantcomplainertellsyoulatestproblem,asknicelywhathe’sdonetoimproveit.Whenhavedo,tellthatmustcutshort—especiallyif’ssomeonewhocomplainedyoumanytimesbefore.Whensomeonestressesyououtwithlotsofnegativity,it’simportanttotalktheproblem.Otherwise,ifbottlerepeatedorstartQuietingacomplainercanbothof40.WhatBoothdostopcomplaining?41.Accordingto2,aretheabout42.whichpartinthefollowingunderlineitand●Comp