弱電系統(tǒng)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

弱電系統(tǒng)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)（文檔含中英文對照即英文原文和中文翻譯）譯文：關(guān)于弱電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計電力應(yīng)用按照電力輸送功率的強(qiáng)弱可以分為強(qiáng)電與弱電兩類。建筑及建筑群用電一般指交流220V50Hz及以上的強(qiáng)電。主要向人們提供電力能源，將電能轉(zhuǎn)換為其他能源，例如空調(diào)用電，照明用電，動力用電等等。智能建筑中的弱電主要有兩類，一類是國家規(guī)定的安全電壓等級及控制電壓等低電壓電能，有交流與直流之分，交流36V以下，直流24V以下，如24V直流控制電源，或應(yīng)急照明燈備用電源。另一類是載有語音、圖像、數(shù)據(jù)等信息的信息源，如電話、電視、計算機(jī)的信息。一般情況下，弱電系統(tǒng)工程指第二類應(yīng)用。主要包括：1、電視信號工程，如電視監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，有線電視。2、通信工程，如電話。3、智能消防工程。4、擴(kuò)聲與音響工程，如小區(qū)中背景音樂廣播，建筑物中的背景音樂。5、綜合布線工程，主要用于計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，軟硬件功能的迅速強(qiáng)大，各種弱電系統(tǒng)工程和計算機(jī)技術(shù)的完美結(jié)合，使以往的各種分類不再像以前那么清晰。各類工程的相互融合，就是系統(tǒng)集成。第一章有線電視系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計一般規(guī)定及設(shè)計原則一般規(guī)定根據(jù)《民用建筑電氣設(shè)計規(guī)范》JGJ16-2008，有線電視和衛(wèi)星電視接收系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：有線電視系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計應(yīng)符合質(zhì)量優(yōu)良、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理、安全適用的原則，并應(yīng)與城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃和本地有線電視網(wǎng)的發(fā)展相適應(yīng)。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的接收信號場強(qiáng)，宜取自實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)。當(dāng)獲取實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)確有困難時，可采用理論計算的方法計算場強(qiáng)值。在新建和擴(kuò)建小區(qū)的組網(wǎng)設(shè)計中，宜以自設(shè)前端或子分前端、光纖同軸電纜混合網(wǎng)(HFC)方式組網(wǎng)，或光纖直接入(FTTH)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)宜具備寬帶、雙向、高速及三網(wǎng)融合功能。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計除應(yīng)符合本規(guī)范外，尚應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《有線電視系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)規(guī)范))GB50200、《聲音和電視信號的電纜分配系統(tǒng)》GB/T6510及行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《有線廣播電視系統(tǒng)技術(shù)規(guī)范》GY/T106的規(guī)定。1.1.2設(shè)計原則根據(jù)《民用建筑電氣設(shè)計規(guī)范》JGJ16-2008，有線電視系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列設(shè)計原則：有線電視系統(tǒng)規(guī)模宜按用戶終端數(shù)量分為下列四類：A類：10000戶以上；B類：2001—10000戶；C類：301—2000戶；D類：300戶以下。

建筑物與建筑群光纖同軸電纜混合網(wǎng)(HFC),宜由自設(shè)分前端或子分前端、二級光纖鏈路網(wǎng)、同軸電纜分配網(wǎng)及用戶終端四部分組成，典型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)宜符合圖1.1的規(guī)定。一級光纖 二級整纖弗節(jié)點(diǎn)|同軸分陽期一級光纖 二級整纖弗節(jié)點(diǎn)|同軸分陽期用戶終端圖1.1HFC典型網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計時應(yīng)明確下列主要條件和技術(shù)要求：系統(tǒng)規(guī)模、用戶分布及功能需求；接入的有線電視網(wǎng)或自設(shè)前端的各類信號源和自辦節(jié)目的數(shù)量、類別；城鎮(zhèn)的有線電視系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)采用雙向傳輸及三網(wǎng)融合技術(shù)方案；接收天線設(shè)置點(diǎn)的實(shí)測場強(qiáng)值或理論計算的信號場強(qiáng)值及有線電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號接口參數(shù)；接收天線設(shè)置點(diǎn)建筑物周圍的地形、地貌以及干擾源、氣象和大氣污染狀況等。1.2線路敷設(shè)根據(jù)《民用建筑電氣設(shè)計規(guī)范》JGJ16-2008，有線電視系統(tǒng)線路敷設(shè)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：有線電視系統(tǒng)的信號傳輸線纜，應(yīng)采用特性阻抗為75Q的同軸電纜。當(dāng)選擇光纖作為傳輸介質(zhì)時，應(yīng)符合廣播電視短程光纜傳輸?shù)南嚓P(guān)規(guī)定。重要線路應(yīng)考慮備用路由。室內(nèi)線路的敷設(shè)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：新建或有內(nèi)裝飾的改建工程，采用暗導(dǎo)管敷設(shè)方式，在已建建筑物內(nèi)，可采用明敷方式；在強(qiáng)場強(qiáng)區(qū)，應(yīng)穿鋼導(dǎo)管并宜沿背對電視發(fā)射臺方向的墻面敷設(shè)。本設(shè)計傳輸線路采用SYWV75-5同軸電纜，穿PC20的管沿墻或頂棚敷設(shè)。第二章可視對講系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計2.1概述為了方便訪客和居民的溝通必須設(shè)立可視對講系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)是整個小區(qū)安全系統(tǒng)的一個重要子系統(tǒng)，將小區(qū)入口、中心、梯口、住家四者緊密聯(lián)系在了一起，有效地防范外來人員自主進(jìn)入小區(qū)及樓梯內(nèi)，降低小區(qū)盜竊案件的發(fā)生，同時方便小區(qū)住戶的出入?？梢晫χv系統(tǒng)由樓宇電控防盜門附設(shè)電控門鎖、閉門器、門口機(jī)和電源，室內(nèi)機(jī)和管理機(jī)構(gòu)成。門口機(jī)是為來訪者提供呼叫主人并與其通話的設(shè)備；室內(nèi)機(jī)用于住戶接收呼叫，主人可通過與來訪者交談或者同時看見來訪者的形態(tài)相貌而確認(rèn)來訪者的身份，然后決定是否開門；而管理人員則通過管理及監(jiān)控，管理全樓或者整個轄區(qū)的安全。它可以為來訪者與住戶和管理者之間，提供聯(lián)絡(luò)的有效手段，配合出入口控制系統(tǒng)，大大提高了小區(qū)住宅的安全性。2.2系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能2.2.1小區(qū)可視對講系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的描述人員進(jìn)入口分類：當(dāng)外來人員進(jìn)入小區(qū)時，需要在單元處的對講主機(jī)門口機(jī)上呼叫住戶，只有得到住戶的同意之后并且由住戶遙控開鎖之后，方可進(jìn)入；當(dāng)是住戶進(jìn)入小區(qū)時，可以用鑰匙打開單元門，直接進(jìn)入樓梯，也可以通過密碼或者門禁卡開鎖；網(wǎng)絡(luò)式結(jié)構(gòu)：通過總線將住戶室內(nèi)分機(jī)連入在梯口的門口主機(jī)；各樓梯的門口主機(jī)引出電纜，接入設(shè)在小區(qū)入口的中心管理機(jī)，構(gòu)成整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。總體管理：中心管理機(jī)將管理所有的門口機(jī)，由門口機(jī)直接接到住戶分機(jī)，中心管理機(jī)可以呼叫分機(jī)，分機(jī)也可直接呼叫管理中心機(jī)。小區(qū)人口處：當(dāng)保安人員發(fā)現(xiàn)有外來人員時可以通過管理中心呼叫住戶，待其確認(rèn)來訪人員之后，方可允許外來人員進(jìn)入小區(qū)內(nèi)。2.2.2本對講系統(tǒng)功能簡介分機(jī)可對主機(jī)和報警管理中心呼叫；雙向編解碼；管理中心顯示所呼叫號碼(樓號及房號)；管理中心呼叫小區(qū)任意用戶，采用總線制主機(jī)位碼管理系統(tǒng)。通過一條信號線就可從管理中心把小區(qū)多達(dá)64個主機(jī)串進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)之內(nèi)。用戶分機(jī)需一根二芯信號線，無極性與模塊連接，特別適合把分機(jī)直接交新樓住戶自行安裝，分機(jī)線路或分機(jī)故障將不影響系統(tǒng)使用。分機(jī)號碼無需在分機(jī)本身或模塊上撥碼式剪線，只需在主機(jī)上按已定程序從面板設(shè)定輸入。每個住戶可使用單獨(dú)的開鎖密碼，住戶自動在鍵盤上更改開鎖碼，主機(jī)可多達(dá)256個開鎖密碼。樓門口主機(jī)呼叫管理中心，管理中心可為所呼叫主機(jī)開鎖。用戶可加接二次確認(rèn)的門前機(jī)，主管理機(jī)可接四部副管理機(jī)。查詢打印所有存貯報警時間，地址查詢、打印用戶入口資訊并及時輸入住人員變動情況。報警呼叫時顯示下傳的用戶方位及相關(guān)信息，電子地圖顯示用戶建筑平面圖及具體報警點(diǎn)、警情。物業(yè)管理、建筑資料庫信息查詢。管理主機(jī)應(yīng)具有搶線功能。住戶分機(jī)應(yīng)具有免掛機(jī)功能，分機(jī)沒掛好不影響呼叫。2.2.3可視對講系統(tǒng)方案及型材的選擇根據(jù)設(shè)計要求選擇對講型或可視對講型。但傳輸系統(tǒng)一般均應(yīng)按可視對講型設(shè)計。獨(dú)立的單元式公寓或高層住宅樓的訪客對講系統(tǒng)，宜選擇不聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。智能化住宅小區(qū)應(yīng)選用聯(lián)網(wǎng)式訪客對講系統(tǒng)?？梢晫χv型一般宜選黑白攝像系統(tǒng)，門口機(jī)應(yīng)具有夜視功能，即具有紅外線補(bǔ)光器，保證在夜間攝像清晰。在要求較高的項目中，可視對講宜選用彩色攝像系統(tǒng)。對于每一戶需要多個門口機(jī)和多臺可視對講分機(jī)的聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)選擇滿足系統(tǒng)要求的相應(yīng)設(shè)備。對于單元式公寓宜選擇帶門禁管理功能的門口機(jī)，住戶采用感應(yīng)式IC卡。（7）布線：1） 室內(nèi)布線：電源線與信號線應(yīng)分開敷設(shè)，信號線應(yīng)選擇屏蔽線，導(dǎo)線截面宜為0.4mm2的線纜，但系統(tǒng)的傳輸距離大于300m時，線徑要相應(yīng)增大。2） 系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有線路故障報警功能和蓄電池低壓檢測報警功能。本工程可視對講系統(tǒng)在一層單元入口處至住宅入口處設(shè)單元對講主機(jī)，住宅內(nèi)每戶戶內(nèi)設(shè)一可視對講分機(jī)，來訪者可通過可視對講主機(jī)直接與戶內(nèi)通話，住宅內(nèi)可通過室內(nèi)分機(jī)控制對講門的開啟.本設(shè)計室外主機(jī)采用GST-DJ6106,由GST-18V2AY提供一路18V電源，并且主機(jī)與電鎖（DTIC控制器）相連接，室外主機(jī)通過層間分配器與室內(nèi)分機(jī)GST-DJ6217相連接，都與小區(qū)管理中心監(jiān)視機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)，詳見可視對講系統(tǒng)圖。2.2.4設(shè)備的安裝電線電纜由室外埋地方式引入樓內(nèi)并穿鍍鋅鋼管保護(hù)，埋地深度為0.8m，主機(jī)和分機(jī)墻上暗裝，距地1.4m，電磁鎖裝于門上，設(shè)備用電由公共用電提供。各層接線盒采用86系列鐵制接線盒，墻上暗裝，距地1.8m，可視對講分機(jī)接線盒采用86系列鐵制接線盒，墻上暗裝，距地1.4m。各層電纜選用PC20管頂棚暗敷方式或墻內(nèi)暗裝。第三章綜合布線及電話系統(tǒng)設(shè)計3.1概述綜合布線系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的布線技術(shù)，提供結(jié)構(gòu)化的布線，其開放性、靈活性、可靠性和安全性保證了建筑物在使用期間無需重新布線就可以滿足現(xiàn)在乃至將來網(wǎng)絡(luò)和通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展要求。通常的綜合布線系統(tǒng)主要針對語音和數(shù)據(jù)。綜合布線系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計必須全面考慮業(yè)主的需求以及未來技術(shù)發(fā)展的需要。根據(jù)需求按照國家設(shè)計規(guī)范選用不同的電纜、電纜組合、信息插座、適配器及布線路由，對每一個子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行綜合的考慮及獨(dú)立的設(shè)計，既不能產(chǎn)生瓶頸，又不能有過多的冗余。整個系統(tǒng)設(shè)計既需要考慮性能價格比，又要充分考慮未來的需求，綜合布線不同于目前的電話通訊線路與計算機(jī)線路的簡單相加，它是將整個小區(qū)的通訊線路融為一體，以便用戶能更方便地利用通訊線路享受到現(xiàn)在與未來的多種服務(wù)。根據(jù)《民用建筑電氣設(shè)計規(guī)范》JGJ16-2008，綜合布線系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列一般規(guī)定：綜合布線系統(tǒng)應(yīng)根據(jù)各建筑物的性質(zhì)、功能、環(huán)境條件和用戶近期的實(shí)際使用及中遠(yuǎn)期發(fā)展的需求，確定系統(tǒng)的鏈路等級和進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)配置。綜合布線系統(tǒng)應(yīng)采用開放式星形拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)計應(yīng)滿足建筑群或建筑物內(nèi)語音、數(shù)據(jù)、圖文和視頻等信號傳輸?shù)囊蟆＞C合布線系統(tǒng)鏈路中選用的纜線、連接器件、跳線等性能和類別必須全部滿足該鏈路等級傳輸性能的要求。綜合布線系統(tǒng)與公用通信網(wǎng)的連接，應(yīng)滿足電信業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營者為用戶提供業(yè)務(wù)的需求，并預(yù)留安裝接入設(shè)備的位置。綜合布線系統(tǒng)設(shè)計除符合本規(guī)范規(guī)定外，尚應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《綜合布線系統(tǒng)工程設(shè)計規(guī)范》GB50311的規(guī)定。3.2網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合布線的設(shè)計一個好的綜合布線系統(tǒng)需要考慮的，最重要的部分就是傳輸介質(zhì)，介質(zhì)直接影響帶寬、傳輸速度和質(zhì)量。目前通常使用四種傳輸介質(zhì)：STP、UTP、FTP、光纜。STP：一種全屏蔽電纜，具有較高的容量和較好的抗電磁干擾特性，過去曾廣泛地用于數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。但是它的成本高且施工難度大。UTP：UTP定義成非屏蔽雙絞線，它對電磁干擾的唯一防護(hù)就是雙絞線的平衡特性。FTP：一種新的布線系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這就是FTP屏蔽雙絞線。它在四對雙絞線外面包著一層鋁的屏蔽層，通過屏蔽層和雙絞線的平衡特性共同抵抗電磁干擾。FTP結(jié)合了STP的技術(shù)優(yōu)點(diǎn)和UTP易于安裝的特性，是性能價格比最好的一種傳輸介質(zhì)。光纜：容量大，抗干擾性強(qiáng)，在寬帶通信中得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。因價格相對較高目前多應(yīng)用于垂直干線子系統(tǒng)。目前衡量一個布線系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要有：a、 國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO/IECIS11801b、 北美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EIA/TIA568c、 歐洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EN50173目前標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中規(guī)格較高的是歐洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)EN50173。它更加強(qiáng)調(diào)滿足環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求，以及對人的健康和安全的影響。由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，對于綜合布線系統(tǒng)的傳輸能力提出了速度更快、帶寬更寬的要求。新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議和應(yīng)用不斷涌現(xiàn)，對現(xiàn)行的綜合布線系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也提出了新的要求。目前D級(ClassD)布線產(chǎn)品，也稱為5類(Cat.5)布線產(chǎn)品，可以支持目前存在的和出現(xiàn)的所有應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)(目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的熱點(diǎn)千兆位以太網(wǎng)的設(shè)計運(yùn)行頻率仍為100MHZ，與100兆以太網(wǎng)相同)。一般來講，屏蔽可比非屏蔽系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能提高40dB左右。設(shè)計一個布線系統(tǒng)要考慮以下幾個方面的因素：當(dāng)前及今后幾十年網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展對布線系統(tǒng)的要求高速化：如100Mbps、155Mbps、622Mbps、100BASE-T、100BASE-VG、ATM、千兆位以太網(wǎng)、FDDI、CDDI等?？煽啃裕弘S著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)模越來越大，及人們對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依賴越來越高，要求布線系統(tǒng)有更高的可靠性。布線系統(tǒng)環(huán)境電磁場干擾環(huán)境日益惡化，電臺、電視臺、各種移動電話、工業(yè)用電等的日益增多使電磁干擾日益惡化。布線系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有較長的生命周期15年一20年或更長的生命周期。更換布線系統(tǒng)的困難大、投資大、影響大因此，我們認(rèn)為選擇屏蔽布線系統(tǒng)或非屏蔽布線系統(tǒng)的依據(jù)是：當(dāng)用戶目前及今后網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用為低速應(yīng)用時(10BASET,TOKENRING),且布線環(huán)境無嚴(yán)重電磁干擾時，采用非屏蔽布線系統(tǒng)。當(dāng)用戶目前及今后網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用為30MHZ以上高速應(yīng)用時，如100BASE-T、100BASE-VG、FDDI、CDDI、ATM、千兆位以太網(wǎng)等，或者布線環(huán)境有較嚴(yán)重的電磁干擾時，宜采用屏蔽布線系統(tǒng),但造價昂貴。當(dāng)布線環(huán)境有大于等于30MHZ以上的電磁干擾時，宜采用屏蔽布線系統(tǒng)。這一點(diǎn)在通信行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中已有明確表述。本設(shè)計傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用5類UTP,網(wǎng)絡(luò)的平面布置和系統(tǒng)圖等詳見設(shè)計圖紙。3.3電話系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計3.3.1系統(tǒng)概述隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高，電話已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代化家庭必不可少的通訊工具，本來綜合布線系統(tǒng)完全可以滿足語音傳輸?shù)囊螅紤]到小區(qū)的實(shí)際情況以及從減少整個系統(tǒng)建設(shè)成本的角度出發(fā)，我們在設(shè)計時將數(shù)據(jù)和語音部分分開來做，為小區(qū)住戶提供良好的語音通訊線路。本設(shè)計嚴(yán)格按照相應(yīng)的規(guī)范條例來設(shè)計，在完成每戶的基礎(chǔ)上我們在前端預(yù)留一部分的接口，以備小區(qū)今后的擴(kuò)充用。3.3.2線路設(shè)計本工程由電信網(wǎng)引接外線，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)戶型均為2對電話外線，住戶內(nèi)客廳、書房及主臥設(shè)一個電話出線口。布線方式具體如下：電話系統(tǒng)進(jìn)線設(shè)在樓梯間，并設(shè)置總配線架，通過樓層配線架引至各層的電話分線箱，從而進(jìn)入各家各戶。本工程的電話電纜采用RVS-20.5mm，外套裝PC20管沿墻或者地面敷設(shè)。本工程的各層電話接線箱距地1.8米嵌墻安裝，家庭弱電信息箱距地0。5m嵌墻安裝，電話線的出線口距地0.3米暗裝。本工程的電話電纜及支線均采用銅芯雙絞線，可為小區(qū)住戶提供寬帶上網(wǎng)服務(wù)。原文：AboutweaksystemdesignPowerapplicationsinaccordancewiththestrengthofthepowertransmissionpowercanbedividedintostrongandweakelectricalcategories.Buildingandbuildingsgenerallyreferstotheexchangeofelectricityandover220V50Hzstrongelectric.Mainlytoprovidepeoplewithelectricalenergy,electricalenergyisconvertedtootherenergysources,suchasair-conditioningelectricity,lighting,electricity,powerconsumption,andsoon.IntelligentBuildingoftheweaktwomaintypes,oneisthestateofsecurityandcontrolvoltagelevelvoltagelowvoltageelectricity,ACandDCpoints,thefollowingexchange36VDC24Vorless,suchas24VDCcontrolpower,oremergencylightingstandbypower.Theotheriscontainedinvoice,video,dataandotherinformationsourcesofinformation,suchasinformationtelephone,television,computers.Undernormalcircumstances,theweaksystemsengineeringreferstothesecondtypeofapplication.Including:atelevisionsignalprojects,suchastelevisionsurveillancesystem,cableTV.2,communicationengineering,suchasatelephone.3,intelligentfireprotectionengineering.4,soundandsoundengineering,suchasthecellbackgroundmusicbroadcasting,buildingbackgroundmusic.5cablingproject,mainlyforcomputernetworks.Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnology,powerfulhardwareandsoftwarefeatures,avarietyofweaksystemsengineeringandcomputertechnology,theperfectcombinationtomakethepastavarietyofclassificationisnotasclear.Mutualintegrationofvariousprojects,issystemsintegration.ThefirstchapterofthecablesystemdesignGeneralrequirementsanddesignprinciplesGeneralprovisionsAccordingto"civilelectricaldesignspecifications"JGJ16-2008,cableandsatelliteTVreceptionsystemshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:Design(1)cablesystemshallcomplywiththequality,technologicallyadvanced,economical,safeandapplicableprinciples,andshouldtheplanninganddevelopmentoflocalcablenetworkstoadapttourbanconstruction.Thereceivedsignal(2)systemdesignfield,shouldbetakenfromthemeasureddata.When

measureddataisindeeddifficulttoobtain,themethodcanbeusedtocalculatethetheoreticalcalculationofthevalueofthefieldstrength.(3)Inthenewandexpandedcommunitynetworkingdesign,shouldbetosetupsub-sub-frontorfront-end,hybridfibercoaxialnetwork(HFC)networkmode,ordirectlyintothefiberoptic(FTTH).Networkshouldhavebroadband,two-way,high-speedandtripleplaycapabilities.(4)thesystemdesignshallmeetthespecifications,thereshouldbeinlinewithcurrentnationalstandard"cablesystemsengineeringandtechnicalspecifications))GB50200,"soundandtelevisionsignalscabledistributionsystem"GB/T6510andindustrystandard"cablebroadcastingTVsystemrequirementsspecification"GY/T106's.DesignPrinciplesAccordingto"civilelectricaldesignspecifications"JGJ16-2008,cabletelevisionsystemshallmeetthefollowingdesignprinciples:(1)thesizeofthecablesystemterminalshouldbedividedbythenumberofusersthefollowingfourcategories:ClassA:10,000ormore;ClassB:2001-10000households;ClassC:301-2000households;ClassD:300戶less.(2)buildingandarchitecturalcomplexhybridfibercoaxialnetwork(HFC),shouldbesetupbythesub-sub-sub-frontorfront-end,secondaryfiberlinknetwork,composedoffourpartscoaxialcabledistributionnetworkterminalsandusers,typicalnetworktopologyshouldcomplywiththerequirementsofFigure1.1.Figure1.1HFCtypicalnetworktopology-級光纖令二級整纖光節(jié)點(diǎn)」同軸分陽期用戶終端Thesystemshouldbedesignedtoclearthefollowingmainconditionsandtechnicalrequirements:)sizeofthesystem,theuserdistributionandfunctionalrequirements;)thenumberofcabletelevisionaccess,orvarioustypesofsourcesanditsownfront-endrunningtheprogram,class;)urbancablesystemsshouldbeusedintwo-waytransmissionandnetworkconvergencetechnologysolutions;)Measuredfieldstrengthreceivingantennasetpointvalueortheoreticalvaluecalculatedsignalstrengthandsignalinterfacecablenetworkparameters;)Setthereceivingantennatopography,aswellassourcesofinterference,suchasweatherconditionsandairpollutionpointofthesurroundingbuildings.1.2linelayingAccordingto"civilelectricaldesignspecifications"JGJ16-2008,linelayingcablesystemsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:Signaltransmissioncable(1)cablesystemshouldbeusedasa75Qcharacteristicimpedanceothecoaxialcable.Whenselectingfiberasatransmissionmedium,shallcomplywiththerelevantprovisionsoftheshort-rangeradioandtelevisioncabletransmission.Importantlinesshouldconsideralternateroutes.(2)layinginteriorlineshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:)Neworalterationswithinthedecorative,darkpipelayingmethodadoptedinthebuildinghasbeenbuilt,canbeusedforsurfacemode;)Inastrongfieldregion,andshouldbewearingasteelpipelaidalongthedirectionfacingawayfromtheTVtransmittingstationwall.ThedesignoftransmissionlinesusingSYWV75-5coaxialcable,wearalongthewallorceilingPC20pipelaying.DesignChapterIIvideointercomsystemOverviewInordertofacilitatecommunicationbetweenvisitorsandresidentshavesetupvideointercomsystem.Thissystemisamajorsubsystemoftheentiredistrictsecuritysystem,thecellentrance,center,stairs,fourhomeswerecloselylinkedtogether,effectivelypreventforeignworkersintothecommunityofindependentandstaircases,reducetheincidenceoftheftofacell,Meanwhileconvenientaccesstoresidentialhouseholds.Videointercomsystemfromthebuildinghassecuritydoorselectronicallycontrolledelectronicallycontrolleddoorlocks,doorclosers,doormachine,andpower,andregulatoryagenciesintotheindoorunit.Doormachineistoprovidevisitorstocalltheownerandtalktotheirequipment;indoorunitforhouseholdsreceivingacall,theownercanchatwithvisitorsorvisitorsatthesametimeseetheshapelooksandconfirmtheidentityofthevisitor,andthendecidewhethertoopenthedoor;themanagementstaffthroughthemanagementandmonitoring,managementoftheentirefloor,ortheentireareaofsafety.Itcanbebetweenvisitorsandtenantsandmanagers,providinganeffectivemeansofcontact,withtheaccesscontrolsystem,greatlyimprovingthesafetyofresidentialhomes.StructureandFunction2.2.1Areavisualintercomsystemdesigndescription(1)entryintothemouthCategory:Whenforeignworkersintothearea,residentsneedtocallontheintercommasterdriveunitatthedoor,andthenonlybyahouseholdremoteunlocking,aftergettingconsentbeforeenteringhouseholds;householdstoenterthecellwhenitis,youcanusethekeytoopenthecelldoor,directaccesstothestairs,youcanalsounlockpasswordoraccesscards;(2)Networkarchitecture:bybushouseholdsconnectedtotheindoorextensionofthestairsoutsidethehost;eachstaircaseleadstothedoorofthehostcableaccessintheentranceareaofthecentralmanagementunit,constitutetheentirenetworksystem.(3)Overallmanagement:centralmanagementunitwillmanagealldoormachine,doormachinereceiveddirectlybythehouseholdextension,centralmanagementunitcancallextension,theextensioncanalsodirectlycallcentermanager.(4)CommunityPopulationDivision:Whensecuritypersonnelfoundbyforeignresidentscancallmanagementcenter,waituntilaftertheconfirmationvisitingpersonnelbeforeallowingforeignworkerstoenterthecell.Introductionoftheintercomsystem(1)extensioncancallthehostandalarmmanagementcenter;bidirectionalcodec;ManagementCenterdisplaysthecallingnumber(floorandroomnumber);managementcenterdistrictcalledanyuser,hostbussystemusingdigitalcodemanagementsystem.Fromthecenterofthedistrictcanmanageupto64hostsviaasignallinestringintothenetworks.(2)Usersneedatwo-coresignalextensionline,ThePromiseofthemoduleisconnected,especiallyfortheextensiondirectlypaytoinstallanewfloortenants,extensionorextensionlinefailurewillnotaffectthesystem.(3)donotneedtodialanextensionnumberontheextensiontypecutlineormoduleitself,justonthehostprogramhasbeensetfromthefrontpanelbysettinginput.(4)Eachhouseholdcanuseaseparatepasswordtounlock,unlockcodeautomaticallychangesthehouseholdonthekeyboard,hostupto256unlockpassword.(5)theentrancehostscallmanagementcentertomanagethecallcentercanhostunlock.(6)Theusercanthenaddsecondaryconfirmationinfrontofmachines,themainmanagementunitcanbeaccessedbyfourdeputymanager.(7)checkprintallstoredalarmtime,address(8)query,printuserentryinformationandtimelyinputpersonnelchangesinlivingconditions.(9)Whenanalarmcalldisplayorientationdownstreamusersandassociatedinformation,electronicmapdisplayuserspecificfloorplanandalarmandpolice.(10)Propertymanagement,constructioninformationdatabasequeries.(11)Thehostshouldhavegrablinemanagementfunctions.(12)householdextensionshouldhavethefreehookfunction,itreallydidnothangaffectcallext.Selectthe2.2.3videointercomsystemsolutionsandprofiles(1)Accordingtothedesignrequirementsofselectvideointercomintercom-typeortype.However,accordingtothetransmissionsystemshouldbegenerallyspeakingvisualdesign.(2)independentunitapartmentsorhigh-riseresidentialbuildingvisitorsintercomsystem,shouldchoosenotnetworkedsystems.IntelligentResidentialvisitorsshouldusenetworkedintercomsystems.(3)videointercomtypegenerallyshouldchooseblackandwhitecamerasystems,doormachineshouldhavenightvisionfunction,whichhasaninfraredfilllight,aguaranteeNightShotclear.(4)indemandingprojects,videointercomshouldchooseacolorcamerasystem.(5)Foreachuserrequiresmultiplemachinesandmultipledoorvideointercomextensionofthenetworkingsystem,youshouldselecttheappropriateequipmenttomeetsystemrequirements.(6)Fortheunitshouldchoosetheapartmentdoormachinewithaccesscontrolfunction,householdsusingICcard.(7)wiring:)indoorwiring:powerlinesandsignallinesshouldberoutedseparately,signallinesshouldbeselectedshieldedwire,wirecross-sectionof0.4mm2cableshouldbe,butwhenthetransmissiondistanceofthesystemisgreaterthan300m,diametertoincreaseaccordingly.)Thesystemshouldhavethelinefaultdetectionalarmfunctionandlow-batteryalarmfunction.Theprojectvideointercomsystemattheentrancetoadwellingunitinalayerlocatedattheentranceintercommasterunit,residentialindoorhouseholdextensionfeaturesavideointercom,videointercomvisitorscandirectlywithinthehostfamiliescallscanbecontrolledwithinresidentialintercomdooropenthroughindoorextension.ThedesignoftheoutdoorhostusingGST-DJ6106,providing18VpowersupplyallthewayfromtheGST-18V2AY,andhostandelectriclocks(DTICcontroller)isconnectedtothehostviaaninterlayerdistributoroutdoorandindoorextensionGST-DJ6217isconnectedtoboththecommunitynetworkmanagementcentertomonitormachine,seevideointercomsystemdiagram.2.2.4installedequipmentWiresandcablesburiedbytheoutdoorwaytointroducethebuildingandwearingprotectivegalvanizedsteel,burieddepthof0.8m,thehostandtheextensionwallconcealedfromtheground1.4m,electromagneticlocksonadoor,electricalequipmentusedbythepublicCLP.Layersusing86seriessteeljunctionboxjunctionbox,wallconcealedfromtheground1.8m,videointercomextensionusing86seriessteeljunctionboxjunctionbox,wallconcealedfromtheground1.4m.OptionalcablePC20pipelayersConcealedceilingorwallconcealedmanner.ChapterIIIandtelephonecablingsystemdesign3.1OverviewCablingsystemusesadvancedroutingtechnologiestoprovidestructuredcabling,itsopenness,flexibility,reliabilityandsecuritytoensurethatthebuildingduringusewithoutre-wiringtomeettherequirementsnowandinthefuturedevelopmentofnetworkingandcommunicationstechnology.Usuallythemaincablingsystemforvoiceanddata.CablingSystemdesignmusttakefullaccountoftheneedsoftheownersandtheneedsoffuturetechnologydevelopment.Accordingtotheneedsofthecountryinaccordancewithdesignspecificationsusedifferentcables,cableassemblies,informationoutlets,adaptersandwiringrouting,foreachsubsystemcomprehensiveconsiderationandindependentdesign,wecannotcreateabottleneck,andcannothavetoomuchredundancy.Needtoconsiderboththeoverallsystemdesigncost-effective,butalsogivefullconsiderationtotheneedsofthefuture,isdifferentfromthesimplesumofthecurrentcablingtelephonecommunicationlinesandcomputerlines,itistheintegrationoftheentiredistrict'scommunicationlines,sothattheusercanmoreeasilytakeadvantageofthecommunicationlinestoenjoyavarietyofservicesnowandinthefuture.Accordingto"civilelectricaldesignspecifications"JGJ16-2008,integratedwiringsystemshouldmeetthefollowinggeneralrequirements:(1)integratedwiringsystemshouldbebasedonthenatureofeachbuilding,thedemandfunction,environmentalconditionsandtheuser'sactualuseandtherecentdevelopmentinthelongterm,todeterminethesystem'slinklevelandsystemconfiguration.(2)integratedwiringsystemshouldadoptanopenstartopology,thedesignshouldmeetwithinbuildingsorbuildingsofvoice,data,graphicsandvideosignaltransmission.(3)selectionofcablingsystemlinkcable,connectingdevices,suchasperformanceandjumperclassesmustmeetallofthelinkleveltransmissionperformancerequirements.(4)connectingcablingsystemsandpubliccommunicationnetworks,telecommunicationsoperatorsshouldmeettoprovideuserswithbusinessneeds,andsetasidetoinstallaccessequipmentlocation.(5)Inadditiontocablingsystemdesignmeetsthespecification,thereshouldbeconsistentwithexistingnationalstandardGB50311requirements"cablingsystemdesignspecifications.”networkcablingdesignAgoodcablingsystemneedstobeconsidered,themostimportantpartofthetransmissionmedium,themediumdirectlyaffectthebandwidthandtransmissionspeedandquality.Nowcommonlyusingfourtransmissionmedium:STP,UTP,FTP,fiberopticcable.STP:afullyshieldedcable,withhighcapacityandgoodresistancetoelectromagneticinterferencecharacteristics,widelyusedinthepast,thedatatransmission.However,itshighcostandconstructiondifficult.UTP:UTPunshieldedtwistedpairisdefinedastheonlyprotectionitistwistedelectromagneticinterferencebalancingproperties.FTP:Anewcablingsystemstandard,whichisFTPshieldedtwistedpair.Itisinfourpairswrappedinalayerofaluminumshield,theshieldandthebalancethroughacommoncharacteristictwistedagainstelectromagneticinterference.FTPcombinesthetechnicaladvantagesofSTPandUTPeasyinstallationfeatures,isoneofthebestprice-performancetransmissionmedium.(4)cable:largecapacity,stronganti-interference,hasbeenwidelyusedinbroadbandcommunications.Duetotherelativelyhighpricescurrentlymoreusedverticaltrunksubsystem.Currentlythestandardmeasureofacablingsystemare:theinternationalstandardISO/IECIS11801theNorthAmericanstandardEIA/TIA568theEuropeanstandardEN50173CurrentlyahighstandardspecificationistheEuropeanstandardEN50173.Itismoreemphasisonmeetingtherequirementsofenvironmentalprotection,andtheimpactonhumanhealthandsafety.Duetotherapiddevelopmentofnetworktechnology,thetransmissioncapacityproposedcablingsystemfaster,widerbandwidthrequirements.Newnetworkprotocolsandapplicationscontinuetoemerge,thecurrentstandardcablingsystemalsoproposednewrequirements.CurrentlyDgrade(ClassD)cablingproducts,alsoknownasCategory5(Cat.5)cablingproductstosupportallexistingandemergingapplications(currentlyoperatingfrequencydesignhotGigabitEthernetnetworktechnologyisstillis100MHZ,and100GigabitEthernetsame).Generally,shieldedunshieldedcomparableperformancetoimproveanti-jammingsystemaround40dB.Designconsiderationsofawiringsystemtothefollowingaspects:(1)currentandfuturenetworkdevelopmentfordecadescablingsystemrequirementsSpeed:as100Mbps,155Mbps,622Mbps,100BASE-T,100BASE-VG,ATM,GigabitEthernet,FDDI,CDDIandsoon.Reliability:Withthesizeofthenetworkisgrowing,andpeopleareincreasinglydependentonthenetwork,requiringcablingsystemhashigherreliability.(2)wiringsystemenvironmentElectromagneticinterferenceenvironmentisdeteriorating,radio,television,allkindsofmobilephones,suchastheincreasingnumberofindustrialelectricityelectromagneticinterferencedeteriorating.(3)wiringsystemshouldhavealongerlifecycleof15years-20yearsorlongerlifecycle.Difficulty(4)Replacethewiringsystembig,biginvestment,bigimpactTherefore,wethinkthechoiceshieldedorunshieldedcablin