廣東省廣州市從化第二中學(xué)（從化二中）2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析

廣東省廣州市從化第二中學(xué)（從化二中）2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Someverycommonthingssuchas

tothesunforalongtimewilldoharmtopeople'sskinandevencauseskincancer． A．exposing

B．beingexposed C．havingexposed

D．exposed參考答案：B2.Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a;that

B.a;when

C.the;that

D.the;when參考答案：B3.Onlyinthisway

tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.A.youcanhope B.youdidhope

C.canyouhope

D.didyouhope參考答案：C4.About____oftheworkersinthatsteelworks____youngpeople.

A.thirdfifths,are

B.threefifths,are

C.threefifths,is

D.threefifth,are參考答案：B5.______isknowntousallisthattheoldscientist,for______lifewashardinthepast,stillworksveryhardinhiseighties．A.As;whom

B.What;whom

C.It;whose

D.What;whose參考答案：B6.MysisterandIhadaquarrelover________should

washdishes.

A.whoitwas

thatB.itwaswhothatC.whomitwasthatD.itwaswhomthat參考答案：A7.-Thewindowisdirty.

-Iknow.It___________forweeks.A.hasn’tcleaned B.didn’tclean C.wasn’tcleaned D.hasn’tbeencleaned參考答案：D8.Notdrinkingenoughwater______leadtoheadacheandpoorphysicalperformance.A.can B.must

C.should

D.need參考答案：A試題解析：句意：不喝足夠的水會(huì)導(dǎo)致頭痛，身體狀況也會(huì)變差。can表“能，能夠”。故選A。9.BecauseBobhadstoppedreadingthetechnicaljournals,hewas

ofnewdevelopment.A.unknown

B.similar

C.unfamiliar

D.ignorant參考答案：D10.It

beagoodmovie—itsreviewswereverygood．

A．can

B．should

C．might

D．need參考答案：B

11.--Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.--Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter__youenjoyedyourselves.A.evenif

B.incase

C.asfaras

D.aslongas參考答案：D12.Allthedishesinthismenu,_____otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.as

B.if C.though

D.unless參考答案：D解析：考查連詞的用法。本題的難點(diǎn)就在于中間部分的翻譯。全句意思是：在這份菜單上的所有菜，除非另外說(shuō)明，會(huì)給二到三個(gè)人食用。Unless除非。13.Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday. A.incase

B.nowthat C.asif D.sothat參考答案：D14.Thecaveis_____tothepublic,highupthefaceofacliffwhichnoonecanclimb.

A.inadequate

B.inconvenient

C.impossible

D.inaccessible參考答案：D略15.Anntalkedaboutthepeopleandthings_______movedhergreatlyduringherstaythere.A.who

B.that

C.which

D.what參考答案：B16._____moreeffectivelywithothers,moreandmorepeopleequipthemselveswitha

highereducation.

A.Compete

B.Beingcompeted

C.Tocompete

D.Competing參考答案：C二、填空17.Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet.Wesendendlessemails;wevideochatratherthantravelacrossthetowntomeet.Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays.Butastechnologydevelops,arewelosingourabilitytoconnectandempathize(移情)withothers?Empathyistheabilitytofeelanotherperson’semotionsandunderstandhis/herviews.Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers.Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.Wearetoldthat“theeyesarethewindowsofthesoul,andeyecontactiscertaincriticalinempathy.”However,empathyreliesonmorethanreadingfacialexpressions.Newresearchsuggestsourvoicecangreatlyhelpusconnect.AnewstudybyMichaelKrausfromYaleUniversityhasfoundthatoursenseofhearingmaybeevenstrongerthanoursightwhenitcomestoaccuratelydetectingpeople’semotions.Inotherwords,youmaybeabletosensesomeone’semotionalstateevenbetteroverthephonethaninperson.Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices(comparedtowhentheylookedatfacialexpressionsalone,orlookedatfacialexpressionsandheardvoices).Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy.Heaskedtheparticipantstodiscussadifficultworksituationoveravideoconferencingplatformusingeitherjustthemicrophoneorthemicrophoneandthevideo.Onceagain,theparticipantsweremoreaccurateatdetectingpeople’semotionsinvoice-onlycalls.Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(細(xì)微差別)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.Howcanwegetbetteratinterpretingemotionsinthevoicesofourcoworkersandlovedones?Thereisn’tmuchresearchsofarexploringthisquestionspecifically.Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.But,really,wemightnotneedmuchtraining.Krausfoundthat,onceyouremoveotherinputs(likefacialexpressions),yourattentionnaturallysharpenswhenitcomestovoicemessages.Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.You’remoreemotionallyonthephoneAquestiontoanswer●Nowadays____51____communicationhasgainedgreatpopularity,whichdramatically____52____real-lifeinteractions.Insuchasituation,canwestillconnectandempathizewithothers?A____53____beliefaboutempathy●Humanstendtounderstandwhatotherpeopleare____54____bydetectingtheirfacialexpressions,especiallyfromtheireyes.Anewstudyaboutempathy●Thenewstudywas____55____onthreeexperiments,whichsuggestedthattheparticipantsweremost____56____indetectingpeople'semotionswhentheyonlyheardtheirvoices.A(n)____57____ofthenewstudy●Thevoiceisapowerfulmodeofempathy,becauseitmakespeoplestay____58____onthevoicemessages.Otherdiscoveries●Accordingtoastudyonbabies'cries,musicaltrainingisa____59____tobetterabilitytolistenforempathy.●Theabilitytolistenwasanimportantreasonwhyourancestorswereableto_____60_____

參考答案：51.online/Internet

52.reduces/decreases

53.traditional/conventional/previous

54.feeling

55.based/dependent

56.accurate/precise

57.explanation/result

58.focused/concentrated

59.contributor

60.survive這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明人的聲音在人與人之間的溝通交流中起著重要的作用。【51題詳解】由第一段“Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet”(在世界各地的工作場(chǎng)所和家庭中，人們傾向于通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)行交流。)可知，通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交流受到很多人的歡迎。故填online/Internet。【52題詳解】由第一段“Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays”(事實(shí)上，坐下來(lái)和別人面對(duì)面交流似乎是一種難得的奢侈。)可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交流減少了人們現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的溝通。故填reduces/decreases。【53題詳解】由第二段“Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers”(在過(guò)去的幾十年里，研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)了我們閱讀他人的能力。)可知，這是先前對(duì)于移情的看法。故填traditional/conventional/previous。【54題詳解】由第二段“Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.”(我們通常是通過(guò)別人的面部表情——尤其是他們的眼睛——來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的情緒。)可知，人類往往通過(guò)觀察他人的面部表情來(lái)理解他人的感受，特別是從他們的眼睛。故填feeling?！?5題詳解】由第三段“Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.”(克勞斯進(jìn)行了三次實(shí)驗(yàn)得出結(jié)論。)可知，新研究以三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)。故填based/dependent。【56題詳解】由第五段“Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices”(在所有這些實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者在只聽(tīng)到人們的聲音時(shí)表現(xiàn)得最好。)可知，參與者只聽(tīng)到他們的聲音時(shí)，他們最能準(zhǔn)確地檢測(cè)到人們的情緒。故填accurate/precise?！?7題詳解】由第四段“Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy”(一些后續(xù)的研究中，克勞斯把他的注意力引向?yàn)槭裁绰曇粲腥绱藦?qiáng)大的移情方式。)可知，克勞斯對(duì)為什么聲音有如此強(qiáng)大的移情方式進(jìn)行了解釋。故填explanation/result?！?8題詳解】由第四段“Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(細(xì)微差別)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.”(他發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)我們只聽(tīng)聲音的時(shí)候，我們只是把注意力放在說(shuō)話者表達(dá)自己時(shí)的細(xì)微差別上。)可知，說(shuō)話的人把注意力集中于聲音信息。故填focused/concentrated?！?9題詳解】由第五段“Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.”(一項(xiàng)關(guān)于嬰兒、哭聲的研究表明，受過(guò)更多音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練的父母更善于區(qū)分悲傷的哭聲和其他類型的哭聲。)可知，音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練有助于提高傾聽(tīng)他人感受的能力。故填contributor。【60題詳解】由第五段“Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.(此外，人類捕捉聲音細(xì)微差別的能力可能為我們的祖先提供了強(qiáng)大的進(jìn)化優(yōu)勢(shì)，這有助于確保生存。)可知，傾聽(tīng)的能力是我們祖先得以生存的一個(gè)重要原因。故填survive。18.ItispredictedthattheChinesespacestationwillbebuiltmostlybymachine.Chinahopestohavethespacestation___9___(complete)by2022anditisexpectedtooperateforatleast10years.Chinaalsoplanstolandaprobe（探測(cè)器）onMarsby2020.Untilnow,Chinahascompleteda

totaloffivemannedspacemissions.And,

in2003,it

___10___(successful)landedaprobeonthemoon.參考答案：9.completed

10.successfully本段講述中國(guó)未來(lái)的空間站計(jì)劃，中國(guó)希望到2022年建成空間站，預(yù)計(jì)至少運(yùn)行10年。【9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)希望該空間站在2022年前完工。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且句中沒(méi)有連詞，故complete只能做非謂語(yǔ)，與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞completed?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：它成功地在月球上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)探測(cè)器。landed為動(dòng)詞，需要副詞形式修飾，故填successfully。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Acrosstheplanettherearemillionsofpeoplewhoengageinsometypeofmeditation,thepracticeofconcentratingandclearingthemindtobringthebodyintoastateofpeace,atleastasemi-regularbasis.Forsome,particularlyamongpractitionersofEasternreligionssuchasBuddhismandHinduism,thisispartandparceloftheirreligiouspractice.Forothers,particularlyinWesterncultures,meditationtendstobearesponsetostress.Withtheworldeconomyapproachingmeltdownandpeopleworriedabouttheirjobortheirabilitytokeeptheirhome,it’sawayforpeopletoattainastateofpeaceofmindandwell-being.Forthoseinterestedintakingupthepractice,instructioninmeditationforbeginnerscanbefoundinliterallythousandsofsources.OneofthemostpopularstylesofmediationintheWest,withclassesofferedinmostmajorcities,iscalledTranscendentalMeditation.TM,asitisknownamongitspractitioners,firstcametoworldwideattentionwhentheBeatlesbeganpracticingitin1967.Fordirect,guided,personalinstructioninmeditationforthebeginner,TMmaybethehallmark.Partoftheconfusionabouthowtopracticemeditationeffectivelyisduetothefactthatthereareliterallyhundredsoftechniqueschampionedbyvariousgroupsandindividuals.Asageneralprinciple,itmightbesaidthatallmeditationtechniquesseektohavethepractitionerattainastateofconsciousnessthatisdifferenttoourordinarystateofawareness.Theyattempttotrainpeopletocleartheirmindsandachieveasenseofinnerpeace.Itsoundssimpleenough,butofthehugenumberofpeopleexperimentwithmeditation,veryfewareabletomaintainitspracticeoverthelonghaul.Inmostcases,thisisduetofrustrationovertheinabilitytoexperienceanydramatic,instantlyrecognizableeffects.Thisisquiteasadstateofaffairs,thatsofewthesedaysarewillingorequippedtopersistinsomethingthatdoesn’tprovideimmediatelife-changingresults.Itreflectsacultureinwhichdemandsfordisciplineandsustainedeffortareconsideredunnecessaryorevenunfair.Itisnosurprisethereforethatmanypeopleabandontheireffortsatmeditationbeforetheyhaveachancetobearfruit.Butforanyonewhodoesdecidetotakeupthisworthwhilepractice,pleasere