《英美社會(huì)與文化》試題庫(kù)new

PAGEPAGE16《英語(yǔ)國(guó)家社會(huì)與文化》復(fù)習(xí)資料第一部分課程考核說明1、考核目的通過考試，了解學(xué)生對(duì)本課程的基本內(nèi)容、重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)的掌握程度，以及運(yùn)用本課程的基本知識(shí)、基本方法和基本理論分析和解決實(shí)際問題的能力。同時(shí)還考察學(xué)生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中是否注意了理解和記憶相結(jié)合，理解和運(yùn)用相結(jié)合。2、考核方式：閉卷考試。3、適用范圍、教材和參考資料本試題庫(kù)適用范圍為英語(yǔ)本科專業(yè)。試題命題的參照教材為AnOutlineIntroductiontoBritainandAmerica(來安方等編著)，參考資料包括SurveyofBritainandAmerica(張奎武主編)、UnderstandingtheUSandtheUK(許魯之編著)、English-speakingCountries:ASurvey(余志遠(yuǎn)主編)。4、命題依據(jù)本試題庫(kù)依據(jù)是《英美社會(huì)與文化》課程的教學(xué)大綱、教材。5、考試要求主要考核學(xué)生對(duì)課程基本知識(shí)及概念、基本理論和基本技能的理解和應(yīng)用能力。在能力層次上，從識(shí)記、領(lǐng)會(huì)和應(yīng)用三個(gè)角度來要求。識(shí)記是要求學(xué)生掌握本課程的基本知識(shí)和相關(guān)概念；領(lǐng)會(huì)是要求學(xué)生在掌握基本理論、基本方法的基礎(chǔ)上，能融會(huì)貫通；應(yīng)用是要求學(xué)生能綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的內(nèi)容，對(duì)課程中的有關(guān)問題進(jìn)行討論，作出自己的評(píng)價(jià)。6、試題類型及結(jié)構(gòu)試題類型及分?jǐn)?shù)比重大致為：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇題（20%）+簡(jiǎn)答題（20%）+概念題（30%）+論述題（30%）。第二部分基本概念ExplainthefollowingtermsinEnglish1.theThamesRiver3.OpenUniversity4.theGloriousRevolution5.theBritishCommonwealth.6.theBlackDeath.7.ConstitutionalMonarchy.8.thewelfarestate.9.theMagnaCarta10.theWarsofRoses11.theNationalHealthyService12.Publicschool13.Keynesianism14.grammarschool15.NationalEisteddfod16.theJurySystem17.BloodyMary18.thePeople'sCharterof183819.Agribusiness20.theOpenStructure21.thedissenters22.NewScotlandYard23.Stonehenge24.Hadrian’sWall25.theopen-fieldfarmingsystem26.Heptarchy27.theWitan28.Vikings29.theDanelaw30.crusades31.JoanofArc32.theLollards33.Enclosures34.StarChamber35.Renaissance36.humanists37.theDivineRightofKings38.TheGunpowderPlotof160539.theGrandRemonstrance40.TheCommonwealth41.Diggers42.Levelers43.farmerGeorge基本知識(shí)Ⅰ、Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementonquestioncarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementonquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Chosetheonewhichyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestions1.TherearethreenaturalZonesinScotland.Whichistheexception?A)HighlandsinthenorthB)theCentralLowlandsC)theEastersUplandsD)theSouthernUplands2.RiveristhemostimportantriverinScotlandA)TweedB)TyneC)ThamesD)Clyde3.TheBritishEmpiregraduallydisappearedanditwasreplacedbytheBritishCommonwealthin_______A)1931B)1991C)1923D)19304.ThefirstknownsettlersofBritainwereA)theIberiansB)theCeltsC)theBeakerFolkD)theRomans5.,thegreatRomangeneral,invadedBritainforthefirsttimein55BC.A)EmperorClaudiusB)JuliusCaesarC)AlfredD)William6.AtthetimeoftheNormanConquest,Anglo-SaxonEnglishwasheadedbyA)TostigB)GodwinC)EudemonD)Harold7.Fornearlyyears,BritainwasundertheRomanoccupation.A)300B)400C)500D)6008.WhentheHundredYearsWarendedin1453,wastheonlypartofFrancethatwasstillinthehandsofEnglish.A)FlandersB)SlugsC)CalaisD)Potion9wasthefounderofAngevin(orPlantagenet)Dynasty.

A)HenryⅠB)HenryⅡC)KingJohnD)EdwardⅥ10.CharlesⅠcalledhisthirdparliamentin1628,atthisparliamenthewasforcedtoacceptthePetitionofRight,regardedastheSecondA)MagnaCartaB)BillofRightsC)LongParliamentD)ProvisionsofOxford11.isgenerallyregardedasthebeginningofmodemworldhistory.A)ThePuritanRevolutionB)TheRenaissanceC)TheGreatCharterD)TheEnglishReformation12.TherestorationoftheHouseofStuarthappenedintheyearThemonarchwhorestoredwasA)1660,CharlesIIB)1685,JamesIIC)1660,JamesIID)1685,CharlesII13.isthebestknownofthe"metaphysicalpoets".A)EdmundSpenserB)PhilipSidneyC)JohnDoneD)BenJonson14.TheToriesweretheforerunnersofthewhichstillbearsthenicknametoday.A)theLibertyPartyB)theLaborPartyC)theConservativePartyD)theCommunistParty15.TheEnglishIndustrialRevolutioninthelate18thcenturystartedwiththe__industry.A)coal-miningB)textileC)shipbuildingD)ironandsteal16.ByBritainhadbuiltupabigempire"onwhichthesunneverset".A)1839B)1799C)1900D)190517.TheLaborPartyhaditsoriginsin__,whichwasformedin1893andledbyKinHardin.A)theLaborRepresentationCommitteeB)theIndependentLaborPartyC)theConservativePartyD)theTradesUnionCongress18.isoftenreferredtoasthe"SiliconGlen"inBritain.A)TheareabetweenLondonandSouthWalesB)LiverpoolandMerseysideRegionC)TheareabetweenGlasgowandEdinburghD)TheCambridgeareasofEastAnglia19.ThemaintextileproducingregionofBritainarethefollowingexceptA)YorkshireB)NorthernIrelandC)WestMidlandsD)Humberside20.AnoutstandingfeatureofBritisheconomicrecoveryinthe1803wasits.A)inflationB)lengthC)unemploymentD)privatization21.Naturalgaswasdiscoveredin1965andoilin1970underA)theAtlanticOceanB)theNorthSeaC)theEnglishChannelD)thePacificOcean22.Themonarchyistheoldestinstitutionofgovernment,goingbacktoatleastA)the9thcenturyB)the8thcenturyC)1649D)168923.ThemainfunctionsofParliamentarefollowingexceptA)topasslawsB)todebatethemajorissuesofthedayC)toadvisetheSovereigntoapprovecertaingovernmentdecreesD)toexaminegovernmentpolicyandadministration24.ThebeginningoftheSecondCivilWarinEnglandwastheyearA)1645B)1646C)1647D)164825.TheHouseofCommonsiselectedbyuniversaladultsuffrageandconsistsofmembersofParliament.A)524B)651C)336D)61026.arethetwomajorpoliticalpartiesinBritaintoday.A)TheLaborPartyandtheConservationPartyB)TheConservationPartyandtheLiberalPartyC)TheLiberalPartyandtheRepublicansD)TheLiberalPartyandtheLaborParty27.AppealsincriminalcasesinEnglishandWalescanbeheardbythefollowingcourtsexceptA)theCourtofAppealB)theMagistrateCourtC)theCrownCourtD)theHighCourt28.TheHighCourthas3divisions,whichistheexceptA)FamilyDivisionB)CommercialDivisionC)ChanceryDivisionD)Queen'sBenchDivision29.London'sMetropolitanPoliceForceisdirectlyunderthecontrolofA)theLordChancellorB)theHomeSecretaryC)thePrimeMinisterD)theMinistryofDefence30.istheultimatecourtofappealincivilcasesofU.K.A)TheHouseofCommonsB)TheCourtofApealC)TheHighCourtD)TheHouseofLords31.ofthefollowingisnotthenon-contributorySocialSecuritybenefits.A)WarpensionsB)Maternityallowanceandwidow'sbenefitC)ChildbenefitD)Familycredit32.ThereligionsleaderoftheChurchofEnglandisA)ArchbishopofCanterburyB)ArchbishopofYorkC)LordchancellorD)Queen33.Educationiscompulsoryforallbetweentheagesofand__inGreatBritainexceptinNorthernIreland.A)5,18B)4,18C)5,16D)4,1634.Nationalnewspapersarepopularlydividedinto3groups,istheexception.A)qualitypapersB)popularpapersC)SundaypapersD)mid-marketpapers.35.TheState-runBBCisfinancedfromtheA)commercialB)thesaleofTVsetC)thepublicfundingD)thesaleofTVlicenses36.isthemostpopularsportinEnglandaswellasinEurope.A)FootballB)CricketC)HorseracingD)Snooker37.UndertheoldSelectiveSystem,Englishchildrenwhohavemarksinthe"elevenplus"examinationgoontoA)grammarschoolsB)publicschoolC)technicalschoolsD)secondarymodernschools38.ThePuritanswereoriginallyanextremesect.A)CatholicB)JewishC)OrthodoxD)Protestant39.ChristianitywasintroducedintoBritainbyA)theAnglo-SaxonsB)theCeltsC)theRomansD)theNorman-French40.AboutpercentofthestatesecondaryschoolpopulationinGreatBritainattendcomprehensiveschools.A)60B)70C)80D)9041.istheofficialnameoftheUnitedKingdom.A)GreatBritainB)TheBritainIslesC)EnglandD)TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland42.TherearethreepoliticaldivisionsontheislandofGreatBritain,A)EnglandB)WalesC)NorthernIrelandD)Scotland43.BritainissurroundedbytheseawhichliesinthenorthAtlanticOceanoffofEurope.A)thesouthcoastB)thewestcoastC)theeastcoastD)thenorthcoast44.ThecommonestEnglishname"Smith"comesfromthename"Schmidt".A)GermanB)FranceC)SpainD)Gaelic45.broughtthenewreligion,ChristianitytoBritain.A)TheAnglo-SaxonsB)TheRomansC)TheNormansD)TheCelts46.WhentheNorthumbrianssubmittedtotheKingEgbertandtookhimfortheirmasterin829actuallybecameanoverlordofalltheEnglish.A)OffaB)EgbertC)KentD)William47.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueabouttheAnglo-Saxons?A)TheydividedthecountryintocountiesB)Theydividedthenarrow-trip3-fieldfarmingsystemC)TheyestablishedthemanorialsystemD)TheylaidthefoundationoftheEnglish48.TheCanterburyTales,whichdescribesagroupoftravelingintoCanterburytovisitThomasBacker'stomb.A)ProtestantsB)CatholicsC)PilgrimsD)Puritans49.TheHundredYear'sWarisgiventotheintermittentwarbetweenandthatlastedfrom1337to1453.A)France…EnglandB)theU.S…BritainC)Germany…EnglandD)French…Germany50.By1453wastheonlypartofFrancethatwasstillinthehandsoftheEnglish.A)SlugsB)FlandersC)PoitonD)Calais51.ThenameWarsoftheRoseswascoinedbythegreat19thcenturynovelistA)SirWalterScottB)BenJonsonC)EdmundSpenserD)ChristopherMarlowe52.ThreeofthefollowingwerecharacteristicoftheElizabethanage.Whichistheexception?__A)Protestantismgraduallybecamethedominantfaith.B)QueenElizabethadvocatedtheDivineRightandquarreledwithParliament.C)Thiswastheageoftheadventureonthesea.D)ThiswastheageofliteraturewhenShakespearelivedandwhenEnglishliteratureblossomed.53.TheRenaissancebeganinintheearly14thcentury.A)BritainB)GreeceC)ItalyD)France54.TheEnglishRenaissancewaslargelyA)politicalB)economicalC)socialD)literary55.greatlyinfluencedtheearlyworksofShakespeare.A)MarloweB)JohnDonneC)RogerAschamD)FrancisBacon56.ThemostfamousoftheCatholicconspiracieswastheGunpowderplotof.A)1742B)1605C)1615D)161157.wascondemnedtodeathandexecutedonascaffoldoutsidethewindowsoftheBanquetingHouseatWhitehallonJanuary30,1649.A)JamesIB)CharlesIC)JamesVID)CharlesVI58.isgenerallyregardedasthebeginningofmodemworldhistory.A)TheEnglishCivilWarB)TheRenaissanceC)TheEnglishReformationD)TheWarsofRoses59.IntheParliamentActwaspassed,severelylimitingthepowerofthelordsandestablishingtheCommonsastheSupremelegislativebody.A)1910B)1911C)1912D)191360.TherearemainlyfanningtypesinBritain.Andmostarerearedinfactoryfanning.A)5,sheepB)6,sheepC)5,chickensD)6,chickens61.Britishmotorindustryisnowdominatedbyfourfirmswhichistheexception?A)FordB)PeugeotC)theRovergroupD)Volkswagen62.Britainisthelargesttradingnationintheworld.A)fifthB)firstC)thirdD)fourth63.AGeneralElectiontakesplaceatleastyearsandMPsareelected.A)3,650B)4,651C)5,651D)6,65064.TheBritainParliamentconsistsofthreepartsexceptA)theSovereignB)theCabinetC)theHouseofLordsD)theHouseofCommons65.SuccessiontothethroneisfoundedontheinBritain.A)hereditaryprincipleB)CommonLawC)StatuteLawD)Conventions66.TheU.Kisastate.A)republicB)federalC)unitaryD)noneofabove67.TheNationalHealthServicewasestablishedintheU.KinA)1928B)1938C)1948D)195868.Nearlyaofgovernmentexpenditureisdevotedtothesocialsecurityprograrm.A)1/2B)l/3C)1/4D)l/569.ExceptthatmaynotbeaRomanCatholic,publicofficesareopenwithoutdistinctiontomemberofallchurchesorofnone.A)theLordChancellorB)thePrimeMinisterC)theHomeSecretaryD)theAttorneyGeneral70.isnottheChristianfestival.A)ChristmasB)GoodFridayC)EasterD)WhitSunday71.UnestablishedchurchesinBritainincludeA)theAnglicanchurchesB)theFreechurchesC)theRomanCatholicchurchD)alloftheabove72.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothepopularpapers?A)TheTimesB)TheGuardianC)TheDailyTelegraphD)TheDailyExpress73.TheChartistMovementwasthefirstnation-wide__anddrewattentiontoseriousproblems.A)farmers'movement.B)trader'smovementC)literaturecampaignD)workingclassmovement.74.wasthefirstkingtobringallIrelandunderEnglishcontrol.A)HenryIIB)JamesVIC)HenryD)JamesI75.isthechiefChristianfestival.A)EasterB)ChristmasC)NewYear'sDayD)GuyFawkesDay76.TheQueenisthecentreofmuchofA)thenation'sceremonialB)theancienttraditionC)theleaderofsocietyD)alloftheabove77.TheThatchergovernmentadoptedaneconomicprogrammeknownas""A)KeynesianismB)MonetarismC)Medium-termFinancialStrategyD)Long-termFinancialStrategy78.TheNormanConquestreferstotheConquestofEnglandbytheNormansunderin.A)WilliamofOrange/1660B)WilliamofNormandy/1066C)WilliamtheConqueror/1660D)WilliamIII/106679.InEnglandandWales__recommendstheHighCourtandcircuitjudges.A)theSecretaryofState.B)theHomeSecretary.C)theAttorneyGeneral.D)theLordChancellor.80.WhichofthefollowingisatragedywrittenbyShakespeare?A)TwelfthNightB)Othello.C)TheTempestD)RichardII81.isamountainchainknowasthe"BackboneofNorthernEngland''.A)ThePenniesB)BenNevisC)ScafellD)Noneofabove82.ThelargestlakeinBritainisLonghNeagh,itislocatedinA)EnglandB)ScotlandC)NorthernIrelandD)Wales83.partofBritainhasthemostrainfall.A)ThenorthwesternB)ThesoutheasternC)ThewesternD)Theeastern84.ThemostimportanthistoricalmonumentlefttousbytheancientIberianswas.A)moundB)StonehengeC)strongholdD)theHadrian'sWall85.ThesuccessfulRomaninvasionofBritainhappenedinA.D.A)25B)35C)45D)4386.Beginningfromthemid-5thcentury,thethreemostpowerfultribescametoBritainexcept.A)AnglesB)SaxonsC)CeltsD)Jutes87.WilliamIreplacedtheWitan,thecounciloftheAnglo-SaxonsKings,withA)theGrandCouncilB)theGreatCouncilC)thePrivateCouncilD)thePrivyCouncil88.TheCanterburyTaleswaswrittenbyA)GeoffreyB)T.S.EliotC)SirThomasWyattD)SirThomasMore89.EnglishParliamentbegantocomeintobeinginthecentury.A)11thB)12thC)13thD)14th90.TheendoftheWarsoftheRosesin1485markedthebeginningoftheDynasty.A)PlantagenetB)TudorC)AngevinD)noneofabove91.TheActofunionintheyear1707unitedandA)England,WalesB)Wales,ScotlandC)England,ScotlandD)Scotland,NorthernIreland92.ThemostfamousoftheCatholicConspiraciesagainstKingwastheGunpowderPlotin.A)JamesI,1603B)CharlesI,1603C)CharlesI,1605D)JamesI,160593.TheprotestantReformationinEnglandwasledbyKing.A)HenryVIIIB)HenryVIIC)EdwardVID)HenryII94.wasthefirstcountryoftheworldinwhichtheIndustrialRevolutiontookplace.A)FranceB)BritainC)GermanyD)theU.S.A.95.TheChartistMovementendedintheyearA)1830B)1848C)1832D)185196.InBritainonly__ofthepopulationarefarmersbuttheymanageofthelandarea.A)3%,70%B)4%,72%C)5%,68%D)6%,74%97.TherearefarmingtypesinBritain.A)4B)5C)6D)898.TheBritainConstitutionismadeupofthreelawsexceptA)StatutelawB)LandlawC)CommonlawD)Conventions99.TheConstitutionalmonarchyhasbeenestablishedinBritainsinceA)theGloriousRevolutionof1688B)theChristMovementC)theWarsoftheRosesD)theHundredYearsWar100.TherealsourceofpowerinParliamentisA)theHouseofLordsB)theHouseofCommonsC)theCabinetD)theKingofQueenII.Giveanone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.1.WhoistheancestoroftheEnglish?2.WhendidEnglandbegintobeChristianized?3.WhatwassignedbyKingJohnin1215?4.WhatmarkedthebeginningoftheTudorDynasty?5.WhatistheLloyd's?6.WhatdoestheCabinetconsistof?7.Whatisthejury'sjob?8.WhatfestivalisthegreatestinBritain?9.WhichsportisregardedastypicallyEnglish?10.WhoestablishedcompletelythefeudalsysteminEngland?11.WhatisthelargestlakeinBritain?12.WhocreatedtheWitan,thebasisofthePrivycouncil?13.WhenwastheGreatChartersignedbyKingJohn?14.WherewereoilandnaturalgasfoundinBritain?15.WhatarethetwomajorPartiesinBritain?16.WhendidtheconstitutionalmonarchybegininBritain?17.WhichtypesofcriminalProcedurehasinScotland?18.WhatisthelargestsingleemployeroflaborinU.K?19.Atwhatagedomenandwomengenerallyretire?21.WhatisthelongestriverinBritain?22.WhatisthehighestmountaininBritain?23.WhatwerethefirstknownsettlersofBritain?24.WhatweretheVikings?25.WhatwasthetransitionalPeriodbetweentheMiddleAgesandModerntimes?26.WhatwasthePuritanism?27.WhatwerethetwoeventswhichmostalarmedtheBritainrulingclassesintheclosingdecadesofthe18thcentury?28.WhatwerethethreeperiodoftheevolutionoftheBritisheconomysincetheWWⅡ?29.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheHouseofLords?30.WhatagencyisthemostimportantnewsagencyinBritain?31.Whatarethreepoliticaldivisionsontheislandof32.WhatistheofficialnameoftheU.K.?33.WhendidthepeasantuprisinghappenintheU.K?34.WhatistheEnglishCivilWaralsocalled?35.WhichtwogroupsweretheChartistsdividedinto?36.WhatwasKeynesianism?37.WhoarethemembersoftheHouseofLords?38.WhatarethecommonfeaturesofallsystemsoflawinBritain?39.WhatisthemostimportantestablishedchurchinBritain?40.Whereisthehomeofgolf?41.WhichpartofBritainisalwaysfighting?42.WhattypeofclimatedoesBritainhas?43.WhowasthefirstChristianEmperor?44.WhosegravebecameaplaceofPilgrimageinandbeyondChaucer'stimeafterhewasmurdered?45.WhatdidJamesIandhissonCharlesIbothbelievedfirmlyin?46.WherearethemaintextileproducingregionsinBritain?47.HowistheBBCradiofinanced?48.WhatisthemostfamousartfestivalinBritain?49.WhataretheChristianfestivalsinBritain?50.WhatistheCharacteroftheScots?51.Whataretheprincipalnon-ChristiancommunitiesinBritain?52.WhowasthefirstArchbishopofCanterbury?53.WhenwasParliamentborninEngland?54.WhowasthefirstPrinceofWalesinEnglishhistory?55.WhatweretheHundredYear’sWar?56.WhowasthegreatesthumanistsinEnglishhistory?57.Whowrotetheclassicalwork"Utopia“?58.WhowasthefirstprimeministerinEnglishhistory?59.Whenwasthecabinetsystemofgovernmentcreated?60.WhoisthefirstfemaleprimeministerinEnglishhistory?基本技能Questionsfordiscussion：1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheRomaninvasionofBritain?2.HowwastheBritishEmpireestablishedinthe19thCentury?3.WhatmeasuresdidtheThatchergovernmenttaketoimprovethenation'seconomy?4.WhatarethePeriodsoftheevolutionofBritisheconomysincetheSecondWorldWar?5.WhatmadetheBeatlessodifferentfromotherpopgroups?6.WhyandhowdidtheReformationhappeninEngland?7.WhatdoyouknowaboutthenatureandconsequencesoftheWarsoftheRoses?8.WhatdoyouknowaboutStateSchoolsandpublicschoolsintheUnitedKingdom?9.HowdoesageneralelectiontakeplaceinBritain?10.WhataretheconsequencesoftheNormanConquest?11.WhatdoyouknowaboutHenryⅡ?12.WhatarethemaincontentsofMagnaCarta?13.WhatdoyouknowaboutHenryVII?14.HowdidElizabethIdealwiththereligiousproblemwhenshebecameQueenofEngland?15.WhataretheHistoricSignificanceoftheBourgeoisRevolution?Keys:基本知識(shí)Ⅱ.1.TheAnglo-SaxonsistheancestoroftheEnglish.2.EnglandbegantobeChristianizedintheyearof597.3.TheGreatCharterwassignedbyKingJohnin1215.4.TheendoftheWarofRosesin1485markedthebeginningoftheTudorDynasty.5.TheLloyd'sreferstoafamousinsurancecompanyinBritain.6.Thecabinetconsistsofusually20mostseniorministers.7.Incriminaleases,thejurydecidestheissuesofguiltorinnocence.8.ChristmasDayisthegreatestChristianfestival.9.CricketisthemosttypicallyEnglishsport.10.WilliamestablishedcompletelythefeudalsysteminEngland.11.TheLaughNeaghisthelargestlakeinBritain.12.TheAnglo-SaxonscreatedtheWitan.13.TheGreatCharterwassignedbyKingJohnin1215.14.OilandnaturalgasarefoundundertheNorthSeainBritain.15.TheLaborPartyandtheConservativePartyarethetwomajorpartiesinBritain.16.TheConstitutionalmonarchybeganin1689whenKingWilliamandQueenMaryacceptedtheBillofRights.17.ThereareSolemnProcedureandSummaryProcedureinScotland.18.TheNationalHealthServiceisthelargestsingleemployeroflaborinU.K.19.Generally,menretireattheageof65andwomenattheageof60.20.CricketisregardedastypicallyinEnglish.21.TheSevernRiveristhelongestriverinBritain.22.Ben