全國卷2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit4Pygmalion課時作業(yè)新人教版選修8doc

Unit4PygmalionⅠ.閱讀理解ADoPeru'spotatoeshavetherightstuff?That'sthequestionscientistswillbeaskinginLimanextmonth,whenaselectionofpotatoeswillbeginundergoingteststodeterminewhethertheyarefittogrowonMars.NASA,theUSspaceagency,isconductingthepioneeringexperimenttogetherwithLima'sInternationalPotatoCenter.TheywillcultivateahundredselectedvarietiesinMars-likeconditionsthatcouldeventuallypavethewayforbuildingadomeontheRedPlanetforfarmingthevegetable.Oftheselectedcandidates,40arenativetotheAndesMountains,conditionedtogrowindifferentecologicalzones,canstandsuddenclimatechangesandreproduceinrockyareas.Theother60areimprovedvarieties,abletosurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.Theyarealsoimmunetoviruses.Thosethatpassthetestsmustmeetafinalcriterion—theymustbeablenotonlytogrowwellonMarsbutalsoreproduceinlargequantities.“We'realmost100percentcertainthatmanyoftheselectedpotatoeswillpassthetests，”saidJulioValdiviaSilva,aPeruvianNASAastrobiologist(太空生物學(xué)家)whoistakingpartintheambitiousproject.Thescientistsplantotransport100kilosofsoiltoalabinLimathatwillsimulatethecomplexMartianatmosphere—whichcontainsmostlycarbondioxide—andexposeittoextremeultraviolet(紫外線的)radiation.Ifthevarietiesselectedfornextmonth'sexperimentdon'tadapttothedesertsoil,theresearcherswillintroducenutrients,whichwillbeprovidedbyradiation.Infutureyears,NASAplanstobuildaMarsresearchcenterinthePeruviandesert.ItwouldcreateaperfectcopyoftheMartianlandscapeandatmosphereforfutureresearchintospacefarmingthatcouldservemannedmissionstoMarsandotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.[語篇解讀]本文為一篇新聞報道。美國國家航空航天局(NASA)將與國際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進行一項首創(chuàng)性實驗。1．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TransportpotatoestoPeruB．DeterminethevarietiesofpotatoesinPeruC．NASAistobuildaMarsresearchcenterinPeruD．NASAistosimulategrowingpotatoesonMarsinPeru解析：標題概括題。通讀文章可知美國國家航空航天局(NASA)計劃與國際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進行一項首創(chuàng)性實驗，即在秘魯培養(yǎng)可在火星上栽種的土豆。故答案為D項。答案：D2．Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Fortykindsofpotatoescansurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.B．ManytypesofpotatoestobeplantedonMarsaredevelopedinPeru.C．SixtyvarietiesnativetotheAndesMountainscanstandsuddenclimatechanges.D．Thefinalcriterionisthatallthecandidatesareimmunetovirusesontheearth.解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“TheywillcultivateahundredselectedvarietiesinMars-likeconditionsthatcouldeventuallypavethewayforbuildingadomeontheRedPlanetforfarmingthevegetable.可知B項正”確。依據(jù)第三段中的“Theother60areimprovedvarieties，abletosurvivewithlittlewaterandsalt.可排”除A項；依據(jù)第三段中的“Oftheselectedcandidates,40arenativetotheAndesMountains，conditionedtogrowindifferentecologicalzones，canstandsuddenclimatechangesandreproduceinrockyareas.可排”除C項；依據(jù)第三段中的“Thosethatpassthetestsmustmeetafinalcriterion—theymustbeablenotonlytogrowwellonMarsbutalsoreproduceinlargequantities.可排”除D項。答案：B3．Whatiftheselectedvarietiesdon'tadapttothedesertsoilinPeru?A．Astrobiologistswillbesenttheretohelp.B．Nutrientswillbeprovidedtoplantsbyradiation.C．AMarsresearchcenterwillbebuiltforfurtherstudy.D．100morekilosofpotatoeswillbedirectlysenttoLima.解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最后一句

“Ifthevarietiesselectedfornextmonth'sexperimentdon'tadapttothedesertsoil

，theresearcherswillintroducenutrients，whichwillbeprovidedbyradiation.

可知答案”為

B項。答案：B4．ThepassagemaybeintheA．scienceC．tourism

columnofB．sportsD．entertainment

ChinaDaily.解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹的是美國國家航空航天局(NASA)將與國際馬鈴薯研究中心攜手，進行一項首創(chuàng)性實驗，屬于科普類文章，故答案為A項。答案：ABSomepeoplecallitatravelingmuseum.Othersrefertoitasalivingoropen-airmuseum.BuiltinBraziltohonorColumbus'firstvoyagetotheNewWorld,theNina,aColumbus-erareplica(復(fù)制品)ship,providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteshipfromover500yearsago.IjoinedthecrewoftheNinainGulfShores,Alabama,inFebruary2013.Aspartofaresearchprojectsponsoredbymyuniversity,mygoalwastodocumentmydaysaboardtheshipinablog.IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool-agechildren.Thefield-triptouroftheNinaishands-onlearningatitsbest.Inthissetting,studentscouldtouchtheline,passaroundaballaststone(壓艙石),andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus'days.Theysooncametounderstandthelaborinvolvedinsailingtheshipbackinhistime.Iwaspleasedtoseethestudentsbecomeactiveparticipantsintheirlearningprocess.TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseumthatprovidessuchfieldtrips.AvisittoJamestownSettlement,forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlersfromEnglandtoVirginiaintheearly1600s.Historicalguides,dressedinperiodcostumes,givetoursoftheSusanConstant,Godspeed,andDiscovery.Theseguidesoftenportrayacharacterthatwouldhavelivedandworkedduringthattimeperiod.Studentstouringtheseshipsareencouragedtointeractwiththeguidesinordertobetterunderstandthedailylifeinthepast.MyexperienceontheNinahelpstestify(證明)mylong-heldbeliefthatstudentsstayinterested,askbetterquestions,andengage(參與)inhigher-orderthinkingtaskswhentheyareactivelyengagedinthelearningprocess.ThestudentswhoboardedtheNinacameaspassivelearners.Theyleftasboldexplorers.[語篇解讀]本文介紹了哥倫布航海時的航船的復(fù)制品Nina，它是一個開放的博物館。學(xué)生參觀這一特其他博物館能夠踴躍主動參加學(xué)習(xí)。5．Whatoccupationistheauthorengagedin?A．Shipping.B．Education.C．Ecologicaltourism.D．Museumadministration.解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)第二段的第三句“IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetours可知，作者在給學(xué)齡少兒介紹相關(guān)航船復(fù)制品Nina

toschool-agechildren.的歷史知識；據(jù)此能夠判斷，

”作者從事的是教育行業(yè)，故

B項正確。答案：B6．WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheNinaintroducedinthepassage?A．SheisareplicaofashipthatColumbusbuiltinBrazil.B．Sheisalwayscrowdedwithforeigntouristsduringholidays.C．SheistheboatColumbussailedinhisvoyagetotheNewWorld.D．ShedisplayswhatColumbus'shipwaslikeandhowitoperated.解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus'favoriteship可知，Nina為人們供給了哥倫布的航船的原貌；依據(jù)第二段的“Inthissetting，studentscouldtouchtheline，passaroundaballaststone(壓艙石)，andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus'days.”可知，Nina還供給了怎樣操作該航船的方法，故D項正確。

”答案：D7．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Guidelinesforvisitorsontheships.B．LifeofthefirstsettlersinJamestownSettlement.C．DutiesoftheguidesintheBritishmuseums.D．IntroductiontoanothermuseumsimilartotheNina.解析：段落馬虎題。依據(jù)第三段的“TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseum...AvisittoJamestownSettlement，forexample，allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlers可知，第三段主要介紹了另一個與Nina近似的航行博物館，故D項正確。

”答案：D8．Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelasttwosentencesofthepassage?A．Thestudentsareinterestedinbecomingtourguides.B．Theexperiencehaschangedthestudents'learningattitude.C．Thestudentsbecomebraveandarereadytosailtheseasontheirown.D．Themuseumsaresuccessfulinteachingthestudentssurvivalskillsatsea.解析：句義猜想題。依據(jù)文章最后兩句可知，登上了哥倫布航船復(fù)制品Nina的學(xué)生由被支學(xué)習(xí)變?yōu)榱酥R的英勇探究者。據(jù)此能夠判斷，最后兩句意在說明，這類旅游改變了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度，故B項正確。答案：BⅠ.完形填空Therewasonceawidowwhohadtwodaughters.The1widowlovedtheelderwhowaslikeherselfbothinlooksandpersonality,butdidn'tlovetheother,whoresembledher2，althoughshewasprettyandfriendly.Theyoungerdaughterhadto3hardalldayandliveupontheleftoversofhereldersister.Amongherother4jobs,shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday5.Oneday6shehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain，anoldtremblingwomanaskedherforadrinkofwater.Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman，she7.Now,allofasudden,therewasnooldtremblingwomanbuta(n)8whorewardedgooddeedsbeforeher.“Yourfaceispretty9yourheartisgentle，”saidshe.“Foryourkindness,Iwillmakeyouagift.Everytimeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallcomeaflowerorajewel.”Whenthegirlreachedhome，herillmother10herforherlongabsence.“Pardonmeforbeingawaysolong，”shereplied.Asshespokesomepearlsanddiamondsdroppedfromher11.“WhatisthisIsee,child？”askedthe12widow.Thepoorgirlwassohappytobe13childbyhermotherthatsheeagerlytoldhermotherabouther14withtheoldwomanatthefountain.Thewidowimmediately15herfavoritedaughtertodoasthe16girlhaddone.Whentheimpatientgirlwasfillingthepotwithwateratthe17，abeautifulladyappearedand18adrinkofwaterfromthegirl.“Ihavenotcomeheretoserveyou，”she19replied.Thelady,whowasthefairy,said，“Iwillmakeyouagiftto20yourrudeness.Everytimeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallcomeasnakeoratoad(蟾蜍)．”[語篇解讀]本文主要表達了兩個性格和表面不同樣的姐妹對賞賜別人幫助的不同樣反響及她們獲得的相應(yīng)的結(jié)果，彰顯了善有善報的道理。1．A.good-temperedB．bad-temperedC．kindD．beautiful解析：依據(jù)下文中的“herillmother并結(jié)”合下文她訓(xùn)誡小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。答案：B2．A.daughterB．teacherC．motherD．father解析：依據(jù)語境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself形”成比較。小女兒不像她而是像父親。答案：D3．A.complainB．playC．work

D．study解析：依據(jù)下文中的“Amongherother4jobs，shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday5.”結(jié)歸并“l(fā)iveupontheleftoversofhereldersister可推”知，小女兒每日要做很多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。答案：C4．A.easyB．hardC．interestingD．boring解析：依據(jù)上文中的“Theyoungerdaughterhadto

3

hardallday

可”推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。答案：B5．A.withinreachC．withouthesitation

B．witheaseD．fromagreatdistance解析：依據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過得很困難。由“shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday可推”知，小女兒還得每日從很遠的地方擔(dān)水，這與其困難的生活狀況響應(yīng)。答案：D6．A.whenC．once

B．whileD．before解析：此處應(yīng)用

when

指引定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語，修飾先行詞Oneday。答案：A7．A.hesitatedB．a(chǎn)greedC．leftD．a(chǎn)rgued解析：依據(jù)空前的“Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman

可推”知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老太婆的懇求。答案：B8．A.boyB．oldwomanC．oldmanD．fairy解析：依據(jù)下文的“Thelady，whowasthefairy

可”推知，老太婆是仙女變過來的。答案：D9．A.althoughB．butC．whileD．a(chǎn)nd解析：依據(jù)語境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)選D。答案：D10．A.scoldedB．praisedC．thankedD．forgave解析：與“herillmother和“”herlongabsence呼”應(yīng)并聯(lián)合下文小女兒的致歉可知，此處表示小女兒遇到母親的訓(xùn)誡。答案：A11．A.waist

B．hairC．lips

D．hands解析：依據(jù)上文中的“Everytimeyouspeak，fromyourmouthshallcomeaflowerorajewel.可”知，小女兒此后說話會口吐花兒或許寶石，應(yīng)選C。lip嘴“唇”，符合語境。答案：C12．A.amusedC．a(chǎn)stonished

B．interestedD．frightened解析：小女兒忽然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親身然很驚訝。astonished“吃驚的”。答案：C13．A.awardedB．calledC．showedD．taught解析：依據(jù)上文中的“WhatisthisIsee，child可”推知，寡婦很震撼，對小女兒的態(tài)度忽然轉(zhuǎn)變，輕柔了很多，稱她為“孩子”。答案：B14．A.difficultyB．thoughtC．experimentD．experience解析：小女兒急迫地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。答案：D15．A.advisedB．gotC．forcedD．invited解析：getsb.todosth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語境。答案：B16．A.slimB．tallC．elderD．poor解析：與上文中的“Thepoorgirl響應(yīng)”可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。答案：D17．A.riverC．fountain解析：與上文中的“Oneday

6

B．poolD．wellshehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain

”響應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也到達噴泉那里。答案：C18．A.askedforB．a(chǎn)skedofC．a(chǎn)skedaboutD．a(chǎn)skedafter解析：與上文中的“anoldtremblingwomanaskedherforadrinkofwater

”響應(yīng)可推知，一個美麗的女士向大女兒討水喝。答案：A19．A.rudely

B．jokinglyC．proudly

D．hurriedly解析：與下文中的“yourrudeness呼”應(yīng)可推知，當(dāng)時大女兒舉止很魯莽，與上文的“theimpatientgirl響應(yīng)，”應(yīng)選A。答案：A20．A.deserveC．equal

B．faceD．repay解析：聯(lián)合語境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的魯莽相般配的禮品。equal“比得上”。答案：CⅠ.短文改錯TheAmericanTVshowTheVoiceisoneofmymostfavoriteamusementshows