高中英語語法主謂一致課件

主謂一致的概念：主語和其謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。主謂一致分為三種情況：語法一致內(nèi)容一致就近一致主謂“三”一致

不定代詞someone,everyone,anyone,something等做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)

例如；nothingisserious.

語法一致語法一致數(shù)詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；但如果是表示加減乘除時，謂語動詞用單復(fù)均可Nineisoddnumber.Threetimesfiveis/are15.(1)如果主語后面跟有with、togetherwith,alongwith,but,except,like,inadditionto,including,besides,aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan等短語再加一個名詞時，謂語動詞仍與主語（第一個詞）保持一致。如：Alibrarytogetherwith5000bookswas

giventoourschoolasagift.Mr.JohnsonaswellashiswifeandchildrenisvisitingtheGreatWallnow.AllbutTomhavegonetothecinema.語法一致(2)用and連接的并列主語，如果主語是同一個人、同一事物或同意概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Ateacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusaspeech.Breadandbutterisusuallymybreakfast.Theprofessorandscientisthasalreadycome.Ateacherandawriterareintheoffice.語法一致(3)不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：TolearnEnglishwell

takeseffort.Servingthepeople

ismygreathappiness.Whenwe’llgoforanouting

hasnotbeendecidedyet.HowhecanspeaksogoodEnglish

interestsusall.語法一致(4)用and連接的并列主語被each，every，no或manya修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Eachboyandeachgirlhasbeengivenagift.Noteacherandnostudent

is

intheclassroom.Everypenandeverybook_____________(lay)onthedeskalready.Manyaboyandmanyagirl

is

interestedinherlesson.hasbeenlaid語法一致(5)eachof+復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語動用單數(shù)。

復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Eachofus

hassomethingtosay.Eachofthem

has

beengivenapieceofbread.Weeach

haveadictionary.Theyeach

have

donetheirwork.語法一致語法一致(6)none作主語，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)，但修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。

如：

Noneofus

are(is)

perfect.Noneofthesebooks

are(is)mine.Noneofhismoney

hasbeenfoundagain.Noneofthis

worriesme.語法一致(7)名詞如trousers,scissors,glasses,gloves,

等作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng)它們前面有apairof或onepairof修飾時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Mytrousersareblack.Hisglassesareexpensive.Apairoftrousersliesonmybed.Apairofglasseswasgiventomeasagift.語法一致(8)形復(fù)意單名詞如：news;以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞如：physics,mathematics,economics;國名如：theUnitedStates;報紙名如：theNewYorkTimes;書名如：ArabianNights《天方夜譚》；以及theUnitedNations等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。如：ArabianNights

isfullofinterestingstories.TheNewYorkTimes

isapopularreadingmaterialforstudents.Physics

ismyfavouritesubjects.語法一致(9)“a/an+名詞+andahalf”,

“oneandahalf+名詞”“thenumberof+名詞”

等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。如：Anappleandahalfisonthetable.Oneandahalfdayshaspassed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis63.語法一致(10)百分?jǐn)?shù)（或分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（或不可數(shù)名詞）謂語動詞用單數(shù)；百分?jǐn)?shù)（或分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Twentypercentofland

hasbeenturnedintoaplayground.Twothirdsoftheapple

isrotten.Sixtypercentoftheworkersinthefactoryarewomen.語法一致

Manya/an+n.+V(單數(shù)）+O.表示復(fù)數(shù)的意思，譯作“很多……”。如：Morethanone+n.單數(shù)+v單數(shù)表示復(fù)數(shù)的意思，譯作“不止一個……”。如：morethanonestudenthasbeenthere.manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.語法一致（12）A(large)

quantityof+N..A(large)

ammountof+N.(不可數(shù)名詞）+V(單三）

謂語動詞用單數(shù)，但是，

Largequantitiesof+N.(pl.oruc）+V(復(fù)數(shù)）Largeammountsof+N.(不可數(shù)名詞）+V(復(fù)數(shù)）謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Alargequantityofsugarhasbeenputintheboiledwater.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenwastedontheproject.AlaregeammountoftimehasbeenspentonEnglish.Largeammountsoftimehavebeensavedbythenewinvention.

語法一致

“Thiskindof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；

“復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ofthiskind”

作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Thiskindofapples

wasimportedfromAmerica.Applesofthiskind

wereimportedfromAmerica.語法一致(14)“A/An+單數(shù)名詞+ortwo”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；

“Oneortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：

Adayortwoisenoughforthiswork.Oneortwodaysareenoughforthiswork.Amanortwoistobesenttheretohelpthem.Oneortwomenaretobesenttheretohelpthem.語法一致（15）“Asetof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”及“Aseriesof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：

Aseriesofdebates

wasscheduledfortheweekend.Thesalesmantoldmethatagoodsetoftires

wasguaranteedtorunatleastfiftythousandmiles.語法一致(15)在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞的用復(fù)數(shù)；但如果one

前面有theonly

修飾時，定于從句的謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Maryisoneofthestudentsthathave

beeninvitedtosingattheconcert.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathasbeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.不定代詞all,most,some

等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于它們所指代的名詞的數(shù)。如：內(nèi)容一致內(nèi)容一致（2）”the+形容詞（或分詞）”指一類人，如：therich(富人),theliving(活著的人),thewounded(傷者）作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Therichareeagertohelpthepoor.

Thewoundedhavebeentakengoodcareof.Thelivinghavetocheerupandcontinuetolive.內(nèi)容一致(3)用and連接的成對名詞習(xí)慣上被看做一個整體時，如：breadandbutter(面包加黃油),knifeandfork(刀叉)等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：內(nèi)容一致（4）不定數(shù)量的詞組，如：a

partof,alotof,lotsof,plentyof

等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于它們所修飾的名詞。如：Apartofthetextbooks

havearrived.Apartoftheapple

hasbeeneatenupbythepig.Alotofpeople

havehearedthenews.Alofofmoney

hasbeenspentonthisproject.內(nèi)容一致(5)表示時間、金錢、距離、度量等的名詞作主語，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，它們作為一個單一的概念時，其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Onemilliondollarsisalotofmoney.Tenmilesisalongdistance.Twoyearsisenoughtolearnaforeignlanguage.內(nèi)容一致6.表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞people,cattle,clothes,police等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：yourclothesarebeautiful.Thepolicearelookingintothecase.內(nèi)容一致7.集體名詞family,team,group,class等作主語時，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的部分時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：myfamilyisasmallone,butmyfamilyarekind.內(nèi)容一致8.單復(fù)同形的名詞做主語時，謂語動詞根