2022-2023學(xué)年上海市寶山區(qū)高三一模英語試題

24/2525/25/寶山區(qū)2022學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末高三年級(jí)英語學(xué)科教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試卷(本試卷滿分140分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘)Ⅰ.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atalibrary.B.Atagarage.C.Atashop.D.Atahotel.2.A.Colleagues.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.D.Bossandsecretary.3.A.Theyareboring.B.Theyareinformative.C.Theyarehelpful.D.Theyareimpractical.4.A.Wearhissuit.B.Prepareforcoldweather.C.Dressinformally.D.Findoutwho’sgoingtotheparty.5.A.Hedoesn’tfeelqualifiedforit.B.He’dlikeahighersalary.C.He’scompletelysatisfiedwithit.D.He’dliketoworklessperweek.6.A.Hehasbadstudyhabits.B.Hesleepstoomuch.C.Hewakesuptooearly.D.He’satopstudent.7.A.Jointheclubhimself.B.Attendthenextclubmeeting.C.Persuadethemembernottoquit.D.Lookforsomeonetofilltheposition.8.A.Hernewglassesaren’tcomfortable.B.She’stoobusytogetaneyecheck-up.C.Shehastocheckwhentheappointmentis.D.Shedecidednottocancelherappointment.9.A.Annieshouldtrytoavoidgettingsick.B.HehasknownAnnie’sneighborformanyyears.C.Hedoesn’tknowmanycomposersofclassicalmusic.D.Anniemightspendalotofmoneyonclassicalmusic.10.A.Hehasjustrecoveredfromtheflu.B.Hewon’tbeabletogotothecinema.C.Hehasalreadyseenthefilmbefore.D.Hedoesn’tthinkthefilmisgood.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Students’needformoresleep.B.Students’eagernessforbreakfasttime.C.Students’loadsofhomework.D.Students’lackoflovingcare.12.A.Physical.B.Genetic.C.Mental.D.Emotional.13.A.Laterstarttime.B.Causesofsleeplessness.C.Reasonsforbeingtired.D.Publichealthissue.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Socialtraditions.B.students’pictures.C.Campusnewspapers.D.Teachingactivities.15.A.Becausestudentswhoproducethemareunpaid.B.Becauseyearbooksareexpensivetoprint.C.Becauseyearbooksaresimilartocampusnewspapers.D.Becausestudentsarenotinterestedinthem.16.A.Studentsknowingtheanswerwhencalleduponinclassarecalledcurls.B.“CorksandCurls”hasn’tstoppedpublishinguntilits120thanniversary.C.“CorksandCurls”isayearbooknameofTowsonD.“Curls”meanssomeonecurlingtheirtailinupset.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Becausesheindeedlikestotravelwithoutother’scompany.B.Becausesheistiredofalwaysbeingsurroundedbyothers.C.Becausesheisunwillingtobesurroundedwhiletraveling.D.Becauseshereallydoesn’twanttocompromiseinherlife.18.A.Languageanddanger.B.Germanandcustoms.C.Timeandnerves.D.Experienceandsurroundings.19.A.9.B.10.C.11.D.12.20.A.ShewouldchangeheroriginalideaandgotravelwithJohn.B.Shewouldgotravelingwithherfriendsaftertheconversation.C.Shewouldgiveupthetravelatpresentanddoitnextyear.D.Shewouldcontinueheroriginalplannomatterwhathappens.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RobandJaneareclassmatesatauniversity.Itisthebeginningofthesemesterandtimetobuybooksforvariousclasses.Theiruniversitynotonlymakespapertextbooksavailablebutalsooffersdigitaltextbookstoitsstudents.RobandJane____1____(talk)aboutwhichtypeofbooktheyprefer.Rob:IthinkI’mgoingtostudydigitallythisyear.Jane:Whatdoyoumean?Rob:Well,themajorityofthetextbooksIneedformyclasses____2____(offer)digitally.SoI’mgoingtobuyaccessinthatform.ThatwayIcanstudyonmycomputer,phoneore-reader.Thecontentisthesameasapapertextbook.Jane:Areyousure?I’veheardthatnotalltextbooksarecompatible(與……一致的)withallmediadevices.Ihadafriendlastyearwhohadsomeproblems____3____(access)herbooksoncertaindevices.Rob:Really?I’veneverheardthat.Thepeopleto____4____Italkedsaiditwassuperconvenient.Besides,mybudgetisverylimitedrightnow.Thedigitalformatcostslessthanhalfthepriceofthepapertextbook.Jane:True.Butattheendofthesemester,youcansellbackapapertextbook.Thatwayyoucanrecoversomeofyourmoney.Rob:Ialsohavetoworkmostdaysafterclass.____5____(study)digitallymeansIdon’tneedtocarryaroundabunchofheavybooks.Soitwouldbemuchmoreconvenientforme.Jane:Convenienceisn’t____6____.IfinditmucheasiertofocusonwhatI’mreadinginarealbook.It’salsoeasiertofollowalectureandturntothepagethat’sbeingdiscussed.Rob:Yes,butIcanaccessapagebysearchingforaword,soIcanfinditeasily.Jane:IfinditeasiertorecallinformationIwanttoremember____7____Imarkitinanactualbook.Rob:Butyoucandothat____8____digitalmaterial,too.Jane:Haveyoueverhadatextbookthatyouwantedtokeepforfuturereference?Youknowsometextbooksareonlyavailablethesemesteryoubuyit.Afterthat,youloseaccesstoit.Rob:Oh!I’llhavetolookinto____9____digitalbooksI’dhavepermanentaccessto,then.Jane:Youknow,Ialsoreadthatwhenpeoplereaddigitallytheircomprehensionisweaker.Peopleapparentlyreadfasteronascreen.Buttheydon’trememberdetailsas_____10_____(well)assomeonewhoreadsitonpaper.Rob:IguessI’llfindout.Anyway,I’mgoingtotryit.Jane:Letmeknowhowitworks.I’mstickingwithpaper.【答案】1.aretalking2.areoffered3.accessing4.whom5.Studying##Tostudy6.everything7.if##when8.with9.which##what10.well【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇對(duì)話。羅布和簡(jiǎn)是大學(xué)同學(xué)。這是新學(xué)期的開始，是購(gòu)買各種課程書籍的時(shí)候了。他們的大學(xué)不僅提供紙質(zhì)教科書，還為學(xué)生提供數(shù)字教科書。羅布和簡(jiǎn)正在談?wù)撍麄兏矚g哪種類型的書?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：羅布和簡(jiǎn)正在談?wù)撍麄兏矚g哪種類型的書。根據(jù)下文的對(duì)話可知，常常表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語為RobandJane，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填aretalking?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我上課需要的大部分課本都是數(shù)字化的。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為themajorityofthetextbooks，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填areoffered?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：去年，我有一個(gè)朋友在某些設(shè)備上訪問她的書時(shí)遇到了一些問題。短語haveproblemsdoingsth.表示“做某事有問題”，用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填accessing?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：和我交談過的人說這非常方便。分析句子可知，此處為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句修飾先行詞people，作介詞的賓語，指人，故用whom。故填whom。5題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)意味著我不需要帶著一堆沉重的書。此處作句子的主語，可用動(dòng)名詞或不定式，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Studying/Tostudy。【6題詳解】考查不定代詞。句意：方便并不代表一切。作表語，表示“一切”應(yīng)用不定代詞everything。故填everything?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)我在實(shí)際的書上做記號(hào)時(shí)/如果我在實(shí)際的書上做記號(hào)，我更容易回憶起我想記住的信息。此處可理解為條件狀語從句，表示“如果”應(yīng)用if；或理解為時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”用when。故填if/when?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但你也可以用數(shù)字材料做到這一點(diǎn)。后跟名詞作賓語，表示“用”應(yīng)用介詞with。故填with?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：那么，我得查一下我可以永久使用哪些/什么電子書。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中缺少books的定語，表示“哪些”或“什么”應(yīng)用which或what。故填which/what?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但他們不像那些在紙上閱讀的人那樣記住細(xì)節(jié)。修飾動(dòng)詞remember應(yīng)用副詞well。故填well。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.disturbingB.resourcesC.alteredD.effectiveE.recordedF.permanentlyG.speciallyH.machinesI.signifiedJ.accuratelyK.impossibleWhenanendangeredseabirdhitsapowerline,itmakesasound“verymuchlikethelasersoundfromStarWars,”saysconservationbiologistMarcTravers.Heshouldknow,ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProject___11___thousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds.TraverswastryingtohelpestablishhowfrequentlybirdsarekilledbypowerlinesontheislandofKauaiinHawaiiin2011.Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,acompanythatassistsconservationeffortswithAI___12___.ConservationMetricsusedaprogramto“l(fā)isten”totherecordingsandcountthesoundsthat___13___birdelectrocutions(電擊).Theresultwas___14___,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.Armedwithproofthatpowerlineswerekillingasignificantnumberofbirds,theteamworkedwiththelocalutility(公共事業(yè))servicetoreducebirddeaths.InsciencefictionstoriessuchasTheMatrix,AI-powered___15___takeovertheworldandendlifeontheplanetasweknowit.Butinreality,programsthatuseAItosortthroughmountainsofdatamightjustsavesomespeciesfromdisappearing___16___.Bymanymeasures,humanshavebeenpoormanagersoftheplanet.Humanshave___17___asmuchas97percentoflandecosystems.Keypopulationsofmonitoredanimalshavedeclinedasmuchas68percentsince1970.Thedeclineinbiodiversityaroundtheworldhascreatedahopelesssituation.Conservationeffortslackkeyresourcestheyneedtobe___18___.Fortunately,humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp.AIcanquicklyand___19___sortthroughlargeamountsofdatacreatedbyobservationsinthefield.ThenotherprogramssuchasPAWS(ProtectionAssistantforWildlifeSecurity)canhelpanalyzethedataandsuggestthemosteffectivewaystofocusconservationefforts.Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,illegalhuntersareadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall.Someanimalsareworthalotofmoneyontheblackmarket.Parkrangersareleftwitha(n)____20____taskbecausethereistoomuchlandtocover.ButthePAWSprogramallowsrangerstofocustheirefforts.PAWShasevenpredictedtheexistenceoftraplinesinareasnotyetcheckedbyrangers!Westillfacemanychallengestochangethelossofwildlife,butAI-poweredprogramspromisetobeapowerfulconservationtool.【答案】11.E12.B13.I14.A15.H16.F17.C18.D19.J20.K【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種以人工智能為載體保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的方式。【11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他應(yīng)該知道，因?yàn)樗臑l危海鳥恢復(fù)項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)錄制了數(shù)千小時(shí)的音頻，以確定電線是否影響了當(dāng)?shù)氐暮ｘB。分析句子成分可知，空處為as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)上下文可知，是在講過去的事情，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可；后文“Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,(他的團(tuán)隊(duì)錄制了600小時(shí)的音頻，并將錄音發(fā)送給ConservationMetrics公司，)”可知，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)是“錄制”了音頻，空處和后文recorded為原文復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的團(tuán)隊(duì)錄制了600小時(shí)的音頻，并將這些錄音發(fā)送到保護(hù)指標(biāo)公司，該公司利用人工智能資源協(xié)助保護(hù)工作。根據(jù)上文“Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,(他的團(tuán)隊(duì)錄制了600小時(shí)的音頻，并將錄音發(fā)送給ConservationMetrics公司，)”、下文“Armedwithproofthatpowerlineswerekillingasignificantnumberofbirds,theteamworkedwiththelocalutilityservicetoreducebirddeaths.(有了電線殺死大量鳥類的證據(jù)，該團(tuán)隊(duì)與當(dāng)?shù)毓檬聵I(yè)公司合作，以減少鳥類死亡。)”中提到的recordings“錄音”和proof“證據(jù)”可知，這些都屬于人工智能所提供的資源。B項(xiàng)“資源”符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：ConservationMetrics公司使用一個(gè)程序來“聽”錄音，并計(jì)算了表示鳥類觸電身亡的聲音。分析句子成分可知，此處是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞為thesounds，空處需要填從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)需要對(duì)應(yīng)全文為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；根據(jù)后文“Theresultwas___4___,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.(結(jié)果令人不安，因?yàn)橛|電的鳥類數(shù)量達(dá)到了數(shù)千只。)”可知，聲音是鳥觸電時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音。I項(xiàng)意為“表示”、“代表”，符合句意。故選I項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：結(jié)果令人不安，因?yàn)橛|電而死亡的鳥類數(shù)量達(dá)到了數(shù)千只。分析句子成分可知，空處需要填形容詞作表語，形容主語Theresult，而結(jié)合上文“thenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands(被電死的鳥的數(shù)量高達(dá)數(shù)千只。)”可知，結(jié)果是，被電死的鳥類數(shù)量巨大，這是非常令人不安的數(shù)據(jù)。A項(xiàng)“令人不安的”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在《黑客帝國(guó)》等科幻小說中，人工智能機(jī)器控制了世界，結(jié)束了我們所知的地球上的生命。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，人工智能本身是一種機(jī)器；句中謂語動(dòng)詞為takeover，故主語應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。H項(xiàng)machines“機(jī)器”符合句意和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。故選H項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，使用人工智能對(duì)海量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類的程序可能只是為了避免一些物種永久消失。分析句子成分可知，空處填副詞修飾空前disappearing。前文“InsciencefictionstoriessuchasTheMatrix,AI-poweredmachinestakeovertheworldandendlifeontheplanetasweknowit.(在《黑客帝國(guó)》等科幻小說中，人工智能機(jī)器控制了世界，結(jié)束了我們所知的地球上的生命。)”提到endlife“結(jié)束生命”，故空處也需要填副詞表示結(jié)束一些物種的生命。F項(xiàng)“永久地”符合句意，表示使這些物種滅絕。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：人類改變了多達(dá)97%的陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)后文“Keypopulationsofmonitoredanimalshavedeclinedasmuchas68percentsince1970.Thedeclineinbiodiversityaroundtheworldhascreatedahopelesssituation.(自1970年以來，受監(jiān)測(cè)的主要?jiǎng)游锓N群數(shù)量減少了68%。全球生物多樣性的下降已經(jīng)造成了一個(gè)絕望的局面。)”可知，人類的存在對(duì)陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了影響。C項(xiàng)“改變”符合句意，和“影響”的情感態(tài)度相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：保護(hù)工作缺乏有效的關(guān)鍵資源。分析句子成分可知，空處需要填形容詞作表語；D項(xiàng)“有效的”用于形容“關(guān)鍵資源”，符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：人工智能可以快速準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)產(chǎn)生的大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類。分析句子成分，空前有and并列了副詞quickly“快速地”，故空處也需要填一個(gè)副詞。J項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)確地”符合文意，表示人工智能對(duì)大數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類又快又準(zhǔn)。故選J項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：公園管理員面臨著一項(xiàng)不可能完成的任務(wù)，因?yàn)橐采w的土地太多了。分析句子，空前有不定冠詞，空后為名詞task“任務(wù)”，故空處需要填形容詞；結(jié)合后文“becausethereistoomuchlandtocover.(因?yàn)橐采w的土地太多了。)”可知，公園覆蓋的面積太大，管理員一個(gè)人無法完成這樣的挑戰(zhàn)，所以這是一個(gè)“不可能完成的任務(wù)”。K項(xiàng)“不可能的”符合句意。故選K項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Onlineartofallkindscanbeaccessedbyasmanypeopleasthehostingserverpermits.Butthereisa(n)___21___thatisallowingpeopletobuydigitalart.DigitalartthatissoldonlineisknownasanNFT,which___22___non-fungibletoken(非同質(zhì)化代幣).Non-fungiblemeansthattheitemcannotbe___23___byasimilaritem.Forexample,coinsandbillsarefungiblebecausetheyhaveasetvalueandareeasilyexchanged.___24___,tradingcardsarenon-fungiblebecausetheirworthvariesdependingonwhichcardyouhave.AnNFTcanbe___25___anythingdigital-songs,videos,imagesorevenasocialmediapost,oneofwhichsoldforalmostUSS3million!OthersmaybeabletoseethisNFT,orart,butonepersonislistedastheowneronablockchain-thatis,apublic___26___.BlockchainsarewellequippedtokeeptrackoftheownerofNFT.Infact,theyareusedtorecordallkindsofonline___27___.SomepeoplearedescribingNFTsasanonlineversionofcollectingfineart.Andcollectorsare___28___toputtheirmoneywheretheirmouthis,payingthousandsorevenmillionsofdollarsforNFTs.Aswithfineartcollecting,somepeopleseepurchasingNFTsasa(n)___29___,buyingartthattheyplantosellatahigherpricelater.Otherswanttheesteem(成就感)thatcomeswithowninganNFTmadebyafamous___30___.ButgiventhatacopyofanNFTisidenticaltothe___31___,thewisdomofpayingmassiveamountsofmoneyforonemayseem___32___.Ontheotherhand,thepopularityofNFTsis___33___goodnewsfortheartistswhocreatethem.UponsellingtheirworksasNFTs,artistsreceivemuchmorethanthesmallamountsofmoneytheygetwhensomeonestreamstheirvideo,forexample.SomeNFTsareevensetupsothateverytimeaworkchangeshands,thecreatorreceivesapercentageoftheprice.Thus,theartistcanbepaidforasingleNFTmanytimesover.___34___everyNFTisunique,thoughsomecreatorsproducemultipleverysimilarNFTssortoflikehowmultiplecopiesofanygiventradingcardexist).___35___willtellwhetherNFTartwillpayoffforcollectorsinthelongrun,butfornowit’sprovidingsomepeople-includingtheartistswithlargesumsofmoney.21.A.regulation B.art C.skill D.trend22.A.focuseson B.standsfor C.pointsto D.consistsin23.A.replaced B.produced C.released D.covered24.A.Inaword B.Inotherwords C.Incontrast D.Inconclusion25.A.practically B.extremely C.eventually D.constantly26.A.image B.database C.relationship D.benefit27.A.activities B.performances C.communications D.deals28.A.afraid B.eager C.willing D.doubtful29.A.amusement B.investment C.donation D.hobby30.A.creator B.craftsman C.official D.scientist31.A.critical B.moderate C.final D.original32.A.foolish B.intelligent C.questionable D.mysterious33.A.generally B.definitely C.consequently D.specifically34.A.Theoretically B.Objectively C.Honestly D.Strictly35.A.Standard B.Money C.Time D.Technology【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了生活中人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上購(gòu)買數(shù)字藝術(shù)品的一個(gè)趨勢(shì)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是有一個(gè)趨勢(shì)是允許人們購(gòu)買數(shù)字藝術(shù)品。A.regulation管理；規(guī)章；B.art藝術(shù)；C.skill技巧；D.trend趨勢(shì)。根據(jù)下文“allowingpeopletobuydigitalart”及“SomepeoplearedescribingNFTsasanonlineversionofcollectingfineart.”可知，這里指人們從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上購(gòu)買數(shù)字藝術(shù)品成為了趨勢(shì)。故選D。【22題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：在網(wǎng)上銷售的數(shù)字藝術(shù)品被稱為NFT，代表非同質(zhì)化代幣。A.focuseson集中于；B.standsfor代表；C.pointsto指向；D.consistsin組成。根據(jù)空前“knownasanNFT”及空后“non-fungibletoken”可知，此處NFT代表non-fungibletoken，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不可替換意味著該項(xiàng)不能被類似的項(xiàng)替換。A.replaced替換；B.produced制造；C.released釋放；發(fā)射；D.covered覆蓋。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,coinsandbillsarefungiblebecausetheyhaveasetvalueandareeasilyexchanged.4,tradingcardsarenon-fungiblebecausetheirworthvariesdependingonwhichcardyouhave.”可知，硬幣和紙幣是可替換的，交易卡是不可替代的，因而這里指不能被相似的物品來替換。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查短語詞義辨析。句意：例如，硬幣和紙幣是可替換的，因?yàn)樗鼈冇幸粋€(gè)固定的價(jià)值，并且易于交換。相比之下，交易卡是不可替代的，因?yàn)樗鼈兊膬r(jià)值取決于你持有的卡。A.Inaword總之；一句話；B.Inotherwords換句話說；C.Incontrast相對(duì)比而言；D.Inconclusion最后；總之。結(jié)合上文“coinsandbillsarefungiblebecausetheyhaveasetvalueandareeasilyexchanged”及下文“tradingcardsarenon-fungiblebecausetheirworthvariesdependingonwhichcardyouhave”可知，此處是拿能交換的硬幣和紙幣與交易卡進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：NFT實(shí)際上可以是任何數(shù)字化的東西——歌曲、視頻、圖像甚至是社交媒體帖子，其中一個(gè)售價(jià)接近300萬美元！A.practically實(shí)際地；B.extremely極其；非常；C.eventually最終；D.constantly持續(xù)地。根據(jù)下文“anythingdigital-songs,videos,imagesorevenasocialmediapost”拿實(shí)際的數(shù)碼歌曲、視頻等來解釋NTF，所以NTF指實(shí)際上的這些東西。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其他人可能能夠看到這個(gè)NFT，或藝術(shù)，但一個(gè)人被列為所有者的區(qū)塊鏈——即公共數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。A.image形象；B.database數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)；C.relationship關(guān)系；D.benefit好處。根據(jù)下文“Infact,theyareusedtorecordallkindsofonline7.”可知，此處指網(wǎng)上交易都被記錄在這里，即是所有交易的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，它們被用來記錄各種在線交易。A.activities活動(dòng)；B.performances表演；C.communications交流；D.deals交易。根據(jù)上文“allowingpeopletobuydigitalart”可知，這里指人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上購(gòu)買數(shù)字藝術(shù)品，即網(wǎng)上交易。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：而且收藏家愿意把錢花在他們所說的地方，為NFT支付數(shù)千甚至數(shù)百萬美元。A.afraid害怕的；B.eager渴望的；C.willing樂意的；D.doubtful懷疑的。根據(jù)下文“payingthousandsorevenmillionsofdollarsforNFTs”可知，收藏家們?cè)敢獍彦X花在NFT上。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像收藏藝術(shù)品一樣，有些人把購(gòu)買NFT視為一種投資，購(gòu)買他們計(jì)劃以更高價(jià)格出售的藝術(shù)品。A.amusement樂趣；娛樂活動(dòng)；B.investment投資；C.donation捐獻(xiàn)；捐贈(zèng)物；D.hobby愛好。根據(jù)上文“purchasingNFTs”及下文“sellatahigherpricelater”可知，低價(jià)買NFT，之后以高價(jià)賣出，即有些人把購(gòu)買NFT視為一種投資。故選B。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其他人則希望擁有由著名創(chuàng)作者制作的NFT，從而獲得尊重。A.creator創(chuàng)造者；B.craftsman工匠；技工；C.official官員；D.scientist科學(xué)家。根據(jù)上文“anNFTmadebyafamous”，可知，這里指創(chuàng)造NFT的創(chuàng)造者。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，鑒于NFT的拷貝與原件完全相同，花大價(jià)錢購(gòu)買NFT的明智之舉似乎值得懷疑。A.critical批評(píng)的；愛挑剔的；B.moderate適度的；C.final最終的；D.original最初的。根據(jù)上文“acopyofanNFTisidenticalto”可知，復(fù)制體和原始的應(yīng)是一致的。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，鑒于NFT的拷貝與原件完全相同，花大價(jià)錢購(gòu)買NFT的明智之舉似乎值得懷疑。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.intelligent聰明的；C.questionable可疑的；有疑問的；D.mysterious神秘的。結(jié)合空前內(nèi)容，可知，復(fù)制體和原始版是一致的，所以花大價(jià)錢購(gòu)買復(fù)制體這個(gè)行為是可疑的。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，NFT的流行對(duì)于創(chuàng)作它們的藝術(shù)家來說無疑是個(gè)好消息。A.generally大體地；B.definitely明確地；C.consequently因此；D.specifically特有地；特定地。根據(jù)空處前后內(nèi)容可知，NFT受歡迎，因而對(duì)于創(chuàng)作它們的藝術(shù)家來講肯定是好消息。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：從理論上講，每個(gè)NFT都是獨(dú)一無二的，盡管有些創(chuàng)造者會(huì)生成多個(gè)非常相似的NFT，就像任何給定交易卡的多個(gè)拷貝存在一樣。A.Theoretically理論地；B.Objectively客觀的；C.Honestly誠(chéng)實(shí)地；D.Strictly嚴(yán)格地。根據(jù)下文“everyNFTisunique”可知，在理論上，任何一個(gè)NFT都是獨(dú)一無二的。故選A。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，NFT藝術(shù)品是否會(huì)為收藏家?guī)砘貓?bào)，時(shí)間會(huì)告訴我們答案，但就目前而言，它為一些人——包括藝術(shù)家——提供了大筆資金。A.Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B.Money金錢；C.Time時(shí)間；D.Technology技術(shù)。根據(jù)下文“inthelongrun”，所以此處指從時(shí)間上來看。故選C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)JailbreakingcommonlyreferstounlockingiOSforiPhonesandiPads.Seventeen-year-oldGeorgeHotz,orgeohotashelikedtobecalled,wasthefirstpersontojailbreakaniPhone.Heaccomplishedhisfeatin2007,andmanyothersfollowedhislead.JailbreakinganiPhoneofferssomedistinctbenefits.WithajailbrokeniPhone,youhavenumerouswaystochangeanysettingtosuityourneeds.Youcanalsoalterthelookandfeelofthephonesothatitmatchesyourpersonality.AnotheradvantageofjailbreakingforiPhoneusersistheabilitytoinstallappsnotofferedinApple’sAppStore.Cydia,analternativeappstoreforjailbrokeniOSdevices,offersavarietyofapps,someofwhichcostmorethanothers.BeforejailbreakingyouriPhone,youshouldconsidertheconsequences.Jailbreakingimmediatelyvoids(使無效)youriPhone’swarranty,whichmeansthatAppleisnolongerrequiredtofixyourphoneifsomethinggoeswrong.Jailbreakingalsoexposesyoutothedangersassociatedwithalternativeapps.PoorqualityappsfromalternativeappstoresmaycauseyouriPhonetocrashmoreoftenorstopworkingaltogether.AfterjailbreakingyouriPhone,youmustalsobecarefulnottoallowAppletoinstallnewsoftwareonyourphone.ApplenaturallydiscouragesitscustomersfromjailbreakingtheiriPhones.Accordingtothecompany,jailbreakingdoesn’tjustaffectthesecurityandstabilityofaniPhone.Itcanalsoshortenthephone’sbatterylife.Formanypeople,thisisanimportantconsideration.36.Whichaspectsofjailbreakingdoesthearticlediscuss?A.ThewaysinwhichjailbreakingcansavepeopletimeB.ThepositivesandnegativesassociatedwithjailbreakingC.TheclientswhogotintolegaltroubleforjailbreakingD.Thebestandworsttechniquesforjailbreakingphones37.WhatdoesthearticleimplyaboutthefirstpersontojailbreakaniPhone?A.Heapologizedforhisactions. B.Heproducedhardwaredesigns.C.Hegavehimselfanickname. D.Hewasturneddownforajob.38.Fromthisarticle,whatcanreaderslearnabouttheproductsofferedbyCydia?A.Theirpricesvarysomewhat. B.Theirinventorsarequiteyoung.C.They’restillmanufacturedabroad. D.Theytakeonlyafewmomentstoinstall.39.AccordingtoApple,whatmighthappenafterapersonjailbreakshisorheriPhone?A.Itmightneedanewcamerastand. B.Itmightbecomehardertosell.C.Itmightbeeasilydamagedbywater. D.Itmightuseupitsbatteryfaster.【答案】36.B37.C38.A39.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了能夠解鎖iphone和ipad的iOS系統(tǒng)以及它的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“JailbreakinganiPhoneofferssomedistinctbenefits.(解鎖iPhone有一些明顯的好處。)”和第三段“BeforejailbreakingyouriPhone,youshouldconsidertheconsequences.(在解鎖你的iPhone之前，你應(yīng)該考慮一下后果。)”可知本文主要討論了與解鎖手機(jī)相關(guān)的積極和消極因素。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Seventeen-year-oldGeorgeHotz,orgeohotashelikedtobecalled,wasthefirstpersontojailbreakaniPhone.(17歲的喬治·霍茲，或者他喜歡別人稱呼他geohot，是第一個(gè)破解iPhone的人。)”可知他給自己起了個(gè)綽號(hào)。故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Cydia,analternativeappstoreforjailbrokeniOSdevices,offersavarietyofapps,someofwhichcostmorethanothers.(Cydia是針對(duì)解鎖iOS設(shè)備的另一個(gè)應(yīng)用商店，提供了多種應(yīng)用程序，其中一些應(yīng)用程序的價(jià)格高于其他應(yīng)用程序。)”可知，讀者可以了解到Cydia提供的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格有所不同。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Accordingtothecompany,jailbreakingdoesn’tjustaffectthesecurityandstabilityofaniPhone.Itcanalsoshortenthephone’sbatterylife.Formanypeople,thisisanimportantconsideration.(蘋果公司表示，解鎖不僅會(huì)影響iPhone的安全性和穩(wěn)定性。它還會(huì)縮短手機(jī)的電池壽命。對(duì)許多人來說，這是一個(gè)重要的考慮因素。)”根據(jù)蘋果公司的說法，一個(gè)人解鎖他或她的iPhone，可能會(huì)更快地用完電池。故選D。(B)To:@From:Subject:Confidential:ManagerialAdviceDate:Feb.16,2022HiDan,I’mwritingtoaskifyoucouldgivemeadvice.Pleasenotethatthismustallbekeptsecret.IamemailingyoubecauseIknowthatyouareatrustedfriend,andyouhavehadexperienceinthisarea.I’vebeenobligedtoreducemydepartment’sbudgetwithinthemonth,too.I’mnotlookingforwardtothisandamnotsurewheretobeginsinceIhopethatIwon’thavetocreateanylayoffs.Longstoryshort,Iwouldreallyappreciatemeetingwithyouatsomepointtoseeifyoucanofferupanyadviceorsuggestions.Thanksinadvance.Regards,SandyTo:From:Subject:Re:Confidential:ManagerialAdviceDate:Feb.17,2022HiSandy,I’mgladthatyouthoughtofmeassomeonetogoto.Idefinitelydon’tmindbeingyoursoundingboard,andIcanmeetwithyouanytimestartingnextMonday.Irealizethatyoumaywanttostartthinkingofsomeideassoonerthanlater.Mybiggestpieceofadvicetoyouistomakesureyoufeelyourwayamongyourstafftogetanimpressionofhowpeoplearecurrentlycopingwithourcompany’seconomicsituation.Talktothemandfindoutwhat’simportanttothem.Ofcourse,doitcasuallysothatnoone’sguardisup.Emailorcallmetoletmeknowwhenyouwanttomeet.Dan40.WhatisSandyresponsiblefor?A.FiringbademployeesB.CuttingcostsandexpensesC.FiguringoutthenewcomputerprogramD.Combiningthetwodivisionsofthecompany41.WhatsuggestiondoesDangiveSandy?A.Startquestioningallworkersunderher.B.Actcarefullyandfindoutemployees’thoughts.C.Giveoutaquestionnaire(問卷)foreveryonetofillout.D.Requireextraovertimefromstaffmembers.42.Thephrase“soundingboard”inthebodyofthesecondemail,isclosestinmeaningto:A.listener B.examiner C.designer D.informer【答案】40.B41.B42.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。本文是Dan和Sandy的書信往來。Dan向Sandy尋求工作上的一些建議?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sandy寫個(gè)Dan的信中的“I’vebeenobligedtoreducemydepartment’sbudgetwithinthemonth,too.I’mnotlookingforwardtothisandamnotsurewheretobeginsinceIhopethatIwon’thavetocreateanylayoffs.(我也不得不在一個(gè)月內(nèi)削減我部門的預(yù)算。我并不期待這份工作，也不知道從哪里開始，因?yàn)槲蚁Ｍ也粫?huì)造成任何裁員。)”可知，Sandy負(fù)責(zé)削減成本和花費(fèi)。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dan寫給Sandy的信中的“Mybiggestpieceofadvicetoyouistomakesureyoufeelyourwayamongyourstafftogetanimpressionofhowpeoplearecurrentlycopingwithourcompany’seconomicsituation.Talktothemandfindoutwhat’simportanttothem.(我給你最重要的一條建議是，確保在你的員工中感受一下，以了解他們目前是如何應(yīng)對(duì)我們公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的。和他們談?wù)?，找出?duì)他們來說什么是重要的。)”可知，Dan建議Sandy認(rèn)真行事，了解員工的想法。故選B?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“I’mgladthatyouthoughtofmeassomeonetogoto.(我很高興你把我當(dāng)成一個(gè)可以求助的人。)”和下文“IcanmeetwithyouanytimestartingnextMonday.(從下周一開始，我隨時(shí)都可以和你見面。)”可知，Dan非常高興Sandy向他求助，下周一后隨時(shí)都愿意和他面談，傾聽他的想法，因此推斷他不介意做他的傾聽者，劃線部分與A項(xiàng)“傾聽者”意思相近，故選A。(C)Whendisasterstrikesacommunity,itisoftencriticalthatassistancebeprovidedrightaway.Thebestfirstrespondersarethepeoplewhocallthatareahome.TheCommunityEmergencyResponseTeam(CERT)programteachescivilianshowtopreparethemselvesfordangersthatmightaffecttheircommunities.Teamsofvolunteersaretrainedinbasicskillssuchasfiresafetyandprevention,searchandrescue,andfirstaid.Aftertraining,thesevolunteerscanbegintoprovideimmediateassistanceintheconsequenceofdisastersbeforeprofessionalrescuersarrive.ACERTteamcanmakeahugedifferencetoacommunity.Duringtheearlystagesofadisastrousevent,cit