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全國2023年1月高等教育自學(xué)考試語言與文化試題課程代碼:00838I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstat(yī)ementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestat(yī)ement.(20%)1.Languageis_________.()A.theproductofthehumanbrain B.rulegovernedC.independentofculture D.theresultofsocialinstitutions2.Cultureisasocialphenomenonbecauseitisa_________productofhumansocieties.()A.technical B.cooperat(yī)iveC.new D.language3.A_________isasmallopenspacesymbolicallyenclosedwithverylowwallsandadjoiningabuilding.()A.semihouse B.balconyC.plot D.yard4.Englishisoftenreferredtoasa_________languagebecauseitusesfrequentlyconnectivestoindicatetherelat(yī)ionbetweenlinguisticelements.()A.paratactic B.hypotacticC.branching D.linear5.Decidewhichofthefollowingwordsisthewordwithaninflectionalmorpheme.()A.complete B.behaviorC.played D.membership6.Whenreceivingagift,theEnglishspeakersnormallysay_________.()A.“Thankyouverymuch.Howmuchisit?”B.“Wheredidyougetit?ThisisreallywhatIwant.”C.“Itmusthavecostyoualot.Thankyouverymuch.”D.“It’sverynice.”7.WhichexpressionisNOTappropriateforyoutouseafteryoureceiveanapology?()A.It’sO.K.?B.It’sallright.C.Notatall. D.Nevermind.8.A:IsJennyco.ruingtotheparty?B:Yes,sheis.Thesentencesintheabovedialogueareconnectedbybothgrammaticalandlexicalmeans,sowesaythat(yī)theyexhibit_________.()A.cohesion B.coherenceC.coexistence D.cooperation9.Mostoftheculturalinterpretat(yī)ionsofthedifferencebetweenEnglishandChineseatthetextuallevelare_________.()A.conclusionsratherthantentat(yī)iveassumptionsB,.tentativeassumptionsratherthanconclusionsC.eithertentativeassumptionsorconclusionsD.neithertentativeassumptionsnorconclusions10.InAmericanEnglish,theequivalentwordfor“公寓”is_________.()A.department B.flatC.apartment?D.basement11.7dayswithout7-upmakeoneweak.Inthisadvertisement,onecanfindthetactfuluseof_________.()A.homophones?B.figureofspeechC.repetition?D.severaladjectives12.Noddingmeans“agreement”toChineseandmostEuropeans.ButintheEskimogesturalsystem,headnoddingmeans“_________”.()A.yes B.angerC.pleasure D.no13._________isaconstruction,expression,etc.,havingameaningdifferentfromtheliteraloneornotaccordingtotheusualpat(yī)ternsofthelanguage.()A.“Topullone’sleg”?B.“Tokeepastraightface”C.“Tomakeacatlaugh”?D.“Torideone’shighhorse”14.Theproverb“Homersometimesnods”isrelatedto_________.()A.Christianity B.Greco-RomancivilizationC.individualism D.insularculture15.InEnglishculture_________connotewisdom.A.mice?B.chickensC.owls?D.mules16._________isthesymboloffear,cowardiceortimidity.()A.Awhiteslave B.AwhiteelephantC.Awhitehope D.Awhitefeat(yī)her17._________showsabiasedattitudetowardscertainethnicgroups.A.Racistlanguage B.ReligiouslanguageC.Sexistlanguage D.Metaphoricallanguage18.Thethematicmodelemphasizesthreecultureelements:_________.()A.traits,valuesandworldviewsB.personalbehaviours,thinkingpatternsandvaluesC.norms,customsandcircumstancesD.time,spaceanddimension19._________arepleasant,politeorharmlesssoundingwordsorexpressionsusedtomaskharsh,rudeorinfamoustruths.A.Honourifics B.TermsofhumilityC.Euphemisms?D.Taboos20.Forexample,aboytoldhismotherinawhisperingvoicethatitwasnothewhobrokethevasebutdidnotdaretolookathismotherinhereyes.Howcouldoneinterprethisverbalandnonverbalmessages?()A.Complementing. B.Contradicting.C.Repeat(yī)ing D.Regulating.Ⅱ.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhatalternativescancompletethestat(yī)ement.Theremightbemorethanonecorrectanswer.(10%)21.Someoftheimportantpropertiesinalanguageare_________.()A.a(chǎn)setofsymbols?B.humanspecificC.vocal?D.unsystematic22.“Handsome”meansnicelookingandcanbeusedtogetherwiththefollowingwords_________.()A.village B.vesselC.typewriter D.overcoat(yī)23.Inductiveargumentationhasbeenrelatedto_________.()A.thelinearthinkingpattern B.thebranchingthinkingpatternC.inductivereasoning D.indirectpersonality24.Whenpeopleareintroduced,_________.()A.theyalwaysshakehandsB.theynormallyshakehandsinformalorbusinesssituat(yī)ionsC.theydonotalwaysshakehandsD.menshakehandsmoreoftenthanwomen25.Thelogicalrelationshipsbetweenadjoiningsentencescanbeclassifiedinto_________.()A.additive?B.a(chǎn)dversat(yī)iveC.causal?D.temporal26.Theword“hero”canbepronouncedas_________.()A.['herv] B.['hi:rv]C.['hirv] D.['hirv]27.Silencemaysendthenonverbalmessagesof_________.()A.displeasure B.pleasureC.indifference D.irritation28._________meanstobeclumsy.()A.“Toputone’sfootinone’smouth”B.“Tobeallthumbs”C.“Tohaveachiponone’sshoulder”D.“Tohavetwoleftfeet”29._________havethemetaphoricalmeaningoftimidity.()A.Beavers B.LambsC.Mice?D.Chickens30._________isaeuphemisticsynonymof“poor”.A.Deprived B.NeedyC.Underprivileged?D.DisadvantagedIII.Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.(20%)31.Languageisvocal,whichmeansthatspeechisthe___________________oflanguage.32.Eachlanguagerepresentsauniquesystemofmeaningin___________________ways.33.“2023年8月12日34.JohnBullis___________________personified.35.IthasbeenclaimedthatEnglishtextsdevelopina___________________fashion,whileChineseonesdevelopinaspiralway.36.Anationallanguagemayhaveseveralregional___________________.37.ThoughChinesespeakerstendtosay“犟牛”tomeanstubborn,Englishspeakerswouldsay“asstubbornasa___________________”insimilarsituations.38.TheEnglishexpressionequivalentto“敝?!保椋螅達_________________.39.Ifapersonstretchesouthisforefingerandthemiddlefingerapart,hemeans______________.40TheEnglishidiomequivalentto“鶴立雞群”or“羊群里的駱駝”is“___________________”.IV.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.(12%)41What(yī)istheEnglishequivalentfor“掛鐘”?42.WhatarethefourtypesofcommonEnglishnames?43.Whatdoesawhiteslavereferto?44.WhatisthetypicaltextstructureoflettersofrequestinEnglish?AndhowdoesitdifferfromthatofChineseletters?V.Translation.(18%)45.不動聲色46.久仰大名47.Myhand
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