高一英語譯林版3學(xué)案語法解讀Unit2Language含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精語解名詞性句二連接代和接副詞起名詞性句一、常的接代詞連副詞連接代詞的作用是：引起名詞性從句，同時(shí)在名詞性從句中作主語、表語、賓語、定語；連接副詞在引起名詞性從句的同時(shí)，在從句中作狀語,示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式。。連接代詞：what,which，whom,whose。連接副詞many,howmuch二、名性句的種1主語從：從句句充當(dāng)主成Thathewillsucceediscertain.WhetherhewillgothereisnotWhathesaidisnottrue。Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout。Whoevercomesiswelcome.It'scertainthathewillsucceedHowwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeetingWhenthey'llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.注意:）whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，但if不能。）為避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕，經(jīng)常用it作形式主語，主語從句放在后面作真正的主語。2.賓從句：句在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（可以作謂語動詞、介

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精詞、不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語連詞:that,whether?？墒÷詗hatever，when，where如：TheyknowthatthehabitwillkillthemItalldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin。Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework注意：1)whether和if可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟not，不用。eg：Idon'tknowwhetherIwillstayor。。介詞后面的賓語從句不能用。eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.2)that在賓語從句中的省略與保留a在主+it(式賓語+補(bǔ)that從句(正賓)的句型中不省略。eg：Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中that不省略。eg:Hetoldme（that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeon

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精time3表語從：句在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后。作用：對主語進(jìn)行解釋說明從屬連詞if/asif不引導(dǎo)表語從句)連接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞：why/where/whenThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That'sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime。HelookedasifhewasgoingtocryThat’swhyIwaslate。另外，在名詞性從句中,們還須特別注意以下問題：后面的表語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)，能用why引導(dǎo),但reason后面的定語從句可以用why或者that引導(dǎo)。在表語從句中，表“是否"時(shí)，只能用“whether”不能用“if"。3)一般情況下,“that”不能省.）Itis/wasbecauseItis/waswhy...5)Thereason(why。/for...)is/wasthat.4.同位語句：從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（belief等）后面，對名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精明.同位語從句常用thatwhen/where/why/how/whether來引導(dǎo).

引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞TheideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeopleWordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthemSydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.三、名性句的語名詞性從句中要用陳述句的語序。例如：Idon’tknowwhoheis。WhathelikesbestisnotknowntousnowHowbusyyouhavebeenrecentlyreallypuzzlesusall.Myquestioniswhenyouwillcomebackforthemeeting四whatever，whichever,whoever，whenever,however等起的名詞性從這組關(guān)聯(lián)詞引起名詞性從句的時(shí)候，用來加強(qiáng)語氣，表示“無論……”。例如：Hisparentsgivehimwhateverhewants.Whoevercomesfirstshallgetthebookasapresent.Wheneverhecomesbackremainsaquestion.Askhimhoweverimportanttheexaminationis.五、雙問有些動詞believe,suppose詞性從句作賓語，

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精同時(shí)又用于疑問句時(shí),把該動詞引起的主句插到賓語從句疑問詞的后面,樣的問句就是雙重疑問句。例如：Whodoyouthinkwillgiveusthetalk?不說Doyouthinkwho？以下同Whatdoyousupposehethinksmostimportant?Wheredoyoubelieveheisstayingtonight?WhydoyouthinkIcan’tchangethebignote?it用法一、代的it1人稱的it.1)用來代表剛提到的物或事情。Youcannoteatyourcakeandhaveit.指前面的cakeThepriceofoilroserapidlyinthefirstquarterof2006.Itaffectedthegrowthofeconomyofthewholeworld前面整個(gè)一件事情2)指性別不明的baby.-Whatalovelybabyyouhavegivenbirthto!-Isitaboyoragirl3)指談話雙方都清楚的人來表示是誰執(zhí)行了某動作如—Whoisthere?—ItmustbeMary—Twomenarestandinginthegarden-Itisthepolicemenarelookingintoarobbery。2非人稱it。用指時(shí)間天氣、離自然境等

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精I(xiàn)twasAprilwhenHuJintaoflewtoWashingtonforhisfirstofficialvisitandwaswarmlyreceived。(間）It'sdampandcoldhere.天氣）It'shalfanhour'sridefromhere.（距離)Whennightfell,itbecameallquiet二、先詞it用來代表句子真正的主語或賓語。真正的賓語可以是不定式、動名詞或名詞性從句。1.形式主it作形式主語時(shí)常用的句型有三種：）Itis+adj.+todo/that或其他從句2)Itis+n.+todo/that或其他從句）It+v其他成分+that或其他從句例如：It'snicetobewithyou。It’sinterestingthatyoushouldlikehim。It’sapitythatyoulostsuchachance.It'sapleasuretoworkwithyou.Itworriedmeabitthatyoudidn’tcome。Itoccurredtomethatyoumightmisstheflight。Itdoesn'tinterestmewhethersucceedornot.Itmattersmuchwhenyoucome。Ifearly,wecandosomeshoppingbeforeweleave.

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2.形式賓英語中的有些動詞在跟形容詞或名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，如果作賓語的是動詞不定式、動名詞或that從句時(shí)，這時(shí)就必須用it來作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放在賓補(bǔ)的后面.常見的動詞是：think,take，consider,feel,find例如：Ifinditdifficulttogetonwellwithhim。Weallfeelitourdutytoteacheverystudentwell.Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalmintimeofdanger。Wemustmakeitaruletoreadthetextaloudeverymorning.Dotakeitforgrantedthatparentsshoulddoeverythingforuschildren三、結(jié)的it調(diào)句型的it.用來改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子的某一成分得到強(qiáng)調(diào).可以強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分有主語，賓語,狀語。句型：Itis）+強(qiáng)調(diào)部+who（that被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)用whothat，指物時(shí)用that。例如：原句：HegaveusalectureherethatdayItwashewhogaveusalectureherethatdayItwasusthathegavealectureherethatdayItwasherethathegaveusalecturethatdayItwasthatdaythathegaveusalecture.2結(jié)構(gòu)上。些動詞需要用來作結(jié)構(gòu)上的主語，沒有具

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精體的意義。例如:Itseemsasifheknowsnothingaboutme。IthappenedthatIpassedbytheplaceItturnedoutthathewasacheat.四、用法的干問題1。there和it結(jié)構(gòu)區(qū)這里所說的區(qū)別指的是therebe+n.it+be+n.這兩種句型有什么不同，什么時(shí)候用什么時(shí)候用，在使用過程中，有不少同學(xué)感到十分困惑.際上therebe+n.示存在的有，而it+be+n.示主語是什么。例如：ThereisastrongbeliefamongparentsthatnowadayschildrenshouldexperiencesomeItisanobviousfactthatyoushouldhaveacceptedhisoffer.上句表示父母心中存在一種想法that從句為同位語從句，指belief的內(nèi)容，他們之間不對等；而下句中的it是形式主語that從句是真正的主語,以fact就是后面的that句，它們之間是對等關(guān)系。另外課本出現(xiàn)的一些用therebe結(jié)構(gòu)或it結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，應(yīng)該牢記在心。例如：ItisfuntohaveachatontheInternetItisapitythatyoudidn'tcome.Itisnowonderthathegotthefirstplace。Thereisnodoubtthatyouwillwin。Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutallthis

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精Thereisapossibilitythatyouwillwin.總之句意表示“存在”時(shí)therebe結(jié);句意表示“是……"時(shí)，用it句型。2.itis+時(shí)間的個(gè)句型常見的句型有如下幾個(gè)：Itis/wasItis/was.。(it表時(shí)間，when為時(shí)間狀語從句)Itis/hasbeen/was/had有多少時(shí)間）Itwillbe/was。.（多少時(shí)間之后……就……）這幾個(gè)句型表現(xiàn)形式不同，句意也不同。例如：Itisthreeyearsagothathegotmarried.他是在三年前結(jié)婚的調(diào)句型）Itwasthreeo'clockwhenhereturned他回來的時(shí)候點(diǎn)hereturned,itwasthreeo’clock.）Itisthreeyearssincehegotmarried.他結(jié)婚已經(jīng)三年了.從他結(jié)婚時(shí)算起，到現(xiàn)在有三年時(shí)間）Itwillbethreeyearsbeforehegetsmarried.要三年之后，他才結(jié)婚起三年之后才……）3強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)的判定判定Itis/was。..結(jié)構(gòu)是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型很簡單，只要把Itis/was和中間的那個(gè)連詞去掉，然后對句子重新整理，如果能還原成完整

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精的句子，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；如果不能還原，就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。例如：Itwasatthreeo’clockthathereturned.去掉itwas和重新組織句子,還原成returnedatthreeo’clock。這是一個(gè)完整的句子。比較Itwasthreeo'clockwhenhereturned.去掉itwas和when重新安排句子，變成Hereturnedthree’clock.明顯缺少介詞at,threeo’clock這個(gè)時(shí)間短語不能作狀語，所以就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。換句話說，中間不能用that此句中只能用when來引起時(shí)間狀語從句.4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的變形）加情態(tài)動詞。ItmustbeJohnwhobrokethewindow.Coulditbeinthisroomthattheyheldtheirparty？）變特殊問句.Itismywordsthatlefthimthinkingdeeply。Whatisitthatlefthimthinkingdeeply?Itwasbecauseoftheheavysnowthatwedelayedourvisittoyourcity.Whywasitthatyoudelayedyourvisittoourcity?ItwasinShenzhenthatCongFeipassedawayonApril20,2006WherewasitthatCongFeipassedawayonApril20,2006.對于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的這種變化要很熟悉，保證解題中一見到就能認(rèn)出來，這樣才能準(zhǔn)確地判斷該選擇什么樣的連詞。

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精跟蹤練Ⅰ.用適連填空。_______breakstherule，hemustbepunished.。Ihavenoidea_______hewillbeback。_______IammostinterestedinisAmericanmovies.4._______hesaysisofnoimportance.5._______hewillcomeiscertain.6._______heisoftenlateforclassismorethanIcantell.7._______isgoingtoattendtheimportantmeetinghasnotbeendecidedbythemanager8.Itispossible_______theywillcompletethebuildinginthreemonths。Itdependson_______heisreadyornot。。Youshouldmakeadecision_______youwillgoorstay。答案1.Whoever23.What5.That。Why7.Who。that9.whether。whetherⅡ。單填（名詞從）1.Oneofthemenheldtheview_______thebooksaidwasrightA.whatthatBwhichCwhatD.whichthat答案view的后面應(yīng)該是一個(gè)同位語從句,以用that；同位語從句還有一個(gè)主語從,且該主語從句中的said后面要有賓,所以用what.

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精。Wordhascome_______someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweekA.whatB.whetherC.thatD。which答案word的后面應(yīng)該跟同位語從句,而且從句中沒有疑問，所以答案為that。。Thequestionis_______thefilmisworthseeing.AB.whatC。whetherD答案：由于主語是question所以有疑問，同時(shí)該連詞引起的是表語從句,么只能選whether.4._______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights,whichisaruleinourschool.A.AnyoneB。ThepersonC。WhoeverD.Who答案：

本題句子的意思是：“無論誰最后離開房間一定要把燈關(guān)掉.”本題考查連接代詞導(dǎo)的名詞性從句連接代詞whoever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句在從句中作主語相當(dāng)于anypersonwhoThepersonwho，意為“一切……的人anyone

和theperson均非連詞,不能引導(dǎo)從句，況wholeavestheroomlast意為“某個(gè)最后離開房間的人”意不符要選A.Anyone或person都必須在它們后面再加上引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who.如果要選D.Who體現(xiàn)不出“無論誰”的含義了。5.Thereason_______Ihavetogois_______mymotherisillinbed.A；whyB.why;because；thatD答案前面reason是先行詞,句中又不缺主語和賓語所以用

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精why；后面由于reason作主語，表語從句只能用that，所以答案為C.6._______Ican’tunderstandis_______shewantstochangehermind。A.What;why。Which；howCD.What;because答案

本句中understand是及物動詞，所以要用what引起主語從句;面應(yīng)該指的是前面不理解的原因所以要用why以答案為A.。Itisknowntous_______wherethereispollution,thereisharmA.whichB.whereC.whatD.that答案：

本句的it為形式主語，所以后面是真正的主語，而且從句意義完整，不缺句子成分所以應(yīng)該用that。remainsaquestion_______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime。AB.thatC.whenD.what答案：

由于表語是question那就表明后面的主語從句應(yīng)該有疑問，同時(shí)get的后面有賓語，那么就不能用that和what從句中有了時(shí)間狀語insuchashorttime不缺時(shí)間狀語，所以也不能選C。答案為how，帶入之后,也符合句意。。-Doyouknow_______inspace-Morethansixtyhours.AlongdidFeiJunlongstay。howlongFeiJunlong

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精stayedC。howlonghadFeiJunlongstayedDlongFeiJunlonghadstayed答案本題考查名詞性從句的語,應(yīng)牢記應(yīng)用陳述語序，而且本句是在說過去的事情，不是