高考英語(yǔ)精準(zhǔn)備考一輪（外研版）講義選修八Module3ForeignFood

[一積詞匯見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣][課內(nèi)單詞回扣](一)閱讀詞匯寫(xiě)其義1．punctuationn．標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)2.artificialadj.人造的，人工的3．fragrantadj.香的，芳香的4.eggplant4.eggplantn.茄子5．trendn.趨勢(shì)，趨向6.patternn.圖案(二)表達(dá)詞匯寫(xiě)其形1．fixedadj.固定的2.consequencen.后果3．casuallyadv.隨意地4.chewv.咀嚼5．a(chǎn)ltogetheradv.總的來(lái)說(shuō)；總而言之6.guestn.客人7．ripeadj.成熟的8.owev.應(yīng)給予(三)拓展詞匯靈活用*1.poisonn．毒藥；毒素vt.使中毒→poisonousadj.有毒的*2.tasten．味道；品味，愛(ài)好v.嘗，體會(huì)→tastyadj.美味可口的→tastelessadj.無(wú)滋味的*3.mannern．方式；方法；態(tài)度；舉止→mannersn．行為；禮貌；禮儀*4.requirementn．要求→requirevt.需要，要求5.greedilyadv.貪婪地→greedyadj.渴望的；貪婪的→greedn．貪欲，貪婪6.entertainv．招待，款待；請(qǐng)客→entertainmentn．娛樂(lè)；款待7.consumev．(正式)吃；喝→consumern．消費(fèi)者；用戶(hù)*8.gradualadj.逐漸的，逐步的→graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地*9.abundantadj.豐富的；充裕的→abundancen．豐富；充裕10.transformv．轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變→transformationn．轉(zhuǎn)化*11.customern．顧客→Customsn．海關(guān)→customsn．關(guān)稅→customn．風(fēng)俗；習(xí)慣12.unrecognisableadj.無(wú)法辨認(rèn)的→(反義詞)recognisableadj.可認(rèn)識(shí)的；合理的→recognisevt.認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出用上面標(biāo)注*的單詞的正確形式填空1．Themushroomscontainedpoisonandmanypeoplewerepoisonedbecausetheyhadeatenthepoisonousmushrooms.(poison)2．Thoughthesoupistasty,_I'velostmysenseoftasteandittastesjustliketastelesswater.(taste)3．Sheoftengreetsmeinafriendlymanner,_soIthinksheisapersonwithgoodmanners.(manner)4．Thisisstrictlyrequired,_soifyoudon'tmatchhisrequirement,_pleasedonotsendyourresume.(require)5．Russiaisacountrywhichisveryabundantinnaturalresources.Especiallyitsabundanceofoilandnaturalgasbringinalargeincomeeveryyear.(abundant)6．IttookthecustomeronlyafewminutestogetthroughtheCustoms.IfhearrivesinAmerica,heshouldfollowtheircustoms.(customer)7．Hemadegradualprogressinhisstudyandgraduallyhebecameapopularstudent.(gradual)[話題單詞積累]1．hamburger/'h?mb?：ɡ?/n．漢堡包2．sandwich/'s?n(d)wId?/n.三明治3．toast/t??st/n．烤面包片；吐司4．biscuit/'bIskIt/n.餅干5．chocolate/'t??k(?)l?t/n.巧克力6．sweet/swi?t/n．甜食；甜點(diǎn)；糖果7．vegetable/'ved?t?b(?)l/n.蔬菜8．beef/bi?f/n.牛肉9．chicken/'t?IkIn/n.雞；雞肉10．pork/p??k/n.豬肉11．steak/steIk/n．牛排，肉排，魚(yú)排12．sausage/'s?sId?/n.香腸，臘腸13．cooker/'k?k?/n．炊具(鍋、爐灶、烤爐等)14．bowl/b??l/n.碗15．plate/pleIt/n.盤(pán)子，碟子16．spoon/spu?n/n.匙，調(diào)羹17．teapot/'ti?p?t/n.茶壺18．container/k?n'teIn?/n.容器19．cafeteria/k?fI'tI?rI?/n.自助餐廳20．restaurant/'restr?nt/n.飯館，飯店21．dining-room/'daInI?ru?m/n.食堂，餐廳22．snack/sn?k/n.小吃23．smell/smel/n.氣味24．provide/pr?'vaId/v.提供25．full/f?l/adj.飽的26．include/In'klu?d/v.包括27．swallow/'sw?l??/vt.吞下；咽下28．digest/daI'd?est/vt.消化，吸收29．nutrition/nj?'trI?(?)n/n.營(yíng)養(yǎng)30．delicious/dI'lI??s/adj.美味的，可口的31．bitter/'bIt?/adj.苦的，有苦味的32．salty/'s??ltI/adj.咸的，含鹽的33．sour/sa??/adj.酸的，餿的34．hungry/'h??ɡrI/adj.饑餓的35．thirsty/'θ??stI/adj.口渴的[二積短語(yǔ)頓挫抑揚(yáng)][課內(nèi)短語(yǔ)回扣](一)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出下列短語(yǔ)*1.no_wonder難怪2.end_up結(jié)束3.set_fire_to放火燒……*4.make_out看出，理解*5.such_as例如，像*6.have_...in_common與……有共同點(diǎn)*7.go_against違反，違背*8.in_short總之；簡(jiǎn)言之(二)用上面標(biāo)注*的短語(yǔ)完成下列句子1．Shedidn'trecognizethemanwhohitherbecauseshecouldonlymake_outadarkshapemovingtowardsher.2．Hehasgottoknowthatitiseasyforaboytoslideintothebadhabitssuch_assmokinganddrinking,whicharenotsoeasytogetridof.3．Nowthatthereareonlyafewminutesleft,we'dbettertalkabouttheplanin_short.4．Alwayssurroundedbyhonors,praisesandgifts,youngkidsnowadaysareeasytosufferpsychologicalproblemswhenthingsgo_againstthem.5．TheInternetkeepsusinformedofthelatestnewsandalsoprovidesentertainmentinthehouse.Itisno_wonderthatit'ssopopularworldwide.6．Thecoupleneverhavewordsbecausetheyhavemuchin_commonwitheachother.[話題短語(yǔ)積累]1．dineout在外用餐2．haveagoodappetite胃口好3．be/goonadiet節(jié)食4．berich/abundantin...富含……5．behigh/lowin...含……高/低6．keepabalanceddiet保持均衡的飲食7．unhealthyeatinghabit不健康的飲食習(xí)慣8．junkfood垃圾食品9．toone'staste合某人的口味10．dogoodto/begoodfor對(duì)……有好處11．doharmto對(duì)……有害12．morethan不僅僅[三積句式寫(xiě)作扮靚][課內(nèi)句式仿寫(xiě)]1．couldnothavedonesth.“(過(guò)去)不可能做過(guò)某事”[例句]IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhowfabulousarealChinesebanquetcouldbe.[仿寫(xiě)]小男孩總是很誠(chéng)實(shí)不可能向他的媽媽撒謊。Theboycouldn't_have_lied_tohismotherbecauseheisalwayshonest.2．(it's)nowonder(that)“難怪；怪不得”[例句]Nowondermyfellowguestshadhadonlyafewbitesofeachdish;theyknewwhatwasstilltocome.[仿寫(xiě)]難怪這個(gè)視頻受到了歡迎，他們之前做了大量的工作。(2017·北京高考滿(mǎn)分作文)No_wonder_the_video_is_well_received,_theyhavedonesomuchworkinadvance.3．“do＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)[例句]ButonethingIdoadmireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapotato.[仿寫(xiě)]我們確實(shí)希望今后有更多有意義的活動(dòng)。(2015·北京滿(mǎn)分作文)Wedid_hopetherewouldbemoremeaningfulactivitiesinthecomingfuture.[話題佳句背誦]1．Themajorityofpeopletakeintoomuchfatandnotenoughfibre,whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.大多數(shù)人攝入的脂肪太多，纖維不足，這對(duì)他們的健康很有害。2．Thedoctoradvisedthatweshouldkeepabalanceddietandgetintothegoodhabitofgettingupearly.醫(yī)生建議我們要保持均衡飲食并養(yǎng)成早起的好習(xí)慣。3．Thekeytokeepingfitistoeatfoodhighinvitaminsandlowinfat.吃富含維生素和低脂肪的食物是保持健康的關(guān)鍵。[四背語(yǔ)段語(yǔ)感流暢]Asweallknow,westernfastfoodisbecomingincreasinglypopularinChina,especiallyinbigandmedium-sizedcities.Tworeasonscanexplainwhywesternfastfoodissopopular.Foronething,itisservedquicklyandyoucantakeitwhereveryougo,soit'sveryconvenient.Foranother,thefastfoodrestaurantsofferyoumorethanfood;theyprovideyouwithacomfortableenvironmentandexcellentservice.Personally,Iamnotfondofwesternfastfoodbecauseitiswidelybelievedtobejunkfoodanditdoesnogoodtoourhealth.我們都知道，西方快餐在中國(guó)越來(lái)越受歡迎，尤其是在大中型城市。兩個(gè)原因可以解釋為什么西方快餐如此受歡迎。一方面，它可以迅速送達(dá)，你可以把它帶到任何你要去的地方，所以它很方便。另一方面，快餐店給你提供的不僅僅是食物，它們?yōu)槟闾峁┝耸孢m的環(huán)境和良好的服務(wù)。就我個(gè)人而言，我不喜歡西方快餐，因?yàn)樗粡V泛認(rèn)為是垃圾食品，它對(duì)我們的健康沒(méi)有好處。

[第一板塊重點(diǎn)詞匯突破][師生共研詞匯]1．owev．應(yīng)給予；欠(賬、錢(qián)、人情等)；歸因于；歸功于[教材原句]EverythingyouseeIowetospaghetti.我把你看到的一切都?xì)w功于意大利面條。(1)owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物(2)owe...to...把……歸功于……；為……而感謝oweittosb.that...多虧某人……(3)owingadj.未付的，欠著的owingto因?yàn)椋挥捎冖貽wing_toyourhelp,Ihavemadegreatprogress.Inotherwords,Iowemyprogresstoyourhelp.由于你的幫助，我取得了很大進(jìn)步。換句話說(shuō)，我把我的進(jìn)步歸功于你的幫助。②Iowe_it_to_you_thatIfinishedmyworkintime.多虧你幫忙，我才及時(shí)完成了工作。[名師指津]如果owe的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式或名詞性從句，可使用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，將充當(dāng)真正賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式或名詞性從句放在后面。2．remarkv．談到，說(shuō)起；注意到；評(píng)論n．意見(jiàn)；評(píng)論[經(jīng)典例句]Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcrimewasonthedecrease.一家地方報(bào)紙?jiān)u論說(shuō)犯罪案件在減少。(1)remarkon/upon談?wù)?，評(píng)論，對(duì)……發(fā)表意見(jiàn)remarkthat...談起，說(shuō)起……(2)makearemark/remarkson/about/upon...對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論，對(duì)……評(píng)頭論足(3)remarkableadj.顯著的，非凡的，值得注意的beremarkablefor以……著稱(chēng)/引人矚目①I(mǎi)t'sbadmannerstoremarkon/upontheappearanceofothers.→It'sbadmannerstomake_a_remark/remarks_on/abouttheappearanceofothers.對(duì)別人的相貌品頭論足是不禮貌的。②Asweallknow,theWestLakeisremarkable(remark)forherbeautifulscenery.眾所周知，西湖以她美麗的自然景色而著稱(chēng)。3．consequencen．后果，結(jié)果(可數(shù))；重要性(不可數(shù))[高考佳句]Allaroundtheworld,wecanseetheconsequencesofthisthrowawaylifestyle.(2015·安徽高考)在全世界我們都可以看到這種一次性的生活方式所帶來(lái)的后果。(1)asaconsequence/result(＝inconsequence)因此，結(jié)果asaconsequence/resultof(＝inconsequenceof)因?yàn)椤木壒剩挥捎?2)answerfortheconsequences對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)take/accept/facetheconsequencesof承擔(dān)……的后果(3)consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的，作為結(jié)果的consequentlyadv.因此，結(jié)果；所以①Today,as_a_consequence_of/in_consequence_oftherapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnology,thewayoflifehasbeenarevolutionarychange.當(dāng)代，由于數(shù)字化技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，人們生活的方式被革命性地改變了。②Theyoungshouldlearntotake/face/accept_the_consequences_oftheiractions.年輕人應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)承擔(dān)自己行為的后果。4．transformv．轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)變；改造；變換[經(jīng)典例句]Putyourselfinthehandsofourexperts,whowilltransformyourhairandmakeup.你把自己交給我們的專(zhuān)家吧，他們會(huì)使你的發(fā)型和化妝徹底改觀。(1)o...把……變成……transformsb./sth.from...把某人/物從……中轉(zhuǎn)變(2)transformationn.變化，轉(zhuǎn)變；改觀transformationfrom...to...從……到……的轉(zhuǎn)變①Shehelpstransformliteratureintobrailletobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetotheheartsandmindsofblindreaders.她幫著把文學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換為盲文，想把故事和知識(shí)的力量注入盲人讀者的心靈。②Theeconomicframeworkofthe21stcenturyisgoingthroughnewtransformation(transform)．21世紀(jì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)正經(jīng)歷新的變革。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“把……變成……”的其他表達(dá)：①o...②o...[詞匯過(guò)關(guān)練]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．What'smore,withindustrydevelopingrapidly,poisonousgasesandwatersareproduced,consequently(consequence)resultinginthepollutionofwater.2．Wehave_tasted(taste)thesweetsandbittersoflife.3．Asweallknow,Chinaisabundant(abundance)innaturalresources.4．Largequantitiesofsolidfuelare_consumed(consume)everyday.5．Chinesetraditionalmedicineisbeinggradually(gradual)recognizedbytheUS,whileitstillhasalongwaytogo.6．UsedtoTVshows,whereeverythingisquickandentertaining(entertain),manypeopledonothavethepatiencetoreadabookthatrequiresthinking.7．Itisbadmanners(manner)totalkwithyourmouthfull.8．Whensheisputinasituationwhereshehastomakearemarkon/aboutothers,sheusuallychangesthetopic.9．Thecoastalcityisabundantinnaturalresources,especiallyseafoodandwaterresources.10．Somethingmustbedonetopreventfactoriessendingoutpoisonous(poison)gasessoastokeepthecityfrombeingpolluted.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Whenaskedaboutthereasonforwinningtheprize,thegirlowedthesuccessonherteachers.on→to2．Heslippedandhadhislegbroken.Asaconsequenceof,hewillhavetobeawayfromschoolfortwoorthreemonths.去掉of3．IgotobedwhenI'msleepyandgetupwithanalarmclockatafixtime.fix→fixed4．Completelyobsesswithdeliciousfood,Tomwantedtostaythereforanothertwodays.obsess→obsessed5．Whetheryou'retheemployeeortheboss,it'snecessarytolearnhowtobepoliteatworkwithbasicofficemanner.manner→mannersⅢ.單句寫(xiě)作(補(bǔ)全句子)1．這位著名的科學(xué)家把他所有的成功歸功于家人的支持。(owe...to...)Thefamousscientistowed_all_his_success_to_the_supportofhisfamily.2．由于惡劣天氣，航班延誤了將近兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(owingto)Owing_to_the_bad_weather,_theflightwasdelayedfornearlytwohours.3．請(qǐng)您對(duì)剛才發(fā)生的事情發(fā)表一下評(píng)論好嗎？①Couldyoupleaseremark_on_what_happenedjustnow?(remarkon)②Couldyoupleasemake_a_remark_on/about_what_happenedjustnow?(makearemarkon/about)4．我遺憾地告訴你，由于你的工作很糟，我不得不把你解雇。(inconsequenceof)Iregrettotellyouin_consequence_of_your_bad_workIamforcedtodismissyou.5．這家公司已由一個(gè)家族企業(yè)變成擁有數(shù)百萬(wàn)英鎊的運(yùn)作機(jī)構(gòu)。(transformfrom)Thecompanyhas_been_transformed_from_a_family_business_toamultimillion-poundoperation.[第二板塊短語(yǔ)、句式突破]1．setfireto放火燒……[教材原句]HeandsomeservantsfollowedKunXiandChangtotheislandandsetfiretothehutwheretheyweresleeping.他和幾個(gè)隨從尾隨坤喜和阿常來(lái)到小島后，在他們睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候，放火焚燒了他們的茅舍。set...onfire(＝setfireto)放火燒……；使……著火catchfire著火(動(dòng)作)beonfire著火(狀態(tài))make/start/lightafire點(diǎn)火playwithfire玩火putoutthefire滅火①Hewasarrestedbecausehesetfiretohisneighbor'shouse.→Hewasarrestedbecausehesethisneighbor'shouseon_fire.他因放火燒鄰居家的房子而被捕。②Ittookfirefightersseveralhourstoput_out_the_fire.消防隊(duì)員花了數(shù)小時(shí)才把火撲滅。2．makeout看出，聽(tīng)出；理解；填寫(xiě)；辨認(rèn)出；假裝；聲稱(chēng)[經(jīng)典例句]Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatitisheistryingtoexpress.他的筆跡非?；靵y，很難弄清他想表達(dá)什么意思。[一詞多義]寫(xiě)出下列句中makeout的含義①Shemadeoutacheckandhandedittome.填寫(xiě)②Withoutmyglasses,Icouldn'tmakeoutwhetherthatfigureontheblackboardwasathreeoraneight.辨認(rèn)出③Thestudentspresentatthemeetingcouldnotmakeoutwhathewastalkingabout;itwastoodifficultforthemtounderstand.理解④Let'smakeoutthatwearetrappedonadesertisland.假裝makeit做成；成功；及時(shí)到達(dá)，趕得上makefor朝……行進(jìn)；對(duì)……有好處；有利于makeup組成；編造；化妝；占據(jù)makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償⑤Hardworkcanoftenmake_up_foralackofability.努力工作經(jīng)?？梢詮浹a(bǔ)能力的不足。⑥Insomelanguages,100wordsmake_uphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.在一些語(yǔ)言中，100個(gè)詞構(gòu)成了日常對(duì)話使用的所有詞匯的一半。3．ButonethingI_do_admireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapotato.但是讓我非常欽佩的是英國(guó)人吃飯的舉止，哪怕僅僅是一個(gè)土豆。Idoadmire是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系詞的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾onething，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞admire前加了do表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。(1)在肯定的陳述句中，根據(jù)具體情況可用助動(dòng)詞do(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))，does(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))，did(一般過(guò)去時(shí))對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，常翻譯成“的確，確實(shí)，一定，務(wù)必”等。(2)在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，可用intheworld,onearth,atall等介詞短語(yǔ)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，常翻譯成“到底，究竟”或“根本(不)，一點(diǎn)也(不)”。①Thebabydoes_catchacoldeverynowandthen.那個(gè)嬰兒的確常常會(huì)感冒。②Tomygreatjoy,theplantdid_look_exactly_likewhatwewerelookingfor.使我高興的是，這棵植物看起來(lái)的確像是我們正在尋找的那種。③Shedid_tellmeaboutheraddressbutIforgotallaboutit.她確實(shí)告訴過(guò)我她的地址，但我全忘了。④Whereon_earth/in_the_worldcouldhebe?他到底會(huì)在哪兒呢？⑤Thankyouforyourkindness.I'mnothungryat_all.謝謝你的好意。我一點(diǎn)也不餓。[短語(yǔ)、句式過(guò)關(guān)練]Ⅰ.make短語(yǔ)專(zhuān)練(介、副詞填空)1．Shedeterminedtoworktwiceashardasbeforetomakeupforthelosttime.2．Hehadnochoicebuttomakeupanexcusetoexplainhisbeinglate.3．Wemadefortheaccidentspotasfastaspossible.Ⅱ.用fire短語(yǔ)完成下面語(yǔ)段Theycollectedsomefirewoodand1.made_a_fire(點(diǎn)火)tokeepthemselveswarm.Butamomentlater,aspark2.setsomehaybesidetheirtenton_fire(讓……著火).Theypanickedwhentheyfoundthetent3.caught_fire(著火).Thankstotherivernearby,they4.put_out_the_fire(把火撲滅)intime.Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全句子1．他確實(shí)有一個(gè)可愛(ài)的女兒，但是我們沒(méi)人認(rèn)識(shí)。Hedoes_havealovelydaughter,butnoneofusknowsher.2．我昨天在晚會(huì)上的確見(jiàn)到了她。Idid_seeheratthepartylastnight.3．他不可能出國(guó)了。我剛才還看見(jiàn)他了。Hecouldn't_have_gone_abroad.Isawhimjustnow.4．到底何時(shí)何地召開(kāi)下一次會(huì)議？When_and_where_on_earthwillthenextmeetingbeheld?eq\a\vs4\al([課堂雙線提能]課堂一刻鐘演練，實(shí)現(xiàn)教材與高考的對(duì)接)提能一用課文詞匯寫(xiě)高分作文dessert，abundant，transform，remark，consequence，entertain，guest，taste，have...incommon，nowonder，beobsessedwith，owe...to...1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語(yǔ))①瑪麗和大多數(shù)女孩有共同點(diǎn)，即非常喜歡甜食。Maryhasalotin_commonwithmostgirls—shelikesdessertverymuch.②甜食富含糖類(lèi)，而糖可以轉(zhuǎn)化成脂肪，難怪瑪麗會(huì)如此胖。Dessertis_abundant__insugar,whilesugarcanbetransformedintofat.No_wonderMaryissofat.③營(yíng)養(yǎng)專(zhuān)家評(píng)論說(shuō)甜食不但能使人發(fā)胖而且還能引起其他嚴(yán)重的后果。Nutritionexpertsremarkthatdessertcannotonlymakepeoplefatbutalsobringaboutotherseriousconsequences.④顯然，癡迷于某種嘗起來(lái)可口的食物并不是一個(gè)好主意。Obviouslyitisnotagoodideatobe_obsessed_withsomefoodthattastesgood.⑤在招待客人時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該減少甜食的量。Whenweentertainguests,_weshouldreducetheamountofdessert.⑥許多人把健康歸因于平衡的飲食和適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻?，這確實(shí)有道理。Itreallymakessensethatmanypeopleowe_theirhealthto_abalanceddietandproperexercise.2．升級(jí)平淡句(1)用省略句升級(jí)句⑤Whenentertainingguests,weshouldreducetheamountofdessert.(2)用助動(dòng)詞對(duì)句⑥中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)Itdoesmakesensethatmanypeopleowetheirhealthtoabalanceddietandproperexercise.3．銜接成語(yǔ)篇(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：so,inshort)Maryhasalotincommonwithmostgirls—shelikesdessertverymuch.Dessertisabundantinsugar,whilesugarcanbetransformedintofat.NowonderMaryissofat.Nutritionexpertsremarkthatdessertcannotonlymakepeoplefatbutalsobringaboutotherseriousconsequences.Obviouslyitisnotagoodideatobeobsessedwithsomefoodthattastesgood.Sowhenentertainingguests,weshouldreducetheamountofdessert.Inshort,itdoesmakesensethatmanypeopleowetheirhealthtoabalanceddietandproperexercise.提能二用課文句型解構(gòu)高考長(zhǎng)難句[本單元突破點(diǎn)——while連接的并列句]經(jīng)典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長(zhǎng)難句IwasamazedattheireasyandgracefulmannerwhileIstoodtherefeelingsomewhatconfusedbythefood.該句是由并列連詞while連接的并列句，while表示對(duì)比。對(duì)于愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，大腦中與快樂(lè)相關(guān)的部分變得活躍起來(lái)，而對(duì)于我們其他人來(lái)說(shuō)，大腦中與恐懼相關(guān)的部分變得活躍起來(lái)。真題長(zhǎng)難句Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.(2016·北京高考閱讀第二節(jié))該句是由并列連詞while連接的并列句，while表示對(duì)比。炸雞、漢堡、薯?xiàng)l、蛋撻、汽水等高熱量快餐食品這些都是我們常見(jiàn)的外國(guó)食品，銷(xiāo)售這些食品最有名的莫過(guò)于肯德基了。縱觀歷年高考，在聽(tīng)力、閱讀理解、完形填空、寫(xiě)作等題型中常有考查，尤其在閱讀理解題目中考查的比較多。話題與語(yǔ)篇[考題示例](2013·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ閱讀C)[1]Giventhatmanypeople'smoods(情緒)areregulatedbythechemicalactionofchocolate,itwasprobablyonlyamatteroftimebeforesomebodymadethechocolateshopsimilartoadrugstoreofChinesemedicine.LookinglikeasettingfromthefilmCharlie&theChocolateFactory,Singapore'sChocolateResearchFacility(CRF)hasover100varietiesofchocolates.ItsfounderisChrisLeewhogrewupathisparents'cornerstorewithonehandalmostalwaysinthejarofsweets.[2]IftheCRFseemstobeasmartidea,that'sbecauseLeeisnotmerelyaseasonedsalespersonbutalsoheadofamarketingdepartmentthathasbusinessrelationswithbignamessuchasLevi'sandSony.Thatideasurelyresultsintheimaginationatworkwhenitcomestomakingdifferentflavored(味道)chocolates.[3]TheCRF'sproduceis“green”，madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries—withSichuanpepper(辣椒),redbean(豆),cheeseandotherflavors—alsodoeswellandisfuntotaste.Andforchocolate_snobs,_whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers,theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.1．Whatisgoodaboutchocolate?A．Itservesasasuitablegift.B．Itworksasaneffectivemedicine.C．Ithelpsimprovethestateofmind.D．Itstrengthensbusinessrelations.2．WhyisChrisLeeabletodevelophisideaoftheCRF?A．Heknowstheimportanceofresearch.B．Helearnsfromshopsofsimilartypes.C．Hehasthesupportofmanybignames.D．Hehasalotofmarketingexperience.3．WhichlineoftheCRFproducesellsbest?A．TheConnoisseurSeries.B．TheExoticSeries.C．TheAlcoholSeries.D．TheSichuanSeries.4．Thewords“chocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho________.A．a(chǎn)reparticularaboutchocolateB．knowlittleaboutcocoabeansC．lookdownuponothersD．liketotrynewflavors[策略指導(dǎo)](一)這樣讀文第1步：宏觀把握文章大意分層抓關(guān)鍵句概括層意行文結(jié)構(gòu)第1段第1段畫(huà)波浪線部分巧克力可以調(diào)節(jié)人們的情緒總說(shuō)↓分析原因↓舉例說(shuō)明第2段第2段畫(huà)波浪線部分ChrisLee發(fā)展CRF想法的原因第3段第3段畫(huà)波浪線部分許多人的情緒受巧克力化學(xué)作用的控制第2步：微觀突破理解障礙[自主翻譯]鑒于很多人的情緒會(huì)受到巧克力的化學(xué)作用的調(diào)節(jié)，那么有人把巧克力商店變成和銷(xiāo)售中藥的藥店類(lèi)似的商店可能只是個(gè)時(shí)間問(wèn)題了。_(二)這樣做題[名師解題]1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選C由第一段第一句中的“Giventhatmanypeople'smoods(情緒)areregulatedbythechemicalactionofchocolate...”可知，巧克力可以調(diào)節(jié)人們的情緒，故本題選C。2．推理判斷題。選D由第二段中的“that'sbecauseLeeisnotmerelyaseasonedsalespersonbutalsoheadofamarketingdepartment...”可知本題選D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選C由最后一段第一句“TheCRF'sproduceis‘green’，madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.”可知本題選C。4．詞義猜測(cè)題。選A根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分后的定語(yǔ)從句“whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers”可知，chocolatesnobs是指那些對(duì)巧克力非常熟悉的人，故可推斷出他們也是對(duì)巧克力比較挑剔的人。A項(xiàng)中的beparticularabout意為“對(duì)……挑剔”。[閱讀理解系列技法33]“三步法”巧解推理判斷題第一步：讀懂題干，找準(zhǔn)原文。原文句子是正確選項(xiàng)的來(lái)源。推理判斷題的正確選項(xiàng)是原文句子的推論。我們可采用“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”來(lái)找準(zhǔn)原文，即：先看題干，抓住關(guān)鍵詞匯，然后運(yùn)用略讀、查讀技巧，找到文章中與此題相關(guān)的段落和語(yǔ)句。第二步：立足原文，必推一步。找準(zhǔn)原文后，我們就以原文為依據(jù)，必須推一步，且只推一步。因此，直接摘抄原文信息的選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。依據(jù)原文，可以推出多個(gè)動(dòng)作，我們應(yīng)該選擇最先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或原文動(dòng)作后緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，其他動(dòng)作都是錯(cuò)誤的。第三步：合理推測(cè)，不亂推測(cè)。要忠于原文，合理推測(cè)，千萬(wàn)不要胡亂推測(cè)，以免得出脫離原文、憑空臆斷的結(jié)論，或是與文章內(nèi)容不相符甚至完全相反的結(jié)論，或是不合常理或不合邏輯的結(jié)論等。例如上文第2題，根據(jù)第二段第一句可知Lee不僅僅是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的銷(xiāo)售員，而且是一個(gè)與一些大品牌有業(yè)務(wù)往來(lái)的市場(chǎng)部經(jīng)理，因此可以知道他有許多市場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，正是他豐富的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)使得他的理念得以發(fā)展。所以選D。(三)這樣積累1．moodn．情緒2．regulatevt.調(diào)節(jié)，規(guī)定3．chocolaten.巧克力4．relationn.關(guān)系5．tasten.味道；品味；喜好vt.品嘗；嘗起來(lái)6．giventhat考慮到，鑒于……情況7．looklike看起來(lái)像8．growup成長(zhǎng)[單元檢測(cè)·高考提能]Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空ChuckWallteachesmanagementandhumanrelationsatBakersfieldCollege.Hewalkedintoclassonedayandtoldhisstudentsthattheirhomeworkwastoperformasimpleandrandomactofkindness.Not__1__(understand)thehomework,thestudentsdidn'tknowwhattodo.Chuckdidn'tanswertheirquestions.__2__，heencouragedhisstudentstoworkitoutbythemselves.Oneweeklater,thestudentsenteredtheclassroomandbegansharingtheirstories__3__(excited).Onereportedonhelpingapoordog__4__(abandon)byitsowner.Anotherstudenttoldothersaboutgivingblanketsawaytothehomeless.Gradually,moreandmorestudentsdevelopedthehabitofdoingsuchkindacts,from__5__theybenefitedalot.Sincethen,similarkindacts__6__(perform)inschoolsaroundtheworld.ManyschoolsorganizeaRandomActsofKindnessWeek,aroundNovember13th,__7__(celebrate)WorldKindnessDay.SomeschoolsuseeachdayofRandomActsofKindnessWeektoperforma__8__(differ)kindact,such__9__makinganewfriend,helpingsomeone,doingcommunityserviceorraisingmoneyforacharity.Inthisway,studentslearntoconsiderotherpeopleandthinkabouthowsmallactionscanmaketheworlda__10__(good)place.語(yǔ)篇解讀：老師給學(xué)生布置了一道家庭作業(yè)——隨意做一件好事。同學(xué)們做了很多善行且與他人分享了這些友善的故事，這讓他們受益匪淺。1．understanding“Notunderstandingthehomework”是現(xiàn)在分詞短詞作狀語(yǔ)，分詞動(dòng)作understand與邏輯主語(yǔ)“thestudents”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。2．Instead前后兩個(gè)句子之間意義上存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用Instead。3．excitedly空格中所填單詞在句中