(完整word版)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)全部語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理

千里之行，始于足下。第2頁(yè)/共2頁(yè)精品文檔推薦(完整word版)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)全部語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理小學(xué)英語(yǔ)全部語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理

1.人稱代詞

主格：Iweyousheheitthey

賓格：meusyouherhimitthem

形容詞性物主代詞：myouryourherhisitstheir

名詞性物主代詞：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs

2.形容詞和副詞的比較

(1)普通在形容詞或副詞后+er

older,taller,longer,stronger

(2)多音節(jié)詞前+more

moreinteresting,etc.

(3)雙寫(xiě)最終一具字母，再+er

biggerfatter,etc.

(4)把y變i，再+er

heavier,earlier

(5)別規(guī)則變化：

well-better,much/many-more,etc.

3.可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

Mostnouns+sabook–books

Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastory—storiesNounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglass—glassesawatch-watches

Nounsendingino+sor+esapiano—pianosamango—mangoesNounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknife–knivesashelf-shelves

4.別可數(shù)名詞（單復(fù)數(shù)別變）

bread,rice,water,juice等。

5.縮略形式

I’m=Ia，you’re=youare，she’s=sheis，he’s=heisit’s=itis，who’s=whois，can’t=cannot，isn’t=isnot等。

6.a/an

abook,apeach

anegg，anhour

7.Preposition

on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.表示時(shí)刻：atsixo’clock,atChristmas,atbreakfast

onMonday，on15thJuly，OnNationalDay

intheevening，inDecember，inwinter

8.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞

one–first，two-second，twenty-twentieth

9.some/any

Ihavesometoysinmybedroom.

Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?

10.be動(dòng)詞

(1)Basicform:am/are/is

(2)確信和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.

Myeyesare(not)small.

Myhairis(not)long.

(3)普通疑咨詢句：

AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.

AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.

Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.

11.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)

確信句：Thereisa…Thereare…

普通疑咨詢句:Isthere…?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.

Arethere…?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.

否定句：Thereisn’t….

Therearen’t….

12.祈使句SitdownpleaseDon’tsitdown,please.

13.如今舉行時(shí)

通常用“now”.

形式：be+verb+ing

eg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.

You/We/Theyare(not)reading.

He/She/Itis(not)eating.

動(dòng)詞—ing的形式

Mostverbs+ingwalk—walking

Verbsendingine-e+ingcome—coming

Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrun–runningswim—swimming

14.普通如今時(shí)

通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。

確信句：

Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.

Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.

普通疑咨詢句:

Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.

Doeshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.

否定句：Wedon’tgotoschoolonSundays.

Mymotherdoesn’tlikewatchingTVintheevening.

15.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

can,must,should后面直截了當(dāng)用動(dòng)詞原形。

eg:1.I/He/She/Theycansing.

2．Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.

16.普通過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)

（a）be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式:

I/He/she/itwas(not)….You/we/theywere….

普通疑咨詢句was,were放在句首。

（b）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：

確信句：Iwatchedcartoons.

Shevisitedthezoo.

普通疑咨詢句：

Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.

Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn’t.

否定句：Theydidn’tgothethepartyesterday.

Hedidn’tmakemodelshipslastweek.

(3)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化：

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：

Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbed。

Verbsendingine+degliked。

Verbsendinginaconsonant+y--y+iedeg:study—studied

Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg:stop--stopped別規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：

is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew,

eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank等等

17.Wh-"questions"

Whatareyoudoing?

Whatcolourisit?

Whattimeisit?/What’sthetime?

Whichisyourwatch,theyellowoneorthewhiteone?

Who’sthemanwithabignose?

Whosebagisit?

Whenisyourbirthday?

Whereismyballpen?

Whydoyoulikesummer?

Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag?

Howoldistheyoungman?

Howmuchisthetoybear?

Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?

1、普通如今時(shí)

A、表示別受時(shí)限的客觀存在

如：Heisaboy.Sheisastudent.

Mymotherisanurse.Thisisadog.Ihaveabook.

B、表示如今的適應(yīng)動(dòng)作，即指如今經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，普通如今時(shí)常用來(lái)表示如今時(shí)刻里某種動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性和適應(yīng)性。它常與表示程度或頻度的詞連用，

如：often（經(jīng)常）,usually（通常，普通）,sometimes（有時(shí)）,always（總是，向來(lái)）,never（從別）

如：Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.

Myfatherworksinaschool.

MikewatchesTVeveryday.

Iusuallyplaycomputergamesontheweekend.

C、表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的狀態(tài)和如今眨眼動(dòng)作.如：Howareyou?Youlookhappy.What’sthematterwithyou?Ihaveaheadache.Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?Ihavesomechicken.

☆注意☆英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的如今時(shí)與原形同形。但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在詞尾加s或-es。例如：Ihaveafishfordinner.Hermotherworksinahospital.Amyoftengoestoschoolbybike.Mr.LiuteachesusEnglish.加-es的動(dòng)詞必須是以“sh,ch,o”等字母結(jié)尾的。如：watches,teaches,goes,washes

2、普通未來(lái)時(shí)

表示在未來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的事或動(dòng)作。它常與表示未來(lái)的時(shí)刻連用，如：tomorrow,nextweek,nextyear,thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening等

☆注意☆普通未來(lái)時(shí)小學(xué)時(shí)期要緊學(xué)了兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

①begoingto+動(dòng)詞的原形/地方

②will+動(dòng)詞的原形

例句：I’mgoingtogoshoppingthisafternoon.SheisgoingtoHongKongnextweek.Youwillseemanybirdsinthesky.

3、如今舉行時(shí)

表示講話時(shí)正在舉行的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)時(shí)期向來(lái)在舉行的動(dòng)作。

☆注意☆它的構(gòu)成是：be的如今時(shí)形式（am,is,are）加動(dòng)詞的ing形式。

如：Whatareyoudoing?I’mwritingaletter.Whataretheydoing?They’reswimming.Isheplayingchess?Yes,heis.Look,AmyisreadinganEnglishbook.

☆注意☆動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：

☆①普通的直截了當(dāng)在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating

②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先去e再加ing，如having,writing

③雙寫(xiě)最終一具字母的（此類動(dòng)詞極少）有：running,swimming,sitting,getting

４、普通過(guò)去時(shí)

要緊用來(lái)表示在特定過(guò)去時(shí)刻中一次完成的動(dòng)作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過(guò)去的適應(yīng)動(dòng)作。它與如今時(shí)刻別發(fā)生關(guān)系，它表示的動(dòng)作或狀

態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已別復(fù)存在。它經(jīng)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)刻連用。如：Iwenttoaparkyesterday.Iread