八年級英語下課文重難點講解

2014年春季學(xué)期八年級英語下冊目錄

Unit1What’sthematter？

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?

Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?

Units5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?

Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.

Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?

Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.

Unit1What’sthematter？

SectionA

’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/'m?t?(r))/n.問題；事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？【注】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong是adj.不能加the【2013自貢3】18.—What’.—Hiscarran_______theriver.;;;into【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時，與介詞with連用。即：What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ihaveabadcold.()①What’s____withyou?—______?—Nothingserious,butabittired.—Betterhavearestnow,dear.【2013湖北孝感】—_________?—IhaveaheadacheandIdon’tfeellikeeatinganything.【2011．云南昆明】27.—What’sthematterwithTina?—_______________.【拓展】matter的用法(1)Itdoesn’tmatter沒關(guān)系（用來回答別人道歉時的用語）()—I’msorrytobreakyourpen.—_______’’【2013江蘇徐州】3.—Pleasedon'tthrowpaperontheground.—________，Iwon't.'sallright'tmatter【2013黑龍江齊齊哈爾】17.－Ihaveapaininmyback.－’dbetterseeadoctor.’’tmatter【2013湖北武漢】39.—I’.—__________.’’dbetternot【2013四川廣安】26．—Sorry,I'mlateagain．—______.A．That’sOKB．Itdoesn'tmatterC．Goodidea(2)asamatteroffact=infact事實上,實際上我感冒了Ihaveastomachache我患胃痛Ihaveasoreback.我背痛?！窘馕?】haveacold受涼;感冒havea/an+疾病名詞“患……病”(cold/fever/cough)haveasorethroat患喉嚨痛haveasoreback患背痛haveafever發(fā)燒haveacold=catchacold患感冒haveastomachache患胃痛haveatoothache患牙痛haveaheadache患頭痛haveabackache患背痛①M(fèi)ike’ssister_________________(nothave)astomachache.【2012曲靖中考】Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight,becauseI_____atoothache. 【2013山東萊蕪】—Tony,What’s___matterwithyou?—Ihave_____toothache.;;aC./;;/【解析2】backn背；背部atthebackof......在......的后面go/comeback返回giveback歸還【解析3】handn手handinhand手拉手V交給；傳遞handin上交handon依次傳遞handout分發(fā)’tdrinkenoughwater.她昨天說話太多了并且沒有喝足夠的水?！窘馕?】toomuch/toomany/muchtoo短語含義用法例句toomuch太多后接不可數(shù)名詞Thereistoomuchrainthesedays修飾動詞，放在動詞之后WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.toomany太多后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Therearetoomanythingsformetodoeveryday.muchtoo太修飾形容詞或副詞It’smuchtoocoldinwinter.(),sohe’s_____fat.;;muchtoo;;muchtoo【2013孝感】—Whyareyousotiredthesedays?—Well,Ihave________homeworktodo. 【2013廣西玉林】—Themeatis____delicious.—Yes,butdon’teat_____.;;toomuch;;muchtoo【解析2】enough的用法(1)adj.足夠的，充分的修飾名詞時，可放在名詞之前或之后enoughtime(2)adv.“足夠地，十分，相當(dāng)”修飾adj./adv,放在adj./adv后expensiveenough(3)be+adj.+enoughtodosthbestrongenoughtocarrythebox.()①Theboyisn’t___todresshimself.—WhatdoyouthinkofthelectureofLiYang’sCrazyEnglish?—Ithinkit’s_____,butsomeonethinksit’smuchtoo_____.;;boring;enough;;bored【2013綏化3】26.—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?—Ithinkit’s________,butsomepeoplethinkit’sso________.;;boring;boring.喝一些加蜂蜜的熱茶。【解析】with：=1\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑴prep“具有，帶有”,表示某物帶有或具有某種特征。Sheisagirlwithlonghair.with（反）without().【2010寧夏1】25.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—Yes,. 【2013達(dá)州3】15.—Whichwouldyouprefer,coffeeororangejuice?—Either_________OK,butIprefercoffee__________milkinit.,,,,to【2013連云港】30.—I',Maggie?—Iprefercoffee________sugar. 和......一起Iliketotalkfreelywithmyfriends.=3\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑶prep用......，表示“使用某種工具”Cutitwithaknife..看牙醫(yī)并且拍張x光。【解析1】seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙醫(yī)seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生【解析2】X-ray/'eksrei/射線；X光【2011湖南湘西】.【2012四川成都】33.—Wheredidyougoyesterday,Rick?—Iwenttoseea______becauseIhadacold.她該怎么辦呢？ShouldItakemytemperature?我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎？【解析1】should“應(yīng)該”情態(tài)動詞，后跟動詞原形，表示責(zé)任和義務(wù)shouldnot=shouldn’t不應(yīng)該主語+should/shouldn’t+動詞原形...①Youshouldliedownandrest.你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會兒。②Youshouldn’t’tgooutatnight.你晚上不應(yīng)該出去。①Youshould_________(lie)downandrest.()②You____bequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.【2013重慶】30．Hurryup，oryou____catchthetrain．A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn't ’t【2013山西】 【2013安徽】’sverydangerous.’’’’t【解析2】takeone’stemperature量體溫,itdoesn’tsoundlikeyouhaveafever.不需要，聽起來你不像發(fā)燒了?！窘馕?】soundlike聽起來像，后接名詞或名詞性短語作表語。Itsoundslikeagoodidea.【拓展】“感官動詞+likefeellike摸起來像smelllike聞起來像looklike看起來像tastelike嘗起來像【解析2】fever/'fi:v?:(r)/n.發(fā)燒haveafever發(fā)燒Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.你需要休息一下，遠(yuǎn)離電腦。.你需要遠(yuǎn)離電腦，休息休息?！窘馕觥縩eedv需要◆用于肯定句是實義動詞(1)needsth需要某物Ineedyourhelp.(2)人做主語，sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事Doyouneedtodrinkmorewater?(3)物做主語，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedoneMyTVsetneedsrepairing.①Ineed__________(come)totheofficequicklybecausesomeworkneed___________(finish)atonce.()②Davidneeds______agoodrest.用于否定句是情態(tài)動詞needn’t=don’thaveto沒有必要must,need引導(dǎo)的疑問句肯定回答用()①—MustIhandinmyexercisebooknow,?—No,.’’’()②Youdon’thavetogotobedtoolateatnight.’’’【2013湖南邵陽】27.—MustIhanditintoday?—. Youcandoittomorrow.'t 't 't【2013廣東廣州】20.—MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,.’t ’t ’t ’t【2013湖南婁底】25.—MustIstartnow?—No,you_________'''t.我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐得太久了?！窘馕觥縲ithoutdoingsth.,thengotoadoctor.如果你的頭和脖子明天還疼的話，就去看醫(yī)生?！窘馕?】neck/nek/n.頸；脖子neckandneck不分上下，勢均力敵【解析2】hurt/h3：(r)t/v.(hurt/h3：(r)t/)(使痛；受傷)表示肉體感到疼痛或不適，使用時應(yīng)用疼痛的具體部位作主語。Myleghurts.:昨天上午9:00,26路公共汽車正沿著中華路行駛，這時，司機(jī)看見一位老人躺在馬路上。【解析1】along/down相同點：prep“順著；沿著”不同點：along強(qiáng)調(diào)順著水平方向down指“沿著……下坡或者往南走”【2012江蘇南京】Myfatherhashabit(習(xí)慣)ofjogging____theJinchuanRiverforanhourinthemorning.【2011襄陽】?It’stoodarkhere.,please. 【解析2】see（saw,seen）v看見看見某人做某事（看到動作發(fā)生的全過程或經(jīng)?？吹絼幼靼l(fā)生）看見某人正在做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在發(fā)生）【2012四川雅安市1】.;watching ;watch;seeing ;see【2013湖北黃石4】Seeingtheirteacher___intotheclassroom,theystopped___atonce.;;tospeak;;talking【解析3】lie/lai/v.(lay/lei/)躺；平躺lie→lay→lainv躺下，(現(xiàn)在分詞lying).liedown躺下liedownandrest躺下休息,24-year-oldWangPing,stoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.公共汽車司機(jī)，24歲的王平，毫不猶豫的停下了車。【解析】24-year-old24歲的“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞，在句中作定語，用連字符后連接，名詞用單數(shù)。()=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①Tom,____boy,istheonlychildofthefamily.【2013黑龍江綏化】Sheisa_____girlwithtwobigeyes.他下車問那名婦女發(fā)生了什么事?！窘馕觥縢etoff下車(反）geton上車【2012江蘇徐州】Don’tforgettotakeyourbagwhenyou___thebus.【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語：getup起床getback回來；取回getover克服；度過geton／alongwellwith與……相處融洽getinaword插話getto到達(dá)【2013山東濱州4】32.—Somanyproblems!I’mtired.—. 【2013新疆烏魯木齊2】,he’llmakegreatprogress. ,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但令他吃驚的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去醫(yī)院?！窘馕觥縮urprise[s?'pra?z]=1\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑴v使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的→surprisedadj.吃驚的surprisesb使某人吃驚Thebadnewssurprisedme.besurprisedat對……感到吃驚besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到驚訝besurprised+that從句因...而驚訝Surprise=2\*GB2\*MERGEFORMAT⑵n驚訝”toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地①__________________(使我吃驚的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.②Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)()③___hissurprise,shesucceededinclimbingupthehighmountain.【2011昭通】Iwasverysurprisedwhenthealienwentintoasouvenirshop.【2012山東東營市4】WhitneyHuston. B. angry 【2013棗莊】

【解析2】agreev→(反)disagree–agreementn同意(1)agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou.(2)agreetodosth同意做某事①—Doyouagreewithhim?—No,I___________(agree)withhim.()②—IthinkEnglishismoreusefulthanChinese.—Idon’.多虧了王先生和乘客的幫助，醫(yī)生及時挽救了那位老人的生命?！窘馕?】thanksto對虧；由于⑴thanksto為習(xí)語介詞，thanks不可以改為，to后也不接，這個短語表示原因，意為“由于”、“多虧”，to表示感謝的對象⑵thanksfor，意為“因……而感謝”，for強(qiáng)調(diào)為何而感謝，其后可接名詞或v-ingthanks相當(dāng)于，【2013黑龍江綏化】,I’vemadegreatprogress. 【2013呼和浩特】，shehasnowbecomeafamousfilmstar. 【解析2】ontime準(zhǔn)時/intime及時ontime=atexactlytherighttime.準(zhǔn)時（在規(guī)定的時間之內(nèi)）強(qiáng)調(diào)與某個時刻一致intime=withenoughtimetospare/notlate及時（恰在時間點上）表示動作在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)或比規(guī)定時間提前發(fā)生【記】Shedidn’tcatchthe___________,soshecouldn’tarrivethere__________.【短語】attimes=sometimes有時haveagoodtime玩得高興havetime=befree有空allthetime一直atthesametime同時bythetime到……時候forthefirsttime第一次【句型】It’stimetodosth=It’stimeforsth是該做某事的時間了做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間s【湖北岳陽】Iknewitwasimpossibleforme__________(按時上班)whenImissedthelastbus.【山東東營】Tomdidn’tgotoschool_____thismorningbecauseheoverslept.【2013湖北黃石4】Theteacherhopeallofuscanhand____ourhomework____timeeveryday.;;;;on’tthinkabouthimself.但是這位司機(jī)完全沒有考慮他自己?！窘馕觥縯hinkabout考慮；認(rèn)為【短語】：thinkabout考慮thinkof想起thinkover仔細(xì)考慮thinkup=comeupwith想出【諺語】Thinkbeforeyouact三思而后行()①Weneed______________(想出)aplan.()②Mymothercameupwithagoodideawhichweallagreedto.路公共汽車在中華路上撞到了一位老人【解析】hit/hit/v.(hit/hit/)(用手或器具）擊；打hitsb.擊中/撞到某人Theballhithimintheface.Doyouagreethatpeopleoftendonothelpothersbecausetheydonotwanttogetintotrouble?人們常常不去幫助別人是因為他們不想惹麻煩?！窘馕觥縯rouble/'tr?bl/n.問題；苦惱getintotrouble造成麻煩（或煩惱）beintrouble處于困境中havetrouble（in)doingsth做某事有困難【2012大理】’shelphim.珍妮傷著自己了【解析】herself/h3:(r)'self/pron.(she的反身代詞）她自己【解析】反身代詞(1)反身代詞的構(gòu)成◆一、二人稱的反身代詞構(gòu)成:形容詞性物主代詞+self/selves構(gòu)成單數(shù)myselfyourself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselves◆第三人稱的反身代詞構(gòu)成:第三人稱賓格+self/selves單數(shù)：himselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)：themselves(2)反身代詞的常見搭配：enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高興teachoneself=learn…byoneself自學(xué)byoneself=alone獨自helponeselfto隨便吃introduceoneselfto自我介紹(3)反身代詞必須與主語保持人稱的一致?！緶刂?】4.—I’’malittlebitnervous.—’rethebestinourclub. 【聊城2】,pleasehelp______tosomebread.------Thankyou.【廣東八地市4】,don’youreyestoplaycomputergamesforalongtime.【2013山東聊城】28.

—

Jim,

please

help

______

to

some

bread

.

—-

Thank

you.

A.

himself

.

B.

yourself

.

C.

herself

D.

myself?你跌倒了嗎？【解析】fall→fell→fallenv落下；跌落falldown摔倒，（強(qiáng)調(diào)“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接賓語時，應(yīng)加上介詞fromShefelldownfromherbikefalloff指從某物上跌落下來。Thegirlfelloffthebike.=Thegirlfelldownfromthebike.fallinto落入Theleaffellintotheriver.fallbehind落后fallinlovewithsb.愛上某人fallasleep入睡()It’snoteasyforLindato_____lastnight,becauseshewastooexcited.【2013湖北武漢】35.—Whatdoestheinstructionsay?—Thecolorsinthedresswill_______ifyouusehotwater.

SectionB

Someonefeltsick.有人生病了?！窘馕觥縡eelsick生病；不舒服sick/illadj.生病的(1)sickadj.“生病的”，既可放be(系動詞)后作表語，也可放n.前作定語。besickof…“討厭；厭惡……”sickperson=patient“病人”(2)illadj.“生病的”，只能放be(系動詞)后作表語，beillinhospital生病住院ill→illnessn.“病；疾病”=1\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT①Ithinkher(ill)isveryserious.我認(rèn)為她的病是很嚴(yán)重。()=2\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT②The___girlwassenttohospitalbyhermotheryesterday.阿倫.羅爾斯是一名熱愛登山運(yùn)動的美國人?！窘馕?】who引導(dǎo)的定語從句定語從句：定義：用一個句子來修飾前面的名詞或代詞的句子，叫做定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫做關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。Heistheboywho/thatoftenhelpsme.who指人，在定語從句中作主語【2013吉林】5.—Doyouknowthelittleboy_______ishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroad?—!【解析2】beinterestedininterest⑴n興趣→interestingadj.令人有興趣的（表語/定語）→interestedadj.對……感興趣（只做表語）⑵interestv.引起……關(guān)注；使……感興趣beinterestedinsth./doingsth.對……變得感興趣=showgreatinterestinsth./doingsth.表現(xiàn)出對……的極大興趣;(1)take/haveaninterestin=beinterestedin對……感興趣(2)placesofinterest名勝loseinterestin失去興趣()Thisbookisvery_____andIam____init.;;interested;;interested【2013賀州】’.【2013寧波】109.—WhatfunTheCroodsis!—Yeah!Ilikethemovie,'sso_______.作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險。【解析1】asprep，"作為"，"以……身份"。【2013淄博】,'sveryimportanttoteachthestudentshowtolearn.【解析2】beusedto(doing)習(xí)慣于（做）；適應(yīng)于（做）【用法】(1)usev.使用→usefuladj.有用的useup用完StudyingEnglishis__________(use).(2)usesthtodosth用某物做某事WeuseInternet__________(find)information.(3)usedtodosth過去常常做某事，表示過去做過的事現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做，只用于過去時態(tài)。Iusedtogetupatsix.(4)be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事Mygrandpaisused___________(live)incountry.(5)beusedtodosth被用來做某事=beusedfordoingsthStampsisused____________(post)letters.【記】.他以前常戴（框架）眼鏡，但現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣戴隱形眼鏡。【2013湖北隨州】33.–HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?—He______driveacar,butnowhe______theretoloseweight.;;isusedtowalking;;isusedtowalking【2013四川雅安】【2013黑龍江龍東】,butshedoesn’tnow.【2013貴州安順】做危險的運(yùn)動時令人興奮的事情之一【解析】oneof…......之一【結(jié)構(gòu)】“oneof+the+adj.最高級+n復(fù)數(shù)”，做主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。OneofthemostpopularcolorsisredinChina.【2011曲靖中考】Agoodbookmaybeoneofyourbest__________(friend).【2011曲靖中考】Qujingisoneof____citiesinYunnan,andhasattractedmanypeoplelivingandworkinghere.【重慶市2012】－Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmyousawyesterday?－Oh!It’soneof______filmsI’veeverseen.【2013漳州】19.—DoyouknowLinShuhao?—.很多次阿倫因為出事故幾乎喪命?！窘馕?】almost/nearlyalmost和nearly作為副詞,都可以譯為“差不多”、“幾乎”、“將近”等。都是程度副詞,可以用來修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞和名詞,有時它們可以相互取代【解析2】lose→lost→lostv失去loseone’slife失去生命【解析3】becauseof由于；因為【拓展】because/becauseof【記】：跟句子時用because,加名詞短語時用becauseof詞性用法because連詞后接句子becauseof介詞短語后接名詞或/ving【注】：(1)becauseof+n/ving/代詞賓格(用于句中)She’sworriedbecauseofherson.(2)becauseconj+從句（引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句）Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.(3)because還可以回答why引導(dǎo)的句子—Whydoyoulikepandas?—Becausetheyarecute.(4)because和so不能一起連用，二者只能用其一。()①Wecouldn’tdrinkthemilk___itwastoohot.()②Hecan’tgotoschool______illness.()③Theoldmanwastootired______doingthefarmwork.【2013.宜賓】MoYan’sbookshavebeensoldoutinmanybookstores___hiswinningoftheNobelLiteraturePrize.2003年4月26日，阿倫在猶他州登山的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個極其危險的狀態(tài)?！窘馕?】on修飾具體的某一天on

a

Sunday

morning;

on

Friday【2013大連】

America,people

start

celebrating

the

New

Year

_____31st

December.

【2013梅州】29.—WhendidtheearthquakeinLushanhappen?—Ithappened____8:02______themorningofApril20,2013.;in ;in ;on ;on【解析2】find→found→foundv尋找(1)發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難()Shefound___hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.那天，阿倫在獨自登山的時候，他的手臂被掉在他身上的2000多斤的巖石壓住了?！窘馕觥縝yoneself=alone=onone’sownadj.單獨的，指無人陪伴的客觀事實，不帶感情色彩。()Hedidtheworkallbyhimself.【2013廣州2】’tsolvetheproblemby___.但是當(dāng)他的水也用完的時候，他意識到他必須做些什么去挽救他自己的生命。【解析1】run→ran→runv跑runoutof=useup用完【區(qū)別】：runoutof其主語通常是人runout其主語通常是物【短語】：runacross偶然遇見runafter追求，追逐runaway逃跑runat向…..沖去【2012廣西玉林】somenow.【2012曲靖中考】,’saskingmeforhelp. 【解析2】own①adj.自己的②v擁有→ownern所有者，物主one’sown某人自己的ofone’sown/one’sown+n某人自己的(one’s要用adj.物主代詞代替)Iwanttohaveabighouseofmyown.【2012四川南充3】Theycanwearclothes____.然后，他用左手給自己綁上繃帶，以至于不流太多的血【解析1】sothat以便，為了引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句常出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動詞may/could等，Theboyspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.為了能趕上車，她起得很早。(目的狀語從句)【2012廣東河源】Theteacherspeaksveryloudly____allthestudentscanhearher.【解析1】mean→meant→meantv意味著→meaningn意思(1)meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打算做某事【拓展】詢問“......的意思”的常用句型：Whatdoes...mean?Whatisthemeaningof...?①Imean_________tomorrow.(go)()②Whatdoyouthink“joy”______?【解析2】getoutof離開，從……出來【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語：get

up起床

get

to到達(dá)

getback返回get

on

上車

get

off

下車get

on

with

與……友好相處；Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecision,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.在這本書里，阿倫講述了好好做出決定以及掌握自己命運(yùn)的重要性?！窘馕?】importantadj.重要的（反）unimportan→importancen重要性①M(fèi)yparentshavetaughtme____________(…..的重要性)ofworkinghard.②Anyonecanseethe____________(important)ofgoodhealth.【解析2】decidev決定→-decisionn決定(1)decidetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosth決定做某事(2)makeadecision做決定①Tomdecided_________________(study)Englishwell.②ThenextmorningAlicemadea_________(decide).Shewouldtellhermotherthetruth.()=3\*GB3\*MERGEFORMAT③Mybrothermakesuphismindtostudymedicine.【四川南充】.【解析3】beincontrolof掌管；管理Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.他是如此的熱愛爬山甚至與經(jīng)歷這次事故之后，他仍然繼續(xù)爬山?！窘馕?】so…that如此…..以致……“So+adj.+that”“如此……以至……”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句so后