Unit+4+History+and+traditions+圖文單詞解析課件【知識精講+備課精研】高中英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊

Unit4圖文單詞解析Confucius[k?n'fju???s]孔子TempleofConfuciusCemeteryofConfucius孔廟孔林（墓地）mansion[?m?n?n]n.公館；宅第cemetery[?sem?tri]n.墓地；公墓philosophy[f??l?s?fi]n.哲學(xué)descendant[d??send?nt]n.后裔；后代；子孫Chinesedescendant炎黃子孫SheisadescendantofGhengisKhan.她是成吉思汗的后代。4.individualadj.單獨(dú)的；個別的n.個人individualdifference個體差異①Weinterviewedeachindividual

memberofthecommunity.我們采訪了社區(qū)中的每個成員。②Thecompetitionisopentobothteamsandindividuals.團(tuán)隊(duì)和個人均可參加比賽。同根詞

individuallyadv.分別地；單獨(dú)地heel[hi?l]n.足跟；（腳、襪子、鞋等的）后跟Achilles’heel[??kili:z]（喻）（希臘神話）阿喀琉斯的腳跟，致命的弱點(diǎn)kingdom

[?k??d?m]

n.王國；領(lǐng)域5.kingdomn.王國；領(lǐng)域；管轄范圍theUnitedKingdom聯(lián)合王國拓展：kingpin主要人物kingship王位king-size特大的kingfisher翠鳥chief[t?i?f]adj.最重要的；最高級別的n.（公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的）首領(lǐng)；酋長6.chief

adj.最重要的;最高級別的=mostimportant;miann.(公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的)首領(lǐng);酋長(復(fù)數(shù):chiefs)同根詞

：主要地adv.chiefly拓展：thechiefproblem/reason:主要問題/原因(理由)CEO=ChiefExecutive（adj.行政的，）Officer①Accordingtothetext,whataretwochiefadvantagesofstudyingthehistoryofacountry?根據(jù)課文，學(xué)習(xí)一個國家的歷史的兩個主要優(yōu)勢是什么?puzzle[?p?zl]n.謎；智力游戲；疑問vt.迷惑；使困惑1.1.Heworea

expression,maybetheproblemwasquite__________________.2.Somepeoplearepuzzled________thefactthatheisstillsingle.3._________________（使我困惑的是）isthatIdon’tknowtheexacttimeforthetest.bypuzzled／confusedpuzzling/confusingWhatpuzzlesmenearby[?n???ba?]adj.附近的；鄰近的adv.在附近join…to…[略]把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來breakaway(fromsb/sth)[略]脫離；背叛；逃脫(1)breakawayfrom脫離；背叛；逃脫(2)breakup

打碎；分裂，解體；結(jié)束；(關(guān)系等)破裂(3)breakdown

出故障；垮掉；失敗(4)breakinto

破門而入；突然......起來（及物動詞短語）(5)breakin

破門而入；打斷，插嘴（不及物動詞短語）(6)breakout

(戰(zhàn)爭、洪水、火災(zāi)等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)

breakawayfrom(1)TheUnionfirstconsistedofseveralcountries,whichbrokeaway______itlaterbecauseofconflicts.(2)Itwasthefactthathiscarbroke______onthewaythisafternoonthatmadehimlateforthemeeting.(3)---I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhavebroken_____.---SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.(4)Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebodyhadbroken______theofficeduringthenight.單句語法填空downfromintoupbelongto[略]屬于11.belongThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomwork…(P40)①Wheredotheseplatesbelong？

這些盤子_______哪里？②Paper－cuttinghasahistoryofover1,500years,belongingtotraditionalartinChina．剪紙有1,500多年的歷史，______中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。③Shepackedafewofherbelongingsinabagandleft．她把她的幾件____裝進(jìn)包里便離開了。屬于vi.應(yīng)在（某處）；適應(yīng)

東西應(yīng)放在belongingsn.附屬品；財物belongto

屬于…;是…的成員/一部分

不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)belongingto做后置定語時，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句belongto屬于…;是…的成員/一部分

①belongto不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)。②belongingto做后置定語時，相當(dāng)于含有belongto的定語從句。③belongto中的to是介詞，后接名詞或代詞作賓語，但不能接名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞。belongings

n.附屬品；財物asenseofbelonging歸屬感歸納：

(1)單句語法填空①Thehousehadbelonged________herfamilyforthreeorfourgenerations．②Manyofherpersonal___________(belong)hadbeenstolen．(2)單句寫作離開教室之前記得帶走屬于你的所有東西。belongingsto②Remembertotakeeverything_________________youbeforeleavingtheclassroom.（用定從）①Remembertotakeeverything_________________youbeforeleavingtheclassroom.belongingtothatbelongstoaswellas[略]同（一樣也）；和；還12.aswellas同(一樣也);和;還拓展：(1)aswellas“既……又……”,可連接兩個平行結(jié)構(gòu)。連接兩個名詞作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與aswellas之前的主語一致。(2)aswell“也;又;還”,常放在句子末尾,作為副詞短語使用。(3)may/mightaswelldosth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事①Amy,aswellasherbrothers,

(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.

②Thedeadlinefortheprojectisaroundthecorner,sowe

aswellgetsomehelp.

③Aswellas

(have)difficultyadaptingherselftothenewschoollife,shefoundtheculturedifferencewasanotherchallengeforher.

注：aswellas用作介詞，相當(dāng)于besides,inadditionto,意思是“除...之外”，后面常接名詞或動名詞，尤其是位于句首時。wasgivenmay/mighthavingcurrency[?k?r?nsi]n.通貨；貨幣Bitary[?m?l?tri]adj.軍事的；軍用的defence[d??fens]n.防御；保衛(wèi)15.defendv.防御，保護(hù)，辯解，辯護(hù)→defencen防御；保衛(wèi)拓展：defend...against/from...保衛(wèi)......免受......

defendagainst防御defendoneself自衛(wèi)；自我辯護(hù)；indefenceof...為保衛(wèi)......；為......辯護(hù)

Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument.有什么論點(diǎn)能提出來為這個說法辯護(hù)？溫馨提示：與defend...from/against...用法類似的還有：prevent...(from)...;stop...(from)...;keep...from...;protect...from/against...在被動語態(tài)中from都不可省略。legal[?li?ɡl]adj.法律的；合法的16legal['li?g(?)l]adj.

法律的;合法的;法定的拓展：legallyadv.法律上；合法地illegallyadv.不合法地Itislegaltodosth做某事是合法的①(2019浙江)出于法律原因，大多數(shù)餐館都有禁止轉(zhuǎn)送廚余食物的政策。Forlegalreasons,mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainstgivingawayfoodwaste.②(2017天津)它將把無人駕駛汽車置于與人類司機(jī)同等的法律地位。Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegal

footingtohumandrivers.surround[s??ra?nd]vt.圍繞；包圍17surroundvt.圍繞;包圍(1)surround...with...用……包圍……besurroundedby/with被……包圍(2)surroundingadj.周圍的;附近的surroundingsn.環(huán)境17surroundvt.圍繞;包圍①Thiscountyissurrounded

rollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.

②The

(surround)villageshavebeenincludedintothegrowingcity.

③Thebuildingshavebeendesignedtoblendinwiththeir_____________(surround).

注：surroundings用復(fù)數(shù)形式，主要指周圍的具體物質(zhì)環(huán)境。environment是集合名詞單數(shù)，既可表示抽象概念，也可表示具體意義，指對人的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響的自然環(huán)境或生活環(huán)境。by/withsurrounding

surroundings

evidence[?ev?d?ns]n.證據(jù)；證明18evidencen.證據(jù)，根據(jù)，證明拓展：evidentadj.清楚的；明白的；顯而易見的

evidentlyadv.明顯地；顯然地

尋找證據(jù):lookfor/searchforevidence

找到證據(jù):findevidence

（出庭）作證:giveevidence

一項(xiàng)證據(jù):apieceofevidence.evidencen.證據(jù)；證明(1)Thereisevidence_____globalclimateisgettingwarmer.(2)_______________(很明顯)theyhaveexperienceinthiswork.It’sevidentthat…

很明顯……thatIt’sevidentthatThereissome/noevidencethat...有證據(jù)證明…inevidence顯眼；顯而易見achievement[??t?i?vm?nt]n.成就；成績；達(dá)到2.

achievementn.成就；成績；達(dá)到achieveone’sgoal實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo)achieveone’ssuccess取得成功asenseofachievement成就感(1)他終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)，成為一名鋼琴家。Heeventually_____________________________________.(2)We__________________________(感到成就感)whenwereachedthetopofthemountain.achievedhisgoalofbecomingapianistfeltasenseofachievementlocation[l???ke??n]

n.地方；地點(diǎn)；位置conquer[?k??k?(r)]vt.占領(lǐng)；征服；控制battle[b?tl]n.戰(zhàn)役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗；奮斗port[p??t]n.港口（城市）fascinating[?f?s?ne?t??]adj.極有吸引力的；迷人的keepyoureyesopen(for)[略]留心；留意charge

[t?ɑ?d?]

]n.收費(fèi)；指控；主管vt.收費(fèi)；控告；充電24.charge

n.收費(fèi);指控;主管

vt.收費(fèi);控告;充電拓展：(1)charge

sb

with

sth因某事控告某人charge

sb

for

sth向某人索取……的費(fèi)用(2)free

of

charge/for

free

免費(fèi)in

charge(of)主管;負(fù)責(zé);照顧in

the

charge

of/in

one’s

charge由某人負(fù)責(zé);由某人管理take

charge

of掌管;負(fù)責(zé);看管①Wehaveenoughconfidencetochargeyou

abuseofpower.

②Thegenerousownerofthepubchargedusonlyasmallamountofmoney

wineandbeer.

③Yourorderwillbedeliveredfree

chargewithinaten-milelimit.

④Hecan’ttakecharge

thecomputercompanybecauseitisbeyondhisability.

with

for

of

of

(1)Yourorderwillbesentfree____charge.(2)Shetookcharge____thefamilybusiness,whenherfatherdied.(3)Shehasyettobecharged______anycrime.(4)Thegirlwassafelyin_____chargeofanurse.ofofwiththe這家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。①M(fèi)issGreenis

thecompany.②Thecompanyis

MissGreen.③Thecompanyis

.in

charge

ofin

the

charge

ofin

Miss

Green’s

chargeannounce[??na?ns]vt.宣布；通知；聲稱

announcement

n.

通告;宣告

announcer

n.

廣播員；播音員announcesth.tosb向某人宣告某事Itisannouncedthat據(jù)宣布...makeanannouncement宣布16.announcev.宣布；通知；聲稱②announcesth.tosb./announcetosb.sth./announcetosb.that③asisannounced①ProfessorWangisannounced_______(come)tomakeaspeechabouthisadventuresatsea.②Iwillalways___________mygoals_____theworld.(announce)③單句寫作：正如新聞所說，78歲的拜登(Biden)將成為美國的新一屆總統(tǒng)。向某人宣布正如宣布的那樣tocomeannounceto_____________inthenews,the78-year-oldBidenwillbecomethenewpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Asisannoucedamount[??ma?nt]n.金額；數(shù)量

[??ma?nt]

alargeamountof+不可數(shù)

大量，許多（謂單）largeamountsof+不可數(shù)大量，許多（謂復(fù)）1)Alargeamountofwater______(have)beenpolluted.2)Largeamountsofwater______(have)beenpolluted.theamountof...的總數(shù)量8.amount

n.金額；數(shù)量

hashaveamountto等于；達(dá)到25.amount

n.金額;數(shù)量

v.總計,共計;相當(dāng)于,等于（2)amount

to等于;達(dá)到“許多/大量……”集合:anumberof只接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。agreatdealof,agreatamountof(largeamountsof)只接不可數(shù)名詞。alotof(lotsof),plentyof,alargequantityof(largequantitiesof)既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。①Largeamountsofhoneyandbutter

(be)usedtomakethiskindofsnack.

②Alargeamountofmoney

(be)spentontheconstructionoftheschoollastyear.

③Thetotalsalesofthecompanydidn’tamount

morethanamilliondollars.

were

was

to

gallery[?ɡ?l?ri]n.（藝術(shù)作品的）展覽館；畫廊approach[??pr??t?]n.方法；途徑；接近vt.接近；接洽；著手處理vi.靠近

讀句子，感受approach的詞性,詞義及相關(guān)用法：1)

Asyouapproachthetown,you'llseethecollegeontheleft.2)What'sthebestwayofapproaching

thisproblem?

3)Springisapproaching.4)Inmyview,thebestapproachtoworkingoutistogojoggingeveryday.vt.接近vt.著手處理vi.靠近n.方式6.approach

v.&n.approach

用法歸納:(1)approach

vt.

接近；接洽；著手處理

approachthehouse走近房子

approachtheproblem/matter處理問題(2)approach

n.

方法；途徑；接近

theapproachof.........的來臨/臨近

attheapproachof在......快到的時候

anapproachto(doing)sth.（做）某事的方法/方式(3)approachable

adj.可接近的；和藹可親的；易理解的

approaching

adj.接近的；逼近的[易混辨析]:approach，way，method，means※approach除了意為“方法”之外，還有“接近；途徑”的意思，常用an/theapproachto＋n./doingsth.※way使用范圍廣，常用于具體事物或口語中；前面與in搭配，后面接todo/ofdoing?！鵰ethod指條理的、系統(tǒng)的辦法；前面與with搭配，后面接of＋n.

/doing※means指實(shí)現(xiàn)目的的手段或使用某種交通工具的方式；前面與by搭配，后面接ofdoinginthewaytodo/ofdoingsth.withthemethodof+n./doingsth.bythemeansofdoingsth.(1)Whatweneedarenewapproaches_____solvingtheproblem.(2)Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachto__________(work)thingsout.(3)_____thisway,wecangetalongwitheachotherhappilyandpeacefully.(4)However,therearealsosomeproblems_______thisteachingmethod.單句語法填空workingtoInAttheapproachof完成句子with___________________(......快到的時候)theinterview,hebecamerathernervousandupset.ensure[?n????(r)]vt.保證；確保；擔(dān)保landscape[?l?ndske?p]n.（陸上，尤指鄉(xiāng)村的）風(fēng)景generous[?d?en?r?s]

adj.慷慨的；大方的；豐富的butter[?b?t?(r)]n.黃油；奶油vt.涂黃油于honey[?h?ni]n.蜂蜜ancestor[??nsest?(r)]n.祖宗；祖先position[p??z??n]

n.位置；姿態(tài)；職位vt.安裝；安置courtyard[?k??tjɑ?d]n.庭院；院子snack[sn?k]n.點(diǎn)心；小吃eager[?i?ɡ?(r)]adj.熱切的；渴望的29.eageradj.渴望的;熱切的拓展：(1)be

eager

to

do

sth渴望做某事be

eager

for

sth渴望得到某物(2)eagerly

adv.熱切地;急切地(3)eagerness

n.熱切;渴望with

eagerness熱切地;急切地hide

one’s

eagerness掩飾某人的渴望①Assoonaswecametothenewcity,wefoundourselveseager

(have)atasteoflocalsnacksandbeer.

②Theyoungmanwaseager

acarafterhegraduatedfromcollege.

tohavefor

poet[?p???t]n.詩人county[?ka?nti]（英國、愛爾蘭的）郡；（美國的）縣feast[fi?st]n.盛宴；宴會；節(jié)日roll[r??l]vi.&vt.（使）翻滾；（使）滾動n.卷（軸）；翻滾30.

rollv.（使）翻滾

（使）滾動

n.卷軸；翻滾；

小面包條

；脂肪；名單拓展：arolloffilm一卷膠卷aforwardroll前滾翻

rollin大量涌入

rolldown滾下

①Theballrolleddownthehill.球滾下了山。