新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Theworldofscience一StartingoutUnderstandingideas知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)練含解析外研版必修第三冊(cè)

/07/7/Unit3Theworldofscience課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)Startingout&Understandingideas必備知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Whenhecameintothehouse,Drago________(按)abuttonandthedoorclosed.2．Suddenly,awhitelight________(射出)towardsmyeyes,andIcouldseenothing.3．5Gisalsoexpectedtoconnectself-drivingcarsandsupportnewtechnologiesinvolving________(虛擬的)reality.4．Itasksyoutoactlikewater—tobe________(柔韌的)aswellasstrong.5．Hehasa________(渴望)forsuccessthoughhehasfailedmanytimes.6．Ileftmycarlightsonallnightandnowthe________(電池)isflat.7．Smokejumpersmustalsobe________(有能力的)ofsurvivinginthewilderness.8．Couldyoumoveallthat________(東西)offthetable?Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Inadditionto____________(give)ageneralintroductiontocomputers,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.2．Dogsseemtounderstandourneedsandhaveadesire____________(help)usout.3．Thewordis____________(flexible)thanyouthinkandit'swaitingforyoutohammeritintoshape.4．Thehalliscapable____________holdingaboutthreehundredpeople.5．Inherdiary,Janehassetdownsomeimportanthistoriceventsaswell____________aseriesoffacts.6．Itisbelievedthatitishisabilitytoworkunder____________(press)thatledtohisgreatsuccess.7．Hefelthecouldreallystartlookingforthedaywhenhecouldturnhisdreamintoa____________(real)．8．WhentheSnowWhitecametoherself，shefound____________(she)surroundedbysevendwarves.9．Jennyaswellasherparents____________(be)verykindtome.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我建議她盡快回家，因?yàn)樘鞚u漸黑了。Isuggestedthatshe________________assoonaspossibleasitwasgettingdark.2．他的微笑表明他對(duì)我們的工作滿(mǎn)意。Hissmilesuggestedthathe________________ourwork.3．毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，《玩具總動(dòng)員4》是迄今為止我所看過(guò)的最感人的電影。________________ToyStory4isthemostmovingfilmIhaveeverseen.4．他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。________________wasstillaproblem.5．抵達(dá)時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他正在機(jī)場(chǎng)等著我們。Whenarriving,we________________attheairport.6．他到家時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)家里被偷了。Whenhearrivedhome,he________________.7．最后，我們照了一張合影，手里拿著杯子或茶，來(lái)記錄這次難忘的經(jīng)歷。Intheend,wetookagroupphotos，________________，torecordthisunforgettableexperience.8．我的經(jīng)歷告訴我，不是你被給予了什么而是你如何利用它決定著你是誰(shuí)。Myexperiencetellsmethat________________youaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofit________________determineswhoyouare.Ⅳ.課文語(yǔ)法填空1.________Fairhurst,1.________newbookTheNewAgeofInventionhasjustbeenpublished,isbeinginterviewed.Thefollowingiswhathetellsus.2.________2.________(be)goldenagesofinventionthroughouthistory.InAncientChina,therewerethefourgreat3.________(invention):gunpowder,papermaking,printingandthecompass.They4.________(change)theworldforever.TherewerethegreatWesterninventions:thesteamengine,thetelephoneand5.________radio.Andnow,weareinthegreatnewageoftechnology,whenmostofthenewgreatinventionsaretech-based.Forexample,advancesinvirtual6.________(real),wearabletechandtheflexiblebattery,meanweshouldsoonbeseeingfurtherdevelopments.7.________addition,newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.What'smore,it'spossible8.________(create)anintelligentwalkinghouse.Mostinventionsstartwith9.________(recognise)aproblemthatneedsasolution.Butwhatremains10.________(importance)isthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.關(guān)鍵能力提升練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第二層Ⅰ.閱讀AJaneGoodallisbestknownforher26-yearstudyofthechimpsinthewild.There,shemadeseveralrevolutionarydiscoveriesthatmadeheroneofthegreatestfieldscientistsofthe20thcentury.BorninLondonin1934,theexpectationsforJanewerestandardforthetime:amarriagetoaniceman,followedbyafewchildren.Fortunately,hermotherneverdiscouragedherinterests:animalsandthenaturalworld.OncehermotherdiscoveredthatlittleJanehadbroughtahandfulofworms(幼蟲(chóng))tobed;ratherthanscreaming,sheexplainedthathernewlittlefriendsneededthesoiltolive,andtogether,theytookthembacktothegarden.JanewasabookwormwhoadmiredDoctorDolittleandlovedtheTarzannovels.Readingdiditsusualquietbutlife-changingthing:JanedevelopedadreamtogotoAfricaandliveamongthewildanimals.JanerealizedherdreamonJuly14,l960whenshearrivedatGombeStreamGameReservetostudythechimps.However，fortwomonths，thechimpsescapedwhentheyheardhercoming.Theonlythingshesawwasthebackofachimp,runningawayfromher.“ThemoreIthoughtofthetaskIhadsetmyself,themorediscouragedIbecame，”Janewroteinherfirstbook,IntheshadowofMan.Eventually,shebecamefamiliarwithamalechimpandhisbigfamily.Sheobservedthemkiss,hug,pateachotherontheback,shaketheirfingersateachother.Shewatchedthemactveryhuman-like.Oneday,movingquietlythroughthejungle,Janesawthemalechimpsitbesidealargetermitemound(白蟻土堆).Hekepttakingsmallbranchesfromtreesandputtingthemintheholestofishtheants.Inanycase，Jane'sdiscoverybecamethetalkofthescientificworld.Harvard'sStephenJayGouldobserved,“Wemustnowre-thinkwhatthewords‘tool’and‘man’meanoracceptchimpsashumans.”1.WhatdidJane'smotherdowhenshefoundthewormsonthebed?A．Shestudiedthemcarefully.B．Sheshoutedatherdaughter.C．Shethrewthemintothegarden.D．Sheexplainedtheylikedthesoil.2．WhichisthemajorreasonthatmadeJanedreamofworkinginthewild?A．DoctorDolittle'sinvitation.B．Herinterestinchimps.C．Thereadinginherchildhood.D．Hermother'sencouragement.3．HowdidJanefeelduringthefirsttwomonthsinAfrica?A．Lonely.B．Frightened.C．Hopeless.D．Content.4．WhatdidStephenJayGould'swordsimply?A．Chimpsshouldbeacceptedashumans.B．Jane'sdiscoveryisofgreatimportance.C．Onlyhumanbeingsknowhowtomakeuseoftools.D．Thescientistsshouldconfirmthemeaningofthewords.BInspiredbya9-year-oldcyclist,LaurenTurner,whocanonlyuseonehand,agroupofUniversityofGuelphstudentshaswonaninternationalawardfortheirinvention—abikebrakelever(剎車(chē)手柄)thatpullsboththefrontbrakeandthebackbrakeatthesametime.LaurenTurnerwasabletorideherbike,butnotasconfidentlyandquicklyasherfriends.“Shecouldn'tusethefrontbrake.Sheonlyusedthebackbrake,butthefrontbrakemakesyoustoptwiceasfast，”saysMichaWallace,who,withKatieBell,AninaSakaguchiandAndrewMorrieswonsecondprizeintheJamesDysonAwardfortheirsingle-handedbikebrakelever.“LaurenTurnertriedthedevice(裝置)firstandsheuseditalllastsummer.Shehadnoproblems.Ithelpedhergofasterbecauseshefeltmoreconfidentinherbrakingabilities.Shefeltsafer.”saysWallace.Theinventionwasthefourth-yeardesignprojectforthefourstudents.Theydesigned,testedandcreatedaprototype(原型)withinafour-monthperiod.WhenWallaceheardabouttheJamesDysonAwardonthenews,sheandherco-inventorsenteredtheirprojectintheU．K.-basedcontest，whichrewardsstudentsdesignerswhocreateproductsthatimprovethewaywelive.Thestudentscollectedthe_runner-up_prize—￡2,000forthemand￡500fortheirschool.Aswell,theyhadachancetomeetJamesDyson,aU．K.famousinventor.Praisingthestudentsfortheirinvention,Dysonsaysthesingle-handedbikebrakelevercouldimprovesafetyforallcyclists.Byusingbothbrakesatonce,youcouldpreventthepossibilityofflyingoverthehandlebarsandendingupwithaninjury.Thestudentshopetosellittoamajorcompany.Itmaybeusedinotherdevicesthatrequiretwohandsforoperation.5．Accordingtothepassage,theJamesDysonAwardwasnamedafter________.A．a(chǎn)well-knownplaceB．a(chǎn)famousinventorC．a(chǎn)famousuniversityD．a(chǎn)governmentleader6．Theunderlinedpart“therunner-upprize”inParagraph6means________.A．thesecondprizeB．therichprizeC．thetopprizeD．theprizeforrunners7．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthebikebrakelever________.A．hasalreadybeenwidelyusedB．canonlyservethedisabledcyclistsC．canprotectyoufromanyinjuriesD．mayhaveawidemarketinthefutureⅡ.七選五Iworkasameteorologist(氣象學(xué)家)inTampa，F(xiàn)lorida.It'smyjobtofollowhurricanesandprovideinformationaboutthemtoscientists.IwasworkingfortheNationalMeteorologicalOfficeinBracknell,nearLondon,intheautumnof1995,andIsawadocumentarycalledStormchaserswithfamily.__1__TwomonthslaterIcameacrossanadforameteorologisttoworkinFlorida.Iwasinterviewedoverthephone,movedtotheUS,andstartedtoworkhereinTampainMay1996.__2__Ihavebeenallovertheworldhuntinghurricanes.It'sexcitingtoendupindifferentcitiesanddifferentcountriesdayafterday.Ifyouareameteorologist，youhavetoloveflying.Ialsoloveworkingwithtopscientists.__3__Forme，it'slikeaclassroominthesky.Peopleoftenaskmewhatanaveragedayislike.Infact,there'snosuchthingasanaveragedayinmyjob!__4__Weoftentakeoffatamoment'snoticetohuntstorms.Next,Iwouldliketojoinaspaceprogramandbethefirstmeteorologistinspace.__5__Therearen'tanyhurricanes!Ifyoualsowanttobeameteorologist,studymathandscienceandgetadegreeinmeteorology.Ihavetakenthehurricanehunterpath,butyoucoulddoresearch.A.Ihavelearnedsomuchfromthem.B．WhatIlikemostaboutmyjobisthetravel.C．It'sawonderfuljobandthepayisprettygood.D．Italldependsontheweather,andyoucan'tcontrolthat.E．However,Ihaven'tcomeupwithanexperimenttodoinspaceyet.F．Becauseofthejob,I'mawayfrommyfamilywhoallliveintheUK.G．ItwasabouthurricanehuntersandIthought,“Wow,that'saninterestingjob！”Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空RobotteachersarenowverypopularwithpupilsinsomeprimaryschoolsinROK.Comparedwithhumanteachers,therobotteachersare1.________(patient).Theynevergetangryandarealwayskindtothestudents.That's2.________thechildrencanalwaysgetonwellwiththeirrobotteachers.English-teachingrobots3.________(send)tothreeprimaryschoolslastDecember.4.________(equip)withamicrophoneandvideocamera,therobotsteachstudentsasteachers.ResearchersfoundthattheEnglish-teachingrobotshelpedraisestudents'interestsinthelanguageandbuilduptheir5.________(confident).Moreandmorestudentscametolikestudyingandtheygotbettergradesinexams.Meanwhile,otherrobotteachers，6.________canteachmath,scienceandart,havealsobeendeveloped.Manypeoplethinktheserobotteachersshouldbeused7.________farawayvillageschoolssothatthechildrentherecanalsoreceiveagoodeducation.8.________(give)ruralschoolchildrenmorelearningchances,theROK'sgovernmenthasexpressedgreatinterestin9.________(develop)theserobots.Nodoubttherewillbemoreandmorerobotteachersworkingwithstudents.Perhapstheywill10.________(complete)replacehumanteachersonedayinthefuture.Whoknows?Unit3Theworldofscience課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)Startingout&Understandingideas必備知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．pressed2.shot3.virtual4.flexible5.desire6.battery7．capable8.stuffⅡ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．giving2.tohelp3.moreflexible4.of5.as6.pressure7．reality8.herself9.isⅢ.完成句子1．(should)gohome2.wassatisfiedwith3.Thereisnodoubtthat4．Whethertheywouldsupportus5.foundhimwaitingforus6．foundhishousestolen7.withcupsorteainourhands8.itisnotwhat;thatⅣ.課文語(yǔ)法填空1．答案與解析：whose考查定語(yǔ)從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞DrRichardFairhurst，且設(shè)空處在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，故填whose。2．答案與解析：havebeen考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：貫穿整個(gè)歷史，一直有發(fā)明的黃金時(shí)代。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3．答案與解析：inventions考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的four可知答案為名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。4．答案與解析：changed考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明改變了世界，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。5．答案與解析：the考查冠詞。結(jié)合前面的“thesteamengine，thetelephone”可知答案為the。6．答案與解析：reality考查名詞。virtual意為“虛擬的”，形容詞應(yīng)修飾名詞。reality意為“現(xiàn)實(shí)”。7．答案與解析：In考查固定搭配。inaddition“另外”，為固定搭配。8．答案與解析：tocreate考查不定式。it為形式主語(yǔ)，后面的不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。9．答案與解析：recognising考查動(dòng)名詞。設(shè)空處作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)。10．答案與解析：important考查形容詞。remain是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。關(guān)鍵能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了對(duì)野生黑猩猩長(zhǎng)達(dá)26年研究的JaneGoodall的生平以及成就。1．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，有一次，她媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)小簡(jiǎn)抱著一把蟲(chóng)子上床睡覺(jué)；她沒(méi)有尖叫，而是解釋說(shuō)，她的新小朋友需要土壤來(lái)生活，于是她們一起帶著它們回到了花園。由此可知，簡(jiǎn)的媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)床上有蟲(chóng)子時(shí)，她解釋說(shuō)它們喜歡土壤。故選D。2．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，閱讀做了一件平靜卻改變生活的事情：簡(jiǎn)夢(mèng)想著去非洲，和野生動(dòng)物生活在一起。由此可知，簡(jiǎn)夢(mèng)想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年時(shí)代的閱讀經(jīng)歷。故選C。3．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，簡(jiǎn)在她的第一本書(shū)《人的影子》中寫(xiě)道：“我越想我給自己設(shè)定的任務(wù)，我就越泄氣?！庇纱丝赏茢喑觯?jiǎn)在非洲的頭兩個(gè)月感覺(jué)很絕望。故選C。4．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中最后一句可知，哈佛大學(xué)的StephenJayGould說(shuō)：“我們現(xiàn)在必須重新思考‘工具’和‘人’這兩個(gè)詞的含義，或者接受黑猩猩是人類(lèi)?！庇纱送茢喑?，StephenJayGould的話(huà)暗示著簡(jiǎn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)很重要。故選B。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要報(bào)道了一群大學(xué)生發(fā)明了單手自行車(chē)剎車(chē)手柄并獲獎(jiǎng)的消息。5．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Aswell，theyhadachancetomeetJamesDyson，aU．K.famousinventor.”可知JamesDyson獎(jiǎng)是以一位英國(guó)著名發(fā)明家的名字命名的。故選B。6．答案與解析：A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...MichaWallace，who，withKatieBell,AninaSakaguchiandAndrewMorrieswonsecondprizeintheJamesDysonAwardfortheirsingle-handedbikebrakelever.”可知MichaWallace和KatieBell,AninaSakaguchi以及AndrewMorries憑借單手自行車(chē)剎車(chē)手柄獲得了JamesDyson獎(jiǎng)的二等獎(jiǎng)。即這些學(xué)生贏得了二等獎(jiǎng)。故選A。7．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段可知，這種自行車(chē)剎車(chē)手柄主要是使車(chē)子安全快速地停下來(lái)，不僅用于自行車(chē)，還可能用于別的需要兩只手來(lái)進(jìn)行剎車(chē)的裝置，并且有可能會(huì)有公司收購(gòu)。因此可推知這項(xiàng)發(fā)明在不久的將來(lái)會(huì)有廣闊的市場(chǎng)。故選D。Ⅱ.七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章作者詳細(xì)介紹了自己所從事的工作——風(fēng)暴追逐者。1．答案與解析：G上文“IwasworkingfortheNationalMeteorologicalOfficeinBracknell,nearLondon,intheautumnof1995,andIsawadocumentarycalledStormchaserswithfamily.”說(shuō)“我”看了一部叫《與家人在一起的風(fēng)暴追逐者》的紀(jì)錄片，該空承接上文，G選項(xiàng)“它是關(guān)于颶風(fēng)獵人的，我想，‘這是一個(gè)有趣的工作！’”切題。故選G。2．答案與解析：B下文“Ihavebeenallovertheworldhuntinghurricanes.”說(shuō)“我”一直在世界各地搜尋颶風(fēng)。該空引出下文，B選項(xiàng)“工作中我最喜歡的是旅行”切題。故選B。3．答案與解析：A上文“Ialsoloveworkingwithtopscientists.”說(shuō)“我”也喜歡和頂尖科學(xué)家一起工作。該空承接上文，A選