山東省濟(jì)南市十一校2021屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期4月階段性聯(lián)考檢測(cè)試題含解析

山東省濟(jì)南市十一校2021屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期4月階段性聯(lián)考檢測(cè)試題（含解析）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWheretostayduringanartholidayinStIves,CornwallStIves,oneofthemostimpressivelocationsintheworld,haslongbeenattractingartists.Since1938wehavebeenrunningartclassesinCornwallinPorthmeorstudiosoverlookingtheocean.Thereisaplentifulselectionofplacestostay,withthemajoritywithinwalkingdistancetoStIvesSchoolofPainting.NORISKPOLICY:Pleasereserveyourplaceforacourseandifyoudon’tfindsuitableaccommodationwithin48hourswewillrefundyouinfull.CohortHostel(旅社)：Cool，contemporaryhostelaccommodationinthecentreofStIves.Bedsfrom￡20/night.WiFi,Courtyard,Bar,Lounge,TVRoom,Fullyequippedkitchen,SafedormsandPrivaterooms.Tel：01736791664BeachsideGuestHouse：50yardsfromtheSchoolandPorthmeorBeach.4Rooms,allensuiterooms(浴室套房).Pricesfrom￡75/nightforadoubleen-suiteroom.Tel：07810127812WestbyFive：ImpressiveEdwardiantownhousebuiltabovePorthmeorBeachtotakefulladvantageoftheoceanviews.Fiveminutes'walkfromtheschool.Offeringfourbeautifullyappointeden-suiterooms.VisitEngland5-starguestaccommodationaward.Pricesfrom￡70pernight.Tel：01736794584Tregony：A4-startownhousewithspectacularpanoramic(全景的)sea-views，overlookingPorthmeorBeachandTheIsland.Offering5stylishrooms(4en-suite),only5minuteswalkfromtheSchool.Pricesforsingleoccupancystartfrom￡60pernight.Tel：01736791851TheSailLofts：Self-cateringapartments,afewstepstothebeachandjustaroundthecornerfromtheSchool.Tel:01736799175Granny’s:Self-cateringfisherman’sholidaycottage，2beds，situatedintheheartofStIves.Tel；01736797139WallisCottage:StayinthehomeofthefamousartistAlfredWallis(1855?1942).Comfortableself-cateringcottage,perfectfortwoandveryclosetotheSchool.Tel：012527032721.WherewouldyoumostprobablystaywhentravelingtoStIvesonatightbudget?A.InTregony. B.InWestbyFive. C.InCohortHostel. D.InBeachsideGuestHouse.2.WhatdoWestbyFive,TregonyandTheSailLoftshaveincommon?A.Theyallhavecomfortableen-suites.B.Theyareall4or5-staraccommodationplacesC.TheyareallclosetoStIvesSchoolofPainting.D.Theyallprovidespectacularpanoramicsea-views.3.Whichnumberwillyoucallifyouwanttostayatalateartist’shome?A.07810127812. B.01736794584.C.01736799175. D.01252703272.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文，介紹了到StIves,Cornwall旅行時(shí)可選擇的七家旅社，以及每家旅社的特色?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tregony部分的“singleoccupancystartfrom￡60pernight”可知，單人房每晚60英鎊起；WestbyFive部分的“Pricesfrom￡70pernight”可知，每晚70英鎊起；CohortHostel部分的“Bedsfrom￡20/night”可知，床從每晚20英鎊起；BeachsideGuestHouse部分的“Pricesfrom￡75/night”可知，每晚75英鎊起。對(duì)比四處的房?jī)r(jià)可知，CohortHostel最便宜，適合在預(yù)算緊張的情況下去StIves。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WestbyFive部分“...Fiveminutes'walkfromtheschool.”可知，從學(xué)校步行五分鐘可以到WestbyFive；Tregony部分的“...only5minuteswalkfromtheSchool.”可知，從學(xué)校步行到Tregony只需5分鐘；TheSailLofts部分的“...justaroundthecornerfromtheSchool.”可知，TheSailLofts就在學(xué)校的拐角處。由此可知，可知三家旅社的共同之處是離StIves繪畫(huà)學(xué)校都不遠(yuǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“WallisCottage:StayinthehomeofthefamousartistAlfredWallis(1855?1942)....Tel：01252703272”（WallisCottage：待在著名藝術(shù)家阿爾弗雷德沃利斯(1855?1942)的家中?！娫?01252703272）可知如果想待在著名藝術(shù)家的家中，可以住在WallisCottage:，電話號(hào)碼是01252703272。故選D項(xiàng)。BThepandemic(流行?。﹉asleftalotoffamiliesinfinancialdifficulty.Notonlyhavemanyfounditdifficulttopaybills,they’vealsohadtodealwithhugeunpaiddebts.Thankfully,oneverykind-hearteddoctor,OmarAtiq,fromArkansasdecidedtoforgivethe$650,000debtthathispatientsstillhadtopay.Dr.OmarAtiqclosedhisclinicinPineBluffafter30yearsofofferingpatientsradiationtherapy(治療），andCATscans.Whileputtinghisaffairsinorder，withthehelpofadebtcollectionagency,Dr.Atiqrealizedthathispatientswerereallystrugglingtopayofftheirdebts.“SomywifeandI，asafamily，thoughtaboutitandlookedatforgivingallthedebts.Wesawthatwecoulddoitandthenjustwentaheadanddidit.”Thereasoningbehindthedecisioncomesfromhisunderstandingtowardthosehe'sseensufferthroughouthisyearsasadoctor：“SinceIstartedpracticing，I’vealwaysbeenratheruncomfortablewithsickpatientsnotonlyhavingtoworryabouttheirownhealth,qualityoflife,theirlongevity，theirfamiliesandtheirjobsbutalsomoney.That’salwaysconcernedme.”Atiq’swife,Mehreen,shareshiscaringnatureandsupportedherhusbandinhisdecision.SoOmarsentthefollowingletteratChristmastoaround200ofhispatients：Althoughvarioushealthinsurancespaymostofthebillsforthemajorityofpatients，thedeductibles(自負(fù)額）andco-payscanbeburdensome.Unfortunately,thatisthewayourhealthcaresystemcurrentlyworks.Myclinichasdecidedtoforgiveallthedebtsowedtothe'clinicbyitspatients.Omar,thefatheroffourchildrenwhoarealsodoctorsorbecomingdoctors,seemstohavealwaysputthepatientsfirst.“Ihaveneverrefusedtoseeapatient，notforlackofhealthinsuranceorfundsnorforanyotherreason.Tvealwaysconsidereditahighhonorandprivilegetobesomeone’sphysician—moreimportantthananythingelse，’’Omarsharedwiththelocalmedia.4.WhendidAtiqrealizehispatients’inabilitytopayofftheirdebts?A.Asthedebtcollectionagencyhelpedhim.B.Whenhewascollectingthedebtinperson.C.Afterheclearlyknewthedetailsofthedebt.D.Afterhefoundoutthepandemicwasserious.5.WhatmainlyresultsinDr.Atiq’sgenerousdecision?A.Hisresponsibility. B.Hiswife’ssupport.C.Hissympathy. D.Hismedicalpractice.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Atiq?A.Hevalueshispatientsandhisjob.B.Heworkstogetherwithhischildren.C.Hewillstartanotherclinicinthefuture.D.Hethinksthatbeingadoctorisprofitable.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Dr.Atiqhasmadeaveryimportantdecision.B.Dr.Atiqremoveshispatients'financialburden.C.Dr.Atiqhascontributedalottothemedicalfield.D.Dr.Atiqhassetagoodexampleforallthedoctors.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)名為OmarAtiq的醫(yī)生在得知病人無(wú)力還款的情況后，免除了病人的醫(yī)藥費(fèi)用?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“withthehelpofadebtcollectionagency,Dr.Atiqrealizedthathispatientswerereallystrugglingtopayofftheirdebts.”可知，在債務(wù)公司的幫助下（債務(wù)公司幫助他要錢的時(shí)候），Dr.Atiq意識(shí)到他的病人們苦苦掙扎還不起債務(wù)了，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thereasoningbehindthedecisioncomesfromhisunderstandingtowardthosehe'sseensufferthroughouthisyearsasadoctor”可知，是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)病人的理解（同情），所以做了這樣的決定，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Omar,thefatheroffourchildrenwhoarealsodoctorsorbecomingdoctors,seemstohavealwaysputthepatientsfirst.”（奧馬爾是四個(gè)孩子的父親，他們都是醫(yī)生或即將成為醫(yī)生，他似乎總是把病人放在第一位。）可知，Dr.Atiq是一個(gè)重視病人，重視工作的醫(yī)生，故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段“Thankfully,oneverykind-hearteddoctor,OmarAtiq,fromArkansasdecidedtoforgivethe$650,000debtthathispatientsstillhadtopay.”（謝天謝地，來(lái)自阿肯色州的一位非常善良的醫(yī)生奧馬爾·阿提克決定免除病人需要償還的65萬(wàn)美元的債務(wù)）可知，文章介紹了奧馬爾·阿提克醫(yī)生免除了病人的巨額債務(wù)，故選B。CTheIndiangovernmentdeclaredan“emergencysituation”inNewDelhionSundayasairpollutionhitdangerousnewhighsandpeoplehadtheselfies(自拍)toproveit.Officialsannouncedaseriesofmeasurestofightagainstsmoginthecapitalcity,includinghaltingconstructionprojects,closingacoal-firedpowerfactoryfor10daysandwashingthedustyroads.Thecitizens，meanwhile，took“smogselfies”astheywalkedthroughdirtyairwhichcouldtasteandsmell.SomeselfiephotographersjoinedhundredsofprotestersindowntownNewDelhitodemandthatthegovernmentdealwiththedeadlysmog.NewDelhi,alreadyoneoftheworld’sdirtiestcities,isexperiencingitsworstsmoginnearlytwodecades.ThecitysawlevelsofPM2.5ofmorethan900microgramspercubicmeteronSaturday.That’smorethan90timesthelevelthattheWorldHealthOrganizationconsiderssafeandis15timeshigherthantheIndiangovernment’sstandards.Particulate(微粒的)mattercomesfromvehicles,coalfactories,burningtrashpiles,dustandothersources.NewDelhi’sseverepollutionwasinitiallyblamedonthewidespreadburstingoffirecrackersduringthefestivalDiwali.ButimagespublishedbyNASAlastweeksuggestedthatcropburningintheneighboringstatesofPunjabandHaryanacouldbethereasonfortheincreasinglevelsofPM2.5.NewDelhi’schiefminister,ArvindKejriwal,saidthatfarmersinthosestatesbeginburningstrawatthestartofeverywintertocleartheirplantsforplantingwheat.Thepollutioncanleadtolungcancer,heartdiseaseandrelatedillnesses,particularlyingrowingchildren.Kejriwalsaidpeopleshouldavoidgoingoutdoorsuntilthepollutionlevelsdropandshouldworkathomeasmuchaspossible.Ofcourse,theyshouldputdowntheselfiesticks,too.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halting”inParagraph2meap?A.Stopping. B.Encouraging. C.Protecting. D.Changing.9.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.ThepoorconditioninNewDelhihasledtoastrike.B.NewDelhiisoneofthemostpollutedcitiesintheworld.C.AlotofpeopleespeciallychildrendiedofsmoginNewDelhi.D.Kejriwalsuggestedthatpeoplestopworkingtodealwithsmog.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.ImagesofpeoplelivinginNewDelhi.B.LevelsofPM25inmostcitiesofIndia.C.SourcesofparticulatematterinNewDelhi.D.MeasurestakenbytheNewDelhigovernment.11.What’sKejriwal’sattitudetowardssmogsefies?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Opposed.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述印度新德里空氣污染值創(chuàng)下新高，市民紛紛自拍記錄空氣質(zhì)量，印度政府宣布新德里進(jìn)入“緊急狀態(tài)”。【8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“Officialsannouncedaseriesofmeasurestofightagainstsmoginthecapitalcity”可知，官員宣布了一系列措施來(lái)對(duì)抗首都的霧霾，由此可推知“haltingconstructionprojects”是對(duì)抗霧霾采取的措施，所以是“暫停施工項(xiàng)目”，劃線詞“halting”意為“停止”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句“NewDelhi,alreadyoneoftheworld’sdirtiestcities,isexperiencingitsworstsmoginnearlytwodecades.(新德里已然是世界上最臟的城市之一，正經(jīng)歷著近20年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的霧霾。)”可知，新德里是世界上污染最嚴(yán)重的城市之一。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“NewDelhi’sseverepollutionwasinitiallyblamedonthewidespreadburstingoffirecrackersduringthefestivalDiwali.ButimagespublishedbyNASAlastweeksuggestedthatcropburningintheneighboringstatesofPunjabandHaryanacouldbethereasonfortheincreasinglevelsofPM2.5.(新德里的嚴(yán)重污染最初被歸咎于排燈節(jié)期間大范圍燃放鞭炮。但美國(guó)宇航局上周公布的圖像顯示，臨近的旁遮普邦和哈里亞納邦的焚燒莊稼可能是PM2.5水平上升的原因。)”可知，本段主要講述新德里顆粒物的來(lái)源。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Kejriwalsaidpeopleshouldavoidgoingoutdoorsuntilthepollutionlevelsdropandshouldworkathomeasmuchaspossible.Ofcourse,theyshouldputdowntheselfiesticks,too.(Kejriwal說(shuō)，在大氣污染水平降下來(lái)之前，人們最好避免外出，盡可能在家工作。當(dāng)然，他們也應(yīng)該把自拍桿收起來(lái)。)”可知，Kejriwal對(duì)霧霾自拍持反對(duì)態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。DAfterScottKellyspentayearinspace,hisgeneticexpressionchanged,accordingtoaNASAstudythatcomparedthebodilychangesbetweentheastronautandhisidenticaltwin,whostayedonEarthwhileKellywasaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.About7percentofKelly’sgeneactivityhasyetto“returntonormal”—almosttwoyearsafterhisyearlongspaceflightmissioncametoanend.KellyhassinceretiredfromNASA.TheTwinsStudy，asit’sbeencalled，lookedatwhathappenedtoKelly—bothphysiologicallyandpsychologically:—before，duringandafterhistripinspace，andthencomparedthatdatatoKelly’stwinbrother，MarkKelly，alsoaretiredNASAastronaut.Unlikehisbrotherwhospentmonthsatatimeinspace，Mark’smissionswereontheshorterside.Hislast—andlongest—mission，whichtookplacein2011，lasted15days.“Bymeasuringlargenumbersofthebrother’smetabolites，cytokines(代謝物、細(xì)胞活素）andproteins，researcherslearnedthatspaceflightisassociatedwithoxygendeprivation(匱乏）stress，increasedinflammation(炎癥），andnutrientchangesthataffectgeneexpression，”NASAsaid.AlthoughmostofthebiologicalchangesKellyexperiencedinspacedisappearedinthehoursanddays(andinsomecases?weeks)afterhisreturntoEarthy,NASAsaidsomechangesappeartohavecontinued.While93percentofhisgeneticexpressionhasreturnedtonormal,severalhundred“spacegenes”stillhavechangedactivitylevels，thedatasuggests，which,NASAsaid,couldindicate“l(fā)onger-termchanges”ingeneticexpressioncausedbythestressesofspaceflight.NASAsaidtheresearchcouldprovideimportantknowledgeoftheeffectsoflong-termspaceflightonthehumanbody,andthatitwillinfluenceitsplanningforamissiontoMars,whichwouldseeastronautsspendingsomethreeyearsinspace.Reactingtothenewsofthestudyresults,Kellyexpressedamazementathisbody’schanges，andalsousedtheopportunitytomakefunofhisbrother.“Thiscouldbegoodnews,”hejokedonTwitter.“InolongerhavetocallMarkmyidenticaltwinbrotheranymore.”12.WhatcanbelearntaboutMarkKelly?A.He’sstillworkingforNASA.B.Hehasonlybeentospaceonce.C.Hehasn’tgoneonaspaceflightmissionyet.D.Heneverstayedinspaceforawholemonth.13.WhatdoesNASA’sresearchshowaboutgeneticexpressionchanges?A.They’redangeroustoastronaunts.B.Mostofthemwon’tlastverylong.C.They’remainlycausedbypsychologicalstress.D.Somecanoccurduringshort-termspaceflight.14.WhatcanweknowabouttheTwinsStudy?A.Itinvolvedmanytwinparticipants.B.ItendedsoonafterScottKelly’slastspaceflight.C.ItonlystudiedScottKelly’sphysicalchanges.D.ItwillbevaluabletoNASA’sMarsmission.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.MarkKellywilllosehistwinbrothersoon.B.ScottKellyalwayslooksonthebrightside.C.ScottKellydoesn’tlikehistwinbrother.D.ScottKellyseemstohaveasenseofhumor.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局(NASA)的一項(xiàng)研究比較了ScottKelly和他的同卵雙胞胎之間的身體變化?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“andthencomparedthatdatatoKelly’stwinbrother，MarkKelly，alsoaretiredNASAastronaut.”（然后將這些數(shù)據(jù)與凱利的雙胞胎兄弟馬克·凱利(MarkKelly)進(jìn)行了比較，他也是一名退休的美國(guó)宇航局宇航員。）可知，馬克已經(jīng)退休了。再根據(jù)第三段“Unlikehisbrotherwhospentmonthsatatimeinspace，Mark’smissionswereontheshorterside.Hislast—andlongest—mission，whichtookplacein2011，lasted15days.”（不像他的兄弟每次在太空中呆上幾個(gè)月，馬克的任務(wù)比較短。他最后一次也是最長(zhǎng)的一次任務(wù)發(fā)生在2011年，歷時(shí)15天。）可知，馬克在太空中只待了15填，他從未在太空呆過(guò)整整一個(gè)月。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“AlthoughmostofthebiologicalchangesKellyexperiencedinspacedisappearedinthehoursanddaysafterhisreturntoEarthy,NASAsaidsomechangesappeartohavecontinued.”（盡管凱利在太空中經(jīng)歷的大部分生物變化在他返回地球后的幾小時(shí)或幾天內(nèi)就消失了，但美國(guó)宇航局表示，一些變化似乎還在繼續(xù)。）可知，大部分很快就會(huì)消失，持續(xù)不了多久。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“NASAsaidtheresearchcouldprovideimportantknowledgeoftheeffectsoflong-termspaceflightonthehumanbody,andthatitwillinfluenceitsplanningforamissiontoMars,whichwouldseeastronautsspendingsomethreeyearsinspace.”（美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局表示，這項(xiàng)研究可以提供有關(guān)長(zhǎng)期太空飛行對(duì)人體影響的重要知識(shí)，并將影響到其火星任務(wù)的計(jì)劃，屆時(shí)宇航員將在太空中度過(guò)三年左右的時(shí)間。）可知，此次對(duì)雙胞胎兄弟的研究對(duì)美國(guó)宇航局的火星任務(wù)很有價(jià)值。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Reactingtothenewsofthestudyresults,Kellyexpressedamazementathisbody’schanges，andalsousedtheopportunitytomakefunofhisbrother.“Thiscouldbegoodnews,”hejokedonTwitter.“InolongerhavetocallMarkmyidenticaltwinbrotheranymore.””（對(duì)于研究結(jié)果的消息，凱利表達(dá)了對(duì)自己身體變化的驚訝，并利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)取笑他的弟弟?！斑@可能是個(gè)好消息，”他在Twitter上開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)?！拔以僖膊挥霉荞R克叫我的雙胞胎兄弟了。”）可知，凱利借此研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)兄弟二人太空回來(lái)后基因略有不同，說(shuō)的只是玩笑話，可見(jiàn)這是幽默的表現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’spoliteofyoutosaythankyouwhenyouaregivensomething,andthisisparticularlyimportantwhenyoureceiveanawardataceremony.____16____，‘thankyou’isjustthestartofthemostimportantacceptancespeechofyourlife.Speechesareusedasaplatformtomakeapoliticalstatementorjusttoraisesomeone’sprofile(形象)____17____.Andthesewordshavetobedeliveredinashortamountoftime.Forexample,atthisyear’sOscars，nomineeshaveonly90secondsfromfindingoutthey’vewontofinishingtheirspeech.Whentheclockisticking,it’shardtosayeverythingyouwant,____18____.It’salsoimportanttobeelegant,heartfeltandtospeaklikeyouaretalkingtoafriend.Youmayexpectanactortobeagoodspeakerandabletoperformonstageinfrontofanaudience.____19____，itcanbemoreawkward.WhenJapan’sNaomiOsakawonthisyear’sAustralianOpenfinal,shesaid，“Sorry，publicspeakingisn’tmystrongpointsoIhopeIcangetthroughthis……IreadnotesbeforethisbutIstillforgotwhatImeanttosay.”____20____.It’simportanttomakenotesthatremindyoutothankpeople,saysomewordsofwisdom，andwinovertheaudience.Butifyou’vegotnothingtosay，acceptyourawardthankfullyandthengetoffstagebeforethemusicstartsplayingagain—justremembertosay‘thankyou’！A.PreparationiskeyB.Wordscan’texpresseverythingC.Butforothers,suchassportspeopleD.ButifyouareoneoftheluckywinnersE.Soit’simportanttogetthewordsrightF.FinishingaspeechquicklymakesyouapopularpersonG.Thusit’simportanttoconveyyourmessageseffectively【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.C20.A【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了幾個(gè)做公共演講時(shí)值得參考的小建議?！?6題詳解】前文“It’spoliteofyoutosaythankyouwhenyouaregivensomething,andthisisparticularlyimportantwhenyoureceiveanawardataceremony.(當(dāng)你得到某樣?xùn)|西時(shí)說(shuō)謝謝是有禮貌的，這在你在典禮上接受獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí)尤為重要)”說(shuō)明得到東西說(shuō)“謝謝”是重要的，從后文“‘thankyou’isjustthestartofthemostimportantacceptancespeechofyourlife.（“謝謝你”只是你人生中最重要的獲獎(jiǎng)感言的開(kāi)始。）”說(shuō)明表達(dá)“謝謝”只是一個(gè)開(kāi)始，空格處承上啟下，分析句子可知，應(yīng)是一個(gè)從句，這里說(shuō)的是“是你的一個(gè)開(kāi)始”，D項(xiàng)中的“youareoneoftheluckywinners”符合，“如果你是一幸運(yùn)的獲勝者之一，“謝謝你”只是你人生中最重要的獲獎(jiǎng)感言的開(kāi)始。”與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以選項(xiàng)D（但如果你是幸運(yùn)的贏家之一）切合文意。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Speechesareusedasaplatformtomakeapoliticalstatementorjusttoraisesomeone’sprofile(形象)”（演講被用作一個(gè)平臺(tái)來(lái)發(fā)表政治聲明或只是為了提高某人的形象）可知，說(shuō)的話正確是重要的，E項(xiàng)中的“togetthewordsright”一致，上下文是因果關(guān)系。所以選項(xiàng)E（所以說(shuō)的話正確是重要的）切合文意。故選E。【18題詳解】前半句“Whentheclockisticking,it’shardtosayeverythingyouwant”（時(shí)間一分一秒地過(guò)去，你很難說(shuō)出你想要的一切）說(shuō)明你很難說(shuō)完你想說(shuō)的一切，因此推斷下面應(yīng)該是有效的表達(dá)很重要。G項(xiàng)中的“it’simportanttoconveyyourmessageseffectively”符合句意，上下文是因果關(guān)系。所以選項(xiàng)G（因此，有效地傳達(dá)你的信息很重要）切合文意。故選G?！?9題詳解】前文“Youmayexpectanactortobeagoodspeakerandabletoperformonstageinfrontofanaudience.”（你可能期望一個(gè)演員是一個(gè)很好的演講者，能夠在舞臺(tái)上為觀眾當(dāng)面表演。）說(shuō)到你可能覺(jué)得演員能很流利的演講，后文“WhenJapan’sNaomiOsakawonthisyear’sAustralianOpenfinal，shesaid，“Sorry，publicspeakingisn’tmystrongpointsoIhopeIcangetthroughthis……IreadnotesbeforethisbutIstillforgotwhatImeanttosay.””（當(dāng)日本選手大阪直美贏得今年的澳網(wǎng)決賽時(shí)，她說(shuō):“對(duì)不起，演講不是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，所以我希望我能通過(guò)這個(gè)考試......我看了之前的筆記，但我還是忘了我要說(shuō)的是什么?！保┲v到一個(gè)叫做NaomiOsaka的日本網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)在臺(tái)上語(yǔ)塞的例子，C項(xiàng)中的“sportspeople”與例子相符，從而可以推斷，對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員，可能會(huì)更尷尬。與上文的演員形成對(duì)比。所以選項(xiàng)C（但對(duì)其他人來(lái)說(shuō)，比如運(yùn)動(dòng)人士）切合文意。故選C。【20題詳解】后文“It’simportanttomakenotesthatremindyoutothankpeople，saysomewordsofwisdom，andwinovertheaudience.（重要的是要做筆記來(lái)提醒你要感謝別人，說(shuō)一些有智慧的話，并贏得觀眾的青睞。）”提到makenotes是很重要的，從而推斷前文為提前準(zhǔn)備很關(guān)鍵。所以選項(xiàng)A（準(zhǔn)備很關(guān)鍵）切合文意。故選A。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenAmandaMoorenoticedthatthenewstudentfromMexicoalwayssataloneatlunch,shedecidedtobefriendRafaelAnaya.Shealsonoticedthathe____21____tounderstandEnglish.ThensheusedtheGoogleTranslateapptohand-writealetterinSpanishaskinghimto____22____herforlunch.Heraction____23____herthe“StudentoftheMonth”awardforOctoberatschool.Actually,Rafaelalways____24____becausehefeltsolonely.“HealwaysatelunchaloneandIfelt____25____aboutthat，”Amandasaid.SheknewhespokeSpanishandheseemedlonely.Shespentthewholeafternoon____26____writingtheletter,usingtheapptohelpher.ThenextdayAmandahandedthelettertoRafaelandwaitedforhis____27____.Itwasn’tuntiltheirmathclassthathesaid“yes”.Thetwohadbeen____28____togetherforluncheversince.TheletterhelpedRafaelfeelmorecomfortableandencouragedhimto____29____hisEnglishharder.“IthinkforRafaelitmadeahuge____30____，”saidtheirteacher.“HereallywantstolearnEnglishtotalktoAmanda.ThetwousedhandgesturesandGoogleTranslatefor____31____nowbuttheyhopeditwouldbecome____32____whenRafael'sEnglishimproved.And,Amandawaslearningsome____33____.Amanda’smotherfelt____34____movedbyherdaughter’saction.“Itisjustsosweet，”shesaid.Ithinkthis____35____isspecial.”21.A.appeared B.happened C.struggled D.managed22.A.prepare B.join C.leave D.pay23.A.saved B.cost C.earned D.proved24.A.wept B.listened C.chatted D.laughed25.A.bad B.curious C.glad D.doubtful26.A.painfully B.hurriedly C.carefully D.correctly27.A.arrival B.comment C.appreciation D.reply28.A.sitting B.waiting C.working D.singing29.A.putupwith B.workon C.showoff D.lookforwardto30.A.popularity B.difference C.choice D.plan31.A.competition B.typing C.travel D.communication32.A.easier B.quicker C.simpler D.harder33.A.English B.psychology C.math D.Spanish34.A.widely B.deeply C.gently D.wisely35.A.discussion B.suffering C.friendship D.donation【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.B31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了來(lái)自墨西哥的RafaelAnaya不懂英語(yǔ)總是一個(gè)人孤獨(dú)地吃午飯，AmandaMoore發(fā)現(xiàn)后使用谷歌翻譯軟件用西班牙語(yǔ)寫(xiě)了一封信邀請(qǐng)他一起吃午餐，后來(lái)他們建立了特別的友情。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她還注意到他努力地去理解英語(yǔ)。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.happened發(fā)生；C.struggled奮斗，努力；D.managed完成，應(yīng)付。根據(jù)“sheusedtheGoogleTranslateapptohand-writealetterinSpanish（AmandaMoore使用谷歌翻譯軟件用西班牙語(yǔ)寫(xiě)了一封信）”可知，RafaelAnaya不懂英語(yǔ)，因此她要很努力地去理解英語(yǔ)，struggletodo：努力做某事。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她使用谷歌翻譯軟件用西班牙語(yǔ)手寫(xiě)了一封信，要求他和她一起吃午餐。A.prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.join參加；C.leave離開(kāi)；D.pay支付。根據(jù)“WhenAmandaMoorenoticedthatthenewstudentfromMexicoalwayssataloneatlunch（當(dāng)AmandaMoore注意到來(lái)自墨西哥的這名新生總是獨(dú)自一人吃午餐時(shí)）”可知，AmandaMoore是想要和他“一起”吃午餐，“joinherforlunch”可以表達(dá)這個(gè)意思。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的行動(dòng)使她獲得了10月份的“優(yōu)秀學(xué)生”獎(jiǎng)。A.saved節(jié)??；B.cost花費(fèi)；C.earned掙得，贏得；D.proved證實(shí)。根據(jù)第1題的分析可知，AmandaMoore看到RafaelAnaya因?yàn)椴欢⒄Z(yǔ)而一個(gè)人吃飯便開(kāi)始關(guān)心他，和他一起吃飯使他不再那么孤單，因此她的做法是值得贊揚(yáng)的，因此而“贏得”獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選C項(xiàng)。24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上，Rafael總是哭泣因?yàn)樗械胶芄陋?dú)。A.wept哭泣；B.listened聽(tīng)；C.chatted聊天；D.laughed笑。根據(jù)“becausehefeltsolonely（因?yàn)樗械饺绱斯陋?dú)）”可知，他的心情是不好的，因此wept可以表達(dá)這種感情色彩。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Amanda說(shuō)，“他總是一個(gè)人吃午飯，對(duì)此我感到很不舒服”。A.bad不好的，令人不快的；B.curious好奇的；C.glad高興的；D.doubtful懷疑的。根據(jù)“Healwaysatelunchalone.（他總是獨(dú)自吃午飯）”可知，因?yàn)镽afaelAnaya不懂英語(yǔ)而一個(gè)人吃飯，因此Amanda心中的感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是不舒適的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她整個(gè)下午都在認(rèn)真地寫(xiě)這封信，并使用翻譯軟件幫助她。A.painfully痛苦地；B.hurriedly倉(cāng)促地，匆忙地；C.carefully仔細(xì)地，認(rèn)真地；D.correctly正確地。根據(jù)“spentthewholeafternoon（她花了整整一個(gè)下午）”可知，她寫(xiě)信寫(xiě)的是很認(rèn)真的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天Amanda將信交給Rafael等待他的答復(fù)。A.arrival到達(dá)；B.comment評(píng)論；C.appreciation感激；D.reply回復(fù)。根據(jù)“tohand-writealetterinSpanishaskinghimtojoinherforlunch（要求他和她一起吃午飯）”可知，Amanda把信給Rafael后要等待答復(fù)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，兩人一直坐在一起吃午飯。A.sitting坐；B.waiting等待；C.working工作；D.singing歌唱。根據(jù)“yes”可知，Rafael同意和Amanda一起吃飯，因此他們兩個(gè)人從此吃飯時(shí)便坐在了一起。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這封信使Rafael感到更加自在，并鼓勵(lì)他更加努力地致力于英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)。A.putupwith忍受；B.workon致力于，從事于；C.showoff炫耀；D.lookforwardto期待。根據(jù)“morecomfortable”可知，Rafael對(duì)Amanda的做法感到很舒適，Amanda能夠用西班牙語(yǔ)給他寫(xiě)信，因此這促使Rafael有了學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的信心。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的老師說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為對(duì)于Rafael來(lái)說(shuō)，這帶來(lái)了巨大的改變”。A.popularity受歡迎，普及，流行；B.difference不同；C.choice選擇；D.plan規(guī)劃。根據(jù)第9題的分析可知，Rafael有了學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的信心，也不再一個(gè)人吃午飯了，因此Amanda的做法對(duì)Rafael的生活產(chǎn)生了影響，makeadifference：有作用，有影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩個(gè)人現(xiàn)在使用手勢(shì)和谷歌翻譯軟件進(jìn)行交流，但他們希望當(dāng)Rafael的英語(yǔ)水平提高時(shí)，交流會(huì)變得更容易一些。A.competition競(jìng)賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B.typing打字；C.travel旅行；D.communication交流。根據(jù)“handgesturesandGoogleTranslate（手勢(shì)和谷歌翻譯）”可知，他們使用這些的目的是為了溝通和交流。故選D項(xiàng)。32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩個(gè)人現(xiàn)在使用手勢(shì)和谷歌翻譯軟件進(jìn)行交流，但他們希望當(dāng)Rafael的英語(yǔ)水平提高時(shí)，交流會(huì)變得更容易一些。A.easier更容易的；B.quicker更快的；C.simpler更簡(jiǎn)單的；D.harder更難的。根據(jù)“whenRafael’sEnglishimproved（當(dāng)Rafael的英語(yǔ)水平提高時(shí)）”可知，如Rafael的英語(yǔ)水平提高時(shí)，他們的溝通就會(huì)容易一些。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：而且Amanda學(xué)到了一些西班牙語(yǔ)。A.English英語(yǔ)；B.psychology心理學(xué)；C.math數(shù)學(xué)；D.Spanish西班牙語(yǔ)。根據(jù)11題的分析可知，他們使用手勢(shì)和GoogleTranslate進(jìn)行交流，Rafael是說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)的，他和Amanda學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，那么自然而然Amanda也跟他學(xué)習(xí)一些西班牙語(yǔ)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Amanda的母親對(duì)女兒的舉動(dòng)深感動(dòng)容。A.widely寬廣地；B.deeply深深地；C.gently輕輕地；D.wisely聰明地。根據(jù)“Itisjustsosweet.（真是太美好了。）”可知，他們使用手勢(shì)和GoogleTranslate進(jìn)行交流，Rafael是說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)的，Amanda的媽媽認(rèn)為女兒的做法很好，媽媽都深受感動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為這種友誼很特別。A.discussion討論；B.suffering痛苦；C.friendship友誼；D.donation捐贈(zèng)。由前文的分析可知，Amanda幫助Rafael走出困境，因此二人會(huì)建立一份友誼。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Todayafterwork,asIwasdrivinghome,Irealizedmybrakewasn’tworking.Istartedtopanicandmanagedtopullover，____36____(luck)withoutcrashingintoanythingoranyone.AsIwasstrugglingtofigureoutwhattodo,____37____middle-agedblackmanknockedonmycarwindowandaskedme____38____Ineededhelp.Irolleddownthewindowandexplainedtohimwhathadhappened.After____39____(check)mycar,hesaiditcouldbethatIranoutofthebrakeliquidbecausethathadhappened____40____hisdaughter’scar.Ithankedhimforhishelp.Thismanlatercamebackwithabottleofbrakeliquid.Notonlydidhegoandbuyitwithhisownmoney,healso____41____(help)meopenupthehood(引擎蓋）andputtheliquidin.Thenhekneltdownonthewetgroundtoinspectthebrakesealintherain.Iofferedtopayforthebrakeliquid,butherefused____42____(take)mymoney.Ireachedouttoshakehishands,which____43____(cover)withgrease(潤(rùn)滑油）frommycar.Iwasso____44____(thank)tohimandIwouldneverforgethis____45____(kind).【答案】36.luckily37.a38.if/whether39.checking40.to41.helped42.totake43.werecovered44.thankful45.kindness【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“我”的車因?yàn)闆](méi)有制動(dòng)液而導(dǎo)致剎車失靈，一個(gè)中年黑人為“我”購(gòu)買了制動(dòng)液并加入車中，為此“我”心中充滿了感激?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我開(kāi)始慌張，設(shè)法停下車來(lái)，幸運(yùn)的是沒(méi)有撞到任何東西和任何人。使用副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾“withoutcrashingintoanythingoranyone”這個(gè)結(jié)果，故填luckily?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：當(dāng)我在努力尋找解決方法時(shí)，一個(gè)中年黑人敲了敲我的車窗，問(wèn)我是否需要幫助。此處表示泛指意義，需要使用不定冠詞，middle-aged是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，故填a。【38題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：當(dāng)我在努力尋找解決方法時(shí)，一個(gè)中年黑人敲了敲我的車窗，問(wèn)我是否需要幫助。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要填入引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞，結(jié)合句意的需要，中年黑人敲車窗是為了問(wèn)“我”是否需要幫助，故填if/whether?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：他查看了我的車后說(shuō)，可能是我的車沒(méi)有制動(dòng)液了，因?yàn)檫@種情況發(fā)生在了他女兒的車上。介詞after后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填checking?！?0題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：他查看了我的車后說(shuō)，可能是我的車沒(méi)有制動(dòng)液了，因?yàn)檫@種情況發(fā)生在了他女兒的車上。固定短語(yǔ)（sth）happento（sb）：某事發(fā)生在某人身上，故填to?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他不僅用自己的錢去買了制動(dòng)液，而且還幫助我打開(kāi)引擎蓋將制動(dòng)液加入車中，本文敘述的事情是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填helped。【42題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：我支付制動(dòng)液的費(fèi)用，但他拒絕接受我的錢。固定短語(yǔ)refusetodo：拒絕做某事，故填totake?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我伸手與他握手，他的手上沾滿了我的汽車上的潤(rùn)滑油。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)后面是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞hands在從句中作主語(yǔ)，它承受cover的動(dòng)作，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填werecovered?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我非常感謝他，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他的善良。thank的形容詞在was后面作表語(yǔ)，“我”要感謝這位男子，故填thankful?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我非常感謝他，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他的善良。此處應(yīng)使用kind的名詞作forget的賓語(yǔ)，表示“善良”