英國：學(xué)歷和收入之間的關(guān)系等2則外刊閱讀與訓(xùn)練-高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

外刊精讀精練英國：學(xué)歷和收入之間的關(guān)系導(dǎo)讀：上大學(xué)獲取一個(gè)學(xué)位可不是件容易的事。大多數(shù)人相信，獲得大學(xué)文憑對(duì)一名畢業(yè)生的未來職業(yè)發(fā)展必有幫助。但這一紙文憑究竟有那么管用嗎？學(xué)生所學(xué)習(xí)的專業(yè)會(huì)影響其未來的就業(yè)和收入嗎？本集《外刊精讀》討論在英國，學(xué)歷和收入之間的關(guān)系。一、語篇泛讀Vocabulary:Education詞匯:教育What'sthepointofstudying?!It'ssomethingyoumightaskyourselfifyou'restudyingforadegreeandyou'restrugglingtocompletean

assignment

or

sweatingitout

inanexam,especiallyifyourfriendsseemtobeouthavingagoodtime,orareworkingandearninglotsofmoney.Manyofuschoosetogotouniversityasafirststeptowardsagood

career

butsometimesthatcareerishardtoachieveand

graduates

endupdoingsomethingtheyare

overqualified

for.TheCharteredInstituteforPersonnelandDevelopmentsaysthatwiththe

spirallingcosts

ofuniversity,studentsneedtoaskthemselveswhetheradegreepathisthebestrouteintoacareer.Itsaysthereisaneedformuchbettercareeradviceandguidance,alongsidehigh-qualityalternative

vocational

routesintoemploymentotherthanuniversityeducation.ButothernewresearchcommissionedfortheBBC,saysthatadegreewill,

inthelongrun,earnyoumore.Howevertherearedifferencesinyourearningpotential.DrJackBrittonfromtheInstituteforFiscalStudiessaysthat"Graduatesofthe24

RussellGroup

universitiesearnanaverageof￡33,500afterfiveyears-about40%morethanthosewhostudiedatotheruniversities."However,itfoundit'snotjustthelocationbutotherfactorsthancanplayapartinwhatyoucanearn,suchasthesubjectastudentchoosestostudy.Itdiscoveredthatfiveyearsaftergraduation,the

incomegap

betweenstudentswhostudiedthesubjectsthatattractthehighestandlowestsalariescanbeconsiderable.Graduatesinsubjectssuchas

law,

medicine

and

dentistry

tendtodowell.Andastheyprogress,thepaygapbetweenthesecareersandothers,suchasthe

creativearts,widens.Thereareotherfactorstoothatinfluencewhatyoumightearn:Fiveyearsaftergraduation,menearnonaverage,14%morethanwomen.Also,astudent's

socialbackground

canhaveaneffect,withthosefrombetter-offhouseholdsmuchmorelikelytogotouniversityandparticularlyagoodone.ButifyoustillfeeluniversitydeliversthebestopportunitiesthenthereareencouragingwordsfromAlistairJarvis,headofUniversitiesUK,whotoldBBCNewsthat"Employersaredemandingmoregraduates...andgraduatesarehalfaslikelytobeunemployedasnon-graduates.Therearemanymanygoodgraduate

outcomes

comingfromuniversities."Somaybeallthatstudyingisworthit–afterall'nopain,nogain'!二、詞匯表assignment作業(yè)

sweatitout如坐針氈地等待（考試）結(jié)束

career職業(yè)，事業(yè)

graduate畢業(yè)生

overqualified資歷過高的

spirallingcosts急劇上升的費(fèi)用

vocational職業(yè)的

inthelongrun從長遠(yuǎn)看

RussellGroup羅素大學(xué)集團(tuán)

incomegap收入差

law法律

medicine醫(yī)學(xué)

dentistry牙科

creativearts創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)

socialbackground社會(huì)家庭背景

outcome結(jié)果

nopain,nogain一份耕耘，一份收獲三、測試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Accordingtothearticle,whymightyouquestionwhethertogotouniversityornot?2.Wherehasresearchfoundyoushouldstudytoearnmoremoneyinyourcareer?3.Trueorfalse?

Studyingcreativeartsatuniversitytendstoleadtoalower-earningcareerthanfromstudyingdentistry.4.Whichwordusedinthearticle,means'haveaneffecton(something)'?5.AccordingtoAlistairJarvis,headofUniversitiesUK,istherelessormorechanceofbeingunemployedifyouhaveadegree?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Mandeepfelt______whenshegraduatedfromOxfordandgotajobstackingshelvesinasupermarket.underqualified

qualified

over-qualification

overqualified2.Buyingapairofbootsis

______inmylongcareerinfootball.afirststep

inthelongrun

nopain,nogain

vocational3.Thegovernmenthascomeupwithaplantotacklethewidening

______betweenrichandpoor.outcomes

incomegap

spirallingcosts

medicine4.Ifyouwanttowinthemarathon,you'regoingtohavetotrainhardbutit'sacaseof______.nogain,nopain

nogainorpain

nopain,nogain

notpain,notpain5.Becauseofthe______,wecannolongeraffordtofinishthebuildingproject.socialbackground

spirallingcosts

incomegap

law【參考答案】閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Accordingtothearticle,whymightyouquestionwhethertogotouniversityornot?

Thespirallingcosts:

TheCharteredInstituteforPersonnelandDevelopmentsaysthatwiththespirallingcostsofuniversity,studentsneedtoaskthemselveswhetheradegreepathisthebestrouteintoacareer.2.Wherehasresearchfoundyoushouldstudytoearnmoremoneyinyourcareer?

AtRussellGroupuniversities.DrJackBrittonfromtheInstituteforFiscalStudiessaysthat"Graduatesofthe24RussellGroupuniversitiesearnanaverageof￡33,500afterfiveyears-about40%morethanthosewhostudiedatotheruniversities."3.Trueorfalse?Studyingcreativeartsatuniversitytendstoleadtoalower-earningcareerthanfromstudyingdentistry.

True.

Graduatesinsubjectssuchaslaw,medicineanddentistrytendtodowell.Andastheyprogress,thepaygapbetweenthesecareersandothers,suchasthecreativearts,widens.4.Whichwordusedinthearticle,means'haveaneffecton(something)'?

Influence.5.AccordingtoAlistairJarvis,headofUniversitiesUK,istherelessormorechanceofbeingunemployedifyouhaveadegree?

Lesschance.Hesays"graduatesarehalfaslikelytobeunemployedasnon-graduates."請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Mandeepfelt

overqualified

whenshegraduatedfromOxfordandgotajobstackingshelvesinasupermarket.2.Buyingapairofbootsis

a

firststep

inmylongcareerinfootball.3.Thegovernmenthascomeupwithaplantotacklethewidening

incomegap

betweenrichandpoor.4.Ifyouwanttowinthemarathon,you'regoingtohavetotrainhardbutit'sacaseof

nopain,nogain.5.Becauseofthe

spirallingcosts,wecannolongeraffordtofinishthebuildingproject.養(yǎng)狗能保護(hù)我們的心臟健康導(dǎo)讀：有人說養(yǎng)寵物對(duì)人類身心健康有好處，那么養(yǎng)狗真的可以讓人健康長壽嗎？據(jù)一項(xiàng)最近調(diào)查顯示，狗主人患心血管疾病的可能性要遠(yuǎn)低于不養(yǎng)狗的人。這是為什么呢？這項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果可信嗎？本集《外刊精讀》探討?zhàn)B狗和人類心臟健康之間的聯(lián)系。一、語篇泛讀Vocabulary:dogsandhearts詞匯：犬和心臟Asadoglover,our

canine

companionsalwaysfillmewithjoy.Whether

pedigree

or

mongrel,

tame

or

stray,wheneverIseeone,Ismile.Afterall,theirloyaltyisindisputable,their

companionship

isalwayswelcome,they

fetch

forus,

guard

forusandevenworkforuswhenrequired.Goodold

Fido

hasalwaysbeen

closetomy,andmanyother’shearts.Well,notcontentwithjust

warmingthecocklesofyourheart,itseemsthatourfour-legged-friendsactuallylowertheriskof

cardiovascular

disease,accordingtoa2017scientificstudy,whichlookedat3.4millionSwedesfrom2001to2012.Thestudyconcludedthatthislowerrisk,whichwasparticularlyevidentinownersofhunting

breeds,maynotjustbeduetotheincreased

physicalactivity

thatgoeshand-in-handwithowningadog,butcouldalsobedowntodogsincreasingtheowner’s

socialcontact,orbychangingtheowner's

bacterialmicrobiome,whichisthecollectionofmicroscopicspeciesthatliveinthe

gut.Dogschangethedirtinhomeenvironmentsandthereforeexposepeopletobacteriathattheywouldotherwisenotencounter.Theseeffectswereparticularlymarkedinthosewholived

ontheirlonesome.AccordingtoMwenyaMubangaofUppsalaUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy,“singledogownershada33%reductioninriskofdeathandan11%reductioninriskof

cardiacarrest

comparedtosinglenon-owners.”However,before

yourheartskipsabeat,ToveFall,seniorauthorofthestudy,alsoaddsthattheremaybelimitations.It’spossiblethatthedifferencesbetweenownersandnon-owners,whichalreadyexistedbeforethedogwasbought,couldhaveinfluencedtheresults–orthatpeoplewhoaregenerallymoreactivealsotendtogetadoganyway.Itseemsthattheresultsarenotasclearcutastheyinitiallyappeartobe,butasfarasI’mconcerned,that’sok.Ilovedogsforhowtheymakemefeeland,cardiovascularbenefitsornot,they’llalwaysbe

topdog

tome–

crossmyheart.二、詞匯表canine犬的

pedigree（動(dòng)物）純種

mongrel雜種狗

tame（尤指動(dòng)物）溫順的

stray流浪的

companionship陪伴，友誼

fetch拿來，取回，

guard守衛(wèi)，保護(hù)

Fido對(duì)寵物狗的一個(gè)通用名稱

closetoone’sheart貼近某人的心

warmthecocklesofyourheart溫暖你的內(nèi)心

cardiovascular心血管的

breed（動(dòng)物）品種

physicalactivity體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

socialcontact社會(huì)關(guān)系，社會(huì)往來

bacterialmicrobiome細(xì)菌微生物群

gut腸道

onone’slonesome單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的

cardiacarrest心臟停搏

yourheartskipsabeat（形容緊張或興奮）心跳停了一下

topdog最好的狗，勝利者

crossmyheart我保證所說屬實(shí)三、測試與練習(xí)閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforlovingdogs?2.Whendidthestudymentionedinthearticletakeplaceandwhowereitsparticipants?3.Whichthreereasonsaregivenforadogreducingaperson’scardiovascularrisk?4.Trueorfalse?

Single-householddogownersseenohealthbenefitscomparedtosingle-householdnon-owners.5.Whatlimitationsarementionedthatcouldaffecttheresultsofthestudy?請(qǐng)?jiān)诓粎⒖颊n文的情況下完成下列練習(xí)。選擇一個(gè)意思合適的單詞填入句子的空格處。1.Thatdogdoesn’thaveanownersocomeawayimmediately.Can’tyouseeit’sa______?Itmighthaveadisease!tame

Fido

stray

mongrel2.Quickly,nurse.He’sgoinginto______.Getmethedefibrillator!microbiome

topdog

canine

cardiacarrest3.Hewon’tbite,buthedoesn’tlikebeingtouched.It’s______

hislastowner,whousedtobeathim.crossmyheart

downto

clearcut

breeds4.Howcanyounotseeit?There’sa______

differencebetweenthefirstpictureandthesecond!marked

gut

hand-in-hand

tame5.Pleasestopsmoking,son.Itgoes______

withcancerandyoudon’twantthat.skipsabeat

crossmyheart

ontheirlonesome

hand-in-hand

【參考答案】閱讀課文并回答問題。1.Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforlovingdogs?

Theyfilltheauthorwithjoy.Theirloyaltyisindisputable,theircompanionshipisalwayswelcome,theyfetchforus,guardforusandevenworkforuswhenrequired2.Whendidthestudymentionedinthearticletakeplaceandwhowereitsparticipants?

Thestudytookplacebetween2001and2012.Itsparticipantswere3.4millionSwedes.3.Whichthreereasonsaregivenforadogreducingaperson’scardiovascularrisk?

Theincr