Unit Silent Spring 寂靜的春天學習

UnitSilentSpring寂靜的春天學習第1頁/共123頁Lead-inQuestionWhatistheimageofspringseasoninyourmind?Whatismeantby“silentspring”?Canyouguesswhattopicisthistextabout?第2頁/共123頁ReinforcementTextAnalysisBackgroundWarmingupSilentSpringUnit5第3頁/共123頁Questions/ActivitiesListening:EarthSongObjectivesWarmingupSilentSpringUnit5第4頁/共123頁Pairwork:

Workinpairstonamefiveenvironmentalproblemsthatarethreateningourworld.

Pleaseworkoutthewaystoprotectourenvironment

Questions/Activities第5頁/共123頁AirPollution第6頁/共123頁WaterPollution第7頁/共123頁soilpollutionsalinizationerosion第8頁/共123頁deforestationdesertification第9頁/共123頁AcidrainHeavyuseofenergytoenhancethehumanmaterial,butalsocausedunexpecteddisaster.

Acidrainbringsaglobaldamage.MENU第10頁/共123頁YangtzeRiverinthepast第11頁/共123頁Now第12頁/共123頁第13頁/共123頁Whatshouldwedoforourhomeland?

A:GOVERNMENT

B:OURSELVES第14頁/共123頁policyofofpreventioninthefirstplacecurbenvironmentalpollutionprotestforestsfromoverexploitation防止過度利用森林refuselandfill垃圾填埋場：refuseincinerator垃圾焚化場conservationofwaterandsoilwaterresourceconservationzoneafforestationproject造林工程rareandendangeredspeciesbreedingcenterNationalTree-PlantingDayslowdowntherateofresourcedegradation降低資源消耗率developrenewableresourcesenvironmentproductsnaturereserveGovernment第15頁/共123頁lowcarbonlife1Plantmoretrees.2Gotoschoolbybike3Reuseourtextbooks.4Turnoffthetapsintime.5Savewateraswellaselectricity.6Usebothsidesofeverypieceofpaper7Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavethehouse.8Openawindowinsteadofturningonairconditioner.9Takeyourownclothbagswhenshoppinginsteadofusingplasticbags.第16頁/共123頁WeneedtodoSaveRecycleRepeatedlyused第17頁/共123頁RememberThereisonlyoneplacewecanlive,sowemustprotectourenvironment.Useourhand,useourheart,Ithinktomorrowisbeautiful.Justlikethepoemsaid…第18頁/共123頁BeautifulBeautifulspringtimewhenallisdelightBeautifulsummer,sowarmandsobrightBeautifulautumn,withfruitandwithgrainBeautifulwinter,withsnowflakesagain第19頁/共123頁Whataboutsunrise

Whataboutrain

Whataboutallthe

.

Thatyousaidweweretogain.

Whataboutkilling

.

Isthereatime

Whataboutallthethings

Thatyousaidwasyoursandmine.

Didyoueverstoptonotice

Allthe

we'veshedbefore

Didyoueverstoptonotice

The

Earththeweepingshores?

AaaaaaaaaahAaaaaaaaaah

Whathavewedonetotheworld

Lookwhatwe'vedone

Whataboutallthe

.Thatyoupledgeyouronlyson.Whatabout

fields

Isthereatime

Whataboutallthe

.Thatyousaidwasyoursandmine.

Didyoueverstoptonotice

Allthechildrendeadfrom

.Didyoueverstoptonotice

ThecryingEarththeweepingshores

Iusedtodream

Iusedtoglancebeyondthestars

Listening:EarthSong第20頁/共123頁Whataboutsunrise日出呢Whataboutrain雨呢Whataboutallthethings還有你說過Thatyousaidweweretogain...我們會得到的一切呢......Whataboutkillingfields土地在減少呢Isthereatime有沒有結束的時候whataboutthethings還有你說過Thatyousaidwasyoursandmine...屬于你和我的一切呢......Didyoueverstoptonotice你是不是忘了Allthebloodwe'veshedbefore我們曾揮灑下的血汗Didyoueverstoptonotice你有沒有看到ThecryingEarththeweepingshores?地球在流淚海岸在哭泣AaaaaaaahAaaaaaaaah啊------EarthSong地球之歌演唱：MichaelJackson第21頁/共123頁Whathavewedonetotheworld我們對世界做錯了什么Lookwhatwe'vedone看看我們做錯了什么吧Whataboutallthepeace還有你向獨子許諾過的Thatyoupledgeyouronlyson...一切和平呢Whataboutfloweringfields鮮花遍布的田野呢Isthereatime有沒有結束的時候Whataboutallthedreams還有你說過Thatyousaidwasyoursandmine...屬于你和我的所有夢想呢Didyoueverstoptonotice你是不是忘了Allthechildrendeadfromwar戰(zhàn)爭中死去的那些孩子Didyoueverstoptonotice你有沒有看到ThecryingEarththeweepingshores?地球在流淚海岸在哭泣AaaaaaaahAaaaaaaaah啊-----------第22頁/共123頁Iusedtodream我曾經(jīng)夢想Iusedtoglancebeyondthestars我曾經(jīng)遙望群星之上NowIdon‘tknowwhereweare如今不知我們身在何方AlthoughIknowwe'vedriftedfor盡管我明白我們漂泊了太遠AaaaaaaahAaaaaaaaah啊-----------Hey,whataboutyesterday(whataboutus)嘿,昨天呢(我們呢)Whatabouttheseas(whataboutus)海洋呢Theheavensarefallingdown(whataboutus)天堂跌落Ican'tevenbreathe(whataboutus)我不能呼吸WhataboutthebleedingEarth(whataboutus)流血的地球呢Can'twefeelitswounds(whataboutus)我們難道不能感受到它的傷痕Whataboutnature'worth(ooo,ooo)寶貴的自然呢It‘sourplanet’swomb(whataboutus)那是我們地球的孕育地Whataboutanimals(whataboutus)動物呢We'veturnedkingdomstodust(whataboutus)我們把他們的王國化為灰燼Whataboutelephants(whataboutus)大象呢Havewelosttheirtrust(whataboutus)我們是不是已失去它們的信任Whataboutcryingwhales(whataboutus)鯨魚呢

第23頁/共123頁We'reravagingtheseas(whataboutus)我們污染了海洋Whataboutforesttrails(ooo,ooo)森林小徑呢Burntdespiteourplease(whataboutus)給我們違心的燒毀了Whatabouttheholyland(whataboutus)神圣的土地呢Tornapartbycreed(whataboutus)被四分五裂了Whataboutthecommonman(whataboutus)普通人呢Can'twesethimfree(whataboutus)我們可以給予他自由嗎Whataboutchildrendying(whataboutus)奄奄一息的孩子呢Can'tyouhearthemcry(whataboutus)你有沒有聽到他們的哭聲Wheredidwegowrong(ooo,ooo)我們走錯了何方Someonetellmewhy(whataboutus)有沒有人告訴我原因Whataboutbabies(whataboutus)嬰兒呢Whataboutthedays(whataboutus)歲月呢Whataboutalltheirjoy(whataboutus)他們所有的歡樂呢Whatabouttheman(whataboutus)人類呢Whataboutthecryingman(whataboutus)哭喊的人們呢WhataboutAbraham(whataboutus)亞伯拉罕呢Whataboutdeathagain(ooo,ooo)再問一次,死亡呢Dowegiveadamn我們有沒有注意AaaaaaaahAaaaaaaaah啊----------第24頁/共123頁1.Content&Message:

Developanenvironmentalconsciousness.2.Language:

Practicereadingskills.–understandingextendedessays(acombinationofdescription,expositionandargumentation)–understandingcomplicatedparagraphs

–readingforgist–inferringtheauthor’sattitudes/feelings/opinions/conclusions(herloveforthebeautyandintegrityofnature;herviewofman’srelationtonature)–drawinginferencesObjectives第25頁/共123頁2.Language:

Appreciatedescriptivewriting(useofsensorywordstopaintpictures).Appreciatedevicestomakewritingpreciseandpowerful.Objectives第26頁/共123頁BackgroundAuthor

SilentSpringUnit5BackgroundInformation第27頁/共123頁

RachelCarson(1907-1964)biologist,writer,ecologistintenselovefornaturesinceherchildhood→“Humanshavenowacquiredafatefulpowertoalterandtodestroynature.ButManisapartofnature,andhiswaragainstnatureisinevitablyawaragainsthimself.”

―RachelCarson

Author

BackgroundHerLife第28頁/共123頁Shewasoncebitterlyattacked:“ananti-humanitariancrank,apriestessofnature,andahystericalwoman”Butshecourageouslywentonfightinguntilherideacaughtonandmoreandmorepeoplejoinedin.→themotherofmodernenvironmentalmovement

AuthorBackgroundHerLife第29頁/共123頁SilentSpring1.Wearefacedwithallkindsofenvironmentalproblemsnowadays.ButwhatistheonethatRachelCarsondealtwithinherbookSilentSpring?2.Howdochemicalsaffecttheenvironmentandpeople?3.DoesCarsonmeanthatinsecticidesshouldneverbeusedinagriculture?

第30頁/共123頁RachelCarsonandherwork第31頁/共123頁1.Whenwasitpublished?2.Whowastheauthor?3.Whatisitabout?

Whatisitscentralargument?4.Howwasitreceived?5.Howsignificantisitnow?6.Doesitstillmakesensenow?Background第32頁/共123頁RachelCarson(1907-1964)ShegrewuponasmallPennsylvaniafarm,wenttothePennsylvaniaCollege,majoredinzoology,andthenwenttoJohnHopkinsforamaster’sdegreeingenetics.Publications:UndertheSea-WindTheSeaAroundUsTheEdgeoftheSeaSilentSpringInthewakeofSilentSpring,shewasattackedpersonallyandasascientistbymany.WhileshewasworkingonSilentSpring,shelearnedshehadbreastcancer.ShediedtwoyearsafterSilentSpringwaspublished,atage56.

第33頁/共123頁ReportonSilentSpring(1962)The$300,000,000pesticidesindustryhasbeenhighlyirritatedbyaquietwomanauthorwhosepreviousworksonsciencehavebeenpraisedforthebeautyandprecisionofthewriting.Inherlatestwork,however,MissCarsonisnotsogentle.Morepointedthanpoetic,shearguesthatthewidespreaduseofpesticidesisdangerouslytiltingtheso-calledbalanceofnature.Pesticidespoisonnotonlypests,shesays,butalsohumans,wildlife,thesoil,foodandwater.NYTimes第34頁/共123頁SignificanceoftheBookItrousedanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewasvulnerabletohumanintervention.Sheproposedthat,attimes,technologicalprogressissofundamentallyatoddswithnaturalprocessesthatitmustbecurtailed.Conservationhadneverraisedmuchbroadpublicinterest,forfewpeoplereallyworriedaboutthedisappearanceofwilderness.Butthethreatsshehadoutlined—thecontaminationofthefoodchain,cancer,geneticdamage,thedeathsofentirespecies—weretoofrighteningtoignore.Forthefirsttime,theneedtoregulateindustryinordertoprotecttheenvironmentbecamewidelyaccepted,andenvironmentalismwasborn.第35頁/共123頁BackgroundInformation

EnvironmentalProtectionOrganizations1.TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)2.GreenPeace3.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency第36頁/共123頁EarthDayEarthDayisadaydesignedtoinspireawarenessandappreciationfortheEarth'senvironment.Itison22April.ItwasfoundedbyU.S.Senator

GaylordNelson(D-Wisconsin)asanenvironmentalteach-inin1970andiscelebratedinmanycountrieseveryyear.ThefirstEarthDaywasin1970.EarthDayissimilartoWorldEnvironmentDay.第37頁/共123頁DetailedAnalysisStructureTextAnalysisSilentSpringUnit5Theme第38頁/共123頁StructureI.Para.1-9Afabletomorrow:TheauthordescribesthechangesofanimaginedAmericantownbyc____thesituationsbeforeandafterit’spolluted.II.Para10-19

Itisthec___thathaschangedtheh___betweenlivingthingsandtheirsurroundings.第39頁/共123頁III.Para20-24Thispartpresentstwofactorsthatcausetheinsectproblems:thei____ofagricultureandthei____ofpalnts.IV.Itisconcludedbytheauthorthatthechemicalsshouldbeusedp___.第40頁/共123頁PartI:paras.1-6atownbefore&afterthedisasterPartII:paras.7-9causeofthedisaster:chemicalsPartIII:paras.10-14character&impactofman’stamperingwithnaturePartIV:paras.15-18reasonswhypesticidesfailtosolvethepestproblemTextAnalysisStructurePartV:paras.19-24causeofmodernpestproblemandpossiblesolutions

PartVI:para.25conclusion第41頁/共123頁Contrast:atownbefore&afterthedisasterBeforeColorSoundMotionOverallimpression:vibrant,harmonious,beautifulAfterColorSoundMotionOverallimpression:lifeless,deserted,awfulTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:MainIdea(Para1-6)第42頁/共123頁第43頁/共123頁第44頁/共123頁第45頁/共123頁DetailedDiscussionoftheText1.Therewasonceatowninthe

heart

ofAmericawhereall

life

seemedtolive

inharmonywith

itssurroundings.(para.1)heart:thecentralormostimportantpartNotethevariousmeaningsoftheword“l(fā)ife”inthetext.Inthissentenceitmeans“l(fā)ivingthings”.inharmonywith:inastateofpeacefulco-existenceandagreementHarmony/harmoniousinharmony/disharmonyEg:我們班上的同學一起和諧相處了兩年。第46頁/共123頁Paraphrase:>OnceuponatimetherewasatowninthecentralpartofAmericawherealllivingthingsseemedtoco-existpeacefullywiththeirenvironment.第47頁/共123頁2.Thetownlay

inthemidstofprosperousfarms,

where,inspring,

whitecloudsofbloomdriftedabovethegreenfields.(para.1)inthemidstof:(informal)among既可表示方位，又可表示時間。在…當中；正當某事發(fā)生的時候Theoldmanwasknockeddownbyamotorbikeinthemidstofpassingthroughthestreet.

Prosperous:booming;promising:(ofplants)growingwellprosper(v);prosperity(n)whitecloudsofbloom:metaphorThetownlayamongbooming(orwellgrowing)farms.Inspring,whitecloudsfloatedabovethegreenfieldsjustlikeflowers.第48頁/共123頁3.Inautumn,oakandmapleandbirchsetupablazeofcolorthatflamedandflickeredacrossabackgroundofpines.(para.1)setup:tocause,produce,raise:~awallablazeofcolor:animpressiveandnoticeableshowofcolorsParaphrase:

>Inautumn,theoak,mapleandbirchtreesturnedyellow,redorbrown,thusmakingabeautifulshowofcolorsagainstthedarkgreenofpinetrees.PayattentiontoCarson’suseofcolorindescribingthetownbeforeitsenvironmentwascontaminated:whitecloudsfloatingabovegreenfieldsinspring,theblazeofcolorinautumn,etc.第49頁/共123頁Lesson11–SilentSpringWordStudyshadows/lights/leaves/candlesflickerEg:Thelightsofsuspendedbridgeflickeredonandoff.Asmileflickeredacrosshisface.Flameandflicker:alliteration

flame:tobecomesuddenlybrightwithlightorcolor,esp,redororange成火紅色

Theautumnwoodsflamedwithcolor.

Flicker:tokeepgoingonandoffasitshinesorburns忽隱忽現(xiàn)；（ofanemotion,athoughtetc)toappearforashorttime情緒，思想等閃現(xiàn)，一閃而過

第50頁/共123頁4.Thenfoxes

barkedinthehillsanddeersilentlycrossedthefields.(para.1)

(Nowanimalsareintroducedafterplantlife)fromthenoisyfoxestothequietdeer,theycriedandmovedastheyliked.

第51頁/共123頁第52頁/共123頁第53頁/共123頁.…delightedthetraveler’s

eye.(para2)…gavethetravelergreatsatisfaction/enjoyment(whataharmoniousandfascinatingview)Sthdelightssb/sbisdelightedbysthIwasdelightedbythesteepmountainandelegantwaterofZhangjiajie.零陵以其清新的空氣和美麗的山水吸引著游客。第54頁/共123頁Feedon以…為主食；強調喂養(yǎng)Pandasmainlyliveonbamboo,whilerabbitsfeedongrass.Liveon靠…維持生活,以…為主食。主語可為人和動物Thefishlivesontheplankton(浮游生物）.Theoldmanlivesonpickinguptrash.Thewretchedwomanlivesonbegging.第55頁/共123頁WordStudy

abundance

n.agreatorplentifulamount,fullness,affluenceExamples:ourcountryhasanabundanceofnaturalresources.Privatecarsareavailableinabundance.

abundanta.

Thisareaisabundantinpetroleumdeposit.

aboundv.Aboundwith=befilledwithStreamsaboundwithfish.第56頁/共123頁Migrant:候鳥；移居者；（為工作）而遷移的人Migrantsoftenflytothesouthinwinter.MigrantlaborMigrantworkersMigrant&immigrant&emigrant第57頁/共123頁5.Thensomeevilspellsettledonthecommunity:mysteriousdiseasesswepttheflocksofchickens;thecattleandsheepsickenedanddied.(para.3)Spell:wordsthatmakemagicalthingshappenNotetheuseofunitwordsinEnglish:aflockofchicken/sheep/tourists;aherdofcattle/elephantssickened:becameill—Then,asifbysomeevilpower,disasterfellonthecommunity:Strangediseasesquicklystruckdownlargenumbersofchicken;thecattleandsheepbecameillanddied.第58頁/共123頁6.Thefeedingstationsinthebackyardsweredeserted.(para.4)

feedingstation:adish-likecontainerfixedontopofapostwherepeopleregularlyleavesunflowerseedsorthelikeforpassingbirdstofeedon.Feedingstationsaregenerallyputupinthebackyards.(牲畜飼喂站）Deserted:forsaken;visitedbynobody(herebirds)abandonedA~street/islandNobirdscametofeedonwhatwasthereatthefeedingstations.第59頁/共123頁7.Onthemorningsthathadoncethrobbedwiththedawnchorusofscoresofbirdvoicestherewasnownosound;(para.4)scoresofbird:manybirds—Themorningairusedtovibratewiththesingingofbirds,buttherewasnownosound.Thechorusofmanybirdscausedthemorningairtoshakerhythmically,givingtheplacelife.Analyzethestructureoftheabovesentence.第60頁/共123頁ThrobVi(ofapartofthebody)tofeelaseriesofregularpainfulmovements身體部位有規(guī)律地抽動，抽痛；

tobeatorsoundwithastrong,regularrhythm;ofaplacetohavealotoflife,energy昨晚我的腿很疼地抽筋。他興奮得心直跳。廣場上這么多人在跳舞，真有活力。第61頁/共123頁Whydidtheauthorpaintsuchabeautifulpictureofanon-existenttown?Whatwasshetryingtoappealto?

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Discussion(Para7-9)第62頁/共123頁StrickenworldStrike,struck,stricken：患病的，受挫的，受…侵襲的Flood-strickendistrictEarthquake-strickendistrictafamilystrickenbygeneticallyinheritedcancer

aleu‘kemia-strickenchildSubstantial:largeinamount,valueorimportanceSubstance;substantialAsubstantialsumofmoneyAsubstantialchange第63頁/共123頁NatureDirection:environment→lifeSpeed:Character:adaptativeHumanDirection:life→environmentSpeed:Character:destructive

irrecoverableHowhasmanchangedtherelationbetweenorganismsandtheirsurroundingsinrecentyears?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Discussion(Para10-14)第64頁/共123頁2.Inwhatwayhasman’spowerchangedincharacter？(para.11)3.Howdochemicalsaffectourlife?(para.11)

“passingfromonetoanotherinachainofpoisoninganddeath”4.Whatarethetwoexamplesgivenbytheauthorasman’stamperingwithnature?(paras.11-13)5.Whyisman’schangeoftheworldparticularlydevastating?(paras.12-14)TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis第65頁/共123頁ToalargeextentTosomeextentToacertainextentMold:vttostronglyinfluencethewaysb’scharacter,attitude,etc.developAgoodteachershouldalsohelpmoldthepositivelifevaluesofstudents.父母的關系對孩子性格的形成具有決定性的作用Vi發(fā)霉第66頁/共123頁8.Consideringthewholespanofearthlytime,theoppositeeffect,inwhichlifeactuallymodifiesitssurroundings,hasbeenrelativelyslight.(para.10)PleaseanalyzethestructureofthesentenceSpan:跨度，范圍lifespanModify:tochangesthslightly稍微改變，調整；緩和—Whenwethinkofthelonghistoryoflifeonearth,thedegree(orextent)thatlivingthingsaffecttheirenvironmenthasbeeninsignificantascomparedwiththeeffectoftheenvironmentonplantandanimallife.第67頁/共123頁9.…butithaschangedincharacter.(para.11)…butthenatureofthispowertoaltertheenvironmenthaschanged.Inthepast,tosurvivehumansmadeuseofwhatnatureoffered,forexample,bycuttingdowntrees,dammingrivers;nowtheycreatethingsthatdidnotexist,suchaschemicalsandunnaturalradiation.第68頁/共123頁Lesson11–SilentSpringWordStudyassault

vi,vt/n.violentphysicalorverbalattack (usuallyimplyingsudden,intenseviolence)Anassaulton/uponsthLaunchanassaultviolentassaultsMuggersoftenassaulttheirvictimsondarkstreets.In1941,JapanlaunchedasneakattackonPearlHarbour.第69頁/共123頁10.Thispollutionisforthemostpartirrecoverable.(para.11)

Recover----irrecoverableIrrecoverable:irreparable(notreparable);incurable;irremediable

Inmostcases,thepollutedair,soil,andriversandtheseacannotberestoredtotheiroriginalnaturalstate.第70頁/共123頁11.Chemicalssprayedoncroplandsorforestsorgardenslielonginsoil,enteringintolivingorganisms,passingfromonetoanotherinachainofpoisoninganddeath.(para.11)

Analyzethestructureofthesentencelielonginsoil:theystayinsoilforalongtimebecausetheydon’tbreakdownchemicallytherethechemicalsthatinsecticidescontainarelikelytoenterbirdsandanimalsinfood,andthenpassoutinwastematterfromtheirbodies,getintothesoilandareabsorbedbytheplantsthatgrowonit.Whenbirdsandanimalsandpeopleeattheplants,thesesubstancesagainaretakenintotheirbodies.Thisprocessgoesonandonendlessly,poisoningplantandanimallifealike.Inshort,thechemicalstendtobeendlesslyrecycledinthefoodchains.第71頁/共123頁12.Giventime——timenotinyearsbutinmillennia——lifeadjusts,andabalancehasbeenreached.(para.12)Millennium:millennia;millenniaofyears:thousandsofyearsGiventime:ifitisgiventimePastparticipleusedasadverbialofconditionsEg:Givenopportunity,hewillfindhisplaceinthecircleofIT.CookedinDonganstyle,thechickentastedmoredelicious.Cf:adjust/adapt：adjust調整的幅度小些，側重過程，可用于調整角度、高度；adapt修改或改變以適應新條件，強調某人某物的可塑性、靈活性、適應性等第72頁/共123頁13.Butinthemodernworldthereisnotime.(para.12)Butinthemodernworld,lifehasnotimetoadjustitselftothechangeofenvironment,forman’spowertotamperwithnaturehasbecometoogreat.(Manissoeagertochangenatureforshort-termbenefits,hedoesnotthinkofthelong-terminterestofhisownspecies.)第73頁/共123頁14.Therapidityofchangefollowstheimpetuouspaceofmanratherthanthedeliberatepaceofnature.(para.13)impetuous

a.impulsiveandpassionate(forcefulimpulsivenessorimpatience);=reckless;rashExamples:Impetuouswaves；animpetuouspromise/decisionDeliberate:vdeliberateon/uponadj故意的；深思熟慮的intentional;arisingfromormarkedbycarefulconsiderationItlookedlikeadeliberateandplannedattack.Cf:deliberate/reflect/meditate/ponder第74頁/共123頁Rapid,drasticpaceofmanVSslow,carefulpaceofnatureParaphrase:>Manischangingnaturerapidlywhilenatureadjuststothechangesslowly.Thereforeadjustmentcanneverkeepupwithchange,andanewbalancebetweenlivingthingsandtheirenvironmentcanhardlybereached.第75頁/共123頁15.Radiationisnowthe

unnaturalcreation

ofman’stamperingwiththeatom.(para.13)——Inthepast,radiationwasonlysentoutfromradioactivesubstancesincertainrock;todaymancreatessuchharmfulraysbysplittingthenucleusoftheatomofsuchsubstanceasradium.第76頁/共123頁Lesson11–SilentSpringWordStudy

tamper

vi.瞎弄；篡改；搗亂；干預

a.to

interfereinaharmfulmannerb.totinkerorhandlewithrashlyorfoolishlyExamples:Hetriedtotamperwiththedecedent'swill.Don'ttamperwithmyfeelings.Humanbeingsshouldnottamperwithnatureblindly.第77頁/共123頁16.Thechemicalsarethesyntheticcreationsofman’sinventivemind,havingnocounterpartsinnature.(para.13)Synthetic:artificial——Naturedoesnotproducesuchthingsaschemicals.Theyareman-made,i.e.theresultofman’screativepower.第78頁/共123頁Andeventhis,wereitbysomemiraclepossible,wouldbefutile,forthenewchemicalscome…Wereitbysome…:unrealconditionalclauseinwhich“were”isplacedatthebeginningoftheclause.IfitwerebysomemiraclepossibleEveniflifedidadjusttothechemicalsbysomemiracle,itwouldbeuseless,becausethenewchemicalsarecontinouslycreatedinourlab.第79頁/共123頁1.Whyarepesticidesnotagoodsolution?(3reasons)2.

Whatdoesthe“endlessspiral”referto?(para.17)3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsman’suseofchemicals?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIV:Discussion(Para15-19)第80頁/共123頁a.Theykillindiscriminately,reducingbiodiversity.(para.16)b.Theycontaminatetheentireenvironment.(para.16)residualeffectc.Theycouldn’tsolvethepestproblem.(para.17)resistancetochemicalsresurgenceinducedbypesticidesTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis第81頁/共123頁17.Amongthemaremanythatareusedinman’swaragainstnature.(para.15)

man’swaragainstnature:

Thisreferstothedoctrineof“conqueringnature”Question:Howdoyoulookatnature?Canhumanbeingsconquernaturereally?Natureisinnocent,manisapartofnatureandisblessedbynature.Wehumanbeingsshouldfollownature’slawandfeelgratitudefornature’sblessings.Onlyinthiswaycanweestablishahappyhomeland.第82頁/共123頁ManandNature第83頁/共123頁18.…andotherorganismsdescribedas“pests”;andtheyaresoldunderseveralthousanddifferentbrandnames.(para.15)describedas“pests”:referredtoas“pests”thatharmordestroyfoodsuppliesforman.ThequotationmarksshowthatCarsondoesnotregardthesocalledpestsasthatharmful.Anyspecies,whenitspopulationiskeptundercontrol,formsapartofnature.Wipingaspeciesoutwoulddestroythebalancebetweenlifeandtheenvironment.第84頁/共123頁19.Thesechemicalsarenowappliedalmostuniversallytofarms,gardens,forests,andhomes…(para.16)applysthto:toputorspreadsthonthesurfaceof,e.g.Shenevergoesoutwithoutapplyingsuncreamto/onherfaceandneck.Beappliedtosth:beusedtosth新的技術將會用到節(jié)能中。捐款將用到希望工程中。第85頁/共123頁20.…tostillthesongofbirdsandtheleapingoffish,tocoattheleaveswithadeadlyfilm,andtolingeroninsoil…(para.16)Tostill,tocoat…:adverbialofresults…tokillthebirdsandfish,tocovertheleaveswithathinlayerofdeath-causingchemicalsandstayinsoilforalongtime…第86頁/共123頁21.Thewholeprocessofsprayingseemscaughtupinanendlessspiral.(para.17)becaughtupin:tobecomeinvolvedin,oftenagainstyourwishes,Manyinnocentpeoplegotcaughtupinthewar.許多政府官員被卷入到了反腐運動中。anendlessspiral:anever-ending,continuousupwardmovement,e.g.Ifthegovernmentdoesn’ttakeeffectivemeasures,thecountryisindangerofgettingintoaninflationaryspiral.第87頁/共123頁Paraphrase:Themoreinsecticidesaresprayed,thelesseffectivetheywillbecomeindestroyingthe“pests”.Thenmoredeadlychemicalswillbedevelopedtokillthem.Thisprocesswillgoonendlessly.第88頁/共123頁22.Darwin’sprincipleofthesurvivalofthefittest(para.17)InhisOntheOriginofSpecies(1859),Darwindevelopedhistheoryofevolution.Accordingtothistheory,plantsanda